1.
Toluca
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Toluca, officially called Toluca de Lerdo, is the state capital of State of Mexico as well as the seat of the Municipality of Toluca. It is the center of a growing urban area, now the fifth largest in Mexico. It is located 63 kilometres west-southwest of Mexico City, about 40 minutes by car to the edge of the city. According to the 2010 census, the city of Toluca has a population of 819,561, the city is the fifth largest in Mexico in population. When Toluca was founded by the Matlatzincas, its name was Nepintahihui. The current name is based on the Náhuatl name for the area when it was renamed by the Aztecs in 1473. The name has its origin in the word tollocan that comes from the name of the god, Tolo, plus the suffix, can. It is also referred to in a number of Aztec codices as Tolutépetl, meaning hill of the god, Tolo, the name Toluca de Lerdo was adopted in 1861 in honor of President Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada. The Valley of Toluca was known as Matlatzinco Valley in ancient times and home to at least four groups, the Matlatzinca, Otomi, Mazahua. In the Postclassic period, the valley was ruled by a powerful capital city whose ruins are located today in the village of Calixtlahuaca. In 1478 the Mexica emperor Axayacatl conquered the Toluca Valley, the capital was stripped of its dynasty and power and some lands were distributed to kings and nobles from the Valley of Mexico. One of the rivals of Calixtlahuaca was Tollocan, a minor city-state before 1478, when Axayacatl destroyed Calixtlahuaca, he placed the imperial provincial capital in Tollocan. Calixtlahuaca and other towns in the Toluca Valley paid tribute to the Aztec Empire through Tollocan, after the Spanish conquest, the name Tollocan was changed to Toluca. Archaeologists have not yet located a major Postclassic settlement within the modern city, either the pre-Hispanic city of Tollocan was destroyed and covered over by the expansion of Toluca, or else the remains of Tollocan could lie outside of the modern city. A small Postclassic site was discovered on the hill called Tolochi, which is in the north of the modern city, but the remains seem too insubstantial to have been a major provincial capital. The tree of Las Manitas Rojas, which means little red hands, was planted before the Spanish Conquest in what is now the monastery of Nuestra Señora del Carmen. This tree is significant because it shows that Toluca was important enough for the Aztecs to create a botanical garden, in 1521, the Spanish conquered the Valley of Toluca. Leading the troops was Gonzalo de Sandoval, one of Cortes many sergeants, toluca’s first governor was Pedro Cortés Coyotzin
2.
State of Mexico
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The State of Mexico is one of the 32 federal entities of Mexico. It is the most populous, as well as the most densely populated state and it is divided into 125 municipalities and its capital city is Toluca de Lerdo. The State of Mexico is often abbreviated to Edomex from Estado de México in Spanish and it is located in South-Central Mexico. The state’s origins are in the territory of the Aztec Empire, after Independence, Mexico City was chosen as the capital of the new nation, its territory was separated out of the state. Years later, parts of the state were broken off to form the states of Hidalgo, Guerrero and Morelos. The state name is simply México according to the 1917 Constitution of the United Mexican States, the demonym used to refer to people and things from the state is mexiquense, distinct from mexicano, that describes the people or things from the country as a whole. Mēxihco was originally the Nahuatl name for the Valley of Mexico where in the cities of the Mexica were located, as such, the district that became Mexico City was properly known as Mexico-Tenochtitlan in the years shortly before and after Spanish conquest. There are two origins for the name “Mexico. ”The first is that it derives from metztli. This comes from the old Aztec idea that the craters on the form a rabbit figure with one crater imitating a navel. The other possible origin is that it is derived from “Mextictli” an alternate name for the god Huitzilopochtli, Anáhuac was the proper term for all territories dominated by the Aztec Empire, from Cem Anáhuac, the entire earth or surrounded by waters e. g. The earliest evidence of habitation in current territory of the state is a quartz scraper and obsidian blade found in the Tlapacoya area. They are dated to the Pleistocene era which dates human habitation back to 20,000 years, stone age implements have been found all over the territory from mammoth bones, to stone tools to human remains. Most have been found in the areas of Los Reyes Acozac, Tizayuca, Tepexpan, San Francisco Mazapa, El Risco, between 20,000 and 5000 BCE, the people here eventually went from hunting and gathering to sedentary villages with farming and domesticated animals. The main crop was corn, and stone tools for the grinding of this grain become common, later crops include beans, chili peppers and squash grown near established villages. Evidence of ceramics appears around 2500 BCE with the earliest artifacts of these appearing in Tlapacoya, Atoto, Malinalco, Acatzingo, currently some scholars attribute an age of 11 thousand years, others 8 thousand, and some have suggested 5 thousand years old. This individual was identified as a male, but recent research confirms a female identity. Sacrum bone found in Tequixquiac is considered a work of prehistoric art, the town was inhabited in 35,000 BCE by primitive men who had crossed the Bering Strait from Asia. These people were nomadic, hunting large animals such as mammoths, the first native settlers of Tequixquiac were the Aztecs and Otomi, who decided to settle here permanently for the abundance of rivers and springs
3.
Mexico
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Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a federal republic in the southern half of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States, to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean, to the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea, and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost two million square kilometers, Mexico is the sixth largest country in the Americas by total area, Mexico is a federation comprising 31 states and a federal district that is also its capital and most populous city. Other metropolises include Guadalajara, Monterrey, Puebla, Toluca, Tijuana, pre-Columbian Mexico was home to many advanced Mesoamerican civilizations, such as the Olmec, Toltec, Teotihuacan, Zapotec, Maya and Aztec before first contact with Europeans. In 1521, the Spanish Empire conquered and colonized the territory from its base in Mexico-Tenochtitlan, Three centuries later, this territory became Mexico following recognition in 1821 after the colonys Mexican War of Independence. The tumultuous post-independence period was characterized by instability and many political changes. The Mexican–American War led to the cession of the extensive northern borderlands, one-third of its territory. The Pastry War, the Franco-Mexican War, a civil war, the dictatorship was overthrown in the Mexican Revolution of 1910, which culminated with the promulgation of the 1917 Constitution and the emergence of the countrys current political system. Mexico has the fifteenth largest nominal GDP and the eleventh largest by purchasing power parity, the Mexican economy is strongly linked to those of its North American Free Trade Agreement partners, especially the United States. Mexico was the first Latin American member of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and it is classified as an upper-middle income country by the World Bank and a newly industrialized country by several analysts. By 2050, Mexico could become the fifth or seventh largest economy. The country is considered both a power and middle power, and is often identified as an emerging global power. Due to its culture and history, Mexico ranks first in the Americas. Mexico is a country, ranking fourth in the world by biodiversity. In 2015 it was the 9th most visited country in the world, Mexico is a member of the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the G8+5, the G20, the Uniting for Consensus and the Pacific Alliance. Mēxihco is the Nahuatl term for the heartland of the Aztec Empire, namely, the Valley of Mexico, and its people, the Mexica and this became the future State of Mexico as a division of New Spain prior to independence. It is generally considered to be a toponym for the valley became the primary ethnonym for the Aztec Triple Alliance as a result. After New Spain won independence from Spain, representatives decided to name the new country after its capital and this was founded in 1524 on top of the ancient Mexica capital of Mexico-Tenochtitlan
4.
Professional wrestling
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Professional wrestling is a dramatized athletic performance that portrays a combat sport. Various forms of weaponry are sometimes used, the content – including match outcomes – is scripted and choreographed, and the combative actions and reactions are performed to appear violent without injuring the wrestlers. Before the 1980s, these facts were considered trade secrets, in the mid-90s, the presentation of scripted events as legitimate is known as kayfabe. Although the combative content is staged and communicated between the wrestlers, there are physical hazards involved - including permanent injury and death. While it has declined in Europe, in North America it has experienced several different periods of prominent cultural popularity during its century. The advent of television gave professional wrestling a new outlet, unlike in Europe, show wrestling has become especially prominent in Japan and in North America. In Brazil, there was a popular wrestling television program from the 1960s to the early 1980s called Telecatch. High-profile figures in the sport have become celebrities or cultural icons in their native or adopted home countries, although professional wrestling started out as petty acts in sideshows, traveling circuses and carnivals, today it is a billion-dollar industry. Revenue is drawn from live event ticket sales, network television broadcasts, pay-per-view broadcasts, personal appearances by performers, branded merchandise, pro wrestling was also instrumental in making pay-per-view a viable method of content delivery. Annual shows such as WrestleMania, SummerSlam, Royal Rumble, and formerly Bash at the Beach, Halloween Havoc, home video sales dominate the Billboard charts Recreational Sports DVD sales, with wrestling holding anywhere from 3 to 9 of the top 10 spots every week. Due to its persistent cultural presence and to its novelty within the performing arts, there have also been many fictional depictions of wrestling, the 2008 film The Wrestler received several Oscar nominations and began a career revival for star Mickey Rourke. Because actual events are often co-opted by writers for incorporation into storylines for the performers, special care must be taken when talking about people who perform under their own name. The actions of the character should be considered fictional events, wholly separate from the life of the performer and this is similar to other entertainers who perform with a persona that shares their own name. Some wrestlers will incorporate elements of their real-life personalities into their characters, even if they and those who participated felt that it was necessary that spectators should be kept in a constant and complete illusion of a real competition to keep audience interest. For decades, up until the mid-1980s, wrestlers lived their lives as though they were their characters. Wrestlers, bookers and promoters all rigorously enforced the illusion and very few were allowed into the society of professional wrestling to maintain suspension of disbelief. The practice of keeping the illusion, and the methods used to do so, came to be known as kayfabe within wrestling circles. An entire lexicon of slang jargon and euphemism developed to allow performers to communicate without outsiders knowledge of what was being said, occasionally a performer will deviate from the intended sequence of events
5.
Lucha libre
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Lucha libre is a term used in Mexico for a form of professional wrestling developed in the country. Professional wrestling is a form of entertainment based on a portrayal of a combat sport. Mexican wrestling is characterized by colorful masks, rapid sequences of holds and maneuvers, as well as high-flying maneuvers, Tag team wrestling is especially prevalent in lucha libre, particularly matches with three-member teams, called trios. Lucha libre wrestlers are known as luchadores and they usually come from extended wrestling families who form their own stables. One such line integrated to the United States professional wrestling scene is Los Guerreros, Lucha libre has also transcended the language barrier to some extent as evidenced by works such as Los Luchadores, ¡Mucha Lucha. and Nacho Libre. Lucha libre also appears in pop culture such as mainstream advertising, in Canada. The rules of lucha libre are similar to American singles matches, matches can be won by pinning the opponent to the mat for the count of three, making him submit, knocking him out of the ring for a predetermined count or by disqualification. Using the ropes for leverage is illegal, and once a luchador is on the ropes, his opponent must release any holds, most matches are two out of three falls, which had been abandoned for title bouts in North America and Japan in the 1970s. As the legal wrestler can step to the floor willingly, there is no need for an actual tag to a teammate to bring him into a match. This often allows for much more action to take place in the ring than would otherwise be possible under standard tag rules. The promotion company flourished and quickly became the premier spot for wrestlers, moreover, it was the emergence of television that allowed Lutteroth to promote lucha libre’s first breakout superstar into a national pop-culture phenomenon. In 1942, lucha libre would be changed when a silver-masked wrestler, known simply as El Santo. He made his debut in Mexico City by winning an 8-man battle royal, the public became enamored by the mystique and secrecy of Santos personality, and he quickly became the most popular luchador in Mexico. He achieved international fame as one of the first high-flyers, something he was not considered in Mexico, Luchadores are traditionally more agile and perform more aerial maneuvers than professional wrestlers in the United States, who more often rely on power and hard strikes to subdue their opponents. For this same reason, aerial maneuvers are almost always performed to opponents outside the ring, allowing the luchador to break his fall with an acrobatic tumble. Lucha libre has several different weight classes, many catered to smaller agile fighters and this system enables dynamic high-flying luchadores such as Rey Mysterio, Jr. Juventud Guerrera, Super Crazy and Místico, to develop years of experience by their mid-twenties. A number of prominent Japanese wrestlers also started their careers training in Mexican lucha libre before becoming stars in Japan and these include Gran Hamada, Satoru Sayama, Jushin Thunder Liger, and Último Dragón. Lucha libre is also known for its tag team wrestling matches, the teams are often made up of three members, instead of two as is common in the United States
6.
Wrestling mask
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A wrestling mask is a fabric based mask that some professional wrestlers wear as part of their in-ring persona or gimmick. Professional wrestlers have been using masks as far back as 1915 and they are widely used today. At the 1865 Worlds Fair, Theobaud Bauer debuted the mask, wrestling as The Masked Wrestler in Paris and he would continue wrestling using the mask throughout France as part of a circus troupe in the 1860s before moving on the United States in the early 1870s. In 1915 Mort Henderson started wrestling as the Masked Marvel in the New York area making him the first North American wrestler to perform such a gimmick. Sometimes workers wore masks in one territory and unmasked in another territory in order to keep their two identities separate. Today, masked wrestlers are not a common sight in the United States and Canada, a mask sometimes will be used by a well known wrestler in a storyline where they must get around various stipulations or betray a trust without revealing their true identity. For instance wrestlers who are suspended in a return under a mask under another name. Jimmy Valiant once returned under a mask as Charlie Brown from Outta Town after losing to Paul Jones in a Loser Leaves Town match, in the past many wrestlers have had very successful careers while masked such as The Destroyer/Dr. X, Mr. Wrestling, Masked Superstar and the Spoiler, in the territory days it was not uncommon for more than one person or team to use the same gimmick and mask and as such there has been several masked Interns, Assassins and Executioners working. Especially tag team wrestling have seen their share of masked teams, successful masked teams include the Masked Assassins, Blue Infernos and the Grapplers. One of the most well-known North American masked wrestlers was Big Van Vader, other notable examples are Rey Mysterio, Mankind, Kane, Edge & Christian as Los Conquistadores & Owen Hart as Blue Blazer. The Mexican fanbase quickly took to the mystery of the man and soon after Mexican wrestlers themselves started wearing masks. Early masks were simplistic with strong, basic colors designs that could be recognized even in the row of the arena. Over the years the masks evolved to become very intricate and colorful drawing on Mexicos rich history, unlike in other parts of North America the popularity of the masked wrestlers has not waned over the years, with souvenir masks being sold at events and online. In modern lucha libre, masks are designed to evoke the images of animals, gods, ancient heroes. Most wrestlers in Mexico start their career wearing a mask, sometimes, a wrestler slated for retirement will be unmasked in one of his final bouts or at the beginning of a final tour, signifying loss of identity as that character. Sometimes, losing the mask signifies the end of a gimmick with the moving on to a new gimmick and mask. The wrestling mask is considered sacred, so much so that the removal of a mask is grounds for disqualification
7.
Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre
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Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre co. ltd is a lucha libre professional wrestling promotion based in Mexico City. The promotion is also referred to by its previous name Empresa Mexicana de Lucha Libre, founded in 1933, it is the oldest professional wrestling promotion still in existence. CMLL has been nicknamed The serious and the stable, referencing their very conservative booking style, outside of live television broadcasts CMLL, has not shown matches where one of the competitors bleed. CMLL has on occasion fired wrestlers for excessive violence, like the use of chairs, CMLL currently recognizes and promotes twelve World Championships for various weight divisions and classifications, six national level and six regional level championships. The CMLL Anniversary Show series is the longest running annual major show, starting in 1934, CMLL also regularly promotes major events under the names Homenaje a Dos Leyendas, Sin Piedad, Sin Salida, Infierno en el Ring during the year. CMLL has promoted their regular weekly Super Viernes on a basis since the 1930s. Founder Salvador Lutteroth funded the building of Arena Coliseo in 1943, in 1929, Salvador Lutteroth, who at the time was a property inspector for the Mexican Tax department, moved to Ciudad Juárez near the Mexico/U. S. During a trip to El Paso, Texas Lutteroth witnessed a professional wrestling show and was intrigued by the show, four years later Lutteroth, along with his financial backer Francisco Ahumada chartered Empresa Mexicana de Lucha Libre, the first Mexican owned wrestling promotion in the country. EMLL held their first shown on September 21,1933, considered the birth of Lucha libre, the concept of Lucha Libre quickly became very popular, so much so that the EMLL 1st Anniversary Show drew a sell out crowd of 5,000 paying fans. In 1934, an American wrestler debuted in Mexico under a black, leather mask, through the use of the masks and ring characters EMLL helped create the sacred position of the mask in Lucha libre, making it the ultimate status symbol for luchadors. In the early days of EMLL most of the top names were Americans, each booking office was independent of each other but the main office in Mexico City had the final say if there were disputes over who would be able to book certain wrestlers. In 1942, a masked wrestler clad is silver, simply known as El Santo, the arena, nicknamed the Lagunilla Funnel due to its interior shape would hold over 8,800 spectators when configured for Lucha libre or boxing. Arena Coliseo began hosting EMLLs annual Anniversary shows starting with the 10th Anniversary show, in 1953, Salvador Lutteroth joined the US based National Wrestling Alliance, becoming the official NWA territory for all of Mexico, known as NWA-EMLL outside of Mexico. By joining the NWA, Lutteroth and EMLL gained control of the NWA World Light Heavyweight Championship, as it turns out luck was on Lutteroth and EMLLs side as Lutteroth and the personnel at Arena Coliseo bought a lottery ticket worth 5 million Pesos. Lutteroth used his portion of the winnings to finance the construction of Arena México, Arena México enabled EMLL to broadcast their weekly wrestling shows across Mexico, yielding a popularity explosion for the sport. Starting in 1956, with the EMLL 23rd Anniversary Show all anniversary shows were held in Arena México, over time the arena became known as The Cathedral of Lucha Libre. The two took a number of EMLLs younger wrestlers with them to form Lucha Libre Internacional, S. C, with the creation of the UWA EMLL faced a rival national promotion for the first time. In the mid-1980s, Chavo Lutteroth retired, allowing his nephew Paco Alonso, grandson of Salvador Lutteroth, in the late 1980s EMLL decided to leave the NWA, seeking to distance themselves from the political infighting in the National Wrestling Alliance
8.
Mini-Estrella
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The term Mini-Estrella is used in lucha libre to describe a division of short professional wrestlers or luchadors, some of whom have dwarfism. Some Mini-Estrellas have later on moved on to work as regular sized competitors, the Mini-Estrellas have been featured in several promotions outside Mexico, most notably World Wrestling Entertainment and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling. Originally the limit for the Mini division was 1.53 m, in the formative years of the Mini-Estrellas history they were also referred to as Micro Luchadors, or Micro Wrestlers. In the early days saw the popularity of such as Gran Nikolai, Pequeno Goliath and Arturito. By the 1980s midget wrestling was popular in Mexico, especially since few new wrestlers had joined the division. In the early 1990s Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre, Mexicos oldest wrestling promotion, created a new concept, Peña and CMLL created the CMLL World Mini-Estrella Championship in 1992, which is considered the official birth of the division. CMLLs Mini-Estrellas division featured a number of skilled, high flying wrestlers which helped make the concept an immediate success. In 1993 Peña decided to leave CMLL and create his own wrestling promotion, Asistencia Asesoría y Administración, among those that left CMLL were the divisions two main stars, the champion Mascarita Sagrada and his rival Espectrito. Peña later created the Mexican National Mini-Estrella Championship as AAAs Mini-Estrella championship, AAA would later create two other Mini-Estrella, the IWC and the LLL Mini-Estrellas championships, but both were later abandoned. The success of the Mini-Estrella division was evident as AAA put them in the event of Triplemanía III-A. The match was a 13-Minis Steel Cage Elimination match, Lucha de Apuesta, the Triplemanía match was one of the first ever Luchas de Apuestas matches in the Mini-Estrella division. AAA would later create another first in the Mini-Estrellas division as they created Los Mini Vipers, a Mini version of Los Vipers. In 2002 AAA created the AAA Mascot Tag Team Championship, the first and so far only tag team championship for teams consisting of a Mini-Estrella, since his initial appearance as Mascarita Dorada the Mexican National Mini-Estrellas Championship has not been mentioned and is considered inactive. On January 11,2009 CMLL promoted their first pay-per-view show with the Minis division in the main event, at La Hora Cero 13 minis competed in CMLLs first ever Infierno en el Ring for Mini-Estrellas. Later on in 2009 CMLL would hold another all Minis cage match as well as a match that saw Minis, AAAs Mascota tag team title was abandoned in 2009 when the then reigning champions El Alebrije and Cuije left AAA. The Mini-Estrellas have not been restricted to working outside of Mexico, often the Mini-Estrellas are brought in for a special attraction match such the World Wrestling Councils 19th and 22nd anniversary shows that featured Mascarita Sagrada and other Minis. Northern California based Pro Wrestling Revolution is the only US based promotion to have created a specific Mini-Estrella championship, in 1997 the World Wrestling Federation and AAA began a talent sharing program, which allowed several Mini-Estrellas wrestlers to compete on WWF television. Mascarita Sagrada originally wrestled under his name but was soon repackaged as Mini Nova, a mini version of Super Nova
9.
Gimmick (professional wrestling)
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These in-ring personalities often involve costumes, makeup and catchphrases that they shout at their opponents or the fans. Gimmicks can be designed to work as good guys or villains depending on the desire to be popular or hated by the crowd. A tweener gimmick falls between the two extremes, a wrestler may portray more than one gimmick over their career depending on the angle or the wrestling promotion that they are working for at that time. Razor Ramon was portrayed by both Scott Hall and Rick Bognar, occasionally, a wrestler uses a gimmick as tribute to another worker, such is the case of Ric Flairs Nature Boy persona which he took on as an homage to the original Nature Boy, Buddy Rogers. When a wrestler acts outside his or her gimmick this is known as breaking kayfabe, a term showing pro wrestlings linkages to theatre, the two awards are given to the best and worst gimmick of that year. Current winners are The New Day and Stardust respectively, pro wrestlings history has been tied to the use of gimmicks from its infancy. It was not until the First Golden Age of Professional Wrestling in the United States during the 1940s–1950s and his heel character focused on his looks and quickly antagonized the fans with his exaggerated effeminate behaviour. Such showmanship was unheard of for the time, and consequently, Gorgeous Georges impact and legacy on wrestling gimmicks was enormous, demonstrating how fast television changed the product from athletics to performance. Before him, wrestlers imitated ethnic terrors, but his success birthed a more individualistic. He was one of the first pro-wrestlers to use music, Pomp. In Britain, television took British wrestling to the level when in 1964. The style of wrestling at the time was unique with strong emphasis on clean technical wrestling, heels made up a minority of the roster, with most shows containing an abnormally high proportion of clean sportsmanly matches between two blue-eyes. This would remain the case for decades to come. Gimmick matches were a rarity, midget wrestling failed to catch on, during the Second Golden Age of pro wrestling in the 1980s–1990s a rise of cartoonish, outlandish gimmicks became popular with the increase of World Wrestling Federations popularity. Most notable was the muscular Hulk Hogan, who marked the 1980s with his all-American gimmick and his dominant role in the industry at that time led to this era to be also known as Hulkamania. Around this time, wrestling became a form of entertainment rather than an official sport, other wrestlers from this era with similarly outlandish characterisation include Ric Flair, Sting and The Undertaker. In recent years, the emphasis has been on more realistic gimmicks which portray the wrestler as a person, sometimes using their real names. Wrestlers Randy Orton, Batista, and John Cena are prime examples of this, exaggerating the characteristics of a wrestlers origin is one of the most commonly exploited gimmicks, in which overarching characteristics of a character play up to clichés and stereotypes
10.
Los Guerreros Tuareg
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Los Guerreros Tuareg is a Mexican professional wrestling group, called a stable working for Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre as a rudo faction. The group is the successor to Pandilla Guerrera and is also referred to as Los Rebeldes del Desierto or even Los Rebeldes Tuareg. The contestants included, among others, Sangre Azteca and El Koreano, during one of CMLLs shows El Terrible turned on the group and was joined by Último Guerrero in the attack. Sangre Azteca and El Koreano prevented the rest of the Guapos U class in making the save, Guerrero immediately took both Sangre Azteca and Koreano under his win, forming Pandilla Guerrera, a mid-card group associated with Último Guerreros Los Guerreros del Infierno group. Sangre Azteca would soon lead the group that would also include Nitro, Arkangel de la Muerte, Hooligan, Loco Max, Doctor X and Ramstein. Doctor X brought the Mexican National Welterweight Championship with him when he joined the group, the team would attempt to regain the championship twice, but failed each attempt. El Koreano did not stay with the long, changing his ring name and adopting a mask as he began working as Apocalipsis. On December 17,2006 Sangre Azteca defeated La Mascara to bring the Mexican National Welterweight Championship back to Pandilla Guerrera, Pandilla Guerrera remained solidly entrenched in the CMLL mid-card, working primarily with younger tecnicos, helping them gain experience in the ring. Over time Ramstein appeared less frequently with Pandilla Guerrera, unofficially leaving the group, in mid-2007 Pandilla Guerrera decided to pull away from Los Guerreros del Infierno to create their own separate identity in order to gain more success in CMLL. The group added Skándalo to its roster while Sangre Azteca decided to join Los Guerreros instead, Nitro and Skándalo teamed up to participate in a CMLL Arena Coliseo Tag Team Championship Tournament in the summer of 2008. In the first round the duo won by defeating Sensei and Neutron, in early 2009, Nitro was injured and was undergoing double knee surgery which let him 8 months out of action, forcing Arkangel de la Muerte to step in as leader. During Nitros time away from the ring CMLL introduced the Mini-Estrella Pequeño Nitro, the leader of Los Pequeño Guerreros Tuareg, the first and so far only member of the group. When a new mid-card rudo team, called Los Cancerberos del Infierno, was created in 2009 Los Guerreros Tuareg talked about challenging Los Cancerberos, championships won while members of Pandilla Guerra or Los Guerreros Tuareg are listed
11.
Professional wrestling match types
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Many types of wrestling matches, sometimes called concept or gimmick matches in the jargon of the business, are performed in professional wrestling. Some of them occur relatively frequently, while others are developed so as to advance an angle, because of professional wrestlings long history over decades, many things have been recycled. These match types can be organized into several loose groups, the singles match is the most basic of all professional wrestling matches, which involves only two competitors competing for one fall. Victory is obtained by pinfall, submission, knockout, countout or disqualification, commentators and bookers generally explain it as saying the challenger must beat the champion. Playing into this, some storylines have heel champions protect their titles by losing in such ways. Time Limit matches were invented during the days of professional wrestling as a way to stop matches that went on for too long. A Battle of Respect is often held in tribute to another wrestler, on most occasions, one member of the team competes in the ring with one or more of his/her teammate standing behind the ropes. Wrestlers switch positions by tagging one another, usually similar to a five and, as a result. This can create tension during the match as a wrestler in the middle of the ring attempts to reach his/her teammate. In typical tag team matches, standard wrestling rules apply with an ending by pinfall, submission, countout. Promotions usually have established tag teams that most often compete in team matches rather than singles matches, though teams will often break up to pursue a singles career, teams often consist of real-life friends or relatives. On other occasions, teams are booked together by promoters based on their face or heel alignment in order to increase the amount of wrestlers on the card or to advance multiple storylines at once. Though common in Mexican lucha libre, at one point, World Championship Wrestling had a championship for teams of three, matches in which the entire team competes at once is often referred to as a tornado tag match, specifically in WWE. Matches can be held under standard rules or as a specialty match, such as a cage match or a ladder match. One famous example of this match is the Survivor Series match held in WWE at their annual Survivor Series pay-per-view, teams of four or five, though on some occasions as many as seven, compete under elimination rules. All other standard rules apply, and team members may tag in, while some teams are already established stables, others may need to recruit members for their team. In lucha libre promotions, a torneo cibernetico is a type of match between teams of up to eight wrestlers who enter in a predetermined order. A Winner Takes All match is a match where both wrestlers are champions going into the match, and the winner receives the championship of the loser and this is not the same as a championship unification match
12.
Shockercito
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Javier Cortes Sánchez is a Mexican Luchador, or professional wrestler who works for Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre in their Mini-Estrella division. Cortés is better known under the ring name Shockercito, a version of wrestler Shocker. Cortés was originally an enmascarado, character, but was forced to unmask after losing a Lucha de Apuesta, or bet match, on January 11,2009. Javier Cortes made his wrestling debut on May 21,2002. As Shockercito he was a version of professional wrestler Shocker. Since Shocker was nicknamed 1000% Guapo Shockercito quickly became known as 500% Guapo, Cortes continued to train at CMLLs wrestling school in Mexico City under José Luis Feliciano and Arturo Beristain even after making his in-ring debut. This match marked Shockercitos first appearance at a major CMLL show, in late 2008 CMLL reintroduced the Mexican National Lightweight Championship after it had been vacant since 2005. CMLL a Torneo cibernetico match on September 9,2008 where the winner would qualify for the final, Shockercito was one of 12 Mini-Estrellas in the match and was the second to last wrestler to be eliminated, defeated by eventual light heavyweight champion Pierrothito. The two were forced to wrestled against each other under Lucha de Apuesta, with both of them betting their mask on the outcome of the match. In the end Pierrothito pinned Shockercito, forcing him to unmask after the match, Shockercito kept the momentum on his side as he faced and defeated Fire in a Lucha de Apuesta, hair vs. hair match and watched as Fire was shaved bald after the match. On June 2,2009, Shockercito wrestled in yet another Lucha de Apuesta match, his third in 2009, and defeated Pequeño Damián 666, winning his second hair match in just over two months. On November 6,2012,12 competitors met in a steel cage match where the loser of the match would be forced to unmask or have his hair shaved completely off. The match was very chaotic, the cage broke at one time and saw several wrestlers bleed. Shockercito and Pequeño Black Warrior were the last two left in the ring, relatively unscathed because they had stayed away from the cage as much as possible. In the end Shockercito forced Pequeño Black Warrior to submit, ensuring that he had to be shaved bald after the match, finishing moves La Reinera Signature moves Ringpost plancha Topé Suicida Nicknames 500% Guapo Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre CMLL World Mini-Estrella Championship Pequeños Reyes del Aire
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CMLL World Mini-Estrella Championship
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The CMLL World Mini-Estrella Championship is a professional wrestling championship promoted by the Mexican Lucha libre wrestling-based promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre. The championship is competed for in the Mini-Estrellas, or Minis. A Mini is not necessarily a person with dwarfism, as in North American midget professional wrestling, it can also be very short wrestlers who work in the Mini division. As it is a wrestling championship, it is not won legitimately. All title matches take place under two out of three falls rules, the CMLL World Mini-Estrella Championship was created in early 1992 to give CMLLs Mini-Estrellas division a championship as its focal point. The first champion was Mascarita Sagrada, who won a tournament on March 1,1992 by defeating Espectrito in the final. When the creator of CMLLs Minis division, Antonio Peña, left CMLL to form his own promotion, AAA, Mascarita Sagrada, after Mascarita Sagrada left the promotion, the title was vacant until September 1992, when Orito won the championship in a match against El Felinito. In 1999, in a so-called Phantom title switch, then-champion Damiancito el Guerrero had the championship stripped, Damiancito had begun working under the ring name Virus in the regular-sized division for more than a year and thus no longer qualified as a Mini. Instead of vacating the title or making Virus lose it in a match, shockercito is the curren champion, having defeated Pierrothito on March 5,2017 to win the vacant championship. On January 18,2017 the previous champion, Astral, announced that he was moving into the regular sized division, shockercito is the 14th overall champion in his first reign and he is the 12th person to hold the championship. Key Key CMLL held a tournament in early 1992 to determine the first CMLL World Mini-Estrella Champion, the semi-finals were held on February 23,1992, general sources - Royal Duncan and Gary Will
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Cappello romano
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A cappello romano or saturno is a hat with a wide, circular brim and a rounded crown worn outdoors in some countries by Catholic clergy, when dressed in a cassock. It is made of beaver fur or felt, and lined in white silk. Unlike many other articles of ecclesiastical attire, it serves no ceremonial purpose, the cappello romano is not used in liturgical services. There are some, mostly minor, differences in the designs of cappelli, the pope wears a red cappello with gold cords. Cardinals formerly also had the privilege of wearing a red cappello, but this rule was overturned by Paul VI, a cardinal may have a cappello with red and gold cords with scarlet lining. A bishops may have green and gold cords with violet lining, a priest may substitute black lining for his. Cappelli for deacons and seminarians have no distinguishing features, sammlung Philippi - Kopfbedeckungen in Glaube, Religion und Spiritualität
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Spanish language
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Spanish —also called Castilian —is a Romance language that originated in the Castile region of Spain, with hundreds of millions of native speakers around the world. It is usually considered the worlds second-most spoken native language after Mandarin Chinese and it is one of the few languages to use inverted question and exclamation marks. Spanish is a part of the Ibero-Romance group of languages, which evolved from several dialects of Vulgar Latin in Iberia after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century. Beginning in the early 16th century, Spanish was taken to the colonies of the Spanish Empire, most notably to the Americas, as well as territories in Africa, Oceania, around 75% of modern Spanish is derived from Latin. Greek has also contributed substantially to Spanish vocabulary, especially through Latin, Spanish vocabulary has been in contact from an early date with Arabic, having developed during the Al-Andalus era in the Iberian Peninsula. With around 8% of its vocabulary being Arabic in origin, this language is the second most important influence after Latin and it has also been influenced by Basque as well as by neighboring Ibero-Romance languages. It also adopted words from languages such as Gothic language from the Visigoths in which many Spanish names and surnames have a Visigothic origin. Spanish is one of the six languages of the United Nations. It is the language in the world by the number of people who speak it as a mother tongue, after Mandarin Chinese. It is estimated more than 437 million people speak Spanish as a native language. Spanish is the official or national language in Spain, Equatorial Guinea, speakers in the Americas total some 418 million. In the European Union, Spanish is the tongue of 8% of the population. Spanish is the most popular second language learned in the United States, in 2011 it was estimated by the American Community Survey that of the 55 million Hispanic United States residents who are five years of age and over,38 million speak Spanish at home. The Spanish Constitution of 1978 uses the term castellano to define the language of the whole Spanish State in contrast to las demás lenguas españolas. Article III reads as follows, El castellano es la lengua española oficial del Estado, las demás lenguas españolas serán también oficiales en las respectivas Comunidades Autónomas. Castilian is the official Spanish language of the State, the other Spanish languages as well shall be official in their respective Autonomous Communities. The Spanish Royal Academy, on the hand, currently uses the term español in its publications. Two etymologies for español have been suggested, the Spanish Royal Academy Dictionary derives the term from the Provençal word espaignol, and that in turn from the Medieval Latin word Hispaniolus, from—or pertaining to—Hispania
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Tag team
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Tag team wrestling is a type of professional wrestling in which matches are contested between teams of multiple wrestlers. A tag team may be made up of wrestlers who normally wrestle in singles competition, in most team matches, only one competitor per team is allowed in the ring at a time. This status as the active or legal wrestler may be transferred by physical contact, the team-based match has been a mainstay of professional wrestling since the mid twentieth century, and most promotions have sanctioned a championship division for tag teams. g. A couple tag-teaming in an argument with another person, in 1901 the first tag team match was held in the United States, in San Francisco. San Francisco promoters introduced tag team wrestling as a way of improving the sport’s entertainment value, while tag team wrestling is now almost traditional in American professional wrestling, the innovation didnt become especially popular outside San Francisco until the 1930s. The first World tag team championship was also crowned in San Francisco in the early 1950s, typically, a tag team championship is awarded to and defended by team of two. In kayfabe, this made it difficult for challengers to prepare for their title fights. This was a gimmick, and is still utilized by other wrestling companies. The stipulation has become known as the freebird rule. A common storyline is former tag team partners turning on each other and this can be used when one member is being called on to develop a new gimmick. The basic tag team match has two teams of two facing off against each other. All standard rules for singles wrestling apply to a team match, however, only one wrestler from each team, called the legal man is allowed in the ring at a time. All other members of the team wait outside the ropes in the teams specified corner, only an active/legal wrestler is allowed to score a fall or have a fall scored against him/her. But any wrestler, legal or outside, may face disqualification for himself or his team for violating rules, once a tag is made, the wrestler tagging out has a grace period to leave the ring before risking disqualification. The wrestler outside the ring must be touching the tag rope tied in the corner, tags are legal as long as the two team members touch. The referee has to see and/or hear the contact between the two wrestlers in order for the tag to be legal. As the ultimate authority over the match, a referee may overlook any of these at his discretion, in some multi-man tag matches in lucha libre, a wrestler can make himself the teams legal man simply by setting foot in the ring, and his partner then leaves. This allows for action to become nearly continuous, two referees, one stationed inside the ring and one on the floor, are employed to maintain order for this type of match
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Pierrothito
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Pierrothito is a Mexican luchador enmascarado, or masked professional wrestler. Pierrothito is a part of Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libres Mini-Estrella, or Mini and he is also the first Mini to have held the Mexican National Lightweight Championship. Pierrothito is Spanish for Little Pierroth, alluding to the fact that he wrestles as a version of Pierroth. The man who would wrestle as Pierrothito made his professional wrestling debut in on July 31,1991. The future Pierrothito was brought into CMLL to replenish the Mini division, he was given the ring persona of Pierrothito and he has kept working as Pierrothito, even after Pierroth, Jr. himself left CMLL to join AAA. Working in the Mini division does not necessarily mean that he is a dwarf as several short wrestlers work in the Mini division, in the mid to late-1990s CMLL did not focus much on their Minis division, thus Pierrothito rarely made it onto CMLLs television shows. On October 16,2001, Pierrothito won the CMLL World Mini-Estrella Championship from Ultimo Dragoncito, capitalizing on the exposure he had gotten as part of Pierroth, in 2008 Pierroth challenged then-champion Pequeño Damián 666 for the title but was unsuccessful once again. On September 9,2009 Pierrothito won a Torneo cibernetico against 11 other wrestlers to earn a spot in the final. Pierroth outlasted Pequeño Lizmark, Pequeño Universo 2000, Mr. Aguilita, Bracito de Oro, Cosmico, Fire, Niño de Acero, Ultimo Dragoncito, Pequeño Damián 666, Pequeño Olímpico, and Shockercito. In the finals Pierroth defeated Mascarita Dorada to become the first Mini to hold the Mexican National Lightweight Championship. Pierroth was one of 14 Minis that risked their mask in a steel cage Luchas de Apuestas, or bet fight, Pierrothito was one of the last two people in the cage, pinning Shockertito to unmask him. On August 14,2009, Pierrothito competed in his second Infierno en el Ring cage match of the year, a 15-man cage match that included both Minis and Puebla local wrestlers. Pierrothito defeated Mr. Following the mask win Pierrothito made his first trip to the United States, on the first night Pierrothito defeated Mascarita Dorada, only to have Mascara Dorada win on the second night. On November 6,2012,12 competitors met in a steel cage match where the loser of the match would be forced to unmask or have his hair shaved completely off. On May 9,2013, CMLL introduced a new Comandante Pierroth, on July 24, CMLL declared the Mexican National Lightweight Championship vacant, ending Pierrothitos near five-year reign
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CMLL Mini-Estrellas tournaments
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Being professional wrestling tournaments, it they are not won legitimately, they are instead won via predetermined outcomes to the matches that is kept secret from the general public. The Mini-Estrella division has been featured in a Ruleta de la Muerte tournament, the team that loses the tag team match final must immediately wrestle against each other in a Lucha de Apuestas match, where either their mask or their hair is on the line. In late 1997 CMLL held an eight-man Torneo cibernetico elimination match where the winner would earn the right to work in the regular sized division instead of the Mini-Estrella division. This move was due to the fact that not all wrestlers competing in the Mini-Estrellas division have dwarfism. Originally the Mini-Estrella division had a limit of 1.53 m. Damiancito del Guerrero was the last competitor in the ring, earning the right to move into the regular division. At 1.65 m, above the Mini-Estrella height limit, by 1999 CMLL decided that it was time to crown a new CMLL World Mini-Estrella Champion as Virus was still technically the champion despite not having worked as a mini for over a year. Virus has worked in CMLLs regular division ever since and even won championships like the CMLL World Super Lightweight Championship, the CMLL Mini-Estrella division has only been involved in one Ruleta de la Muerte tournament since its official creation in 1992. At times the members will be part of a pre-existing scripted feuds or storylines with each other. In a Ruleta de la Muerte tournament tag teams face off in an elimination tournament. The team that loses the tag team match final must immediately wrestle against each other in a Lucha de Apuestas match, where either their mask or their hair is on the line. The tournament was a tournament held on August 21,2011 in Arena México, CMLLs main venue. The final two participants in the Battle Royal were Universito 2000 and Fantasy, who would compete in the last of the first round matches with their respective partners. After four first round matches and two semi-finals the rivals Bam Bam and Pierrothito faced the team of Astral and Pequeño Violencia. Bam Bam was forced to wager his hair and Pierrothito had to wager his mask in the Lucha de Apuestas match that followed immediately after their tag team loss, as is traditional in lucha libre the match was contested under best two-out-of-three falls between the two wrestlers. The two quickly split the first two falls between them, leaving the score tied for a third and final fall, which lasted longer than the first two falls. In the third fall Pierrothito was able to defeat Bam Bam, the winner of the tournament would be promoted to compete in the regular division going forward. The tournament took place over three Sundays in August, from August 10 to August 24, to qualify for the finale on August 24 a wrestler would have to win an eight-man Torneo cibernetico to outlast his competitors
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Mexico City
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Mexico City, or City of Mexico, is the capital and most populous city of Mexico. As an alpha global city, Mexico City is one of the most important financial centers in the Americas and it is located in the Valley of Mexico, a large valley in the high plateaus at the center of Mexico, at an altitude of 2,240 metres. The city consists of sixteen municipalities, the 2009 estimated population for the city proper was approximately 8.84 million people, with a land area of 1,485 square kilometres. The Greater Mexico City has a domestic product of US$411 billion in 2011. The city was responsible for generating 15. 8% of Mexicos Gross Domestic Product, as a stand-alone country, in 2013, Mexico City would be the fifth-largest economy in Latin America—five times as large as Costa Ricas and about the same size as Perus. Mexico’s capital is both the oldest capital city in the Americas and one of two founded by Amerindians, the other being Quito. In 1524, the municipality of Mexico City was established, known as México Tenochtitlán, Mexico City served as the political, administrative and financial center of a major part of the Spanish colonial empire. After independence from Spain was achieved, the district was created in 1824. Ever since, the left-wing Party of the Democratic Revolution has controlled both of them, in recent years, the local government has passed a wave of liberal policies, such as abortion on request, a limited form of euthanasia, no-fault divorce, and same-sex marriage. On January 29,2016, it ceased to be called the Federal District and is now in transition to become the countrys 32nd federal entity, giving it a level of autonomy comparable to that of a state. Because of a clause in the Mexican Constitution, however, as the seat of the powers of the federation, it can never become a state, the city of Mexico-Tenochtitlan was founded by the Mexica people in 1325. According to legend, the Mexicas principal god, Huitzilopochtli indicated the site where they were to build their home by presenting an eagle perched on a cactus with a snake in its beak. Between 1325 and 1521, Tenochtitlan grew in size and strength, eventually dominating the other city-states around Lake Texcoco, when the Spaniards arrived, the Aztec Empire had reached much of Mesoamerica, touching both the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific Ocean. After landing in Veracruz, Spanish explorer Hernán Cortés advanced upon Tenochtitlan with the aid of many of the native peoples. Cortés put Moctezuma under house arrest, hoping to rule through him, the Aztecs thought the Spaniards were permanently gone, and they elected a new king, Cuitláhuac, but he soon died, the next king was Cuauhtémoc. Cortés began a siege of Tenochtitlan in May 1521, for three months, the city suffered from the lack of food and water as well as the spread of smallpox brought by the Europeans. Cortés and his allies landed their forces in the south of the island, the Spaniards practically razed Tenochtitlan during the final siege of the conquest. Cortés first settled in Coyoacán, but decided to rebuild the Aztec site to erase all traces of the old order and he did not establish a territory under his own personal rule, but remained loyal to the Spanish crown
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International Standard Book Number
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The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning an ISBN is nation-based and varies from country to country, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The initial ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering created in 1966, the 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108. Occasionally, a book may appear without a printed ISBN if it is printed privately or the author does not follow the usual ISBN procedure, however, this can be rectified later. Another identifier, the International Standard Serial Number, identifies periodical publications such as magazines, the ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 in the United Kingdom by David Whitaker and in 1968 in the US by Emery Koltay. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108, the United Kingdom continued to use the 9-digit SBN code until 1974. The ISO on-line facility only refers back to 1978, an SBN may be converted to an ISBN by prefixing the digit 0. For example, the edition of Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns, published by Hodder in 1965, has SBN340013818 -340 indicating the publisher,01381 their serial number. This can be converted to ISBN 0-340-01381-8, the check digit does not need to be re-calculated, since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with Bookland European Article Number EAN-13s. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, a 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts, and when this is done it is customary to separate the parts with hyphens or spaces. Separating the parts of a 10-digit ISBN is also done with either hyphens or spaces, figuring out how to correctly separate a given ISBN number is complicated, because most of the parts do not use a fixed number of digits. ISBN issuance is country-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for country or territory regardless of the publication language. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture, in other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded. In Canada, ISBNs are issued at no cost with the purpose of encouraging Canadian culture. In the United Kingdom, United States, and some countries, where the service is provided by non-government-funded organisations. Australia, ISBNs are issued by the library services agency Thorpe-Bowker
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Mascarita Dorada
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From 2000 until 2007, he worked under the name Mascarita Sagrada in Asistencia Asesoría y Administración, taking over after the original Mascarita Sagrada left AAA. In 2007 he moved from AAA to join Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre he changed name to Mascarita Dorada. After leaving CMLL in 2011, he began wrestling for El Hijo del Santo under the ring name Mascarita Plateada and he is a former two-time Mexican National Mini-Estrella Champion and co-holder of the AAA Mascot Tag Team Championship along with Máscara Sagrada. Mascarita Doradas real name is not a matter of public record, the wrestler who would later become known as Mascarita Dorada made his debut in early 2000 after training under Indio Vitela for over a year. Initially he used the ring name Speedy Gonzales, named after the character of the same name. In late 1999 the original Mascarita Sagrada left Asistencia Asesoría y Administración, leading to AAA owner Antonio Peña searching for a wrestler to take over the mask and outfit. After seeing Speedy Gonzales in the ring Peña immediately signed him to a contract and gave him the name Mascarita Sagrada 2000, the 2000 was dropped from his name within months. His first appearance at a major show came on March 5,2000 when he teamed with Octagoncito and La Parkita to defeat Mini Abismo Negro, Mini Psicosis and Rocky Marvin on the 2000 Rey de Reyes show. In 2001 he made his first Triplemanía appearance at Triplemanía IX where he teamed with La Parkita and Octagoncito to defeat Mini Abismo Negro, Rocky Marvin, on August 6,2001 Mascarita Sagrada defeated Rocky Marvin to win the Mexican National Mini-Estrella Championship. Over the next year Sagrada would defend against Mini Psicosis and Mini Abismo Negro in the two recorded title defenses in his 909-day title reign. On February 1,2004 Mascarita Sagrada lost the Mexican Minis title to Mini Abismo Negro, on November 5,2004 Mascarita Sagrada regained the Mexican Minis title from Mini Abismo Negro. Over the next couple of years Mascarita Sagrada and indeed the entire minis division worked fewer and fewer matches, in 2007 Mascarita Sagrada decided to leave AAA, taking an offer from rival Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre that guaranteed both more money and more ring time. When he left AAA he was still the Mexican National Mini-Estrella Champion and has never officially been stripped of the title, Mascarita Dorada made his debut in late 2007, teaming with Pequeño Olímpico in his first match to defeat Fire and Pequeño Black Warrior. The win earned Mascara Dorada a title match for the CMLL World Mini-Estrella Championship the following week, but lost to then champion Pequeño Damián 666. On March 31,2008 Mascarita Dorada teamed up with Bam Bam and Tzuki to defeat Fire, Pequeño Damián 666, in August,2008 Mascarita Dorada worked a four-date tour of Portugal arranged by the Southern California-based Pro Wrestling Revolution. On three of the nights Dorada defeated Pierrothito in singles matches and on one night he teamed with El Hijo de Rey Misterio to defeat Pierrothito and American Pride. On August 29,2008 Dorada, Fantasy and Pequeño Olímpico lost to Pequeño Damián 666, Pequeño Black Warrior and Pierrothito in the opening match of CMLLs 2008 Sin Piedad show. By the fall of 2008 Mascarita Doradas matches were so well received and he became so popular with the fans that CMLL decided to create a version of the character
