1.
Para Para Paradise
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Konami would later release Dance Evolution for the Xbox 360, game that shares many similarities with Para Para Paradise. In fact, the game includes songs with Para Para routines. The music used in Para Para Paradise is exclusively fast-paced Eurobeat, the majority of tracks are true Para Para tracks from the Avex Trax record label, such as Velfarre 2000, Anniversary and Boom Boom Fire. A portion of the songs are Eurobeat remixes of other Bemani tracks such as CANT STOP FALLIN IN LOVE, there are also two songs that are J-EURO remixes, remixes of J-pop songs. A Korean version of ParaParaParadise, called ParaParaDancing was also released, the songlist was changed to feature more Korean music, including a song by S. E. S. Hold On Me, sung in Korean, was originally in Japanese, ParaParaDancing also features the ability to play on the reverse side of the stage by setting the machine to sense on the rear 5 out of the total 8 sensors, facing the spectators instead. The developers of MAME have been working on a way to emulate the arcade machine on a computer, since then,14 other FireBeat games have been dumped, although they still remain marked as not working in MAME. The open-source music game StepMania also has support for ParaParaParadise, and CVS versions of version 4.0 support the PS2 versions controller, on release, Famitsu magazine scored the PlayStation 2 version of the game a 31 out of 40
2.
Potter Puppet Pals
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Potter Puppet Pals is a puppet show web series parodying the Harry Potter novel series by JK Rowling, created by Neil Cicierega. The first two episodes were animated, both released in 2003 on Newgrounds, on September 26,2006, the series was re-launched on YouTube under Cicieregas page as Potions Class. Six more episodes were released by Cicierega between 2006 and 2009, approximately one year after the seventh episode was released, a new video appeared on Neils channel announcing an exclusive Potter Puppet Pals channel. On the same day, three videos were released on this page. The Potter Puppet Pals make appearances at some Harry Potter parties, both the original animated episodes, as well as the first seven live-action episodes, have been published to the official Potter Puppet Pals webpage. Much of the derived from the series originates from Cicieregas unique interpretation of the principal Harry Potter characters. Some characters are given personalities designed to contrast completely with their attitudes in the Harry Potter books, Cicieregas Harry is portrayed as an extremely brash, arrogant, and vain teenager who is rife with boyish attitude, while Dumbledore is a nudist. Other times, an aspect of the stories is blown out of proportion for comedic effect, such as Hermione Grangers love of reading. In the episode Snapes Diary, Hermione remarks, I know a thing or two books, and thats a book. The Mysterious Ticking Noise, released March 23,2007, was the 22nd most-viewed video on YouTube as of January 1,2013 with over 137.5 million views. The video was nominated and won in the Comedy category in the 2008 YouTube Awards with 61. 6% of the votes in that category. In the video, Severus Snape hears a strange ticking and, noticing it has a rhythm, begins singing to it, followed by Dumbledore, Ron Weasley, Hermione Granger. Towards the end, Ron discovers that the source of the ticking is a bomb that explodes as they celebrate. At the New York premiere of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Part 2, Alan Rickman was interviewed by MTV and quoted as saying “ is very beautifully done, can you get rich from that. Daniel Radcliffe also mentioned in an interview by MTV that the cast of the Harry Potter should do a live version of The Mysterious Ticking Noise for a charity. Potter Puppet Pals Website Potterpuppetpals YouTube Page Neil Cicierega YouTube Page
3.
Dynamics (music)
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In music, dynamics are instructions in musical notation to the performer about the loudness at which to play a note or phrase. More generally, dynamics may also include aspects of the execution of a given piece. The two basic dynamic indications in music are, p or piano, meaning soft, more subtle degrees of loudness or softness are indicated by, mp, standing for mezzo-piano, meaning half soft. Mf, standing for mezzo-forte, meaning half loud, più p, standing for più piano and meaning softer. Più f, standing for più forte and meaning louder, use of up to three consecutive fs or ps is also common, pp, standing for pianissimo and meaning very soft. Ff, standing for fortissimo and meaning very loud, ppp, standing for pianississimo and meaning very very soft. Fff, standing for fortississimo and meaning very loud. Some pieces contain dynamic designations with more than three consecutive fs or ps, in Holsts The Planets, ffff occurs twice in Mars and once in Uranus often punctuated by organ and fff occurs several times throughout the work. It also appears in Heitor Villa-Lobos Bachianas Brasileiras No,4, and in Liszts Fantasy and Fugue on the chorale Ad nos, ad salutarem undam. Igor Stravinsky used ffff at the end of the finale of the Firebird Suite, ffff is also found in a prelude by Rachmaninoff, op. 3-2. Shostakovich even went as loud as fffff in his fourth symphony, gustav Mahler, in the third movement of his Seventh Symphony, gives the celli and basses a marking of fffff, along with a footnote directing pluck so hard that the strings hit the wood. On another extreme, Carl Nielsen, in the movement of his Symphony No. 5, marked a passage for woodwinds a diminuendo to ppppp, another more extreme dynamic is in György Ligetis Études No. 13, which has at one point a ffffff and progresses to a ffffffff, in the baritone passage Era la notte from his opera Otello, Verdi uses pppp. Steane and others suggest that such markings are in reality a strong reminder to less than subtle singers to at least sing softly rather than an instruction to the singer actually to attempt a pppp, dynamic indications of this kind are relative, not absolute. Mp does not indicate a level of volume, it merely indicates that music in a passage so marked should be a little louder than p. Interpretations of dynamic levels are mostly to the performer, in the Barber Piano Nocturne. Another instance of performers discretion in this piece occurs when the hand is shown to crescendo to a f
4.
Pier Paolo Pasolini
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Pier Paolo Pasolini was an Italian film director, poet, writer and intellectual. Pasolini also distinguished himself as an actor, journalist, philosopher, novelist, playwright, painter and his murder prompted an outcry in some circles of Italy, with its circumstances continuing to be a matter of heated debate. Pasolini was born in Bologna, traditionally one of the most leftist politically of Italian cities and he was the son of Carlo Alberto Pasolini, a lieutenant of the Italian army, and Susanna Colussi, an elementary school teacher. His parents married in 1921, Pasolini was born in 1922 and his family moved to Conegliano in 1923 and, two years later, to Belluno, where another son, Guidalberto, was born. In 1926, Pasolinis father was arrested for gambling debts and his mother moved with the children to her familys house in Casarsa della Delizia, in the Friuli region. That same year, his father Carlo Alberto, first detained, at any rate, Carlo Alberto was persuaded of the virtues of fascism. Pasolini began writing poems at the age of seven, inspired by the beauty of Casarsa. One of his influences was the work of Arthur Rimbaud. In 1931, his father was transferred to Idria in the Julian March, in 1933 they moved again to Cremona in Lombardy, and later to Scandiano and Reggio Emilia. Pasolini found it difficult to adapt to all moves, though in the meantime he enlarged his poetry and literature readings. In the Reggio Emilia high school, he met his first true friend, the two met again in Bologna, where Pasolini spent seven years while completing high school, here he cultivated new passions, including football. With other friends, including Ermes Parini, Franco Farolfi, Elio Meli, in 1939 Pasolini graduated and entered the Literature College of the University of Bologna, discovering new themes such as philology and aesthetics of figurative arts. He also frequented the cinema club. Pasolini always showed his friends a virile and strong exterior, totally hiding his interior travail and he took part in the Fascist governments culture and sports competitions. In his poems of this period, Pasolini started to include fragments in Friulan, I learnt it as a sort of mystic act of love, a kind of félibrisme, like the Provençal poets. After the summer in Casarsa, in 1941 Pasolini published at his own expense a collection of poems in Friulan, the work was noted and appreciated by intellectuals and critics such as Gianfranco Contini, Alfonso Gatto and Antonio Russi. His pictures had also been well received, Pasolini was chief editor of the Il Setaccio magazine, but was fired after conflicts with the director, who was aligned with the Fascist regime. A trip to Germany helped him also to perceive the status of Italian culture in that era
5.
Purchasing power parity
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Observed deviations of the exchange rate from purchasing power parity are measured by deviations of the real exchange rate from its PPP value of 1. PPP exchange rates help to minimize misleading international comparisons that can arise with the use of exchange rates. For example, suppose that two countries produce the same amounts of goods as each other in each of two different years. But if one countrys GDP is converted into the countrys currency using PPP exchange rates instead of observed market exchange rates. The idea originated with the School of Salamanca in the 16th century, the best-known purchasing power adjustment is the Geary–Khamis dollar. The real exchange rate is equal to the nominal exchange rate. If purchasing power parity held exactly, then the exchange rate would always equal one. However, in practice the exchange rates exhibit both short run and long run deviations from this value, for example due to reasons illuminated in the Balassa–Samuelson theorem. There can be marked differences between purchasing power adjusted incomes and those converted via market exchange rates. This discrepancy has large implications, for instance, when converted via the exchange rates GDP per capita in India is about US$1,965 while on a PPP basis it is about US$7,197. At the other extreme, Denmarks nominal GDP per capita is around US$62,100, the purchasing power parity exchange rate serves two main functions. PPP exchange rates can be useful for making comparisons between countries because they stay fairly constant from day to day or week to week and only change modestly, if at all, from year to year. The PPP exchange-rate calculation is controversial because of the difficulties of finding comparable baskets of goods to compare purchasing power across countries, people in different countries typically consume different baskets of goods. It is necessary to compare the cost of baskets of goods and this is a difficult task because purchasing patterns and even the goods available to purchase differ across countries. Thus, it is necessary to make adjustments for differences in the quality of goods, furthermore, the basket of goods representative of one economy will vary from that of another, Americans eat more bread, Chinese more rice. Hence a PPP calculated using the US consumption as a base will differ from that calculated using China as a base, additional statistical difficulties arise with multilateral comparisons when more than two countries are to be compared. Various ways of averaging bilateral PPPs can provide a stable multilateral comparison. These are all issues of indexing, as with other price indices there is no way to reduce complexity to a single number that is equally satisfying for all purposes
6.
Pesticide
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Pesticides are substances that are meant to control pests or weeds. The most common of these are herbicides which account for approximately 80% of all pesticide use, most pesticides are intended to serve as plant protection products, which in general, protect plants from weeds, fungi, or insects. In general, a pesticide is a chemical or biological agent that deters, incapacitates, kills, or otherwise discourages pests. Target pests can include insects, plant pathogens, weeds, mollusks, birds, mammals, fish, nematodes, although pesticides have benefits, some also have drawbacks, such as potential toxicity to humans and other species. According to the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants,9 of the 12 most dangerous, the term includes substances intended for use as a plant growth regulator, defoliant, desiccant, or agent for thinning fruit or preventing the premature fall of fruit. Also used as substances applied to either before or after harvest to protect the commodity from deterioration during storage. Pesticides can be classified by target organism, chemical structure, biopesticides include microbial pesticides and biochemical pesticides. Plant-derived pesticides, or botanicals, have been developing quickly and these include the pyrethroids, rotenoids, nicotinoids, and a fourth group that includes strychnine and scilliroside. Many pesticides can be grouped into chemical families, prominent insecticide families include organochlorines, organophosphates, and carbamates. Organochlorine hydrocarbons could be separated into dichlorodiphenylethanes, cyclodiene compounds, and they operate by disrupting the sodium/potassium balance of the nerve fiber, forcing the nerve to transmit continuously. Their toxicities vary greatly, but they have phased out because of their persistence. Organophosphate and carbamates largely replaced organochlorines, both operate through inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, allowing acetylcholine to transfer nerve impulses indefinitely and causing a variety of symptoms such as weakness or paralysis. Organophosphates are quite toxic to vertebrates, and have in some cases replaced by less toxic carbamates. Thiocarbamate and dithiocarbamates are subclasses of carbamates, prominent families of herbicides include phenoxy and benzoic acid herbicides, triazines, ureas, and Chloroacetanilides. Phenoxy compounds tend to selectively kill broad-leaf weeds rather than grasses, the phenoxy and benzoic acid herbicides function similar to plant growth hormones, and grow cells without normal cell division, crushing the plants nutrient transport system. Many commonly used pesticides are not included in these families, including glyphosate, Pesticides can be classified based upon their biological mechanism function or application method. Most pesticides work by poisoning pests, a systemic pesticide moves inside a plant following absorption by the plant. With insecticides and most fungicides, this movement is usually upward and outward, increased efficiency may be a result
7.
Parley P. Pratt
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Parley Parker Pratt Sr. was an early leader of the Latter Day Saint movement whose writings became a significant early nineteenth-century exposition of the Latter Day Saint faith. Named in 1835 as one of the first members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, Pratt has been called the Apostle Paul of Mormonism for his promotion of distinctive Mormon doctrines. Pratt explored and surveyed Parleys Canyon in Salt Lake City, Utah and he was murdered in 1857 by the estranged husband of his twelfth wife. He had a total of 30 children, and his descendants in 2011 were estimated to number 30,000 to 50,000. Pratt was born in Burlington, New York, to Jared Pratt and his wife Charity Dickinson and he married Thankful Halsey in Canaan, New York, on September 9,1827. The young couple migrated west, where they settled near Cleveland, Ohio, in Ohio, Pratt became a member of the Reformed Baptist Society, also called Disciples of Christ, influenced by the preaching of Sidney Rigdon. Pratt soon decided to take up the Disciples ministry as a profession, while traveling to visit family in western New York, Pratt read a copy of the Book of Mormon owned by a Baptist deacon. Convinced of its authenticity, he traveled to Palmyra, and spoke to Hyrum Smith, Pratt was baptized in Seneca Lake by Oliver Cowdery on or about September 1,1830, formally joining the Latter Day Saints church. He was ordained to the office of an elder in the church, continuing on to his familys home, he introduced his younger brother, Orson Pratt, to Mormonism and baptized him on September 19,1830. Arriving in Fayette, New York, in October 1830, Pratt met Joseph Smith and was asked to join a group assigned to preach to the Native American tribes on the Missouri frontier. During the trip west, he and his companions stopped to visit Sidney Rigdon and they were instrumental in converting Rigdon and approximately 130 members of his congregation within three weeks. In early 1833, Pratt served as a missionary in Illinois, in the fall of 1833, he served as president of the Mormon branch number 8 in Jackson County and as a leader in the Mormon militia. He was among those Latter Day Saints driven into Clay County, Missouri, in February 1834, Pratt and Lyman Wight headed back to Kirtland to report on the events in Missouri to Joseph Smith. From Kirtland, Pratt traveled with Smith in Pennsylvania and western New York, after traveling together for three weeks, during some of this time with Pratt serving as Smiths scribe, Smith returned to Kirtland from Geneseo, New York, for a court case. Pratt continued his missionary efforts along with Henry Brown, Pratt and Brown went to eastern New York to give his family members money to move to Kirtland. They went to Richland, New York, where Pratt convinced Wilford Woodruff, Pratt returned to Missouri later in 1834 as a member of Zions Camp. After Zions Camp broke up, Pratt rejoined his wife Thankful, while working as a day laborer, Pratt served on the Missouri High Council. Thankful had run up debts in Pratts absence, and when he returned with her to Ohio, some felt he was trying to flee his creditors
8.
Pakistan Peoples Party
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The Pakistan Peoples Party is a left-wing, socialist, and progressivist political party of Pakistan. Since its foundation in 1967, it had been a major and influential political left-wing force in the country and its centre of power lies in the southern province of Sindh. Since its formation in 1967, the PPP has been voted into power on five separate occasions. It dominated the politics of Pakistan during the 1970s, and after the re-establishment of Pakistan Muslim League, until the disqualification of Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gillani by the Supreme Court in 2012, the PPP was regarded as the most influential political party in the country. It is currently the largest opposition party in the National Assembly, the party maintains its status as the governing party in its stronghold province of Sindh, as well as the majority party in the Senate. The PPP was launched at its founding convention held in Lahore on November 30, at the same meeting, Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto was elected as its Chairman. Among the express goals for which the party was formed were the establishment of an egalitarian democracy, a more immediate task was to struggle against the hated dictatorship of General Ayub Khan, who was at the height of his power when the PPP was formed. The Pakistan Peoples Party was founded by members of the now-defunct Pakistan Socialist Party. In the 1960s, support for socialism as well as opposition to President Ayub Khans pro-Western/pro-American policies mounted in West-Pakistan, Khans unpopularity continued to grow following his decision to sign the Tashkent Agreement with rival India, in an effort to end the Indo-Pakistani war of 1965. It called for equality of citizens fraternity under the rule of democracy, within an order of social. In 1968, a massive program was launched by the party. Bhuttos program directly targeted the countrys poverty-stricken masses, the working class and labour movement quickly flocked to the party, believing it to be a party dedicated to the destruction of capitalism in the country. Many other members of society who had felt stifled and repressed by the press-control, the partys manifesto also attracted the countrys numerous sectarian minorities, who quickly joined the party. Eventually, the socialist-oriented catchphrase Roti, Kapra aur Makan, became a nationwide rallying-call for the party, by the 1970s, the Pakistan Peoples Party had become the largest and most influential leading socialist and democratic entity in the country. The party published its ideas in its newspapers, such as Nusrat, Fatah, after its foundation, the party gained prominence at an immediate, gravitating the poor mass, peasants and workers, and students throughout in West Pakistan. During this time, the Peoples Party intensified its support in West Pakistan, organizing itself and its socialist rationale Roti Kapra Aur Makaan and all power to the people, further popularize the party and the prominence that arise Bhutto and the Peoples Party. Tensions arisen with Peoples League and Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the ideological differences further created hatred towards each other. The situation reached to a climax in 1970 where Awami League secured 160 seats out of 300 where the Peoples Party winning the 81 of 138 seats allocated to West Pakistan in the National Assembly
9.
Qaumi Watan Party
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PPP–S was named after its leader Aftab Ahmad Sherpao. Differences had cropped up between PPP Chairperson Benazir Bhutto and Senior Leader Aftab Ahmad Sherpao in 1999 and the latter was expelled from the PPP by the former, thus creating PPP–S. In October 2012, it was renamed to Qaumi Watan Party when it changed its political agenda, the name and manifesto of the party were formally changed on October 17,2012. It was renamed from Pakistan Peoples Party–Sherpao to Qaumi Watan Party, the tri-color flag was also changed by replacing the green color with white. Aftab Ahmad Sherpao said Qaumi Watan Party will work for rights of the Pashtuns of the region, including Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Karachi, Balochistan. At the legislative elections of 20 October 2002, Pakistan Peoples Party–Sherpao won 0. 3% of the vote and 2 out of 272 elected members. In the 2008 general election, the party won only 1 seat in the National Assembly, on the other hand, it won 6 provincial assembly seats, all in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province. This made the Qaumi Watan Party the fourth largest party in the KPK Assembly, the tricolor red-black-white flag of the party exactly resembles the flag of the Kingdom of Afghanistan during the regime of Emir Habibullah Kalakani. The same colors were used by the Mongols when occupying present-day Afghanistan in the 13th century. The QWP initially joined the government in the KPK province as a junior party of Imran Khans PTI. The PTI then parted ways on suspicions of corruption by QWP ministers, PTI criticized QWP for such an act as the letter contained errors and the signature of Imran Khan was seem to be different from the original one. Shireen Mazari condemned the letter in a press release. Official site Qaumi Watan Party on Facebook Qaumi Watan Party on Twitter
10.
Palestinian People's Party
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The Palestinian Peoples Party, founded in 1982 as the Palestinian Communist Party, is a socialist political party in the Palestinian territories and among the Palestinian diaspora. The original-named Palestine Communist Party had been founded in 1919 and it established a strong position in the Palestinian trade union movement and retained considerable popularity in the West Bank during the 1970s, but its support subsequently declined. In the Gaza strip a separate Palestinian communist organization was established, in February,1982, prominent Palestinian communists held a conference and re-established the Palestinian Communist Party. The new party established relations with the Palestine Liberation Organization, a PCP member was included in the Executive Committee of the PLO in April that year. PCP was the sole PLO member not based amongst the fedayeen organizations, the PCP was one of the four components of the Unified National Leadership of the First Intifada, and played an important role in mobilizing grassroots support for the uprising. The party, under the leadership of Bashir Barghouti, played an important role in reevaluating Marxism-Leninism as a political philosophy earlier than other communist organisations in the region. In 2002, the then general secretary, Mustafa Barghouti left it with some supporters to found the Palestinian National Initiative. In the January 2005 presidential election, the partys candidate Bassam as-Salhi received 2. 67% of the vote and it received 2. 8% of the popular vote and won two of the Councils 132 seats. Bashir Barghouti Hannah Amireh, Abdel Majid Hamadan, Mustafa Barghouti Bassam Al-Salhi Suleiman Al-Najjab, list of political parties in the Palestinian National Authority Palestine Communist Party / WWW. PPP. PS
11.
United Development Party
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The United Development Party is a political party in Indonesia. It is an Islamist party led by Suryadharma Ali until 2014, from 2014 to 2016 the party had been split up in dispute over its chairmanship. In April 2016, Romahurmuziy was declared a new chairman after a reconciliation congress, ten political parties participated in the 1971 Legislative Elections, a number that President Suharto considered to be too much. Suharto wished that political parties be reduced to just two or three and that the parties should be grouped based on their programs. The basis for the merger that would result in the birth of the PPP was a coalition of the four Islamic Parties in the Peoples Representative Council called the United Development Faction. This faction consisted of Nahdatul Ulama, the Muslim Party of Indonesia, the Islamic Association Party of Indonesia, despite this formal merging of the parties however, internal PPP politics under the Suharto government were dominated by the differing priorities of the original groups that formed the party. In the mid-1970s, popular support for Suhartos regime was rapidly waning, when Suharto had seized power with a bloody military coup in 1965 and ousted President Sukarno, the Islamic groups had supported Suharto and aided in persecuting his political opponents. But as the regime had become corrupt and even more authoritarian, as the 1977 Legislative Elections approached, many began to seek for other options to vote for aside from the government-backed Golkar. Worried that the PPP might win the Legislative Elections, Suharto played on the fears of the people by having ABRI arrest a group of people who claimed to be associated with the Jihad Commando. Golkar would go on to win the Legislative Elections with 62% with PPP coming second with 27% of the votes, the PPP however, would not sit back and accept defeat. At the 1978 MPR General Session, PPP member Chalid Mawardi launched a scathing criticism of Suhartos regime, Mawardi accused the Government of being anti-Muslim, complained about the governments violent crackdown of dissent, and alleged that the 1977 Legislative Election was won because of electoral fraud. PPP members also conducted a walkout when Suharto referred to religions as streams of beliefs. The PPP seemed to have cemented itself a status as the strongest opposition party and it would not last long however. In 1984, NU, under its Chairman, Abdurrahman Wahid withdrew from the PPP, the PPP vote share fell down from almost 28% in the 1982 Legislative Elections to 16% in the 1987 Legislative Elections. The PPP was also forced by the government to replace its ideology of Islam with the ideology of Pancasila. As a result, the party replaced its logo showing the Kabah shrine in Mecca with a star, at the 1988 MPR General Session, Jaelani Naro, the PPP Chairman, was nominated as vice-president. Suharto, who had elected to the Presidency for a 5th term at the aforementioned General Session intervened. He cited a decision that the MPR made in 1973 that one of the criteria for a vice-president was that he should be able to work with the President, Suharto also conducted discussions with Naro and convinced him to withdraw the nomination
12.
People's Party of Panama
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Not to be confused with the Peoples Party of the same country. Peoples Party of Panama is a communist party in Panama and it was founded on 4 April 1930 as the Communist Party of Panama, after Panamian communists broke away from the Labour Party. Early leaders of the PCP included Eliseo Echévez and Cristóbal Segundo, the PCP joined the Communist International and reached its apogee of popularity during and right after World War II. In 1943 the PCP changed its name to the Peoples Party of Panama, the small but well-organized party then exerted considerable influence on the Panamanian Federation of Students and on the trade union movements in Panama and the Canal Zone. It long controlled the Trade Union Federation of Workers of Panama, after World War II the party concentrated on attacking the United States presence in Panama, leading the Panamanian government to crack down on it and then outlaw it in 1953. Subsequently, Communist influence in Panamas trade unions declined greatly and many party members defected to other groups, in the mid-1960s, the U. S. State Department estimated the partys membership to be approximately 400. It resisted the formation of the broader based Democratic Revolutionary Party, the party was permitted to operate semi-publicly. In 1979 it applied for recognition and, with some 77,000 members, was easily able to demonstrate the required level of support. One of its candidates, running as an independent, obtained a Legislative Council seat in 1980, in 1984 the party broke from the pro-government National Democratic Union coalition because UNADE no longer followed the reformist ideas of Omar Torrijos. The PPP ran its own candidate in 1984, in 1989 it allied with the National Liberation Coalition. Since 1951 the General Secretary of the PPP has been Ruben Darío Sousa Batista, the PPP was derecognized by the Electoral Tribunal on 1 July 1991
13.
People's Party of Punjab
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Manpreet later merged the party with the congress after meeting party vice-president Rahul Gandhi. Manpreet Singh Badal resigned his seat in the Punjab Legislative Assembly prior to announcing the new party, the 2012 state election was the first to be contested by the party. It allied with the Communist Party of India, the Communist Party of India, Badal was the chief ministerial candidate of the coalition. The Sanjha Morcha was unsuccessful in winning any of the seats it had contested despite garnering an approximate share of 6% of the votes polled
14.
People's Political Power Party of Canada
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The People’s Political Power Party of Canada was a fringe Canadian federal political party that is no longer recognized by Elections Canada. The party became eligible for registration on April 26,2006, the partys last leader was Anna-Maria Everett, and its national headquarters is in Winnipeg, Manitoba. According to its party platform, the party is neither socialist nor capitalistic, but is a Centre party to first bring value as top priority to woman, the mother, mothers to-be, mothers that were. The party further intends to remove poverty, promises that Canada will never become a military zone, in terms of environmental issues, the party believes that there is no reason for over population, much less of poverty. When you bring respect for women in the family, you have all these problems resolved, abortion, the party had registered two candidates for the 2008 federal election. List of political parties in Canada Poverty in Canada Peoples Political Power of Canada homepage
15.
People's Power Party (Thailand)
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The Peoples Power Party is a defunct Thai political party. The party leader was Somchai Wongsawat, the Party Secretary General was Surapong Suebwonglee, most MPs of the party originally hailed from the Thai Rak Thai Party and thus the party was its de facto reincarnation with former prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra as its leader. The PPP had a populist platform and was strong in the North, Central, the party became the leader of the coalition government after the junta-government supported 2007 general election. PAD, the leading anti-Thaksin movement, vowed to oppose it after the party decided to launch the amendment of the 2007 Constitution, in December 2008, the party came under fire as its deputy chairman, Yongyuth Tiyapairat, faced charges of electoral fraud concerning the 2007 general election. These charges led to its dissolution by the verdict of the Constitutional Court in December 2008. On 29 July 2007, some former Thai Rak Thai party members, after the party was disbanded following a coup and this occurred after the Thai Rak Thai Party was dissolved by the Thai Supreme Court on May 30,2007. It also follows the ban on participating in politics from 111 former TRT party politicians such as former leader Thaksin Shinawatra, after some former TRT members joined the PPP, the junta allegedly issued a classified order to suppress the activities of the Party. The order was leaked to the public, leading to a complaint to the Election Commission from the PPP. The Electoral Commission had deployed 200,000 soldiers and police to maintain security and 1,500 officers to watch for election fraud during the December 23,2007 general election. Charnchai Silapauaychai, a popular former Democrat Party member from Phrae who defected to the PPP for the 2008 election, was assassinated, five men, one of them cousin of a powerful Democrat Party MP were arrested, but all of them denied involvement. Samak Sundaravejs 5-month-old government was in trouble on July 10,2008, after Pattama. Its deputy leader Yongyuth Tiyapairat, was banned from politics for 5 years, then, Chiya Sasomsub was removed from office by another top court, for illegally concealing his wifes assets. The Constitutional Court ruled on July 8 that Noppadon and the entire cabinet violated the charter by failing to ask parliamentary approval for an agreement with Cambodia. Noppadon signed the agreement on June, to support Cambodias bid to seek World Heritage status for the 900-year-old Preah Vihear temple, the Opposition filed a petition with deputy Senate Speaker Nikom Wairatpanit to impeach Noppadon Pattama over Preah Vihear Temple issue. Sathit Wongnongtoei submitted 141 signatures of MPs, Noppadon was accused of violating Article 190 and 270 of the Constitution. The Opposition filed the motion of no confidence before Noppadon stepped down, the PPPs policies were continuations of the populist social welfare policies of the former Thai Rak Thai government. The PPP has promised to offer amnesty for all banned TRT politicians including Thaksin Shinawatra, Thaksin Shinawatra and his family currently face multiple charges of corruption including telecommunications, property and family deals. The PPPs primary voter bases were the former TRT strongholds of the North, Northeast, East, the Supreme Court heard a claim that the PPP is essentially a proxy of the banned political party Thai Rak Thai, and should thus be banned
16.
Polish Underground State
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The first elements of the Underground State were established in the final days of the German invasion of Poland that began in September 1939. The Underground State encompassed not only military resistance, one of the largest in the world, although the Underground State enjoyed broad support throughout much of the war, it was not supported or recognized by the far left. Influence of the communists eventually declined amid military reversals and the hostility of the USSR. The Soviet Union had created an alternative, puppet government in 1944, during the Soviet-backed communist takeover of Poland at the end of the war, many Underground State members were prosecuted as alleged traitors and died in captivity. Ultimately, hundreds of thousands of people were involved with various agencies of the Underground State. The rationale behind the creation of the civilian authority drew on the fact that the German. Hence, all created by the occupying powers were considered illegal. During the Cold War era, research on the Underground State was curtailed by Polish communist officials, hence, until recently, the bulk of research done on this topic was carried out by Polish scholars living in exile. In many respects, the history of the Polish Underground State mirrors that of the Polish non-communist resistance in general, SZP founder General Michał Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski received orders from Polish Commander-in-Chief Marshal Edward Rydz-Śmigły to organize and carry out the struggle in occupied Poland. This government was recognized by France and the United Kingdom. Raczkiewicz, described as weak and indecisive, held little influence compared to charismatic Sikorski. Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski supported that move, aiming to include parties marginalized by the Sanacja regime, Sikorski named General Kazimierz Sosnkowski the head of the ZWZ and Colonel Stefan Rowecki was appointed the commander of the ZWZ German occupation zone. Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski became the commander of the ZWZ Soviet zone, but was arrested in March 1940 by the Soviets when attempting to cross the new German-Soviet border, in June Sikorski appointed Rowecki as the commander of both zones. Sikorskis government opted for a more democratic procedure then the less democratic prewar Sanacja regime. The National Council was formed by the government in exile in December 1939, the structures in occupied Poland maintained close communication with the government in exile, through radio communications and hundreds, if not thousands of couriers, such as Jan Karski. The post of the Delegate could be seen as equivalent to that of a Deputy Prime Minister, unlike the GRP and PKP, which operated alongside the military structures but had no influence over them, the Delegation had budgetary control over the military. The Delegation was to oversee the military, and recreate the civilian administration, as early as 1940, the Underground States civilian arm was actively supporting underground education, it then set out to develop social security, information and justice networks. By 1942, most of the differences between politicians in occupied Poland and those in exile had been positively settled, by 1943, the PKP had evolved into the Home Political Representation, which served as the basis of the Council of National Unity, created on 9 January 1944
17.
Public Policy Polling
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Public Policy Polling is a U. S. Democratic polling firm based in Raleigh, North Carolina, PPP was founded in 2001 by businessman Dean Debnam, the firms current president and chief executive officer. PPP first entered prominence through its performance in the 2008 Democratic primaries between Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton, the company performed well, producing accurate predictions in states ranging from South Carolina to Wisconsin, many of which featured inaccurate results by other pollsters. After the November election, PPP was ranked by the Wall Street Journal as one of the two most accurate firms, among those who were most active in the swing states. PPP was praised for its accuracy in polling primaries and special elections, the contests they accurately predicted include the West Virginia gubernatorial primaries, special elections in New York and California, as well as all eight Wisconsin recall elections. In the 2016 Presidential Election, PPPs final polls widely missed the mark in several key swing states, including New Hampshire, North Carolina, Pennsylvania and their polls also significantly underestimated President Trumps lead in Ohio, and incorrectly predicted Hillary Clinton to win Florida. The companys surveys use Interactive Voice Response, a questionnaire used by other polling firms such as SurveyUSA. The journalist Nate Cohn has criticized the methodology as being unscientific. In 2013 columnist Nate Cohn described PPP as a pollster, although according to statistician Nate Silver. As of February 11th,2017 Silvers website, FiveThirtyEight, gives PPP a B+ grade in its pollster ranking
18.
Mesoamerica Project
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The initiative was championed by the then president of Mexico, Vicente Fox, and agreed to by the governments of the respective participating nations. Transport • The International Network of Mesoamerican Highway • The Mesoamerican Integration Corridor • The Regional Bridges Programme • Short Sea Shipping Maritime Transport in Mesoamerica 2, telecommunications • The Mesoamerican Information Highway 4. The Puebla-Panama Plan was first announced by Mexicos President Vicente Fox on March 12,2001, in March 2004, Fox officially announced the relaunch of the PPP. Among the changes made were a new emphasis on the aspects of the plan relating to social concerns, after Felipe Calderón was elected president, he continued the project. He had been a proponent of the Mesoamerica Integration and Development Project which was now merged with a funding and infrastructure project. Central American Integration System Mesoamerican region, a territory defined by the OECD, with the same membership scope as the PM, except Colombia
19.
Preputioplasty
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Preputioplasty may be performed by Z-plasty, also used in reconstructive surgery to loosen constricting scar tissue following traumatic burns. However, Y-plasty and Z-plasty require a degree of sophistication that physicians in general practice may lack. In the alternative to suturing, aemostasis performed with a probe using the flame of an alcohol lamp or with bipolar electrodiathermy. Only one incision is shown in Figure 3, if two or more such incisions are made this will prevent a V-shaped indentation at the opening of the foreskin when the penis is not erect. If incisions are placed on the sides of the phimotic ring and it is also recommended that the subcutaneous tissue be undermined to ensure a better cosmetic result. The opening of the foreskin is now normally wide enough for the foreskin to be easily retracted, the foreskin is also slightly shorter because the widening of the phimotic ring takes up some foreskin length. Circumcision Information and Resource page on Non-retractile foreskin Surgical technique Phimosis and treatment with Preputioplasty
20.
Pentose phosphate pathway
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The pentose phosphate pathway is a metabolic pathway parallel to glycolysis. It generates NADPH and pentoses as well as ribose 5-phosphate, the last one a precursor for the synthesis of nucleotides, while it does involve oxidation of glucose, its primary role is anabolic rather than catabolic. There are two phases in the pathway. The first is the phase, in which NADPH is generated. For most organisms, the pentose phosphate pathway takes place in the cytosol, in plants, similar to glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway appears to have a very ancient evolutionary origin. This suggests that the origins of the pathway could date back to the prebiotic world, the primary results of the pathway are, The generation of reducing equivalents, in the form of NADPH, used in reductive biosynthesis reactions within cells. Production of ribose 5-phosphate, used in the synthesis of nucleotides, production of erythrose 4-phosphate used in the synthesis of aromatic amino acids. Aromatic amino acids, in turn, are precursors for many biosynthetic pathways, in mammals, the PPP occurs exclusively in the cytoplasm, and is found to be most active in the liver, mammary gland and adrenal cortex in the human. The PPP is one of the three ways the body creates molecules with reducing power, accounting for approximately 60% of NADPH production in humans. One of the uses of NADPH in the cell is to prevent oxidative stress and it reduces glutathione via glutathione reductase, which converts reactive H2O2 into H2O by glutathione peroxidase. If absent, the H2O2 would be converted to free radicals by Fenton chemistry. Erythrocytes, for example, generate an amount of NADPH through the pentose phosphate pathway to use in the reduction of glutathione. Hydrogen peroxide is also generated for phagocytes in a process referred to as a respiratory burst. In this phase, two molecules of NADP+ are reduced to NADPH, utilizing the energy from the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate into ribulose 5-phosphate and it is allosterically stimulated by NADP+ and strongly inhibited by NADPH. The ratio of NADPH, NADP+ is normally about 100,1 in liver cytosol and this makes the cytosol a highly-reducing environment. An NADPH-utilizing pathway forms NADP+, which stimulates Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase to produce more NADPH and this step is also inhibited by acetyl CoA. G6PD activity is also regulated by cytoplasmic deacetylase SIRT2. SIRT2-mediated deacetylation and activation of G6PD stimulates oxidative branch of PPP to supply cytosolic NADPH to counteract oxidative damage or support de novo lipogenesis
21.
Phosphorylation
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Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphoryl group − to a molecule. In biology, phosphorylation and its counterpart, dephosphorylation, are critical for cellular processes. A large fraction of proteins are at least temporarily phosphorylated, as are many sugars, lipids, Phosphorylation is especially important for protein function as this modification activates many enzymes, thereby regulating their function. Protein phosphorylation is one type of post-translational modification, the prominent role of protein phosphorylation in biochemistry is illustrated by the huge body of studies published on the subject. Phosphorylation of sugars is often the first stage of their catabolism and it allows cells to accumulate sugars because the phosphate group prevents the molecules from diffusing back across their transporter. Phosphorylation of glucose is a key reaction in sugar metabolism because many sugars are first converted to glucose before they are metabolized further. The chemical equation for the conversion of D-glucose to D-glucose-6-phosphate in the first step of glycolysis is given by D-glucose + ATP -> D-glucose-6-phosphate + ADP ΔG° = -16.7 kJ/mol, the two enzymes have been identified as a specific glucokinase and non-specific hexokinase. Hepatic cell is freely permeable to glucose, and the rate of phosphorylation of glucose is the rate-limiting step in glucose metabolism by the liver. The role of glucose 6-phosphate in glycogen synthase, High blood glucose concentration causes an increase in levels of glucose 6 phosphate in liver, skeletal muscle. In liver, synthesis of glycogen is directly correlated by blood glucose concentration and in muscle and adipocytes. High blood glucose releases insulin, stimulating the trans location of specific glucose transporters to the cell membrane, the hexokinase enzyme has a low Km, indicating a high affinity for glucose, so this initial phosphorylation can proceed even when glucose levels at nanoscopic scale within the blood. The phosphorylation of glucose can be enhanced by the binding of Fructose-6-phosphate, fructose consumed in the diet is converted to F1P in the liver. This negates the action of F6P on glucokinase, which favors the forward reaction. The capacity of cells to phosphorylate fructose exceeds capacity of metabolize fructose-1-phosphate. Consuming excess fructose ultimately results in an imbalance in liver metabolism, Phosphorylation of glucose is imperative in processes within the body. For example, phosphorylating glucose is necessary for insulin-dependent mechanistic target of rapamycin pathway activity within the heart and this further suggests a link between intermediary metabolism and cardiac growth. Reversible phosphorylation of proteins is an important regulatory mechanism occurs in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Kinases phosphorylate proteins and phosphatases dephosphorylate proteins, many enzymes and receptors are switched on or off by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation
22.
Poly(p-phenylene)
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Poly is the precursor to a conducting polymer of the rigid-rod polymer host family. Historically, PPP was very difficult to synthesize, although researchers have tried since at least 1886, early efforts typically produced black, insoluble powders that were difficult to characterize. For example, in 1962, a paper by Peter Kovacic, reports “The solid glowed red-hot in a Bunsen flame, with no evidence of formation, and disappeared only slowly. ”Initially. It was used in rocket nozzles and some fabrics requiring high thermal stability, oxidation or the use of dopants is used to convert the non-conductive form to a semiconductor. It is made of repeating p-phenylene units
23.
Microsoft PowerPoint
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Microsoft PowerPoint is a presentation program currently developed by Microsoft, for use on both Microsoft Windows and Apple Macintosh operating systems. PowerPoint, initially named Presenter, was created by Forethought Inc, Microsofts version of PowerPoint was officially launched on May 22,1990, as a part of the Microsoft Office suite. PowerPoint is useful for helping develop the slide-based presentation format and is one of the most commonly used slide-based presentation programs available. Microsoft has also released the PowerPoint mobile application for use on Apple, originally designed for the Macintosh computer, the initial release was called Presenter, developed by Thomas Rudkin and Dennis Austin of Forethought, Inc. In 1987, it was renamed to PowerPoint due to problems with trademarks, by then some experts believed that desktop presentations, using computers to create flip charts and overhead transparencies, could become as large a market as desktop publishing. That year Forethought was bought by Microsoft for $14 million, and became Microsofts Graphics Business Unit, Microsofts version of PowerPoint was officially launched on May 22,1990, the same day that Microsoft released Windows 3.0. PowerPoint introduced many new changes with the release of PowerPoint 97 and it incorporated the Visual Basic for Applications language, underlying all macro generation in Office 97. PowerPoint 2000 introduced a clipboard that could hold objects at once. PowerPoint 2002 massively overhauled the engine, allowing users to create more advanced. PowerPoint 2011 makes it possible to remove image backgrounds, and provides additional effects for pictures. As of 2012, various versions of PowerPoint claim about 95% of the software market share. Among presenters world-wide, this program is used at a frequency of 350 times per second. PowerPoint presentations consist of a number of pages or slides. The slide analogy is a reference to the slide projector, slides may contain text, graphics, sound, movies, and other objects, which may be arranged freely. The presentation can be printed, displayed live on a computer, for larger audiences the computer display is often a video projector. Slides can also form the basis of webcasts, PowerPoint provides three types of movements, Entrance, emphasis, and exit of elements on a slide itself are controlled by what PowerPoint calls Custom Animations. Transitions, on the hand, there are movements between slides. These can be animated in a variety of ways, Custom animation can be used to create small story boards by animating pictures to enter, exit or move
24.
Congress-Bundestag Youth Exchange
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The Congress-Bundestag Youth Exchange is a youth student exchange program founded in 1983. The exchange year culminates in a conference in Washington, D. C. in which German and American students reflect on their exchange year, the scholarship program is merit-based and is funded based on congressional district for Americans and Bundesland for Germans. It consists of a High School program, a Young Professionals program, the largest portion of the scholarship program has been the high school scholarships. Originally the program was open to high school sophomores and juniors. Applications are due in December of the prior to the scholarship year. After receipt of an application, select students will be offered an interview. These selection committees then put forward the names of the best candidates to receive the scholarships, through CBYXs first decade and a half, Youth For Understanding had been the primary administrative organization for the program. YFU’s organization administration of the CBYX program ended after the dissolution of the United States Information Agency in late 1999, the USIA had overseen the program on behalf of the U. S. Federal Government. In 2008 YFU again became an administrative organization for the grant. American students who win the scholarship usually spend 11 months in Germany, the first few weeks of the program are taken up by an Orientation and Language Seminar. The remaining 10 months of the program usually see the spread out over Germany. They attend a Gymnasium, the German equivalent of high school, other seminars take place over the course of the year, including a trip to the capital in Berlin, where the scholars speak, in German, to the German Bundestag. The admission rate in Germany to this Programm is very low, in the last years the admission rate to this Programm was less than 2%. The scholarship is earned in competition process, currently 75 young Germans and 75 young Americans participate in the exchange, living in all 16 German Bundesländer and 39 US states. Cultural Vistas administers the program in the United States and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Beziehungen GmbH administers the program in Germany, German language skills are not required to participate. Applications are due December 1 of each year, and can be completed online at www. culturalvistas. org/cbyx, candidates must be in a practical training track and must complete their training before the program start date. English skills are required for program participation, applications are due in September of each year. After an interview with InWent and taking a Test of English as a Foreign Language, one hundred candidates are then selected for the program
25.
Point Pleasant Park
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Point Pleasant Park is a large, partially forested municipal park at the southern tip of the Halifax peninsula. It once hosted several artillery batteries, and still contains the Prince of Wales Tower - the oldest Martello tower in North America, the park is a popular recreational spot for Haligonians, as it hosts forest walks and affords views across the harbour and out toward the Atlantic. Plays are performed in the park every summer by the Shakespeare by the Sea theatre company, the performances usually take place at Cambridge Battery and include both Shakespearean and more recent plays. Point Pleasant Park is owned by British Government and is leased to Halifax Regional Municipality for a ceremonial 1 shilling per year, the original lease for the land was negotiated by Sir William Young in 1866. Administration of the lease is performed by the Department of Canadian Heritage. St. Aspinquid’s Chapel was established by Priest Louis-Pierre Thury at Chebucto in the late 17th century, the chapel is a natural stone amphitheatre located by Chain Rock Battery on the Northwest Arm at Point Pleasant Park. There are numerous people who were interned in the burial grounds around the chapel. The chapel was also the location of the Mi’kmaq celebration the Feast of St. Aspinquid, the Chapel is also the site of a battle during the French and Indian War between two Mikmaq chiefs. In 1749, Edward Cornwallis arrived under instruction of the British Government to create a sizeable military and he first settled Point Pleasant Park but then, being too exposed to the elements, moved the settlement below Citadel Hill. Halifax was to become a settlement for the British and fortifications were primarily intended to prevent enemy ships from getting into the Halifax Harbour. Fortifications began to be constructed at present-day Point Pleasant Park toward the end of the French, there were a total of seven fortifications constructed, Chain Rock, Chain Battery, Point Pleasant Battery, Northwest Arm Battery, Fort Ogilvie, Prince of Wales Tower and Cambridge Battery. Most were rebuilt or modified four or five times over the subsequent 200 years, there were four defences that were constructed during the French and Indian War, Chain Battery, Chain Rock, Point Pleasant Battery and Northwest Arm Battery. The defences were built of logs, earth, and stone and they were built with wood-burning fireplaces, and furnaces were later added for smelting cannon shot. Chain Battery and Chain Rock were basic fortifications built on the terrain to protect the Northwest Arm. Unlike most of the fortifications, the battery here was not rebuilt in the 19th century. Because it was abandoned so early, the area has been reforested for most of the historic period, Point Pleasant Battery is one of the oldest fortification batteries. Though Point Pleasant Battery was first constructed in 1762, what is visible today dates mostly from the early 20th century. The fourth battery - the Northwest Arm Battery - was built during the war and it was moved further along the Northwest Arm shore
26.
Whitsunday Coast Airport
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Proserpine Airport is located 14 kilometres south of Proserpine in Queensland, Australia. The airport is the gateway for travelers to and from the Whitsunday Islands with Jetstar Airways. In the year ending 30 June 2014, the airport handled 282,000 passengers, plans to build an airfield in Proserpine commenced in 1936, however construction was delayed due to a lack of funding. Construction of the airport began in 1950. The aerodrome was opened on Saturday 3 November 1951. It also operated flights to the Gold Coast and Adelaide. The airport underwent an upgrade in 2010, the upgraded terminal was officially opened on 20 December 2011. In January 2014, Whitsunday Regional Council announced it was to discuss with the Government of Queensland the process for designating the airport precinct a PDA. On November 29,2015 it was reported in Queensland State News that Proserpine airport would be offering international flights from 2016 through the aviation company AVMIN. The first destination announced is Auckland, New Zealands largest city, Whitsunday Transit operate bus services from the airport. Media related to Whitsunday Coast Airport at Wikimedia Commons Dick Smith safety report on Proserpine Tower Department of Infrastructure and Planning - Whitsunday Coast Airport terminal upgrade
