Papal bull
Videos
A papal bull is a type of public decree, letters patent, or charter issued by a pope of the Catholic Church. It is named after the leaden seal (bulla) traditionally appended to authenticate it.
Papal bull of Pope Urban VIII, 1637, sealed with a lead bulla
The apostolic constitution Magni aestimamus issued as a papal bull by Pope Benedict XVI in 2011 which instituted the Military Ordinariate of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Printed text of Pope Leo X's Bull against the errors of Martin Luther, also known as Exsurge Domine, issued in June 1520
Lead bulla (obverse and reverse) of Gregory IX, pope 1227 to 1241
Papyrus
Videos
Papyrus is a material similar to thick paper that was used in ancient times as a writing surface. It was made from the pith of the papyrus plant, Cyperus papyrus, a wetland sedge. Papyrus can also refer to a document written on sheets of such material, joined side by side and rolled up into a scroll, an early form of a book.
Papyrus (P. BM EA 10591 recto column IX, beginning of lines 13–17)
An official letter on a papyrus of the 3rd century BCE
A section of the Egyptian Book of the Dead written on papyrus
Roman portraiture fresco of a young man with a papyrus scroll, from Herculaneum, 1st century AD