Pan Jinlian is a fictional character in the 17th-century Chinese novel Jin Ping Mei, and a minor character in Water Margin, one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature. She is an archetypal femme fatale and one of the most notorious villainesses of classical Chinese culture. She has also become the patron goddess of brothels and prostitutes.
Wu Song killing Pan Jinlian, from a 1961 performance of Ouyang Yuqian's drama Pan Jinlian
Diorama at Haw Par Villa, Singapore, depicting Wu Song killing Pan Jinlian (left).
Water Margin is one of the earliest Chinese novels written in vernacular Mandarin. It is one of the Four Classic Chinese Novels and is attributed to Shi Nai'an. It is also translated as Outlaws of the Marsh and All Men Are Brothers.
A page from a block-printed version of the novel Water Margin, brought to Copenhagen, Denmark in the early part of the 17th-century
A flag that says "Enforcing the Way in Heaven's Name" (Chinese: 替天行道; pinyin: Tì Tiān Xíng Dào) on Mount Liang in Liangshan County.
Lu Zhishen uproots a tree (Summer Palace mural)
Wu Song slaying a tiger (Summer Palace mural)