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Film poster
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A film poster is a poster used to promote and advertise a film. Studios often print several posters that vary in size and content for various domestic and they normally contain an image with text. Todays posters often feature photographs of the main actors, prior to the 1990s, illustrations instead of photos were far more common. The text on film posters usually contains the title in large lettering. It may also include a tagline, the name of the director, names of characters, film posters are displayed inside and on the outside of movie theaters, and elsewhere on the street or in shops. The same images appear in the film exhibitors pressbook and may also be used on websites, DVD packaging, flyers, advertisements in newspapers and magazines, film posters have been used since the earliest public exhibitions of film. They began as outside placards listing the programme of films to be shown inside the hall or movie theater, by the early 1900s, they began to feature illustrations of a film scene or an array of overlaid images from several scenes. Other posters have used artistic interpretations of a scene or even the theme of the film, as an economy measure, the NSS regularly recycled posters that were returned, sending them back out to be used again at another theater. During this time, a film could stay in circulation for several years and those posters which were not returned were often thrown away by the theater owner, but some found their way into the hands of collectors. Today there is a thriving market in film posters, some have become very valuable. The record price for a poster was set on November 15,2005 when $690,000 was paid for a poster of Fritz Langs 1927 film Metropolis from the Reel Poster Gallery in London. The 1931 Frankenstein six-sheet poster, of only one copy is known to exist, is considered to be the most valuable film poster in the world. Over the years, old Bollywood posters, especially with hand-painted art, have become collectors items, occasionally, rare film posters have been found being used as insulation in attics and walls. In 2011,33 film posters, including a Dracula Style F one-sheet, from 1930-1931 were discovered in an attic in Berwick, Pennsylvania, as a result of market demand, some of the more popular older film posters have been reproduced either under license or illegally. Although the artwork on reproductions is the same as originals, reproductions can often be distinguished by size, printing quality, several websites on the Internet offer authentication tests to distinguish originals from reproductions. Original film posters distributed to theaters and other venues by the movie studios are never sold directly to the public. However, most modern posters are produced in quantities and often become available for purchase by collectors indirectly through various secondary markets such as eBay. Accordingly, most modern posters are not as valuable, however some recent posters, such as the recalled Pulp Fiction Lucky Strike U. S. one sheet poster, are quite rare
2.
Mark Robson
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Mark Robson was a Canadian-born film director, producer and editor. Robson began his 45-year career in Hollywood as a film editor and he later began working as a director and producer. He directed thirty-four films during his career including The Bridges at Toko-Ri, Peyton Place, for which he earned his first Academy Award nomination, Von Ryans Express, Robson died of a heart attack after shooting his final film, Avalanche Express, in 1978. The film was released a year after his death, born in Montreal, Quebec, he attended Roslyn High School and Westmount High School in Montreal. He later studied at the University of California, Los Angeles, Robson then found work in the prop department at 20th Century Fox studios. He eventually went to work at RKO Pictures where he began training as a film editor, in 1940 he worked as an assistant to Robert Wise on the editing of Citizen Kane in addition to several other films. Both he and Wise benefited tremendously from producer and screenwriter Val Lewton, later, Lewton was instrumental in promoting Robson to the directors chair for films such as The Seventh Victim, Robsons first directing credit and the troubled Isle of the Dead. That same year, he directed the popular romance My Foolish Heart and Home of the Brave, Robson was nominated by the DGA again for the war drama The Bridges at Toko-Ri, starring William Holden and Grace Kelly. For these films he also received his third and fourth Directors Guild of America nominations, Robson also produced a number of films which he also directed including Von Ryans Express in 1965. He directed 1967s Valley of the Dolls, a film panned by the critics, in 1974 he directed Earthquake, the film that introduced Sensurround. On 20 June 1978, Robson died of an attack in London after completing Avalanche Express. The film was released a year after his death and he is interred in Mount Sinai Memorial Park Cemetery in Los Angeles. For his contribution to the picture industry, Mark Robson has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 1722 Vine Street
3.
Jerry Wald
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Jerry Wald was an American screenwriter and a producer of films and radio programs. Born Jerome Irving Wald to a Jewish family in Brooklyn, New York, he had a brother and he began writing a radio column for the New York Evening Graphic, while studying at New York University. The Lusty Men, and Clash by Night, krasna and Wald dissolved their partnership because of interference from Howard Hughes, then head of RKO, in their productions. Wald went on to produce Peyton Place, An Affair to Remember, In Love and War, The Sound and the Fury, Sons and Lovers, Return to Peyton Place and he also produced the Academy Awards telecast twice, the ceremonies for 1957 and 1958. He received four Academy Award nominations as producer of the nominees for Best Picture, Mildred Pierce, Johnny Belinda, Peyton Place and Sons. Although he never won a competitive Academy Award, he was awarded the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award in 1949, Wald is often cited as the real-life inspiration for the character Sammy Glick in the novel What Makes Sammy Run by Budd Schulberg. Jerry Wald, was a close friend to Joan Crawford in the forties, offering her many parts often considered to be the of career including Mildred Pierce. He convinced director Michael Curtis that she could do the picture and that she would succeed in the role, after her career at Warners fizzled out slowly even though she wished to remain with Warners, after years of reinventing herself, she bought out her contract. Afterwards, she bought the rights to a screenplay called Sudden Fear which brought her a third Academy Award nomination for Best Actress in 1953. Jerry Wald remains as a producer and after the movies he made with Joan Crawford. Wald married Constance Emily Connie Polan on December 25,1941, Wald died, aged 50, at his home in Beverly Hills, California from a heart attack. His widow, Connie Wald, was a California socialite and hostess, Jerry Wald at the Internet Movie Database Jerry Wald at Find a Grave
4.
John Michael Hayes
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John Michael Hayes was an American screenwriter, who scripted four of Alfred Hitchcocks films in the 1950s. Hayes was born in Worcester, Massachusetts to John Michael Hayes Sr. Hayes Sr. was a tool and die maker but had performed as a song and dance man on the Keith-Orpheum vaudeville circuit earlier in life. As a child, Hayes missed much of his career from second grade through fifth grade due to ear infections. During that time away from school, he discovered a love of reading. In junior high school, he became a writer on The Spectator, the school newspaper. His work brought him to the attention of Worcesters Evening Gazette, later stints with the Worcester Telegram and a profile in The Christian Science Monitor led to a job with the Associated Press. Working diligently, Hayes managed to amass enough money to attend Massachusetts State College, at college, Hayes became interested in radio and won a contest to write radio stories for Crosley Corporation in Cincinnati, Ohio. Following a period in the US Army during World War II, Hayes moved to California and his success in radio led to an invitation from Universal-International Pictures to write screenplays. His first screen credit was for Redball Express in 1952 and his adaptation of Grace Metaliouss steamy bestseller, Peyton Place, earned him an Academy Award nomination. Hayes collaborated with director Alfred Hitchcock on four films, Rear Window, To Catch a Thief, The Trouble with Harry and their first collaboration, Rear Window, is considered by many critics to be one of Hitchcocks best and most thrilling pictures. The Man Who Knew Too Much, a remake of Hitchcocks 1934 film of the name, became one of the most financially successful films of its year of release. After several years of retirement, Hayes resurfaced to co-write director Charles Haids family adventure drama Iron Will, starring Kevin Spacey and he taught film writing at Dartmouth College until he retired in 2000. In 2001, Hayess collaboration with Alfred Hitchcock was the subject of the book Writing with Hitchcock by Steven DeRosa, in 2004, Hayes was the recipient of the Writers Guild of Americas highest honor, the Screen Laurel Award. Hayes died of natural causes on November 19,2008, in Hanover, a movie based upon Writing with Hitchcock is currently in development and a new edition was published in 2011 containing additional material
5.
Peyton Place (novel)
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Peyton Place is a 1956 novel by Grace Metalious. It sold 60 000 copies within the first ten days of its release, the novel spawned a franchise that would run through four decades. An NBC daytime soap opera, titled Return to Peyton Place, ran from 1972 to 1974, the story starts in 1937 and continues through the years following World War II. Grace Metalious and her husband George first considered Potter Place, realizing their town should have a fictional name, they looked through an atlas and found Payton. They combined that with Place and changed the a to an e, thus, Peyton Place was created, prompting her comment, Wonderful—thats it, George. Truly a composite of all small towns where ugliness rears its head, several characters and events were drawn from events in nearby towns and people Metalious actually knew. In the novel, Selena kills her stepfather, since incest was considered too taboo for readers at the time, Metalious editor Kitty Messner made the change, much to the authors dismay and disapproval. Constance leaves Peyton Place for New York City at an age and meets a man in the publishing business named Allison MacKenzie. Constance becomes pregnant with Allisons child, but Allison dies a few years after his daughter -also named Allison - is born. Both Constance and her daughter adopt Allisons last name before the two return to Peyton Place as a widow and child, and Constance alters her daughters birth date to make her appear legitimate. In Peyton Place, Nellie marries Lucas Cross shortly after their daughter Selenas birth, paul, Lucass son and Selenas stepbrother, left Peyton Place after he accused Lucas of stealing his money. Nellie and Lucas later had a child lives with the couple and Selena in the shacks. When Selena turned 14 years old, Lucas began to abuse her, impregnating her, the doctor made Lucas leave town, and after she discovered this, Nellie committed suicide by hanging. Leslie Harrington, the richest man in town, was shattered when he lost his son, Rodney. Novelist Barbara Delinsky, author of the fictional Looking for Peyton Place, summarized the storyline of Peyton Place on her website, with the introduction of the small New Hampshire town and its characters, the social strata are clearly defined. Most noted among the well-to-do are Leslie Harrington, owner of the mill, and his spoiled son Rodney, the towns middle class is represented by the books two main characters, Constance MacKenzie and her daughter Allison. The impoverished of the town are represented by Selena Cross and her family, the town is a character itself, a seductively beautiful facade that hides a plethora of ills. Allison, who has few friends, dreams alternately about her wonderful father, meanwhile, Peyton Places power elite gather to discuss ways of manipulating zoning laws to rid the town of tar-paper shacks
6.
Grace Metalious
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Grace Metalious was an American author known for her controversial novel Peyton Place, one of the best-selling works in publishing history. Marie Grace DeRepentigny was born into poverty and a home in the mill town of Manchester, New Hampshire. At Manchester Central High School she acted in plays, and after graduation, she married George Metalious in a Catholic church in Manchester in 1943, thus becoming a housewife. The couple lived in near squalor but she continued to write, with one child, the couple moved to Durham, New Hampshire, where George attended the University of New Hampshire. In Durham, Grace Metalious began writing seriously, when George graduated, he took a position as principal at a school in Gilmanton, New Hampshire. In the fall of 1954, at the age of 30, the novel had the working title The Tree and the Blossom. By the spring of 1955, she had finished a first draft, by her husbands account, both Metaliouses regarded The Tree and the Blossom as an unwieldy title and decided to give the town a name which could be the books title. Realizing their town should have a name, they looked through an atlas. They combined this with Place and changed the a to an e, thus, Peyton Place was born, prompting her comment, Wonderful—thats it, George. Truly a composite of all small towns where ugliness rears its head, other accounts cite her publishers as changing the name. Metalious found an agent, M. Jacques Chambrun, who submitted the manuscript to three major publishers. In the summer of 1955 Leona Nevler, a manuscript reader, read it for Lippincott and liked it. She showed it to Kathryn G. Messner, president and editor in chief of the small firm Julian Messner, Messner immediately acquired the novel and asked Nevler to step in as a freelance editor for final polishing before publication. In the summer of 1956, the Metalious family moved into a new house. Dismissed by most critics, it remained on The New York Times bestseller list for more than a year. Hollywood lost no time in cashing in on the books success—a year after its publication, a prime time television series that aired on ABC-TV from 1964 through 1969 was a ratings success as well. Metalious was promoted by her publisher in a photo captioned Pandora in Blue Jeans and her other novels sold well but never achieved the same success as her first. Return to Peyton Place was followed by The Tight White Collar, suffering from cirrhosis of the liver from years of heavy drinking, Metalious died on February 25,1964, age 39
7.
Lana Turner
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Lana Turner was an American actress. Over the course of her nearly fifty-year career, Turner would achieve notoriety as both a model and a serious dramatic actress, as well as for her highly publicized personal life. In 1951, she was named the most glamorous woman in the history of international art, Turner was discovered in 1937 by William R. Wilkerson, founder of The Hollywood Reporter. At the age of 16, she was signed to a contract by Warner Bros. director Mervyn LeRoy. Turner attracted attention in her first film, LeRoys They Wont Forget and her auburn hair was bleached blonde for a 1939 film at MGM, and she remained blonde for the rest of her life, except for a few film roles. During the early 1940s, Turner established herself as an actress in such films as Johnny Eager, Honky Tonk, Ziegfeld Girl. She appeared in the 1941 horror film Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and her popularity continued through the 1950s in such films as The Bad and the Beautiful and Peyton Place, for which she was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress. Turners next film, Imitation of Life, proved to be one of the greatest financial successes of her career, Turner spent most of the 1970s and early 1980s in semiretirement, only working occasionally. In 1982, she accepted a much publicized and lucrative recurring guest role in the television series Falcon Crest, Turner made her final film appearance in 1985, and died from throat cancer in 1995, aged 74. Lana Turner was born Julia Jean Turner on February 8,1921, in the mining town of Wallace. She was of Dutch, English, Irish, and Scottish ancestry, until her film career took off, young Julia Turner was known to family and friends as Judy. Turner expressed interest in performance at an age, performing short routines at her fathers Elks chapter in Wallace. Hard times eventually forced the family to relocate to San Francisco, California, on December 14,1930, her father won some money at a traveling craps game, stuffed his winnings in his left sock, and headed for home. He was later murdered on the corner of Minnesota and Mariposa Streets, on the edge of San Franciscos Potrero Hill. The robbery and homicide were never solved, Turner attended a Catholic church in Stockton, California with a local family. She converted to Catholicism taking the saints names Mildred Frances after her mother, in the mid-1930s, Mildred developed health problems and was advised by her doctor to move to a drier climate, she moved to Los Angeles with her daughter in 1936. Mildred and Lana were very poor, and Turner was sometimes separated from her mother and her mother worked eighty hours a week as a beautician to support them. After Turner was discovered, her mother became the overseer of her career, Turners discovery in Hollywood is considered by film historians to be a show-business legend
8.
Hope Lange
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Hope Elise Ross Lange was an American film, stage, and television actress. Lange was nominated for the Best Supporting Actress Golden Globe and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her portrayal of Selena Cross in the 1957 film Peyton Place. In 1969 and 1970, she won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series for her role as Carolyn Muir in the sitcom The Ghost & Mrs. Muir, Lange was born into a theatrical family in Redding, Connecticut. Her father, John George Lange, was a cellist and the arranger for Florenz Ziegfeld and conductor for Henry Cohen, her mother. They had three daughters, Minelda, Joy, and Hope, and a son, David, John worked in New York City and the family moved to Greenwich Village when Hope was a young child. Lange sang with other children in the play Life, Laughter and Tears, at age 9, Lange had a speaking part in the award-winning Broadway play The Patriots, which opened in January 1943. John Lange died in September 1942 but the family stayed in New York City, Minette ran a restaurant on Macdougal Street near Washington Square Park from 1944 to 1956. The name was Minettes of Washington Square, although some sources confuse it with Minetta Tavern, the entire family worked in the restaurant, the oldest daughter, Minelda, ran the cash register while Joy and Hope waited on tables. While attending high school, Lange studied dance, modeled, and she sometimes walked the dog of former First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt, who had a nearby apartment. When her photo appeared in the newspaper, she received an offer to work as a New York City advertising model and she appeared on the June 1949 cover of Radio-Electronics magazine wearing the Man from Mars Radio Hat. This portable radio built into a helmet was a sensation in 1949. Lange attended college for two years at Reed College in Oregon and at Barmore Junior College in New York and she met her first husband, Don Murray, at Barmore. She began working in television in the 1950s with appearances on Kraft Television Theatre, Lange came to prominence in her first film role in Bus Stop with Marilyn Monroe and Don Murray, whom she married on April 14,1956. Murray later said that Monroe grew jealous of another blonde being hired for the movie, as a result of favorable reviews, Lange landed a major role in the then-risqué1957 film Peyton Place. Her strong performance earned her a nomination for a Golden Globe Award and she would become a rather well-recognized supporting actress of ingénue roles. Lange later said that she became somewhat typecast in her film appearances. She went on to appear in Nicholas Rays 1957 film, The True Story of Jesse James as James wife and she appeared in The Young Lions alongside Montgomery Clift. She starred as the wife of Jeffrey Hunters character in Anton Myrers wartime drama In Love and these roles eventually led to Lange earning top billing in 1959s The Best of Everything, with Suzy Parker and Joan Crawford
9.
Lee Philips
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For similarly named individuals, see Lee Phillips Lee Philips was an American actor and television director. Philips acting career started on Broadway, and peaked with a role as Michael Rossi in the film adaptation of Peyton Place opposite Lana Turner. In the 1960s his career shifted towards directing, with credits ranging from the series of Peyton Place to The Dick Van Dyke Show. He still did occasional acting, such as his appearance in 1963 in Never Wave Goodbye, also guest starred on the Combat. Episode, A Walk with an Eagle and he directed Dick Van Dyke on several episodes of Diagnosis, Murder. In 1973 he directed The Girl Most Likely to, Philips died from progressive supranuclear palsy seven-and-a-half weeks past his 72nd birthday. Lee Philips at the Internet Movie Database Lee Philips at the Internet Broadway Database Lee Philips at Find a Grave
10.
Diane Varsi
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She left Hollywood in order to pursue personal and artistic aims, notably at Bennington College in Vermont, where she studied poetry with poet and translator Ben Belitt, among others. Varsi was born in San Mateo, California, a suburb of San Francisco, the daughter of Beatrice and Russell Varsi. Varsi unsuccessfully tried to become a model, while in high school, she was called an oddball by her classmates. She often played truant from school to visit San Francisco and was labeled a rebel. She dropped out of school in her year at age 15, failing in all studies and saying. I didnt like the social sides - the cliques, around the same time, she married an 18-year-old man. Their marriage was annulled before her son, Shawn, was born and she joined the San Francisco ballet in the 1950s and initially planned to become a folk singer. She later hitchhiked to Los Angeles with a friend, the following year, Varsi shared the Golden Globe Award for New Star Of The Year - Actress with Sandra Dee and Carolyn Jones. Several famous actresses were tested for the role in the big-budget film. She was discovered by producer Buddy Adler, who put her under contract at 20th Century Fox. By the time she was cast, Varsi already had an agent and had been searching for film roles for a long while and she made rounds at several studios, but according to the actress, they all thought she was suitable for character parts only. She was even dropped by her agent in 1956, because he saw no future in her career, even before Peyton Place was released, Adler cast Varsi opposite Don Murray in the western From Hell to Texas. She appeared in the films Ten North Frederick and Compulsion, while filming Ten North Frederick, Varsi suffered a nervous breakdown, collapsed and was hospitalized. She later said, Im still trying to find myself and its still hard for me to separate illusion from reality. I dont know whether acting is the form of creativity best for me, Varsi rejected the role of Meg in the comedy film Holiday for Lovers in January 1959. On March 18,1959, she suddenly left Hollywood, abandoning her contract and she commented on this by saying, Im running away from destruction. She refused to reveal her motives for leaving the industry, explaining it concerned other people as well, however, a week after leaving she stated, Hollywood is too impressed with superficial cheapness. Nevertheless, her contract with Fox did not expire until 1965 and her sudden walkout was for a long time rumoured to be a publicity stunt to promote the sequel to Peyton Place, Return to Peyton Place, to which Varsi was a long time attached. By walking out of her contract, Varsis participation or consideration to several films were cancelled, after leaving Hollywood, Varsi played in several small plays in San Francisco
11.
Arthur Kennedy
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Kennedy was born John Arthur Kennedy on 17 February 1914 in Worcester, Massachusetts, the son of Helen and J. T. Kennedy, a dentist. He attended South High School, Worcester and Worcester Academy, at Carnegie Institute of Technology, Pittsburgh he studied drama, graduating with a B. A. in 1934. Kennedy moved to New York and, billed as John Kennedy and he then toured with a classical repertory company. In September 1937, he made his Broadway debut as Bushy in Maurice Evans Richard II at the St. James Theatre, in 1939 he played Sir Richard Vernon in Evans Henry IV, Part 1. Kennedy got his break when he was discovered by James Cagney and his first film role was of Cagneys younger brother in City for Conquest in 1940. He was equally adept as hero or villain, and was noted for his mastery of complex and he appeared in many Western films and police dramas. During World War II, Kennedy served from 1943 to 1945 in the United States Army Air Forces making aviation training films, many of those films today serve as an historical record of not only how aviators were trained but also how the equipment was operated. Of Kennedys film work, he is perhaps best-remembered for his collaborations with director Anthony Mann and co-star James Stewart on Bend of the River, in both films he played sympathetic villains. He also enjoyed a stage career over the same period. Kennedy also inaugurated three other characters in Miller plays, Chris Keller in All My Sons, John Proctor in The Crucible. In 1961 he played the role in Becket, opposite Laurence Olivier as Henry II. On February 5,1959, Kennedy appeared on the episode Make It Look Good of CBSs Dick Powells Zane Grey Theatre, Kennedy plays Sam Carter, a former Confederate hired as a bank teller in an otherwise all-Union community by the banker Clem Doud, portrayed by Parley Baer. It is revealed that Carter, widely disliked in the town, had for a time been a prisoner of war at Elmira, New York. Carter becomes the partner to two brothers, played by Ed Nelson and Richard Rust, who rob the bank, but he changes his mind. Carter must confront Russ Bowen, one of the brothers who had vowed to harm Carters wife, Jenny, Robert F. Simon plays Sheriff John Hanley. In 1974, Kennedy was a regular in the cast of the short-lived ABC police drama Nakia, with the death of his wife in 1975, failing eyesight, alcoholism, and thyroid cancer, Kennedy was reported as having lost interest in film-making. After Covert Action, his film was Signs of Life. In 1949, Kennedy won a Tony Award for best supporting actor as Biff in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman at the Morosco Theatre, the New York Film Critics named him best actor for Bright Victory
12.
Russ Tamblyn
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Tamblyn who was born in Los Angeles, California, is the son of actors Sally Aileen and Eddie Tamblyn. He is the brother of Larry Tamblyn, organist for the 1960s band The Standells. Discovered at the age of ten by actor Lloyd Bridges after acting in a play and he also appeared on The Ed Sullivan Show as a child. Tamblyn then portrayed the young Saul in Cecil B, deMilles 1949 version of Samson and Delilah. He played the version of John Dalls character in the 1950 film noir Gun Crazy. Later the same year, he had a role as Elizabeth Taylors younger brother in Father of the Bride, as well as in the sequel, released the following year. He also played a soldier in boot camp in 1953s Take the High Ground. His training as a gymnast in high school and abilities as an acrobat prepared him for his role as Gideon. He appeared with Glenn Ford and Broderick Crawford in The Fastest Gun Alive, though uncredited, he served as a choreographer for Elvis Presley in 1957s Jailhouse Rock. Tamblyn portrayed Norman Page in the 1957 film of Peyton Place, Tamblyn then played Tony Baker in 1958s High School Confidential prior to his being drafted into the United States Army. His performances in film musicals have included the role in 1958s Tom Thumb and Danny. His most famous role was Riff, the leader of the Jets in West Side Story. In 1960, he portrayed The Cherokee Kid in Cimarron and he appeared in two 1962 MGM-Cinerama movies, The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm and How the West Was Won. He was seen the year as Orm in The Long Ships, as Luke Sanderson in The Haunting. Tamblyn starred in the 1966 Japanese kaiju film War of the Gargantuas and he appeared in the horror film Necromancer in 1988. Tamblyn played the role in Neil Youngs 1982 Human Highway while also credited for screenplay. Tamblyn is credited as director, choreographer and actor for Neil Youngs Greendale concert tour, in 2011, he portrayed Doc in the action-thriller film Drive. The Academy Film Archive preserved First Film and Rio Reel by Tamblyn, from 1990–91, Tamblyn starred as Dr. Lawrence Jacoby on the David Lynch-created series Twin Peaks, though his scenes in the 1992 film Twin Peaks, Fire Walk with Me were cut
13.
Terry Moore (actress)
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Helen Luella Koford, known as Terry Moore, is an American film and television actress. Born January 7,1929, in Glendale, California, as Helen Luella Koford, Moore grew up in a Mormon family in Los Angeles and she worked as a child model before making her film debut in Maryland in 1940. Moore was billed as Judy Ford, Jan Ford, and January Ford before taking Terry Moore as her name in 1948, Moore worked in radio in the 1940s, most memorably as Bumps Smith on The Smiths of Hollywood. She has starred in several hits, including Mighty Joe Young, Come Back, Little Sheba. She appeared on the cover of Life magazine for July 6,1953, Moores photo was used on the cover of the second issue of the My Diary romance comic book. By the 1960s, Moores film career had faltered and she had begun to appear less frequently in films. However, she did make such as Platinum High School, She Should Have Stayed in Bed, Black Spurs, Town Tamer, Waco. Lacking film roles, Moore appeared on television, in 1962, she appeared as a ranchers daughter in the NBC western Empire. She also appeared on the NBC interview program Heres Hollywood, after the 1960s, Moore semiretired from acting, only completing two films in the 1970s, by the 1980s, though, her career had resumed with minor roles in low-budgeted B-movies. Moore has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 7080 Hollywood Blvd, at age 55, Moore posed nude in the August 1984 issue of Playboy magazine, photographed by Ken Marcus. In 2014, she guest-starred in the role of Lilly Hill on the crime series True Detective, Moores first marriage, in 1951 to American football player and Heisman Trophy winner Mr. Outside, at West Point Glenn Davis, Army, USMA, lasted one year. A subsequent marriage to Eugene McGarth, in 1956, lasted three years, one year after this marriage ended, Moore married Stuart Cramer after his divorce from Jean Peters, one of the two children from this 13-year marriage is actor Grant Cramer. Following the dissolution of marriage in 1972, Moore did not remarry for 20 years. Her 1992 marriage to Jerry Rivers lasted until his death in 2001, official website Terry Moore at the Internet Movie Database Old Skool with Terry and Gita on Star
14.
Franz Waxman
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Franz Waxman – born Franz Wachsmann – was a German and American composer of Jewish descent, known primarily for his work in the film music genre. His film scores include Bride of Frankenstein, Rebecca, Sunset Boulevard, A Place in the Sun, Stalag 17, Rear Window, Peyton Place, The Nuns Story and he received twelve Academy Award nominations, and won two Oscars in consecutive years. He also received a Golden Globe Award for the former film, bernard Herrmann said that the score for Taras Bulba was the most wonderful thing. Waxman also founded the Los Angeles Music Festival in 1947 with which he conducted a number of West Coast premieres by fellow film composers, Waxman was born Franz Wachsmann in Königshütte to Jewish parents in the German Empires Prussian Province of Silesia. At the age of three Waxman suffered an eye injury involving boiling water tipped from a stove, which left his vision permanently impaired. In 1923, at age 16, Waxman enrolled in the Dresden Music Academy and studied composition, Waxman lived from the money he made playing popular music and managed to put himself through school. While working as a pianist with the Weintraub Syncopators, a band, Waxman met Frederick Hollander. Waxman worked as an orchestrator for the German film industry, including on Hollander’s score for The Blue Angel, Waxman’s first dramatic score was for the film Liliom. That year Waxman suffered a beating by Nazi sympathizers in Berlin that led him to leave Germany and move with his wife first to Paris. In Hollywood, Waxman met James Whale, who had been impressed by Waxmans score for Liliom. The success of his score for Whales Bride of Frankenstein led to the young composer’s appointment as Head of Music at Universal Studios, Waxman, however, was more interested in composition than musical direction for film, and in 1936 he left Universal to become a composer at MGM. Waxman scored a number of pictures during the few years. Waxman was frequently called to work on scores of horror or suspense films, Rebecca was Hitchcock’s first Hollywood film as part of his contract with David O. Selznick, and thus it was the first time he was allowed a full symphonic score. Selznick financed the film at the time as he was making Gone With the Wind. Waxman’s score for Rebecca is eerie and ethereal, often setting the mood and as Jack Sullivan put it, becoming a “soundboard for the subconscious. ”In 1943 Waxman left MGM and moved to Warner Bros. where he worked alongside such great film composers as Max Steiner and Erich Wolfgang Korngold. A period of extended composition followed, including such films as Mr. Skeffington and Objective, a climactic scene in Objective, Burma. was scored fugally, and this would become one of Waxmans trademarks, returning in The Spirit of St. Louis and Taras Bulba. In 1947 Waxman formed the Los Angeles Music Festival, for which he served as director and conductor for the rest of his life. Waxmans goal with the LA Music Festival was to bring the town to “European cultural standards”
15.
20th Century Fox
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Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation is an American film studio currently owned by 21st Century Fox. It is one of the Big Six major American film studios and is located in the Century City area of Los Angeles, the studio was formerly owned by News Corporation. 20th Century Fox is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America, in 2015, 20th Century Fox celebrated its 80th anniversary as a studio. Spyros Skouras, then manager of the Fox West Coast Theaters, the studios biggest star, Will Rogers, died in a plane crash weeks after the merger. Its leading female star, Janet Gaynor, was fading in popularity and promising leading men James Dunn, at first, it was expected that the new company was originally to be called Fox-20th Century, even though 20th Century was the senior partner in the merger. However, 20th Century brought more to the bargaining table besides Schenck and Zanuck, the new company, 20th Century-Fox Film Corporation, began trading on May 31,1935, the hyphen was dropped in 1985. Schenck became Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, while Kent remained as President, Zanuck became Vice President in Charge of Production, replacing Foxs longtime production chief Winfield Sheehan. The company established a training school. The contracts included an option for renewal for as long as seven years. For many years, 20th Century Fox claimed to have founded in 1915. For instance, it marked 1945 as its 30th anniversary, however, in recent years it has claimed the 1935 merger as its founding, even though most film historians agree it was founded in 1915. The companys films retained the 20th Century Pictures searchlight logo on their credits as well as its opening fanfare. Also on the Fox payroll he found two players who he built up into the studios leading assets, Alice Faye and seven-year-old Shirley Temple, favoring popular biographies and musicals, Zanuck built Fox back to profitability. Thanks to record attendance during World War II, Fox overtook RKO, while Zanuck went off for eighteen months war service, junior partner William Goetz kept profits high by going for light entertainment. The studios—indeed the industrys—biggest star was creamy blonde Betty Grable, in 1942, Spyros Skouras succeeded Kent as president of the studio. Together with Zanuck, who returned in 1943, they intended to make Foxs output more serious-minded. During the next few years, with pictures like The Razors Edge, Wilson, Gentlemans Agreement, The Snake Pit, Boomerang, and Pinky, Zanuck established a reputation for provocative, adult films. Fox also specialized in adaptations of best-selling books such as Ben Ames Williams Leave Her to Heaven, starring Gene Tierney and they also made the 1958 film version of South Pacific
16.
Camden, Maine
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Camden is a town in Knox County, Maine, United States. The population was 4,850 at the 2010 census, the population of the town more than triples during the summer months, due to tourists and summer residents. Camden is a summer colony in the Mid-Coast region of Maine. Similar to Bar Harbor, Nantucket and North Haven, Camden is well known for its community of wealthy Northeasterners, mostly from Boston, New York. Penobscot Abenaki Indians called the area Megunticook, meaning great swells of the sea, part of the Waldo Patent, it remained wilderness until after the French and Indian War. It was first settled about 1771–1772 by James Richards, who built a home at the mouth of the Megunticook River, others soon followed, some making modest attempts to farm the broken and often mountainous terrain. The first home in the area was the Conway House, a Cape Cod style home built in 1770, in 1962, it was purchased and renovated into a history museum. When Castine was held by the British in 1779, Camden became a point and encampment for the Americans. During a raid, the British burned a sawmill, during the War of 1812, a battery was built atop Mount Battie near the village. It had both a 12- and 18-pounder gun, but no gunner qualified to operate them, nevertheless, the forts appearance of readiness kept the British at bay. When peace returned, Camden grew rapidly, the Megunticook River provided excellent water power sites for mills. In addition to sawmills and gristmills, by 1858 the town had factories, sash and blind factories. There were six shipyards, launching ten to twelve vessels annually, in the 1880s, sportsmen and rusticators, began to discover the natural beauty of Camden during the summer and autumn, becoming seasonal residents. In 1880, Edwin Dillingham built the first purpose-built summer cottages in Camden on Dillingham Point, thereafter, the summer colony at Camden quickly grew to include some of the wealthiest, most prominent families in the country. The summer people arrived on the Boston Boats or on the Maine Central Railroad at Rockland, local residents, who had formerly gone to sea to earn a living, found jobs as caretakers, gardeners, and carpenters to the rich and powerful. In November 1892, a fire fed by a strong easterly wind-burned the business district to the ground, immediately, Camden businessmen drew together to make the tremendous investment to build 12 large brick buildings, including the Camden Opera House and, controversially, the Masonic Temple. The Great Fire, as it known, did not, however. Indeed, in 1897 a road was built to the top of Mt. Battie, in 1898, a group of wealthy summer residents from Philadelphia established the Megunticook Golf Club on Beauchamp Point
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New England
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New England is a geographical region comprising six states of the northeast United States, Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. It is bordered by the state of New York to the west and south, the Atlantic Ocean is to the east and southeast, and Long Island Sound is to the south. Its largest metropolitan area is Greater Boston, which also includes Worcester, Manchester, ten years later, more Puritans settled north of Plymouth Colony in Boston, thus forming Massachusetts Bay Colony. Over the next 126 years, people in the region fought in four French and Indian Wars, until the British and their Iroquois allies defeated the French and their Algonquin allies in North America. In 1692, the town of Salem, Massachusetts and surrounding areas experienced one of the most infamous cases of hysteria in the history of the Western Hemisphere. The Boston Tea Party was a protest to which Britain responded with a series of punitive laws stripping Massachusetts of self-government, the confrontation led to the first battles of the American Revolutionary War in 1775, and the expulsion of the British authorities from the region in spring 1776. Each state is subdivided into small incorporated municipalities known as towns. The only unincorporated areas in the region exist in the populated northern regions of Vermont, New Hampshire. The region is one of the U. S. Census Bureaus nine regional divisions, the earliest known inhabitants of New England were American Indians who spoke a variety of the Eastern Algonquian languages. Prominent tribes included the Abenaki, Mikmaq, Penobscot, Pequot, Mohegans, Narragansett Indians, Pocumtuck, prior to the arrival of Europeans, the Western Abenakis inhabited New Hampshire, New York, and Vermont, as well as parts of Quebec and western Maine. Their principal town was Norridgewock in present-day Maine, the Penobscot lived along the Penobscot River in Maine. The Narragansett and smaller tribes under Narragansett sovereignty lived in most of modern-day Rhode Island, west of Narragansett Bay, the Wampanoag occupied southeastern Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and the islands of Marthas Vineyard and Nantucket. The Pocumtucks lived in Western Massachusetts, and the Mohegan and Pequot tribes in the Connecticut region, the Connecticut River Valley includes parts of Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and Connecticut, and linked different indigenous communities culturally, linguistically, and politically. As early as 1600, French, Dutch, and English traders began exploring the New World, trading metal, glass, on April 10,1606, King James I of England issued a charter for each of the Virginia Companies, London and Plymouth. These were privately funded ventures, intended to land for England, conduct trade. In 1620, Plymouth in present-day Massachusetts was settled by Pilgrims from the Mayflower, in 1616, English explorer John Smith named the region New England. As the first colonists arrived in Plymouth, they wrote and signed the Mayflower Compact, the Massachusetts Bay Colony came to dominate the area and was established by royal charter in 1629 with its major town and port of Boston established in 1630. Massachusetts Puritans began to settle in Connecticut as early as 1633, roger Williams was banished from Massachusetts for heresy, led a group south, and founded Providence Plantation in the area that became the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations in 1636
18.
World War II
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World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although related conflicts began earlier. It involved the vast majority of the worlds countries—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing alliances, the Allies and the Axis. It was the most widespread war in history, and directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. Marked by mass deaths of civilians, including the Holocaust and the bombing of industrial and population centres. These made World War II the deadliest conflict in human history, from late 1939 to early 1941, in a series of campaigns and treaties, Germany conquered or controlled much of continental Europe, and formed the Axis alliance with Italy and Japan. Under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of August 1939, Germany and the Soviet Union partitioned and annexed territories of their European neighbours, Poland, Finland, Romania and the Baltic states. In December 1941, Japan attacked the United States and European colonies in the Pacific Ocean, and quickly conquered much of the Western Pacific. The Axis advance halted in 1942 when Japan lost the critical Battle of Midway, near Hawaii, in 1944, the Western Allies invaded German-occupied France, while the Soviet Union regained all of its territorial losses and invaded Germany and its allies. During 1944 and 1945 the Japanese suffered major reverses in mainland Asia in South Central China and Burma, while the Allies crippled the Japanese Navy, thus ended the war in Asia, cementing the total victory of the Allies. World War II altered the political alignment and social structure of the world, the United Nations was established to foster international co-operation and prevent future conflicts. The victorious great powers—the United States, the Soviet Union, China, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union and the United States emerged as rival superpowers, setting the stage for the Cold War, which lasted for the next 46 years. Meanwhile, the influence of European great powers waned, while the decolonisation of Asia, most countries whose industries had been damaged moved towards economic recovery. Political integration, especially in Europe, emerged as an effort to end pre-war enmities, the start of the war in Europe is generally held to be 1 September 1939, beginning with the German invasion of Poland, Britain and France declared war on Germany two days later. The dates for the beginning of war in the Pacific include the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War on 7 July 1937, or even the Japanese invasion of Manchuria on 19 September 1931. Others follow the British historian A. J. P. Taylor, who held that the Sino-Japanese War and war in Europe and its colonies occurred simultaneously and this article uses the conventional dating. Other starting dates sometimes used for World War II include the Italian invasion of Abyssinia on 3 October 1935. The British historian Antony Beevor views the beginning of World War II as the Battles of Khalkhin Gol fought between Japan and the forces of Mongolia and the Soviet Union from May to September 1939, the exact date of the wars end is also not universally agreed upon. It was generally accepted at the time that the war ended with the armistice of 14 August 1945, rather than the formal surrender of Japan
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Homicide
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Homicide refers to one human killing another. These different types of homicides are often treated differently in human societies, some are considered crimes. Criminal homicide takes many forms including accidental or purposeful murder, the crime committed in a criminal homicide is determined by the mental state of the committing person and the extent of the crime. Instead, the individual is placed under the category of “insane”, in some jurisdictions, a homicide that occurs during the commission of a crime may constitute murder, regardless of the actors intent to commit homicide. In the United States, this is known as the felony murder rule, criminal homicides also include voluntary and involuntary manslaughter. An example of voluntary manslaughter is hitting someone with an intent to kill them, the perpetrator does not receive the same legal action against them as a person convicted of murder. While most homicides by civilians are criminally prosecutable, a right of self-defense is widely recognized, including, in dire circumstances and it goes like this, They needed killing. In essence, it was a justification for murder in the old days in Texas that the victim had horrible or violent character, a Texas jury which accepts this controversial Texas defense is hypothetically free to acquit the defendant, even if that involves disregarding the judges instructions. Penalization of juries for employing jury nullification has been forbidden since 1670 under the precedent known as Bushels Case, homicides may also be non-criminal when conducted with the sanction of the state. The most obvious examples are capital punishment, in which the state punishes a criminal with death, homicides committed in action during war are usually not subject to criminal prosecution either. Sources included multiple agencies and field offices of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, the report estimated that in 2010, the total number of homicides globally was 468,000. More than a third occurred in Africa, 31% in the Americas, 27% in Asia, 5% in Europe and 1% in Oceania. Since 1995, the rate has been falling in Europe, North America, and Asia, but has risen to a near “crisis point” in Central America. Of all homicides worldwide, 82% of the victims were men, on a per-capita scaled level, the homicide rate in Africa and the Americas is more than double the global average, whereas in Asia, Europe and Oceania it is roughly half. UNODC, in its 2013 global report, estimated the number of homicides worldwide dropped to 437,000 in 2012. Americas accounted for 36% of all homicides globally, Africa 31%, Asia 28%, Europe 5% and Oceania 0. 3%. The worlds average homicide rate stood at 6.2 per 100,000 population in 2012 and they are the most violent regions globally, outside of regions experiencing wars and religious or sociopolitical terrorism. Asia exclusive of West Asia and Central Asia, Western Europe, Northern Europe, about 41% of the homicides worldwide occurred in 2012 with the use of guns, 24% with sharp objects such as knife, and 35% by other means such as poison
20.
Incest
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Incest is sexual activity between family members or close relatives. The incest taboo is and has one of the most widespread of all cultural taboos. Most modern societies have laws regarding incest or social restrictions on closely consanguineous marriages, in societies where it is illegal, consensual adult incest is seen by some as a victimless crime. Some cultures extend the incest taboo to relatives with no consanguinity such as milk-siblings, stepsiblings, third-degree relatives on average share 12. 5% genes, and sexual relations between them is viewed differently in various cultures, from being discouraged to being socially acceptable. The children of incestuous relationships were regarded as illegitimate, and are still so regarded in some societies today, in most cases, the parents did not have the option to marry to remove that status, as incestuous marriages were, and are, normally also prohibited. A common justification for prohibiting incest is avoiding inbreeding, a collection of genetic disorders suffered by the children of parents with a genetic relationship. But inbreeding is not the basis for the incest taboo for two reasons. First, most prohibitions on incest cover affinity relationships—that is, relationships created by marriage —as well as created by adoption. And second, the incest taboo also applies to non-procreative sex—for example, some societies, such as the Balinese and some Inuit tribes, have different views about what constitutes illegal and immoral incest. However, sexual relations with a first-degree relative are almost universally forbidden, the English word incest is derived from the Latin incestus, which has a general meaning of impure, unchaste. It was introduced into Middle English, both in the generic Latin sense and in the modern sense. The derived adjective incestuous appears in the 16th century, before the Latin term came in, incest was known in Old English as sib-leger or mǣġhǣmed but in time, both words fell out of use. In ancient China, first cousins with the surnames were not permitted to marry. Several of the Egyptian Pharaohs married their siblings and had children with them. For example, Tutankhamun married his half-sister Ankhesenamun, and was himself the child of an union between Akhenaten and an unidentified sister-wife. It is now accepted that sibling marriages were widespread among all classes in Egypt during the Graeco-Roman period. Numerous papyri and the Roman census declarations attest to many husbands and wives being brother and sister, in the sequel to Oedipus, Antigone, his four children are also punished for their parents incestuousness. Incest appears in the accepted version of the birth of Adonis
21.
Morality
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Morality is the differentiation of intentions, decisions, and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper. Morality may also be synonymous with goodness or rightness. Moral philosophy includes moral ontology, or the origin of morals, as well as moral epistemology, an example of normative ethical philosophy is the Golden Rule, which states that, One should treat others as one would like others to treat oneself. Immorality is the opposition to morality, while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward. Ethics is the branch of philosophy which addresses questions of morality, the word ethics is commonly used interchangeably with morality, and sometimes it is used more narrowly to mean the moral principles of a particular tradition, group, or individual. It does not connote objective claims of right or wrong, descriptive ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in this sense. In its normative sense, morality refers to whatever is actually right or wrong, normative ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in this sense. For example, while they might concede that forces of social conformity significantly shape individuals moral decisions and this may be the philosophical view propounded by ethical naturalists, however not all moral realists accept that position. Moral anti-realism, on the hand, holds that moral statements either fail or do not even attempt to report objective moral facts. Some forms of non-cognitivism and ethical subjectivism, while considered anti-realist in the robust sense used here, are considered realist in the sense synonymous with moral universalism, celia Green made a distinction between tribal and territorial morality. She characterizes the latter as predominantly negative and proscriptive, it defines a persons territory, including his or her property and dependents, apart from these proscriptions, territorial morality is permissive, allowing the individual whatever behaviour does not interfere with the territory of another. By contrast, tribal morality is prescriptive, imposing the norms of the collective on the individual, Green relates the development of territorial morality to the rise of the concept of private property, and the ascendancy of contract over status. Some observers hold that individuals apply distinct sets of rules to people depending on their membership of an in-group or an out-group. Some biologists, anthropologists and evolutionary psychologists believe this in-group/out-group discrimination has evolved because it enhances group survival and this belief has been confirmed by simple computational models of evolution. In simulations this discrimination can result in both unexpected cooperation towards the in-group and irrational hostility towards the out-group, falger have argued that nationalism and patriotism are forms of this in-group/out-group boundary. Jonathan Haidt has noted that experimental observation indicating an in-group criterion provides one moral foundation substantially used by conservatives, peterson and Seligman approach the anthropological view looking across cultures, geo-cultural areas and across millennia. They conclude that certain virtues have prevailed in all cultures they examined, the major virtues they identified include wisdom / knowledge, courage, humanity, justice, temperance, and transcendence. Each of these includes several divisions, for instance humanity includes love, kindness, and social intelligence
22.
Hypocrisy
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It is the practice of engaging in the same behavior or activity for which one criticizes another. In moral psychology, it is the failure to follow ones own expressed moral rules and principles, American political journalist Michael Gerson says that political hypocrisy is the conscious use of a mask to fool the public and gain political benefit. Hypocrisy has been a subject of wisdom and wisdom literature from the beginnings of human history. The word hypocrisy comes from the Greek ὑυπόκρισις, which means jealous, play-acting, acting out, alternatively, the word is an amalgam of the Greek prefix hypo-, meaning under, and the verb krinein, meaning to sift or decide. Thus the original meaning implied a deficiency in the ability to sift or decide and this deficiency, as it pertains to ones own beliefs and feelings, informs the words contemporary meaning. Whereas hypokrisis applied to any sort of performance, hypokrites was a technical term for a stage actor and was not considered an appropriate role for a public figure. This negative view of the hypokrites, perhaps combined with the Roman disdain for actors and it is this later sense of hypokrisis as play-acting, i. e. the assumption of a counterfeit persona, that gives the modern word hypocrisy its negative connotation. He assumes that politics is worthwhile, but since it is linked to lying and hypocrisy. Hypocrisy became a topic in English political history in the early 18th century. The Toleration Act of 1689 allowed for rights, but it left Protestant Nonconformists deprived of important rights. Nonconformists who wanted office ostentatiously took the Anglican sacrament once a year in order to avoid the restrictions, high Church Anglicans were outraged and outlawed what they called occasional conformity in 1711 with the Occasional Conformity Act 1711. This campaign of moderation versus zealotry, peaked in 1709 during the impeachment trial of high church preacher Henry Sacheverell, historian Mark Knights, argues that by its very ferocity, the debate may have led to more temperate and less hypercharged political discourse. Occasional conformity was restored by the Whigs when they returned to power in 1719, English author Bernard Mandeville famous s Fable of the Bees explored the nature of hypocrisy in contemporary European society. On the one hand, Mandeville was an heir to the French Augustinianism of the previous century, viewing sociability as a mere mask for vanity. On the other, he was a ‘materialist’ who helped found modern economics and he tried to demonstrate the universality of human appetites for corporeal pleasures. He argued that the efforts of self-seeking entrepreneurs are the basis of emerging commercial and industrial society, in the Enlightenment of the 18th century, discussions of hypocrisy were common in the works of Voltaire, Rousseau, and Montaigne. In the 1750 to 1850 era, Whig aristocrats in England boasted of their special benevolence for the common people and they claimed to be guiding and counseling reform initiatives to prevent the outbreaks of popular discontent that caused instability and revolution across Europe. Mitchell defends the Whigs, pointing out that thanks to them radicals always had friends at the centre of the political elite and he points out that the debates on the 1832 Reform Bill showed that reformers would indeed receive a hearing at parliamentary level with a good chance of success
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Betty Field
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Not to be confused with the British actress, Betty Fields Betty Field was an American film and stage actress. Field was born in Boston, Massachusetts, to George and Katharine She began acting before she reached age 15 and she attended the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York City. Producer/director George Abbott is credited with having discovered Field, Field began her acting career in 1934 on the London stage in Howard Lindsays farce, She Loves Me Not. Following its run she returned to the United States and appeared in stage successes, before making her film debut in 1939. Her final stage performances were in three productions at Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts in 1971, Field had to overcome obstacles early in her film career. A1942 newspaper article reported, When Betty Field was first signed for pictures, but shes not pretty, was the first objection. And her mouth is too large, Fields role as Mae, the sole female character, in Of Mice and Men established her as a dramatic actress. She starred opposite John Wayne in the 1941 film The Shepherd of the Hills, Field played a supporting, yet significant role as Cassandra Tower in Kings Row. Her final film role was in Coogans Bluff in 1968 and she also appeared on television series such as General Electric Theater, Alfred Hitchcock Presents, Dr. Kildare and many more. Field played Mary Aldrich on The Aldrich Family and her first marriage, to playwright Elmer Rice, ended in divorce in May 1956. The couple had three children, John, Paul and Judith, John became a lawyer, but he died in a swimming accident at age 40. Her second marriage, to Edwin J. Lukas, lasted from 1957–1967 and her third marriage, to Raymond Olivere, lasted from 1968 until her death in 1973. Field died from a stroke on September 13,1973, at Cape Cod Hospital in Hyannis, Massachusetts and she was survived by her husband, Raymond Olivere, and three children. Betty Field at the Internet Movie Database Betty Field at the Internet Broadway Database Betty Field at the Internet Off-Broadway Database Betty Field North American Theater Online
24.
Leon Ames
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Leon Ames was an American film and television actor. He is best remembered for playing father figures in films as Meet Me in St. Louis with Judy Garland as one of his daughters, Little Women, On Moonlight Bay. The fathers whom Ames portrayed were often somewhat stuffy and exasperated by the younger generation and his most famous role came as DA Kyle Sackett from the film The Postman Always Rings Twice. Leon Ames was born Harry Wycoff on January 20,1902, in Portland, Indiana, son of Charles Elmer Wycoff, some sources list his original last name as Wykoff or Waycoff, and in his early films, he acted under the name Leon Waycoff. Ames made his debut in Quick Millions. During the 1940s, he was under contract to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Ames made his first radio appearance in January 1947 on Grand Central Station. Ames appeared in a role in The Postman Always Rings Twice as district attorney Kyle Sackett. He also appeared in the Doris Day-Gordon MacRae film On Moonlight Bay, its sequel, By the Light of the Silvery Moon and he played the role of Samuel Eaton, Alfred Eatons father, in From the Terrace. He appeared in the 1961 Walt Disney comedy The Absent-Minded Professor as Medfield College President Rufus Daggett and in the 1963 sequel, in 1970, he played Secretary of the Navy Frank Knox in the action war film Tora. His last film role was in Peggy Sue Got Married, as Kathleen Turners characters grandfather Barney Alvorg and his television roles included leads in the adaptations of Life With Father and Father of the Bride. He joined the cast of Mister Ed as Wilbur Posts neighbor, retired Colonel Gordon Kirkwood, after the death of actor Larry Keating, Ames also appeared in episodes of the NBC anthology series, The Barbara Stanwyck Show, and on the short-lived CBS legal drama, Storefront Lawyers. He was one of the founders of the Screen Actors Guild in 1933 and he served as its president in 1957. In 1980, after 50 years in business, Leon Ames was presented with the Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award. On February 12,1964, Ames and his wife were held hostage in their home as an intruder demanded $50,000 before he would free them, Ames called his business partner, who obtained the money from a bank and delivered it to the house as instructed. After inspecting the cash, the kidnapper left Ames in the house, bound with tape and he also forced both the business partner and a guest in the Ames house into the trunk. Eventually, police surrounded the car and freed the hostages, Leon Ames at the Internet Movie Database Leon Ames at AllMovie Leon Ames at the TCM Movie Database Leon Ames at the Internet Broadway Database
25.
Mildred Dunnock
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Mildred Dorothy Dunnock was an American theater, film and television actress. Born in Baltimore, Maryland, she graduated from Western Senior High School, Dunnock was a school teacher who did not start acting until she was in her early thirties. She attended Goucher College where she was a member of Alpha Phi sorority, after a couple of roles in Broadway productions during the 1930s, Dunnock won praise for her performance as a Welsh school teacher in The Corn is Green in 1940. The 1945 film version marked her screen debut, during the 1940s she performed mainly on stage, in such dramas as Another Part of the Forest and Death of a Salesman and in the musical Lute Song. In 1947, Dunnock became a member of the Actors Studio. Dunnock reprised her Salesman role in the 1951 film version and she originated the role of Big Mama in the Tennessee Williams Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, although she lost the movie role to Judith Anderson. Her films include The Trouble with Harry, Love Me Tender, Baby Doll, Peyton Place, The Nuns Story, Butterfield 8, Something Wild and Sweet Bird of Youth. She was the woman in the wheelchair pushed down a flight of stairs to her death by the psychotic villain Tommy Udo in Kiss of Death. Dunnock was twice nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, for Death of a Salesman in 1951 and she was also nominated for the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress for Baby Doll, as well as Viva Zapata. in 1952 and Peyton Place in 1957. Her final film was The Pick-up Artist, which starred Robert Downey, Jr. Dunnock has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for her contribution to motion pictures, at 6613 Hollywood Boulevard. She is also a member of the American Theater Hall of Fame, Dunnock was married to Keith Urmy, an executive at Chemical Bank in Manhattan, from 1933 until her death, and had one child. She died in Oak Bluffs, Massachusetts at age 90 from natural causes
26.
Barry Coe
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Barry S. Coe is an American actor who appeared in film and on television from 1956-1978. Born Barry Clark Heacock, his name was changed to Joseph Spalding Coe when his mother Jean Elizabeth Shea married Joseph Spalding Coe Sr. in 1940 in Los Angeles. His father Francis Elmer Frank Heacock, a writer and publicist for Warner Brothers, was killed in an accident in North Hollywood, CA. Coe attended the University of Southern California and was discovered by a talent scout during a trip with his fraternity to Palm Springs in the mid-1950s, thereafter he was signed under contract for 20th Century Fox as an actor. Coes first film appearance was as Mr. Davis in Elvis Presleys Love Me Tender in 1956, the next year he played the lustful Rodney Harrington in the original Peyton Place film, based on the bestselling Grace Metalious 1956 novel of the same name. In 1958, he appeared in The Bravados, and in 1959, in 1960, Coe secured a Golden Globe award for the Most Promising Newcomer - Male, along with James Shigeta, Troy Donahue, and George Hamilton. The program was set in Honolulu, Hawaii, and the writers often ventured into private detective work, despite some memorable episodes, Follow the Sun was cancelled after twenty-nine segments. After Follow the Sun folded, Coe guest starred in 1962 on the first episode of the season of NBCs Western series Bonanza. He portrayed ranch hand Clay Stafford, who reveals himself to be the fifth Cartwright, although stepfather Ben Cartwright and Joe take Clay at his word, the other Cartwright brothers, Hoss and Adam are skeptical and intend to investigate Clays claim. The episode called The First Born could have introduced Coe as a new cast member, entertainment writer Hal Ericson reported that friction on the set caused Bonanza producers to stick with the three brothers. In 1960, Coe appeared as Stu Christian in One Foot in Hell with Alan Ladd and Don Murray and he was Phylon in The 300 Spartans in 1962. In 1966, he appeared as a communications aide in Fantastic Voyage. He starred as Fred Saunders in Doctor Death, Seeker of Souls in 1973 and his last film role was as diving instructor Tom Andrews in Jaws 2 in 1978. He had a stint as Joel Stratton in the ABC soap opera General Hospital in 1974. There were other television appearances too, including ABCs Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea, NBCs Brackens World, from the late 1970s into the early 1980s, Coe was Mr. Goodwrench in television advertising for a chain of national auto parts stores under General Motors. Coe is married to the former Jorunn Kristiansen, who was a Norwegian beauty queen in the 1950s and their son is William Shea Coe. In the 1980s, Barry Coes daughter attended the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, Barry Coe had a side business in nutritional supplements—Adventures in Nutrition, labels for the containers were printed by Joe Faust. He lived in Brentwood, Los Angeles, California for several years, Barry Coe at the Internet Movie Database
27.
Making out
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Snogging is a term with roughly the same meaning in British English and some related varieties of English, except in Hiberno-English, where it is more commonly known as shifting. The sexual connotations of the make out appear to have developed in the 1930s and 1940s from the phrases other meanings of to succeed. Originally, it meant to seduce or to have intercourse with. Studies indicate that at the beginning of the 20th century, premarital sex increased, certainly one gets further when one adopts pawing as well, which, after all, doesnt make a baby. She, You wont find them there, making out is usually considered an expression of affection or sexual attraction. An episode of making out is frequently referred to as a session or simply making out. It covers a range of sexual behavior, and means different things to different age groups in different parts of the United States. It typically refers to kissing, including prolonged, passionate, open-mouth kissing, the term can also refer to other forms of foreplay such as heavy petting, which typically involves some genital stimulation, but usually not the direct act of penetrative sexual intercourse. The perceived significance of making out may be affected by the age, teenagers sometimes play party games in which making out is the main activity as an act of exploration. Games in this category include seven minutes in heaven and spin the bottle, teenagers may have had social gatherings in which making out was the predominant event. In the United States, these events were referred to as parties and would sometimes be confined to a specific area. These make-out parties were not regarded as sex parties, though heavy petting may have been involved
28.
Valedictorian
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The chosen valedictorian is often the student with the highest ranking among their graduating class. So the valedictory address generally is considered a farewell to classmates. In Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Ireland, India, and the United Kingdom, in Australia, the title is sometimes awarded to a member of a graduating university class on the basis of contribution to the school rather than academic success. The highest-ranking student in a class is often referred to as dux. In France the term Major de promotion is used, although the term is not related to any ceremonial role, how an individual school confers the title is typically based upon the highest grade point average. Some institutions confer the title on the class chosen to deliver the final graduation address, regardless of the speakers academic credentials. Generally, the graduate deemed to be the highest academically ranked student in the class, historically and traditionally, however, schools confer the title upon the highest ranking graduate of the class, who thereby earns the honor of delivering the valedictory address. In other schools, the position may be elected by the body or appointed directly by the school administration based on various systems of merit. Some schools may feature co-valedictorians in lieu of conferring the title on an individual from among the graduating class. This may occur in the case of a tie in grade point averages. The awarding of the valedictorian honor may be the subject of heated controversy, some schools have dropped the honor or changed the rules to allow multiple recipients. In turn, such changes have led to complaints that it is unfair to change the rules after a competition has begun. The New Jersey Commissioner of Education, for example, required schools to make changes to valedictorian award policy effective only for the freshman class. Another New Jersey case raised the question of whether accommodations for students under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act and related laws should affect valedictorian honors. In Hornstine v. Township of Moorestown, a U. S. District Court judge blocked the Moorestown Superintendent of Schools from retroactively changing school policy to deny a disabled student sole honors. The valedictory address, or valediction, is the closing or farewell statement delivered at a graduation ceremony and it is an oration at commencement exercises in U. S. and some Canadian high schools, colleges, and universities delivered by one of the graduates. The mode of discourse generally is inspirational and persuasive, the various aims of this address are to inspire the graduates and to thank individuals responsible for their successes while reflecting on youthful frivolity and the accomplishments of the class. Class rank Dux Grade inflation Latin honors Salutatorian
29.
Erin O'Brien-Moore
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For the similarly named actress born in 1934, see Erin OBrien. Erin OBrien-Moore was an American actress and her promising career on the stage and screen was interrupted by severe injuries she sustained in a 1939 fire. Following her recovery and extensive plastic surgery she returned to the stage and character roles in films and television, Erin OBrien-Moore was born Annette OBrien-Moore in Los Angeles, to Agnes and J. B. L. OBrien-Moore. Her father was publisher of the Tucson Citizen, her brother was classical scholar Ainsworth OBrien-Moore. She was educated at a convent in Arizona, and planned to become a painter until she saw Alla Nazimova on the stage and she first appeared on Broadway in 1926, in a small role in The Makropoulos Secret. During the plays run in London, Aldous Huxley became an ardent fan of OBrien-Moore. OBrien-Moores stage success led to a Hollywood contract and second-lead roles in films including Black Legion, in The Life of Emile Zola, with Paul Muni, she played the character who inspired the fictional character Nana. Her other films include Dangerous Corner, Little Men, His Greatest Gamble, Seven Keys to Baldpate, Streamline Express, Our Little Girl, Two in the Dark, bradford, Ring Around the Moon, The Leavenworth Case, Green Light and The Plough and the Stars. After she recovered from the accident OBrien-Moore resumed her career on radio. After extensive plastic surgery, OBrien-Moore returned to the stage and resumed her career in films, in 1948 she performed on Kraft Television Theatre and in The Philco Television Playhouse presentation, Street Scene. She took the role of Anna, while Betty Field played Rose and she played the role of Nurse Esther Choate on the TV version of Peyton Place for four seasons. Her later feature films include Destination Moon, The Family Secret, Sea of Lost Ships, Phantom of the Rue Morgue, Peyton Place, OBrien-Moore was married to Mark Barron, drama editor of the Associated Press, in 1936. Their 10-year marriage ended in divorce, OBrien-Moore died of cancer on May 3,1979, at the Motion Picture Country Hospital in Los Angeles. Dangerous Corner Little Men His Greatest Gamble Seven Keys to Baldpate Streamline Express Our Little Girl Two in the Dark The Ex-Mrs, bradford Ring Around the Moon The Leavenworth Case Black Legion The Life of Emile Zola, as Nana
30.
Skinny dipping
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Nude swimming or skinny dipping is the practice of swimming naked, originally in natural bodies of water, but more recently in swimming pools or hot tubs. The widespread social convention and practice today is for swimmers especially in places to wear a swimsuit. Most countries do not have specific laws proscribing nude swimming, most nude swimming today takes place on nude beaches, or at naturist facilities, segregated public swimming areas or in private swimming pools. Some countries around the world regard nude swimming as public nudity, the term skinny-dip was first recorded in English in 1947 and is most commonly used in the United States. Thomas Guidott set up practice in the English town of Bath in 1668 and he became interested in the curative properties of the waters and he wrote A discourse of Bathe, and the hot waters there. Also, Some Enquiries into the Nature of the water in 1676 and this brought the health-giving properties of the hot mineral waters to the attention of the aristocracy. Doctors and quacks set up further spa towns such as Harrogate, Bath, Matlock, here cures were guaranteed by taking the water or being dipped by bathing attendant in cold water. Treatment was received in the nude, until the 1670s nude female bathing in the spas was the norm and only after that restrictions were imposed. As time progressed the resorts had to address two questions, was it right that men and women bathed together, and was it right that clothes should be worn, establishments sought to impose dress codes. Each town was free to make its own laws, and some chose to, for example, the Bath Corporation official bathing dress code of 1737 prohibited men and women to swim nude either in the day or in the night. No Female person shall at any time hereafter go into a Bath or Baths within this City by day or by night without a decent Shift on their bodies, Female bathing costumes were derived from those worn at Bath and other spas. In the early 1730s, fashionable sea bathing initially followed the inland health seeking tradition, at English resorts such as Scarborough and Whitby, natural springs emerged from the cliffs allowing fresh water to be ingested and cold dip in the sea. The resorts modelled themselves on Bath, and provided promenades, circulating libraries, while sea bathing or dipping, men and boys were naked. Women and girls were encouraged to dip wearing loose clothing, Scarborough was the first resort to provide bathing machines for changing. Working people also started to visit the coast to be dipped or bathe, in 1709, Walton records a man from Crosby having his daughters dipped in the sea to cure a skin complaint. For the common folk, splashing in rivers and swimming was an activity and always done naked by boys and men and often by the women. Bathing in the sea by the classes was noted in Southampton by Thomas Gray in 1764. At the beginning of the Victorian period, working people of both sexes bathed for pleasure without clothes, the genteel classes were bathing for health from using bathing machines, the men and boys swam naked while the girls and women dipped alongside them
31.
New York City
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The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange
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United States Navy
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The United States Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven uniformed services of the United States. The U. S. Navy is the largest, most capable navy in the world, the U. S. Navy has the worlds largest aircraft carrier fleet, with ten in service, two in the reserve fleet, and three new carriers under construction. The service has 323,792 personnel on duty and 108,515 in the Navy Reserve. It has 274 deployable combat vessels and more than 3,700 operational aircraft as of October 2016, the U. S. Navy traces its origins to the Continental Navy, which was established during the American Revolutionary War and was effectively disbanded as a separate entity shortly thereafter. It played a role in the American Civil War by blockading the Confederacy. It played the role in the World War II defeat of Imperial Japan. The 21st century U. S. Navy maintains a global presence, deploying in strength in such areas as the Western Pacific, the Mediterranean. The Navy is administratively managed by the Department of the Navy, the Department of the Navy is itself a division of the Department of Defense, which is headed by the Secretary of Defense. The Chief of Naval Operations is an admiral and the senior naval officer of the Department of the Navy. The CNO may not be the highest ranking officer in the armed forces if the Chairman or the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. The mission of the Navy is to maintain, train and equip combat-ready Naval forces capable of winning wars, deterring aggression, the United States Navy is a seaborne branch of the military of the United States. The Navys three primary areas of responsibility, The preparation of naval forces necessary for the prosecution of war. The development of aircraft, weapons, tactics, technique, organization, U. S. Navy training manuals state that the mission of the U. S. Armed Forces is to prepare and conduct prompt and sustained combat operations in support of the national interest, as part of that establishment, the U. S. Navys functions comprise sea control, power projection and nuclear deterrence, in addition to sealift duties. It follows then as certain as that night succeeds the day, that without a decisive naval force we can do nothing definitive, the Navy was rooted in the colonial seafaring tradition, which produced a large community of sailors, captains, and shipbuilders. In the early stages of the American Revolutionary War, Massachusetts had its own Massachusetts Naval Militia, the establishment of a national navy was an issue of debate among the members of the Second Continental Congress. Supporters argued that a navy would protect shipping, defend the coast, detractors countered that challenging the British Royal Navy, then the worlds preeminent naval power, was a foolish undertaking. Commander in Chief George Washington resolved the debate when he commissioned the ocean-going schooner USS Hannah to interdict British merchant ships, and reported the captures to the Congress
33.
Lorne Greene
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Lorne Hyman Greene, OC was a Canadian actor, radio personality, and singer. His television roles include Ben Cartwright on the western Bonanza, and he also worked on the Canadian television nature documentary series Lorne Greenes New Wilderness, and in television commercials. Greene was born Lyon Himan Green in Ottawa, Ontario, to Russian Jewish immigrants, Dora and Daniel Green and he was called Chaim by his mother, and his name is shown as Hyman on his school report cards. In his biography, the author, his daughter Linda Greene Bennett, stated that it was not known when he began using Lorne, Greene was the drama instructor at Camp Arowhon, a summer camp in Algonquin Park, Ontario, Canada, where he developed his talents. Greene began acting while attending Queens University in Kingston, where he acquired a knack for broadcasting with the Radio Workshop of the universitys Drama Guild on the radio station CFRC. He gave up on a career in engineering and, upon graduation. During World War II Green served as a Flying officer in the Royal Canadian Air Force and he was assigned as the principal newsreader on the CBC National News. During his radio days, Greene invented a stopwatch that ran backwards and he narrated documentary films, such as the National Film Board of Canadas Fighting Norway. In 1957 Greene played the prosecutor in Peyton Place, katharine Cornell cast him twice in her Broadway productions. In 1953, he was cast in The Prescott Proposals, in that same year, she cast him in a verse drama by Christopher Fry, The Dark is Light Enough. Greene began appearing in isolated episodes on television in the 1950s. In 1953, he was seen in the role of a one-hour adaptation of Shakespeares Othello. In 1955 he was Ludwig van Beethoven in an episode of the TV version of You Are There, in 1954 he made his Hollywood debut as Saint Peter in The Silver Chalice and made several more films and appearances on American television. The first of his continuing TV roles was as the patriarch Ben Pa Cartwright in Bonanza and he garnered the role after his performance as OBrien in the CBS production of Nineteen Eighty-Four. In the 1960s, Greene capitalized on his image as Benjamin Pa Cartwright by recording several albums of country-western/folk songs, when it failed to gain sufficient ratings and was cancelled after 13 episodes, Greene thereafter hosted the syndicated nature documentary series Last of the Wild from 1974-75. In the 1977 miniseries Roots, he played the first master of Kunta Kinte, through the 1970s, Greene was the spokesman for Alpo Beef Chunks dog food commercials, one of the possible origins of the phrase Eating your own dog food. In 2007, TV Guide listed Ben Cartwright as the second most popular TV Father. Greene was also known for his role as Commander Adama, another patriarchal figure, Greenes typecasting as a wise father character continued with the 1981 series, Code Red as a Fire Department Fire Chief whose command includes his children as subordinates
34.
Constance MacKenzie
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Constance MacKenzie is a fictional character in the 1956 novel Peyton Place by Grace Metalious. Constance Standish was born and bred in the small New Hampshire community of Peyton Place, living with her widowed mother, like most people in that community, she was repressed. She met, acquired a job with, and eventually fell in love with a man named Allison MacKenzie and they had an extramarital affair, and from that affair, her daughter, Allison MacKenzie, his namesake, was born. After the birth of Allison, Mr. MacKenzie died, with this money and what she had saved while her former lover was alive, she opened a clothing store in her hometown. Constance and Allison had a relationship, especially with dealing with her daughters moods and feelings. She met the new principal, Michael Rossi, and they fell in love. Before they married, Constance, in a fit of rage and this shocked Allison, as she found out about her birth, and that her mother had never been married. This stemmed from her and neighbor Evelyn Page, falsely accusing both Allison and Norman Page of having sex, also adding to the tension was the death of Selenas mother, Nellie, by suicide. These events only added to the estrangement between Allison and Constance, and led up to Allison leaving Peyton Place for good to move to New York, in the movie, Constance and Michael were a couple, but were not married. It wasnt until the sequel, Return to Peyton Place, that Constance, also, the fact that Allison, ironically, also had an affair with a married man, much like Constance herself did, helped the two bond once more
35.
Allison MacKenzie
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In the TV series she appeared from the first episode to the 263rd episode, between 1964 and 1966. Three years after she was born, her father died, Constance and her mother, Elizabeth Standish, deliberately changed the year of birth on her birth certificate to make Allison seem a year younger than she really was. This led to quite a lot of friction between mother and daughter, Allison was sensitive and dreaming, unlike her practical and often distant mother. The friction between the two would escalate as Allison grew up and her lifes dream was to be a writer, something Constance had never understood. She also wanted her daughter to remain chaste, which caused Allison to rebel, when she was almost sixteen years old, her mother and a gossipy neighbor, Evelyn Page, who was the mother of Allisons friend, Norman Page, thought that the two had sex. In truth, they hadnt, they had gone on an innocent picnic, but Constance and Evelyn forced them to confess to something they didnt even do. After Allison heatedly told her mother that she had never been so humiliated in all her life, Constance slapped her viciously, when she discovered the truth about her birth, Allison was devastated. Later on, her best friend, Selena Crosss mother, Nellie, had committed suicide in her closet, due to discovering that Selena had been impregnated by her despicable stepfather. It was Allison who had discovered Nellies dead body and screamed in terror. It took her school principal, Tomas Makris, who had been dating Constance, to help Allison through this dark time in her life, along with Dr. Matthew Swain. The double blow of Allisons discovering the truth about her birth as well as Nellies suicide caused her to be hospitalized, Allisons friendship with Selena was another sore point with Constance, but she eventually saw something good in her, and offered her a job at her store. Besides Selena, she had a friendship with Kathy Ellsworth, the daughter of a mill worker, eventually, the rift between mother and daughter had grown so bad that Allison left Peyton Place, and moved to New York City. She became a writer for a magazine, and became rather successful, while in New York, she roomed with budding actress Stephanie Wallace. Allison returned to her hometown after Selena went on trial for Lucass murder and she ended up being acquitted, but was tormented by the vicious gossip of Peyton Place. In the sequel, Return to Peyton Place, Allison wrote a book called Samuels Castle based on her home town. In Robertas case, however, the hatred was hypocrisy, since her son, Ted, was married to a nasty and evil-minded woman named Jennifer Burbank, Jennifer was a Boston Blueblood who married Ted and proceeded to make him weak. Because of Allisons book, Marion and Roberta fired Allisons stepfather, however, Roberta later reversed her decision and had Makris rehired, before she was murdered by her scheming daughter in-law. Like her mother, Allison had an affair with a man, her publisher, Lewis Jackman, only, unlike her mother
