Christian denomination
A Christian denomination is a distinct religious body within Christianity, identified by traits such as a name, organization and doctrine. Individual bodies, may use alternative terms to describe themselves, such as church or sometimes fellowship. Divisions between one group and another are defined by doctrine. Groups of denominations—often sharing broadly similar beliefs and historical ties—are sometimes known as "branches of Christianity"; these branches differ in many ways through differences in practices and belief. Individual denominations vary in the degree to which they recognize one another. Several groups claim to be the direct and sole authentic successor of the church founded by Jesus Christ in the 1st century AD. Others, believe in denominationalism, where some or all Christian groups are legitimate churches of the same religion regardless of their distinguishing labels and practices; because of this concept, some Christian bodies reject the term "denomination" to describe themselves, to avoid implying equivalency with other churches or denominations.
The Catholic Church which claims 1.2 billion members – over half of all Christians worldwide – does not view itself as a denomination, but as the original pre-denominational church, a view rejected by other Christians. Protestant denominations account for 37 percent of Christians worldwide. Together and Protestantism comprise Western Christianity. Western Christian denominations prevail in Western, Northern and Southern Europe, Sub-Saharan Africa, the Americas and Oceania; the Eastern Orthodox Church, with an estimated 225–300 million adherents, is the second-largest Christian organization in the world and considers itself the original pre-denominational church. Unlike the Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church is itself a communion of independent autocephalous churches that mutually recognize each other to the exclusion of others; the Eastern Orthodox Church, together with Oriental Orthodoxy and the Assyrian Church of the East, constitutes Eastern Christianity. Eastern Christian denominations are represented in Eastern Europe, North Asia, the Middle East, Northeast Africa and South India.
Christians have various doctrines about the Church and about how the divine church corresponds to Christian denominations. Both Catholics and Eastern Orthodox hold that their own organizations faithfully represent the One Holy catholic and Apostolic Church to the exclusion of the other. Sixteenth-century Protestants separated from the Catholic Church because of theologies and practices that they considered to be in violation of their own interpretation. Members of the various denominations acknowledge each other as Christians, at least to the extent that they have mutually recognized baptisms and acknowledge orthodox views including the Divinity of Jesus and doctrines of sin and salvation though doctrinal and ecclesiological obstacles hinder full communion between churches. Since the reforms surrounding the Second Vatican Council of 1962–1965, the Catholic Church has referred to Protestant communities as "denominations", while reserving the term "church" for apostolic churches, including the Eastern Orthodox.
But some non-denominational Christians do not follow any particular branch, though sometimes regarded as Protestants. Each group uses different terminology to discuss their beliefs; this section will discuss the definitions of several terms used throughout the article, before discussing the beliefs themselves in detail in following sections. A denomination within Christianity can be defined as a "recognized autonomous branch of the Christian Church". "Church" as a synonym, refers to a "particular Christian organization with its own clergy and distinctive doctrines". Some traditional and evangelical Protestants draw a distinction between membership in the universal church and fellowship within the local church. Becoming a believer in Christ makes one a member of the universal church; some evangelical groups describe themselves as interdenominational fellowships, partnering with local churches to strengthen evangelical efforts targeting a particular group with specialized needs, such as students or ethnic groups.
A related concept is denominationalism, the belief that some or all Christian groups are legitimate churches of the same religion regardless of their distinguishing labels and practices.. Protestant leaders differ from the views of the leaders of the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church, the two largest Christian denominations; each church makes mutually exclusive claims for itself to be t
Palakkad
Palakkad pronunciation known as Palghat, is a city and municipality in the state of Kerala in southern India, spread over an area of 26.60 km2 and is the administrative headquarters of the Palakkad District. The city is situated about 350 kilometres north of state capital Thiruvananthapuram and 54 kilometers south west of Coimbatore, 66 km north east of Thrissur on the Salem-Kanyakumari National Highway NH 47; the held belief is that the name Palakkad is a fusion of two Malayalam words, the name given for barren land during the Sangam period, Kadu, which means forest. Palakkad is the gateway to Kerala due to the presence of the Palakkad Gap, in the Western Ghats. Malayalam is the spoken language in Palakkad as it is the official language; the town is blessed with many small and medium rivers, which are tributaries of the Bharathapuzha River. Of the number of dams in Palakkad district, the largest Malampuzha dam is 12 km from Palakkad town. Palakkad has a tropical dry climate. Temperatures remain moderate throughout the year, with exception in March and April being the hottest months.
A high amount of precipitation is received in Palakkad due to the South-West monsoon. July is the wettest month, the total annual rainfall is around 83 inches; the nearest international airport is Coimbatore International Airport, about 62 km from Palakkad. There has been a proposal for a mini domestic airport at East Yakkara with respect to setting up domestic airports for enhanced air connectivity by the civil aviation ministry of India. 60 acres has been identified for the project at East Yakkara Palakkad. There are two railway stations serving Palakkad - Palakkad Junction is a broad gauge railway junction and Palakkad Town railway station located in the heart of the Palakkad town. Close to Palakkad Junction is the office of Palakkad Railway Division; the cities of Coimbatore, Salem, Thiruvananthapuram, Mangalore and Ernakulam are connected by the broad gauge line. Train services to Pollachi and Madurai are through the broad gauge line through Palakkad Town station. Palakkad is well connected by roads.
The National Highway 47 from Salem to Ernakulam via Coimbatore and Thrissur – Kozhikode National Highway 213 via Malappuram pass through the district. As per Census 2011, population of Palakkad in 2011 is 130,955. Total literates in Palakkad city are 112,479. Average literacy rate of Palakkad city is 94.20 percent of which male and female literacy was 96.83 and 91.73 percent. Hindus form 68% of the population with 89098 members. Muslims constitute 27.9% of the population with 36620 members. Christians constitute 3.8% of the population with 5006 members. The metropolitan area of Palakkad includes Hemambikanagar, Palakkad municipality, Pudussery Central, Pudussery West, Puthuppariyaram, its urban / metropolitan population is 293,566 of which 143,650 are males and 149,916 are females. The literacy rate of Palakkad Metropolitan Area is 92.14%, much higher than the national average of 59.5%. Malayalam is the most spoken language, followed by Tamil speakers. Since, a lot of Tamil migrants are residing in the city and it the reason that the city located 5 km closure to the Indian state Tamilnadu, on the way to Coimbatore.
Education in Palakkad district Political Divisions of Palakkad District Palakkad Gap, mountain pass in the Western Ghats Palakkad District Malampuzha Chittoorkavu Devi Temple Avitis Institute of Medical Sciences Palakkad travel guide from Wikivoyage http://www.palakkad.gov.in - Official Website of Palakkad District Administration http://www.palakkadtourism.org - Palakkad District Tourism-Information
Syro-Malabar Catholic Archeparchy of Thrissur
The Syro-Malabar Catholic Archeparchy of Trichur, in Thrissur District of Central Kerala, with nearly half a million Syro-Malabar Catholics now, used to be the largest Catholic diocese in India when it included the Syro-Malabar Catholic Diocese of Irinjalakuda until 1978 and Syro-Malabar Catholic Eparchy of Palghat until 1973. Syro-Malabar Catholic Diocese of Irinjalakuda located in Thrissur District, has over a quarter million Syro-Malabar Catholics now. Syro-Malabar Catholic Diocese of Palghat in Central Kerala extends to some regions in the neighbouring state of Tamil Nadu. In 2010, the parts of Tamil Nadu under the Syro-Malabar Catholic Diocese of Palghat were separated to form another Syro-Malabar Catholic Diocese of Ramanathapuram; the diocese was founded on 20 May 1887 by Pope Pius XI by his papal bull Quod iam pridem. The boundaries of diocese were from Periyar in Aluva to Bharathappuzha, it was extended to Palakkad district and extended to Coimbatore District in Tamil Nadu and was the largest Catholic diocese in India.
The total number of parishes is 205. In addition, there are 52 stations in the archdiocese; the population of Syro-Malabar Catholics in Thrissur Archdiocese is over 475,000. There are 16 foranes under Thrissur Archdiocese, they are: Syro-Malabar Catholic Diocese of Ramanathapuram Syro-Malabar Catholic Diocese of Irinjalakuda Syro-Malabar Catholic Diocese of Palghat Mar Adolph Medlycott Mar John Menachery Mar Francis Vazhapilly Mar George Alapatt Mar Joseph Kundukulam Mar Jacob Thoomkuzhy Mar Andrews Thazhath Archdiocese of Thrissur
Kannur
Kannur known as Cannanore, is a city and a Municipal Corporation in Kannur district, state of Kerala, India. It is the administrative headquarters of the Kannur District and situated 518 km north of the state capital Thiruvananthapuram. During British rule in India, Kannur was known as Cannanore, a name, still in use by the Indian Railways. Kannur is the largest city of North Malabar region; as of 2011 census population of Kannur was 2,32,486. Kannur is one of the million-plus urban agglomerations in India with a population of 1,642,892 in 2011. Kannur was an important trading centre in the 12th century, with active business connections with Persia and Arabia, it served as the British military headquarters on India's west coast until 1887. In conjunction with its sister city, Tellicherry, it was the third largest city on the western coast of British India in the 18th century after Bombay and Karachi; the modern town is referred to as Kannur Town. Kannur, as a district and surrounding areas, were ruled by the famous Kolathiri Rajas.
When the state of Kerala was formed the district took the name Kannur since the administrative offices were established here. Before that, Kannur was under the Chirakkal taluk of Madras state under British rule; when the British dominated this part of the world, they preferred Madras and Cochin as their major stations and Kannur started to lose its old glory. The people of Kannur are still waiting for their old glory to get back and they feel they are being sidelined because the state administration is located opposite side of the state. Part of the original city of Kannur was under Kerala's only Muslim Royalty called the Arakkal and this area is still known as City. St. Angelo Fort was built in 1505 by Dom Francisco de Almeida, the first Portuguese Viceroy of India; the Dutch captured the fort from the Portuguese in 1663. They modernised the fort and built the bastions Hollandia and Frieslandia that are the major features of the present structure; the original Portuguese fort was pulled down later.
A painting of this fort and the fishing ferry behind it can be seen in the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam. The Dutch sold the fort to king Ali Raja of Arakkal in 1772. During the 17th century, Kannur was the capital city of the only Muslim Sultanate in Kerala, known as Arakkal; the British conquered it in 1790 and used it as one of their major military stations on the Malabar Coast. During the British Raj, Kannur was part of the Madras province in the North Malabar District; the guerrilla war by Pazhassi Raja, the ruler of Kottayam province, against the British had a huge impact in the history of Kannur. Changes in the socio-economic and political sectors in Kerala during the initial decades of 20th century created conditions congenial for the growth of the Communist Party. Extension of English education initiated by Christian missionaries in 1906 and carried forward by government, rebellion for wearing a cloth to cover upper parts of body, installing an idol at Aruvippuram in 1888, Malayali Memorial in 1891, establishment of SNDP Yogam in 1903, struggles etc. became factors helpful to accelerate changes in Kerala society during a short time.
Movements for liberation from the colonial rule of British imperialism and struggles launched by these movements grew with them. Soon, ideas about socialism and Soviet Revolution reached Kerala; such ideas got propagated in Kerala through the works of Swadeshabhimani Ramakrishna Pillai, Sahodaran Ayyappan, P. Kesavadev and others. By the beginning of the 1930s some other useful developments were taking place. Important among them was Nivarthana Agitation in Travancore; that was the demand of people suppressed so far as untouchables and weaker sections for participation in government. This brought to the forefront struggles like proportional representation in government and reservation of jobs; this imparted a new enthusiasm among oppressed masses. District: Kannur Governing Body: Kannur corporation Taluk/Tehsil: Kannur Block: Kannur Assembly Constituency: Kannur Parliament Constituency: Kannur Police Station: Kannur Post Office: Kannur 670001 Telephone Exchange: Kannur 0497 Railway Station: kannur Railway Station Airport: Kannur International Airport Kannur the rural areas, has been referred to as a stranglehold of the left parties – locally known as'party gramam'.
Gramam means'village' and denote local allegiance to only one party. Kannur has a strong presence of trade unions as well as left-leaning organizations. However, other parties have strong influence. According to the 2011 census of India, Kannur city has a population of 56,823. Males constitute 46.2% of the population and females 53.8%. Kannur has an average literacy rate of 96.23%, higher than the national average of 74.04%. Male literacy is 98% and female literacy is 94%. In Kannur, 12% of the population is under six years of age. Hindus form the majority of the population with 32,026 members forming 56.3% of the population. There are 21,557 Muslims forming 37.9% of the population. Christians form 5% of the population with 2,892 members; the Anglo-Indian community in Kannur live in the Kannur Cantonment of Burnacherry and its surrounding areas of Thillery, No.3 Bazaar and Camp Bazaar. Malayalam is the local language. Kannur Taluk has 27 villages. Anjarakandi, Azhikode North, Azhikode South and Chelora Chembilode and Chirakkal Edakkad, Iriveri, Kadambur and Kolacherry Kanhirod, Kannapuram Makrery, Mattool and Munderi Muzhappilangad, Narath and Pappinisseri Puzhathi and Valiyannur V-Pra Kaayal Floating park / V-Pra Park is a project from District Tourism Promotional Council DTPC.
It is a Park, constructed on top of Vayalapra kaayal
Wayanad district
Wayanad is an Indian district in the north-east of Kerala state with headquarters at the municipality of Kalpetta. It is set high on the Western Ghats with altitudes ranging from 700 to 2100; the district was formed on 1 November 1980 as the 12th district in Kerala by carving out areas from Kozhikode and Kannur districts. About 885.92 sq.km of area of the district is under forest. Wayanad has three municipal towns—Kalpetta and Sulthan Bathery. There are many indigenous tribals in this area. Wayanad district is bordered by Karnataka to north and north-east, Tamil Nadu to south-east, Malappuram to south, Kozhikode to south-west and Kannur to north-west. Pulpally in Wayanad boasts of the only Lava Kusha Temple in Kerala and Vythiri has the only mirror temple in Kerala, a Jain temple; the edicts and caves of Ambukuthi Mala and other evidences states that the place is as old as the beginning of the New Age Civilisation. The name'Wayanad' is derived from'Vayal Nadu' which translates to'the land of paddy fields' in English.
Historians believes that the human settlement existed in these parts for at least ten centuries before Christ. Much evidence of New Stone Age civilisation can be seen in the hills throughout the present day Wayanad district; the Edakkal Caves have 6000 year old rock engravings from the Neolithic age. Recorded history of this district is available only from the 18th century. In ancient times, this land was ruled by the Rajas of the Veda tribe; the Kutumbiyas: The two caves of Ampukuthimala in Sulthan Bathery, with pictures on their walls and pictorial writings, speak volumes of a bygone civilisation. At the foot of the Edakal Male caves, Kannada inscriptions belonging to Canarese chieftain Vishnu Varma of Kutumbiya clan of Mysore dating to c. 5th century CE were discovered which read -'Palapulitaanamtakaari' or'Pala pulinânam ta-kâri', Sri Vishnu Varma Kutumbiya Kulavardhanasya li..it..a..'. As per Hultzch, an epigraphist from the department of epigraphy, Madras, it speaks of the glorious descendant of Kutumbiya clan, Kannada chieftain, Vishnu Varma, as one who killed many tigers.
Some scholars speculate this Kutumba clan to be the same. The Kadambas: In the 11th century AD, Gangas were dethroned from Bayalnad by Kadamba dynasty of North Canara. Wayanad was at that time divided into two portions - Chagi Bayalnad. One of the Mysore inscriptions says'an adulteress with black waving curls, as adulteress with full-moon face, an adulteress with endless side-glances, an adulteress with adorned slim figure was this storeyed mansion, the double Bayalnad'. Kadamba Bayalnad emerged as a rule in the 11th century under their chief Raviyammarasa with Kirttipura in Punnad their capital. Kanthirava was described as ruling Chagi-Bayalnad. Iravi-Challamma was the ruler of Bira-Bayalnad; the Hoysalas: In 1104 AD Vishnuvardhana of Hoysala invaded Bayalnad followed by Vijayanagara dynasty in the 14th century. A Kadamba king, Mukkanna-Kadamba ruled Bayal-nad in and around 1138 CE; the Vijayanagara empire: A feudatory chieftain of Sangama dynasty of Vijaynagar, Immadi Kadamba Raya Vodeyayya of Bayalnad Kadambas, is said to have ruled Bayalnad.
The Mysore Wodeyars and the Sultans: In 1610 AD Udaiyar Raja Wadiyar of Mysore drove out Vijayanagara General and became the ruler of Bayalnad and the Nilgiris. Bayalnad is the present Wayanad; when Wayanad was under Hyder Ali's rule, the ghat road from Vythiri to Thamarassery was constructed. The British rulers developed this route to Carter road; when Wayanad was under Tipu Sultan's rule British invasion started. Tussle and turbulent times followed; the British claimed Wayanad under the 1792 treaty of Srirangapatna citing. Tipu Sultan went in appeal before the Governor General. Considering his arguments, relying on the successive Karnataka rule for centuries in Wayanad and its geographical detachment from Malabar, in 1798, Governor General Lord Mornington declared by proclamation that Wayanad had not been ceded to the East India Company by the treaty of 1792; the British troops withdrew from Wayanad conceding to Tipu's rule. In 1799, after the fall of Sultan, the British handed over Wayanad by the treaty of 1799 to the Raja of Mysore.
But by a supplementary treaty dated 29 December 1803 the East India Company repossessed Wayanad and thereafter administrated by Col. Arthur Wellesley from Srirangapatna and North Wayanad came under the rule of the Pazhassi Raja dynasty of ancient Kottayam. British Rule: In the end, the British could get only the dead body of the Rajah, who killed himself somewhere in the interior of the forest. Thus, Wayanad fell into the hands of the British and with it came a new turn in the home of this area; the British authorities opened up the plateau to the cultivation of tea and other cash crops by constructing roads across the dangerous slopes of Wayanad, to Kozhikode and Thalassery. They extended these new roads to the cities of Mysore and Ooty through Gudalur. Settlers emigrated from all parts of Kerala and the fecund lands proved a veritable goldmine with incredible yields of cash crops. Agriculture Cultivation started broadly after 1900 A. D onwards. Wayanad became part of Kerala despite its geographical delimitations and political descent in 1956 on State's reorganisation.
Now there is a considerable Kannada speaking population and the reminiscence of centuries old Karnataka rule is omnipresent in Wayanad. When the State of Kerala came into being in November 1956, Wayanad was part of Kannur district. South Wayanad was added to Kozhikode district. To fulfil the aspirations of the peopl
Our Lady of Lourde's Church (Pallikkunnu Church)
Pallikkunnu Church known as Our Lady of Lourdes Church, is a pilgrim centre of North Kerala. This is a Latin Catholic church The festival is on February 2 to 18. Main days are 11th. Pallikkunnu Church was built by a French priest Fr. Jefreno in 1908. Approximate distance to the church from Kalpetta is 14 kilometers. Pallikkunnu Church, Wayanad.co.in wayanad way beyond /PALLIKUNNU CHURCH Wayanad Pallikunnu Church Video by Illam creations
Andrews Thazhath
Mar Andrews Thazhath ܡܵܪܝ ܐܲܢܕܪܲܝܘܿܣ ܡܸܛܪܵܦܘܿܠܝܼܛܵܐ is an Indian Catholic Archbishop. He is the third and the present Metropolitan Archbishop of Syro-Malabar Catholic Archdiocese of Trichur from 2007, he was nominated as the Archbishop succeeding Mar Jacob Thoomkuzhy on 22 January 2007 and was installed to the office on 18 March 2007 by Cardinal Mar Varkey Vithayathil. Founder, Father & Head of Legion of Apostolic Families. LOAF is a Lay Pious Association of Consecrated Families founded by Mar Andrews Thazhath in the year 2009
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