Physical science is a branch of natural science that studies non-living systems, in contrast to life science. It in turn has many branches, each referred to as a "physical science", together called the "physical sciences". Physical science can be described as all of the following: A branch of science. A branch of natural science – natural science is a major branch of science that tries to explain and predict nature's phenomena, based on empirical evidence. In natural science, hypotheses must be verified scientifically to be regarded as scientific theory. Validity and social mechanisms ensuring quality control, such as peer review and repeatability of findings, are amongst the criteria and methods used for this purpose. Natural science can be broken into two main branches: physical science; each of these branches, all of their sub-branches, are referred to as natural sciences. Physics – natural and physical science that involves the study of matter and its motion through space and time, along with related concepts such as energy and force.

More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves. Branches of physics Astronomy – study of celestial objects, the physics and evolution of such objects, phenomena that originate outside the atmosphere of Earth, including supernovae explosions, gamma ray bursts, cosmic microwave background radiation. Branches of astronomy Chemistry – studies the composition, structure and change of matter. In this realm, chemistry deals with such topics as the properties of individual atoms, the manner in which atoms form chemical bonds in the formation of compounds, the interactions of substances through intermolecular forces to give matter its general properties, the interactions between substances through chemical reactions to form different substances. Branches of chemistry Earth science – all-embracing term referring to the fields of science dealing with planet Earth. Earth science is the study of how the natural environment works and how it evolved to its current state.

It includes the study of the atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere. Branches of Earth science History of physical science – history of the branch of natural science that studies non-living systems, in contrast to the life sciences, it in turn has many branches, each referred to as a "physical science", together called the "physical sciences". However, the term "physical" creates an unintended, somewhat arbitrary distinction, since many branches of physical science study biological phenomena. History of physics – history of the physical science that studies matter and its motion through space-time, related concepts such as energy and force History of acoustics – history of the study of mechanical waves in solids and gases History of agrophysics – history of the study of physics applied to agroecosystems History of soil physics – history of the study of soil physical properties and processes. History of astrophysics – history of the study of the physical aspects of celestial objects History of astronomy – history of the study of the universe beyond Earth, including its formation and development, the evolution, chemistry and motion of celestial objects and phenomena that originate outside the atmosphere of Earth.

History of astrodynamics – history of the application of ballistics and celestial mechanics to the practical problems concerning the motion of rockets and other spacecraft. History of astrometry – history of the branch of astronomy that involves precise measurements of the positions and movements of stars and other celestial bodies. History of cosmology – history of the discipline that deals with the nature of the Universe as a whole. History of extragalactic astronomy – history of the branch of astronomy concerned with objects outside our own Milky Way Galaxy History of galactic astronomy – history of the study of our own Milky Way galaxy and all its contents. History of physical cosmology – history of the study of the largest-scale structures and dynamics of the universe and is concerned with fundamental questions about its formation and evolution. History of planetary science – history of the scientific study of planets and planetary systems, in particular those of the Solar System and the processes that form them.

History of stellar astronomy – history of the natural science that deals with the study of celestial objects and phenomena that originate outside the atmosphere of Earth History of atmospheric physics – history of the study of the application of physics to the atmosphere History of atomic and optical physics – history of the study of how matter and light interact History of biophysics – history of the study of physical processes relating to biology History of medical physics – history of the application of physics concepts and methods to medicine. History of neurophysics – history of the branch of biophysics dealing with the nervous system. History of chemical physics – history of the branch of physics that studies chemical processes from the point of view of physics. History of computational physics – history of the study and implementation of numerical algorithms to solve problems in physics for which a quantitative theory exists. History of

After serving one term as U. S. President, Rutherford B. Hayes announced that he would not seek re-election in 1880. Thus, the 1880 election ended up being fought between Republican James A. Garfield, the winner, Democrat Winfield Scott Hancock. After winning control of both houses of the U. S. Congress in 1878, Democrats felt that voters could elect a Democrat as U. S. President for the first time in 24 years. Early frontrunner 1876 Democratic candidate and former New York Governor Samuel J. Tilden decided not to run because of his health and the opposition of Tammany Hall leader John Kelly. With Tilden's withdrawal, other Democrats entered the race. Senator Thomas Bayard of Delaware alienated soft-money supporters with his hard-money stance. House Speaker Samuel J. Randall was unwilling to campaign and further damaged by Tilden's refusal to endorse him. Meanwhile, 1868 Democratic nominee and former New York Governor Horatio Seymour declined to run again. Other candidates failed to attract significant support.

The party settled on former Union general Winfield Scott Hancock. He was acceptable to all factions of the party, had a reputation for integrity, had no negatives. Hancock won the Democratic nomination with 705 delegates on the second ballot at the 1880 Democratic National Convention. Former Indiana congressman William Hayden English was selected as Hancock's running mate; the 1880 Democratic platform was kept vague to hold the party together and avoid alienating any voters. During the campaign and the Democrats attacked James A. Garfield, the Republican nominee, for his involvement in the Credit Mobilier scandal and his alleged support of unlimited Chinese immigration as evidenced by the forged Morey letter, which Garfield publicly denied having written. Meanwhile, Republicans attacked the Democrats by associating them with the Confederacy and calling attention to their alleged support for low protective tariffs in contrast to Republican support for higher tariffs. Republicans made much of Hancock's statement that "the tariff question is a local question".

The former general had meant that it was for the voters to decide through their elected representatives in Congress, but it was used to suggest he did not understand the issue. Republicans avoided direct attacks on Hancock's character, instead focusing on his lack of political experience, they circulated partisan rumors about how he had plotted to overthrow President Lincoln during the Civil War and had engaged in corrupt business practices while serving in Louisiana during Reconstruction. Garfield ended up winning the popular vote by less than 0.1% although he took a 214–155 majority of the Electoral College. Garfield won New York and Connecticut, all of which had voted for Tilden in 1876, allowing him to defeat Hancock; the Morey letter may have helped Hancock narrowly win both California and Nevada

The Betsileo short-tailed rat is a species of rodent in the family Nesomyidae. It is found only in Madagascar, its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. Baillie, J. 1996. Brachyuromys betsileoensis. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 9 July 2007. Musser, G. G. and M. D. Carleton. 2005. Superfamily Muroidea. Pp. 894–1531 in Mammal Species of the World a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder eds. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore

Karl August Friedrich of Waldeck and Pyrmont was Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont and Commander of the Dutch forces in the War of Austrian Succession. Karl was the second son of Friedrich Anton Ulrich, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont and Countess Palatine Louise of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld, youngest child of Christian II, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld. In 1728 his father and his elder brother Christian Philip died, so he became Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont; the Waldecks had a tradition of military service in the Dutch Army. Prince Georg Friedrich of Waldeck had led the Dutch army in the War of the Grand Alliance. In the War of Austrian Succession, Karl was appointed as commander of the Dutch Army by the States-General of the Netherlands, as counterbalance to William IV, Prince of Orange, who relied on his brother-in-law the Duke of Cumberland; the Dutch army under Waldeck's command was defeated in the Battle of Fontenoy, the Battle of Rocoux and the Battle of Lauffeld. In 1746, Karl became Fieldmarshal of the Holy Roman Empire.

In Zweibrücken, on 19 August 1741, Karl August married his first cousin Countess Palatine Christiane Henriette of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld, daughter of Christian III, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken. The couple had seven children: Prince Charles of Waldeck and Pyrmont Friedrich Karl August, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont Christian August, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont, a Field Marshal in the Portuguese army George I, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont. "Genealogy Euweb". Genealogy. EU

Jonathan Shearer is a British media personality. He was the winner of the BBC television series Castaway 2007. Nomad, jack-of-all-trades, cynic, Shearer was born in Glasgow, he had started several degrees, having studied Chemical Engineering at University of Edinburgh and Law at University of Kent, Education at University of Cambridge and Zoology at University of Leeds. For many years he lived an itinerant lifestyle in countries such as Ethiopia, Thailand, Vietnam and Nigeria, is a skilled linguist, speaking Portuguese and Spanish. Whilst having spent much time as a teacher, he worked as a professional psychic, sewer digger, zoo-keeper, dog trainer, RSPB officer and tarot card reader, he has taught rifle shooting to delinquents and carried out refuge work for the Lumholtz's tree kangaroo. He considered becoming a monk, but admits that "the monks didn't want me." Shearer is resident in Beijing where he copy-edits for Xinhua News Agency. Shearer has been engaged at least five times. A self-confessed loner, at the time of the program, Jonathan was living on the island of Benbecula in Scotland, cleaning hotel rooms to support his poorly paid ornithology work for the RSPB.

He says: "I have a strong dislike for the kind of earnest, touchy-feely idiots whom I suspect you are going to populate your island with." Jonathan made it to the grand final on 27 May and won Castaway 2007. During the filming of Castaway, Jonathan Was booted out of the communal sleeping hut and moved into the potting shed, creating his own little home there. Gave away his food rations and warm clothing to those going on the treacherous fishing trips Was at the centre of controversy for many episodes after he failed to help Hassan Kobeissi on a joint mission that sparked fury when the other Castaways found out. Insulted Wendy Mitchell about her culinary skills, despite her cooking for the whole time of their stay on the island. Concealed the location of a water well to all but'Lil Al', after there was a water shortage due to Hassan Kobeissi breaking the water tank. Should have been voted out by fellow Castaways in the third week when he and Jason Ross gained the most votes in a vote-out; the production team, unbeknown to the television audience, allowed Lucinda King to change her vote hours after she had decided to vote for Jonathan to leave the island permanently.

As a result, Jason had to leave with a 1-vote majority 7-6. Https://web.archive.org/web/20100702052622/http://planet-of-death.com/

Praedictix AerisWeather LLC WeatherNation, LLC Broadcast Weather, is owned by Paul Douglas and Todd Frostad and is based in Excelsior, Minnesota. Paul Douglas first had the idea for outsourced weather production in 1979 but shelved it due to the expected high cost for satellite feeds. With his lay off from WCCO-TV in 2008, Douglas started WeatherNation as broadband's availability decreased the costs. Douglas was CEO and Todd Frostad of Digital River and a commercial real estate businessman, was president and co-owner; the company hired 5 other meteorologists. One of the company's first client was the St. Cloud Times who signed on during the summer of 2009. Another was KARE in launching its Weather Now subchannel. In 2009 Media Logic, WeatherNation's parent company, purchased an Atlanta based company. By November 2009, the company had about two dozen clients with some being Spanish stations. WeatherNation signed on Independent News Network which uses the company for five of its Spanish language client stations.

On May 20, 2010, the company launched The Weather Cast, a channel developed for Dish Network with the intent to replace The Weather Channel on the satellite provider. Dish, negotiating with the channel on a new carriage agreement, had planned to drop The Weather Channel as a result of a dispute over a planned increase in retransmission consent payments and the provider's dissatisfaction with the channel's decreased reliance on weather forecasts in favor of reality and other entertainment programming. Weather Cast existed for four days, ceasing operations on May 24, when The Weather Channel reached a multi-year agreement with Dish Network; the company licensed its WeatherNation trademarks and brand to Performance One Media in 2010 and changed its name to Broadcast Weather. Broadcast Weather was contracted to produce the WeatherNation programming. With the license out of the Weather Nation trademarks, the company was split into four companies, Broadcast Weather LLC, Ham Weather LLC, Smart Energy LLC and Singular Logic.

In June 2010, the company with Insight Communications launched CN2 cable channel to serve the state of Kentucky providing the weather. By Mid-August 2011, Broadcast Weather was providing weather video to Bay News, a San Francisco Bay area iPad-only news service. On August 1, 2016, Whether or Knot, LLC announced its acquisition of HAMWeather's assets. Via an announcement on the HAMWeather site, it was announced that AerisWeather was to become the trade name for the future developments in their weather API and mapping products; the entity that owned AerisWeather was renamed Praedictix. Broadcast Weather, LLC provides TV station weather reports Ham Weather LLC, development of graphics, data streams and mobile API’s Smart Energy LLC, wind forecasts for wind farms Singular Logic, patent or patent pending holder of user choice advertising www.aerisweather.com