1.
Maywood, Illinois
–
Maywood is a village in Proviso Township, Cook County, Illinois, United States. It was founded on April 6,1869, and organized October 22,1881, the population was 24,090 at the 2010 United States Census. Maywood is a village in Cook County, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago,10 miles west of downtown Chicago, Interstate 290, the Eisenhower Expressway, bisects the town as it goes from Chicago west to join Interstate 294, the Tri-State Tollway, in Hillside. Maywood is located between OHare and Midway airports, there are many century-old homes in relatively unaltered condition, and Maywood boasts 2 homes and properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places. At one time there were two airports in Maywood, one was on the location where the Loyola University Medical Center is today, at the southwest corner of First Avenue and Roosevelt Road. It was the used by Charles Lindbergh during his days as an airmail pilot. Checkerboard Field was on the corner of that intersection and was a private field. It is now a forest preserve meadow, there was some apparent consolidation of the fields in later years. According to the 2010 census, Maywood has an area of 2.72 square miles. Neighboring villages are Broadview to the south, Forest Park and River Forest to the east, Melrose Park to the north, as of the census of 2000, there were 26,987 people,7,937 households, and 6,151 families residing in the village. The population density was 9,965.7 people per square mile, there were 8,475 housing units at an average density of 3,129.6 per square mile. The racial makeup of the village was 82. 7% African American,9. 7% White,0. 1% Native American,0. 3% Asian,5. 6% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 10. 5% of the population. 19. 1% of all households were made up of individuals and 6. 8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 3.38 and the average family size was 3.84. In the village, the population was out with 31. 7% under the age of 18,10. 4% from 18 to 24,27. 7% from 25 to 44,20. 6% from 45 to 64. The median age was 31 years, for every 100 females there were 87.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.3 males, the median income for a household in the village was $41,942, and the median income for a family was $46,776. Males had an income of $41,638 versus $37,316 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,915, about 11. 1% of families and 13. 4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1. 3% of those under age 18 and 1. 8% of those age 65 or over
2.
Impersonator
–
An impersonator is someone who imitates or copies the behavior or actions of another. Especially popular objects of impersonation are Elvis, Michael Jackson, Abraham Lincoln, entertainers who impersonate multiple celebrities as part of their act, can be sorted into impressionists and celebrity impersonators. Crime, As part of an act such as identity theft. This is usually where the criminal is trying to assume the identity of another, in order to commit fraud, such as accessing confidential information, also known as social engineering and impostors. Decoys, used as a form of protection for political and military figures and this involves an impersonator who is employed to perform during public appearances, to mislead observers. Sowing discord, causing people to fight, or dislike each other for social, celebrity impersonators are entertainers who look similar to celebrities and dress in such a way as to imitate them. Impersonators are known as look-alikes, impressionists, imitators tribute artists, the interest may have originated with the need or desire to see a celebrity who has died. One of the most prominent examples of this phenomenon is the case of Elvis Presley, there are claimed to be more Elvis impersonators and tribute artists in the world than for any other celebrity. Edward Moss has appeared in movies and sitcoms, impersonating Michael Jackson, the ruling hinges on whether there was harm to the other person. Impressionist Look-alike Personation Police impersonation Soundboard, victim soundboard Tribute act Wannabe Shi, in the Chinese ancestor ritual, a figure impersonating ancestors
3.
Comedy
–
In a modern sense, comedy refers to any discourse or work generally intended to be humorous or amusing by inducing laughter, especially in theatre, television, film, and stand-up comedy. The origins of the term are found in Ancient Greece, in the Athenian democracy, the public opinion of voters was influenced by the political satire performed by the comic poets at the theaters. The theatrical genre of Greek comedy can be described as a performance which pits two groups or societies against each other in an amusing agon or conflict. Northrop Frye depicted these two opposing sides as a Society of Youth and a Society of the Old, a revised view characterizes the essential agon of comedy as a struggle between a relatively powerless youth and the societal conventions that pose obstacles to his hopes. Satire and political satire use comedy to portray persons or social institutions as ridiculous or corrupt, parody subverts popular genres and forms, critiquing those forms without necessarily condemning them. Similarly scatological humour, sexual humour, and race humour create comedy by violating social conventions or taboos in comic ways, a comedy of manners typically takes as its subject a particular part of society and uses humor to parody or satirize the behaviour and mannerisms of its members. Romantic comedy is a genre that depicts burgeoning romance in humorous terms. The adjective comic, which means that which relates to comedy is, in modern usage. Of this, the word came into usage through the Latin comoedia and Italian commedia and has, over time. The Greeks and Romans confined their use of the comedy to descriptions of stage-plays with happy endings. Aristotle defined comedy as an imitation of men worse than the average, however, the characters portrayed in comedies were not worse than average in every way, only insofar as they are Ridiculous, which is a species of the Ugly. The Ridiculous may be defined as a mistake or deformity not productive of pain or harm to others, the mask, for instance, in the Middle Ages, the term expanded to include narrative poems with happy endings. It is in this sense that Dante used the term in the title of his poem, as time progressed, the word came more and more to be associated with any sort of performance intended to cause laughter. During the Middle Ages, the comedy became synonymous with satire. They disassociated comedy from Greek dramatic representation and instead identified it with Arabic poetic themes and forms and they viewed comedy as simply the art of reprehension, and made no reference to light and cheerful events, or to the troubling beginnings and happy endings associated with classical Greek comedy. After the Latin translations of the 12th century, the term gained a more general meaning in medieval literature. Starting from 425 BCE, Aristophanes, a playwright and satirical author of the Ancient Greek Theater wrote 40 comedies,11 of which survive. Aristophanes developed his type of comedy from the satyr plays
4.
Look-alike
–
A look-alike, or double, is a person who closely resembles another person. In popular Western culture, a look-alike is a person who bears a physical resemblance to a celebrity, politician. Many look-alikes earn a living by making guest appearances at events or by performing on television or film. A large variety of celebrity look-alike images can be throughout the web. Look-alikes have also figured prominently, at least since the 19th century, in literature, cousins, Britains King George V and Russias Tsar Nicholas II, shared an uncanny resemblance. Their facial features were only different up close, at King Georges wedding in 1893, according to The Times of London, the crowd may have confused Nicholas with George, because their beards and dress made them look alike. Mikheil Gelovani, a Georgian actor and Joseph Stalin look-alike, played the Soviet leader in films of the 1930s and 1940s. In 2008, 88-year-old Felix Dadaev, a dancer and juggler, disclosed that he had been one of four look-alikes whom Stalin had employed as decoys to mislead enemies. British author Hugh Thomas claimed that war criminal Rudolf Hess, who committed suicide in Spandau Prison, was a look-alike. Thomas suggests that Hess’ plane was shot down during his flight over the North Sea in 1941 and this story was the subject of a book and film, I Was Montys Double. A notable conspiracy theory that actually is a hoax holds that Paul McCartney died in 1966 and was replaced by a Canadian policeman named William Shears Campbell. In the 1970s, actor-comedian Richard M. Dixon, look-alike to then-President Richard Nixon, gained some celebrity, portraying the president in the films, Richard and he also appeared in the unreleased short film Men of Crisis, The Harvey Wallinger Story. Jeannette Charles has, since the early 1970s, worked as a look-alike to Britains Queen Elizabeth II, Saddam Hussein allegedly employed several look-alikes for political purposes during his Iraq reign. According to a CBS60 Minutes segment in late January 2008, armando Iannuccis Friday Night Armistice featured the bus of Dianas, a bus full of Princess Diana look-alikes which was dispatched to care at the sites of various minor tragedies. Steve Sires, a look-alike of Microsofts Bill Gates, came to attention when he attempted to trademark Microsortof and he appeared as Gates in the 2002 film, Nothing So Strange and the 2010 film, The Social Network. UK Celebrity Big Brother contestant Chantelle Houghton worked briefly and unsuccessfully for an agency as a Paris Hilton look-alike. UK Richard and Judy ran a competition for Little Britain Lookalikes in 2005, after the live final broadcast on Friday,28 January 2005, on Channel Four, two winning contestants, Gavin Pomfret and Stuart Morrison, formed a Little Britain tribute act called Littler Britain. Dolly Parton has stated that she lost a Dolly Parton Look-Alike Contest, in 2008 a friend pointed out to Bronx native Louis Ortiz his striking resemblance to then-presidential-candidate Barack Obama
5.
Barack Obama
–
Barack Hussein Obama II is an American politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. He is the first African American to have served as president and he previously served in the U. S. Senate representing Illinois from 2005 to 2008, and in the Illinois State Senate from 1997 to 2004. Obama was born in Honolulu, Hawaii, two years after the territory was admitted to the Union as the 50th state and he grew up mostly in Hawaii, but also spent one year of his childhood in Washington State and four years in Indonesia. After graduating from Columbia University in 1983, he worked as a community organizer in Chicago, in 1988 Obama enrolled in Harvard Law School, where he was the first black president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduation, he became a civil rights attorney and professor, Obama represented the 13th District for three terms in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004, when he ran for the U. S. Senate. In 2008, Obama was nominated for president, a year after his campaign began and he was elected over Republican John McCain, and was inaugurated on January 20,2009. Nine months later, Obama was named the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize laureate, during his first two years in office, Obama signed more landmark legislation than any Democratic president since LBJs Great Society. Main reforms were the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, after a lengthy debate over the national debt limit, Obama signed the Budget Control and the American Taxpayer Relief Acts. In foreign policy, Obama increased U. S. troop levels in Afghanistan, reduced nuclear weapons with the U. S. -Russian New START treaty, and ended military involvement in the Iraq War. He ordered military involvement in Libya in opposition to Muammar Gaddafi, after winning re-election over Mitt Romney, Obama was sworn in for a second term in 2013. Obama also advocated gun control in response to the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, and issued wide-ranging executive actions concerning climate change and immigration. In foreign policy, Obama ordered military intervention in Iraq in response to gains made by ISIL after the 2011 withdrawal from Iraq, Obama left office in January 2017 with a 60% approval rating. He currently resides in Washington, D. C and his presidential library will be built in Chicago. Obama was born on August 4,1961, at Kapiʻolani Maternity & Gynecological Hospital in Honolulu and he is the only President to have been born in Hawaii. He was born to a mother and a black father. His mother, Ann Dunham, was born in Wichita, Kansas, of mostly English descent, with some German, Irish, Scottish, Swiss and his father, Barack Obama Sr. was a married Luo Kenyan man from Nyangoma Kogelo. Obamas parents met in 1960 in a Russian language class at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, the couple married in Wailuku, Hawaii on February 2,1961, six months before Obama was born. In late August 1961, Obamas mother moved him to the University of Washington in Seattle for a year
6.
YouTube
–
YouTube is an American video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California. The service was created by three former PayPal employees—Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim—in February 2005, Google bought the site in November 2006 for US$1.65 billion, YouTube now operates as one of Googles subsidiaries. Unregistered users can watch videos on the site, while registered users are permitted to upload an unlimited number of videos. Videos deemed potentially offensive are available only to registered users affirming themselves to be at least 18 years old, YouTube earns advertising revenue from Google AdSense, a program which targets ads according to site content and audience. YouTube was founded by Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim, Hurley had studied design at Indiana University of Pennsylvania, and Chen and Karim studied computer science together at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Karim could not easily find video clips of either event online, Hurley and Chen said that the original idea for YouTube was a video version of an online dating service, and had been influenced by the website Hot or Not. YouTube began as a venture capital-funded technology startup, primarily from an $11.5 million investment by Sequoia Capital between November 2005 and April 2006, YouTubes early headquarters were situated above a pizzeria and Japanese restaurant in San Mateo, California. The domain name www. youtube. com was activated on February 14,2005, the first YouTube video, titled Me at the zoo, shows co-founder Jawed Karim at the San Diego Zoo. The video was uploaded on April 23,2005, and can still be viewed on the site, YouTube offered the public a beta test of the site in May 2005. The first video to reach one million views was a Nike advertisement featuring Ronaldinho in November 2005. Following a $3.5 million investment from Sequoia Capital in November, the site grew rapidly, and in July 2006 the company announced that more than 65,000 new videos were being uploaded every day, and that the site was receiving 100 million video views per day. The site has 800 million unique users a month and it is estimated that in 2007 YouTube consumed as much bandwidth as the entire Internet in 2000. The choice of the name www. youtube. com led to problems for a similarly named website, the sites owner, Universal Tube & Rollform Equipment, filed a lawsuit against YouTube in November 2006 after being regularly overloaded by people looking for YouTube. Universal Tube has since changed the name of its website to www. utubeonline. com, in October 2006, Google Inc. announced that it had acquired YouTube for $1.65 billion in Google stock, and the deal was finalized on November 13,2006. In March 2010, YouTube began free streaming of certain content, according to YouTube, this was the first worldwide free online broadcast of a major sporting event. On March 31,2010, the YouTube website launched a new design, with the aim of simplifying the interface, Google product manager Shiva Rajaraman commented, We really felt like we needed to step back and remove the clutter. In May 2010, YouTube videos were watched more than two times per day. This increased to three billion in May 2011, and four billion in January 2012, in February 2017, one billion hours of YouTube was watched every day
7.
White people
–
White people is a racial classification specifier, used for people of Europid ancestry, with the exact implications dependent on context. The contemporary usage of people or a white race as a large group of populations contrasting with black, American Indian. It is today used as a racial classifier in multiracial societies, such as North Africa, United States. The term white race or white people entered the major European languages in the later 17th century, in the context of racialized slavery, description of populations as white in reference to their skin color predates this notion and is found in Greco-Roman ethnography and other ancient sources. Scholarship on race generally distinguishes the concept from pre-modern descriptions of collective difference. In the literature of the Ancient Near East and Classical Antiquity and we know that Egyptians were not oblivious to skin color, however, because artists paid attention to it in works of art, to the extent the pigments at the time permitted. Classicist James Dee states the Greeks do not describe themselves as white people—or as anything else because they had no word in their color vocabulary for themselves. Peoples skin color did not carry meaning, what mattered is where they lived. Religious conversion was sometimes described figuratively as a change in skin color, similarly, the Rigveda uses krsna tvac black skin as a metaphor for irreligiosity. The Ancient Egyptian funerary text known as the Book of Gates distinguishes four groups in a procession and these are the Egyptians, the Levantine/Canaanite peoples or Asiatics, the Nubians and the fair-skinned Libyans. The Egyptians are depicted as a reddish brown, the Nubians as black skinned, the Semites from the Levant and Canaan as light skinned. Herodotus described the Scythian Budini as having blue eyes and bright red hair. And the Egyptians – quite like the Colchians – as melánchroes and he also gives the possibly first reference to the common Greek name of the tribes living south of Egypt, otherwise known as Nubians, which was Aithíopes. Later Xenophon described the Aethiopians as black and the Persian troops as white compared to the skin of Greek troops. These color adjectives are found in contrast to the standard set by the own group. According to historian Irene Silverblatt, Race thinking … made social categories into racial truths, Alastair Bonnett argues that white identity, as it is presently conceived, is an American project, reflecting American interpretations of race and history. According to Gregory Jay, a professor of English at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Before the age of exploration, group differences were based on language, religion. … the European had always reacted a bit hysterically to the differences of skin color, in the 16th and 17th centuries, East Asian peoples were almost uniformly described as white, never as yellow
8.
Black people
–
As such, the meaning of the expression varies widely both between and within societies, and depends significantly on context. For many other individuals, communities and countries, black is also perceived as a derogatory, outdated, reductive or otherwise unrepresentative label, different societies apply differing criteria regarding who is classified as black, and these social constructs have also changed over time. In a number of countries, societal variables affect classification as much as skin color, in the United Kingdom, black was historically equivalent with person of color, a general term for non-European peoples. In South Africa and Latin America, mixed-race people are not classified as black. In other regions such as Australasia, settlers applied the term black or it was used by local populations with different histories and ancestral backgrounds. The Romans interacted with and later conquered parts of Mauretania, a state that covered modern Morocco, western Algeria. The people of the region were noted in Classical literature as Mauri, numerous communities of dark-skinned peoples are present in North Africa, some dating from prehistoric communities. In the 18th century, the Moroccan Sultan Moulay Ismail the Bloodthirsty raised a corps of 150,000 black slaves, called his Black Guard and he claims that black-looking Arabs, much like black-looking Latin Americans, consider themselves white because they have some distant white ancestry. Egyptian President Anwar Sadat had a mother who was a dark-skinned Nubian Sudanese woman, in response to an advertisement for an acting position, as a young man he said, I am not white but I am not exactly black either. My blackness is tending to reddish, due to the patriarchal nature of Arab society, Arab men, including during the slave trade in North Africa, enslaved more black women than men. They used more black female slaves in domestic service and agriculture than males, the men interpreted the Quran to permit sexual relations between a male master and his female slave outside of marriage, leading to many mixed-race children. When an enslaved woman became pregnant with her Arab masters child, she was considered as umm walad or mother of a child, the child was given rights of inheritance to the fathers property, so mixed-race children could share in any wealth of the father. Because the society was patrilineal, the children took their fathers social status at birth and were born free, some succeeded their fathers as rulers, such as Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur, who ruled Morocco from 1578 to 1608. He was not technically considered as a child of a slave, his mother was Fulani. Such tolerance for black persons, even when technically free, was not so common in Morocco, the long association of sub-Saharan peoples as slaves is shown in the term abd, it is still frequently used in the Arabic-speaking world as a term for black people. In early 1991, non-Arabs of the Zaghawa tribe of Sudan attested that they were victims of an intensifying Arab apartheid campaign, Sudanese Arabs, who controlled the government, were widely referred to as practicing apartheid against Sudans non-Arab citizens. The government was accused of deftly manipulat Arab solidarity to carry out policies of apartheid, American University economist George Ayittey accused the Arab government of Sudan of practicing acts of racism against black citizens. The Arabs monopolized power and excluded blacks – Arab apartheid, many African commentators joined Ayittey in accusing Sudan of practising Arab apartheid
9.
Single parent
–
A single parent is an uncoupled individual who shoulders most or all of the day-to-day responsibilities for raising a child or children. A mother is often the primary caregiver in a single-parent family structure that has arisen due to death of the partner, intentional artificial insemination. Historically, death of a partner was a cause of single parenting. Single parenting can also result from the breakup or divorce of coupled parents, custody battles, awarded by the court or rationalized in other terms, determine who the child will spend majority of their time with. Recent years have seen the increasing incidence and visibility of uncoupled women who choose to be single parents, when single women seek to get pregnant intentionally in order to become single mothers by choice, they often seek an anonymous or known sperm donor. Single parent adoption or fostering is also sometimes an option for adults who want to raise a family. The demographics of single parenting show a general increase worldwide in children living in single parent homes, Single parenting has become a norm in the United States and is a trend found in multiple other countries. The morality and advisability of single motherhood has long been debated in the US, Single American mothers live in poverty 5 times more often than married parents. The topic is less contentious in Western European countries where all families enjoy more robust state-sponsored social benefits, Single parenthood has been common historically due to parental mortality rate. In the United States, since the 1960s, there has been an increase in the number of children living with a single parent. The 1980 United States Census reported that 19. 5% were single parent households, from 1980 to 2009, the percentage of single-parent households jumped to 29. 5%. The jump was caused by an increase in births to unmarried women, in 2010,40. 7% of births in the US were to unmarried women. In 2000, 11% of children were living with parents who had never married,15. 6% of children lived with a divorced parent. The results of the 2010 United States Census showed that 27% of children live with one parent, consistent with the trend noted in 2000. Mississippi leads the nation with the highest percent of births to unmarried mothers with 54% in 2014, followed by Louisiana, New Mexico, Florida, about 16% of children worldwide live in a single-parent household. In 2006,12.9 million families in the US were headed by a single parent, in 2003, 14% of all Australian households were single-parent families. At the 2013 census,17. 8% of New Zealand families were single-parent, in the United Kingdom, about 1 out of 4 families with dependent children are single-parent families,8 to 11 percent of which have a male single-parent. UK poverty figures show that 52% of single parent families are below the Government-defined poverty line, Single parents in the UK are almost twice as likely to be in low-paid jobs as other workers
10.
WMAQ-TV
–
WMAQ-TV, channel 5, is an NBC owned-and-operated television station located in Chicago, Illinois, United States. In the few areas of the eastern United States where an NBC station is not receivable over-the-air, WMAQ-TV is available on satellite via DirecTV, the station first signed on the air on October 8,1948 as WNBQ, the fourth television station to sign on in Chicago. It was also the third of NBCs five original owned-and-operated television stations to begin operations, after outlets in New York City and Washington, D. C. and before Cleveland, WNBQ initially broadcast a minimum of two hours of programming per day. The stations first mid-week broadcast came the month following its sign-on, when Paul Winchell and Joseph Dunninger were featured on the NBC variety series, the half-hour program was recorded via kinescope, and rebroadcast on WNBQ at 8,30 p. m. on Thursdays. Television critics referred to the broadcasts – often low-budget with few celebrity guests but a good deal of inventiveness – as examples of the Chicago School of Television. The calls of its radio station were initially assigned by the government, but went on to form the phrase We Must Ask Questions. On October 1,1989, the station relocated its operations from the Merchandise Mart after 40 years and began broadcasting from the NBC Tower. Ratings for WMAQ-TVs newscasts overtook those of WBBM-TV in the 1980s, for most of its years, The station did include the networks logo next to theirs, branding solely with the channel number and/or call letters vocally and visually until 1995. To improve its reception of the station, on June 5,2000, the LMA ended on July 1,2005 upon Paxs rebranding as i, Independent Television. WSNS-TV subsequently integrated its operations into WMAQ-TVs NBC Tower facilities, three days later on March 18,2016, the company announced it will continue to carry WMAQ-TV, WSNS-TV and five other cable channels for another 10 days while seeking arbitration from the FCC. It will be the first dispute with that provider in 15 years, the dispute involves the 6 NBC owned-and-operated stations, USA Network, Syfy, Bravo, CNBC, MSNBC, NBCSN, E. Oxygen and the other NBCU-owned cable channels, on the same day, the cable company announces that they continue to watch WMAQ-TV and other NBCU-owned cable channels. The companies’ negotiations over a deal to replace the one that expires on said date have been extended after midnight. The stations digital channel is multiplexed, WMAQ-TV also maintains a Mobile DTV feed of digital subchannel 5.2, raw coverage of various live events, including Barack Obamas victory rally in Grant Park and Governor Rod Blagojevichs impeachment trial have also been carried on 5.2. The stations digital signal continued to broadcasts on its pre-transition UHF channel 29, through the use of PSIP, digital television receivers display the stations virtual channel as its former VHF analog channel 5. From June 13 to July 12,2009, WMAQ-TV had simulcast most of its newscasts as a contributor to WWME-CA s analog lifeline service for the Chicago area, in an unprecedented four-station partnership. The lifeline programming provided on analog UHF channel 23 included WMAQs weekday and Saturday morning, weeknight 6,00 p. m. and weekend 5,00 p. m. newscasts along with WGN-TV s 9,00 p. m. newscast. The lifeline continued only as a simulcast of entertainment programming from WWMEs sister station WCIU-TV until January 2011, as typical for a network-owned station, WMAQ-TV generally carries the vast majority of the NBC network schedule
11.
Illinois General Assembly
–
The Illinois General Assembly is the state legislature of the U. S. state of Illinois and comprises the Illinois House of Representatives and the Illinois Senate. The General Assembly was created by the first state constitution adopted in 1818, the State Senate has 59 members while the House has 118. A Senate district is formed by combining two adjacent House districts, the current General Assembly is Illinoiss 100th. The General Assembly meets in the Illinois State Capitol in Springfield and its session laws are generally adopted by majority vote in both houses, and upon gaining the assent of the Governor of Illinois. They are published in the official Laws of Illinois, the Illinois General Assembly was created by the first state constitution adopted in 1818. Initially, the state did not have organized political parties, but the Democratic, future U. S. President Abraham Lincoln successfully campaigned as a member of the Whig Party to serve in the General Assembly in 1834. He served four terms in the Illinois House of Representatives, supporting expanded suffrage. The Illinois Republican Party was organized at a conference held in Majors Hall in Bloomington, the Democratic Party-led legislature investigated the states war expenditures and the treatment of Illinois troops, but with little political gain. Voters rejected each of the provisions, except the bans on black settlement, voting. The Democratic Party came to represent skepticism in the war effort, until Illinois Democratic leader Stephen A. Douglas changed his stance, the Democratic Party swept the 1862 election. In 1864, Republicans swept the state legislature and at the time of Lincolns assassination, in 1922, Lottie Holman ONeill was elected to the Illinois House of Representatives, becoming the first woman to serve in the Illinois General Assembly. By the 1990s, Illinois had started to become more Democratic in state elections, in 1996, the Democratic Party gained control of the Illinois House of Representatives. In 2002, a Democratic candidate became Illinois governor for the first time in 26 years, with the exception of 2010,2014 and 2016, Illinois Democrats have consistently gained more and more power in every election year in Illinois since the mid-1990s. Members of the House of Representatives are elected to a term without term limits. The term cycle for the Illinois Senate is staggered, to avoid complete turnovers in membership, not all districts elect senators simultaneously. Every Senate district elects its members to serve two terms and one two-year term per decade. The placement of the term in the decade varies from one district to another, with each districts terms defined as 2-4-4, 4-2-4. Like House members, Senators are elected without term limits, the officers of the General Assembly are elected at the beginning of each even number year
12.
Fox Business Network
–
Fox Business Network, also known as Fox Business, is an American cable and satellite business news television channel that is owned by the Fox Entertainment Group division of 21st Century Fox. The network discusses business and financial news, day-to-day operations are run by Kevin Magee, executive vice president of Fox News, Neil Cavuto manages content and business news coverage. As of February 2015, Fox Business Network is available to approximately 74,224,000 pay television households in the United States, News Corporation chairman Rupert Murdoch confirmed the launch at his keynote address at the 2007 McGraw-Hill Media Summit on February 8,2007. However, on July 11,2007, News Corporation announced that the new channel would be called Fox Business Network and this name Fox Business Network was chosen over Fox Business Channel due to the pre-existing legal abbreviation of FBC for the then-News Corporation-owned broadcast network Fox Broadcasting Company. The channel launched on October 15,2007, the network is placed on channel 43 in the New York City market, which is home to the NYSE and NASDAQ stock exchanges. It is paired with sister network Fox News Channel, which moved to channel 44, FBN received carriage on Cablevision channel 106, only available via subscription to its IO Digital Cable package. However, it is important to note that FBN is carried on Time Warner Cable only on its service in New York City, in other markets. Verizons FiOS TV also carries the network on its premier lineup, dish Network began carrying FBN on channel 206 on February 2,2009. FBN also received carriage on DirecTV channel 359, on May 12,2008, Fox Business Network revamped its daytime lineup, which included the debut of two new programs, Countdown to the Closing Bell and Fox Business Bulls & Bears. All six of those shows shared the same set in Studio G, the network also debuted new graphics on the same day. On May 29,2015, Imus in the Morning ended after a 5-1/2 year run, as Don Imus retired from television, best of Imus in the Morning, which aired from 5-6 a. m. ET, was replaced with a new early-morning business program, FBN AM, Varney & Company was moved up to the 9,00 a. m. ET time slot and also, was expanded to 3 hours from 9,00 a. m. to noon ET. FBN AM and Mornings with Maria were among the four new programs debuted on June 1, with Cavuto, Coast to Coast. The debate also delivered 1.4 million concurrent streams, making it the most livestreaming primary debate in history, Fox Business Network hosted its second Republican primary debate on January 14,2016 in Charleston, South Carolina with Neil Cavuto and Maria Bartiromo serving as moderators. Both of these primetime debates also included earlier debates featuring presidential candidates who were not ranked as highly in the polls as well as those based in Iowa or New Hampshire. The high definition simulcast of Fox Business Network is broadcast in the 720p resolution format, the sidebar graphic was dropped as a result of the networks switch to a 16,9 letterbox format on September 17,2012, ending the enhanced HD format altogether. The enhanced ticker and headlines, which were seen in the old sidebar graphic, were moved to the lower-third of the screen. Both the SD and HD feeds now use the same exact 16,9 letterbox format, before the network premiered, few specific facts were made public as to the type of programming approach Fox Business would be taking
13.
Ron Paul
–
Ronald Ernest Ron Paul is an American author, physician, and former politician. Representative for Texas 14th and 22nd congressional districts and he represented the 22nd congressional district from 1976 to 1977 and from 1979 to 1985, and then represented the 14th congressional district, which included Galveston, from 1997 to 2013. On three occasions, he sought the presidency of the United States, as the Libertarian Party nominee in 1988 and as a candidate in the Republican primaries of 2008 and 2012. Paul is a critic of the governments fiscal policies, especially the existence of the Federal Reserve and the tax policy, as well as the military–industrial complex. Paul has also been a critic of mass surveillance policies such as the USA PATRIOT Act. Paul was the first chairman of the conservative PAC Citizens for a Sound Economy and has characterized as the intellectual godfather of the Tea Party movement. A native of the Pittsburgh suburb of Green Tree, Pennsylvania, Paul is a graduate of Gettysburg College and the Duke University School of Medicine and he served as a flight surgeon in the U. S. Air Force from 1963 to 1968. He worked as an obstetrician-gynecologist from the 1960s to the 1980s and he became the first Representative in history to serve concurrently with a son or daughter in the Senate when his son, Rand Paul, was elected to the U. S. Senate from Kentucky in 2010. On July 12,2011, Paul announced that he would forgo seeking another term in Congress in order to focus on his presidential bid, at the 2012 Republican National Convention, Paul received 190 delegate votes. In January 2013, Paul retired from Congress but still active on college campuses. Ronald Ernest Paul was born on August 20,1935, in Pittsburgh, the son of Howard Caspar Paul, who ran a dairy company. His paternal grandfather emigrated from Germany, and his paternal grandmother, as a junior at suburban Dormont High School, he was the 200 meter dash state champion. Paul went to Gettysburg College, where he was also a member of the Lambda Chi Alpha fraternity and he graduated with a B. S. degree in Biology in 1957. Paul served as a surgeon in the United States Air Force from 1963 to 1965. Paul and his wife relocated to Texas, where he began a private practice in obstetrics. While a medical resident in the 1960s, Paul was influenced by Friedrich Hayeks The Road to Serfdom and he came to know economists Hans Sennholz and Murray Rothbard well, and credits to them his interest in the study of economics. Casey defeated him for the 22nd district, President Gerald Ford later appointed Casey to direct the Federal Maritime Commission, and Paul won an April 1976 special election to the vacant office after a runoff. Paul lost the regular election to Democrat Robert Gammage by fewer than 300 votes, but defeated Gammage in a 1978 rematch
14.
Stossel (TV series)
–
Stossel was a weekly American talk show, hosted by John Stossel, highlighting current consumer issues with a libertarian viewpoint. The television program debuted on December 10,2009, on the Fox Business Network and it originally aired at 8,00 pm EST, but was moved to 9,00 pm EST. In 2013, Fox News Channel began to replay the show which aired occasionally on the weekends, John Stossel moderated the first-ever nationally televised Libertarian presidential debate on April 1,2016. The second part of the debate aired on April 8, the final episode premiered on December 16,2016. Each show was filmed before an audience and edited to fit the hour-long format. Experts were brought in both sides to discuss the issues with Stossel, who sometimes played devils advocate with the guests whose views mirrored his own. Stossel often filmed small clips from outside the studio to supplement the show, at the end of each show, the studio audience was allowed to ask questions of some of the guests. Beginning with the August 5,2010, show, Fox Business renovated and expanded the Stossel studio, official website Stossel at the Internet Movie Database
15.
Gary Johnson
–
Gary Earl Johnson is an American businessman, author, and politician. He was the 29th Governor of New Mexico from 1995 to 2003 as a member of the Republican Party and he was also the Libertarian Party nominee for President of the United States in the 2012 and 2016 elections. Johnson founded one of New Mexicos largest construction companies and he entered politics for the first time by running for Governor of New Mexico in 1994 on a low-tax, anti-crime platform, promising a common sense business approach. He beat incumbent Democratic governor Bruce King by 50% to 40% and he cut the 10% annual growth in the budget, in part due to his use of the gubernatorial veto 200 times during his first six months. Johnson sought re-election in 1998, winning by 55% to 45%, in his second term, he concentrated on the issue of school voucher reforms as well as campaigning for cannabis decriminalization. Term-limited, Johnson retired from politics in 2003. In December 2011, he withdrew his candidacy for the Republican nomination and stood for the Libertarian nomination instead, Johnson received 1.3 million votes, more than all other minor candidates combined. Johnson ran again in 2016, once winning the Libertarian nomination. Johnson received 4.4 million votes, which is most for a third party candidate since 1996. Since the 2016 presidential election, Johnson has stated he not run for public office again. Johnson was born on January 1,1953, in Minot, North Dakota, the son of Lorraine B. who worked for the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and Earl W. Johnson, a public school teacher. In 1971, Johnson graduated from Sandia High School in Albuquerque, New Mexico and he attended the University of New Mexico from 1971 to 1975 and graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in political science. While at UNM, he joined the Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity and it was there that he met his future wife, Denise Dee Simms. While in college, Johnson earned money as a door-to-door handyman and his success in that industry encouraged him to start his own business, Big J Enterprises, in 1976. When he started the business, which focused on mechanical contracting and his firms major break came when he received a large contract from Intels expansion in Rio Rancho, which increased Big Js revenue to $38 million. To cope with the growth of the company, Johnson enrolled in a management course at night school. He eventually grew Big J into a corporation with over 1,000 employees. By the time he sold the company in 1999, it was one of New Mexicos leading construction companies, Johnson entered politics in 1994 with the intention of running for governor and was advised by Republican Elders to run for the State Legislature instead
16.
Herman Cain
–
Herman Cain is an American author, business executive, radio host, syndicated columnist, and Tea Party activist from Georgia. He was a candidate for the 2012 U. S, Cain grew up in Georgia and graduated from Morehouse College in 1967 with a Bachelor of Science in Mathematics. Cain pursued graduate studies at Purdue University and graduated with a Master of Science in Computer Science in 1971, in 1977, he joined Pillsbury Company in Minneapolis where he later became vice president. During the 1980s, his success as an executive at Burger King prompted Pillsbury Company to appoint him as chairman and CEO of Godfathers Pizza. Cain was chairman of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City Omaha Branch from 1989 to 1991 and he was deputy chairman, from 1992 to 1994, and chairman, from 1995 to 1996, of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City. In 1995, Cain was appointed by Newt Gingrich to the Kemp Commission, Cain became the CEO of the National Restaurant Association, in which he served as president and CEO from 1996 to 1999. During the presidency of Bill Clinton, Cain publicly opposed the Clinton health care plan of 1993, Cain has served as a member of the board of directors of several companies, including Aquila, Inc. Nabisco, Whirlpool, Readers Digest, and AGCO, in May 2011 Cain announced his presidential candidacy. By the fall, his proposed 9–9–9 tax plan and debating performances had made him the Republican front-runner, in November, however, his campaign struggled with allegations of sexual misconduct—all denied by Cain—and he announced its suspension on December 3. At the end of 2011, the Pew Research Center reported that, of the Republican candidates, on May 15,2012, Cain endorsed Mitt Romney. Cain has said that as he was growing up, his family was poor, Cain related that his mother taught him about her belief that success was not a function of what you start out with materially, but what you start out with spiritually. His father worked three jobs to own his own home—something he achieved during Cain’s childhood—and to see his two sons graduate. Cain grew up on the west side of Atlanta, Georgia, attending school, eventually Cains father saved enough money and the family moved to a modest brick home on Albert Street in the Collier Heights neighborhood. He attended Archer High School, graduating in 1963, Cain married Gloria Cain, of Atlanta, soon after her graduation from Morris Brown College in 1968. Gloria Cain is a homemaker, with experience as a teacher, the couple have two children and three grandchildren. In 2006 Cain was diagnosed with Stage IV cancer in his colon and metastases to his liver, Cain underwent surgery and chemotherapy following the diagnosis, and has since reported that he is in remission. Cain also serves as a minister at Antioch Baptist Church North in Atlanta. After completing his master’s degree from Purdue, Cain left the Department of the Navy, in 1977, he moved to Minneapolis to join Pillsbury, soon becoming director of business analysis in its restaurant and foods group in 1978
17.
CNN
–
The Cable News Network is an American basic cable and satellite television news channel owned by the Turner Broadcasting System division of Time Warner. It was founded in 1980 by American media proprietor Ted Turner as a 24-hour cable news channel, upon its launch, CNN was the first television channel to provide 24-hour news coverage, and was the first all-news television channel in the United States. While the news channel has numerous affiliates, CNN primarily broadcasts from the Time Warner Center in New York City and its headquarters at the CNN Center in Atlanta is only used for weekend programming. CNN is sometimes referred to as CNN/U. S. to distinguish the American channel from its sister network. As of August 2010, CNN is available in over 100 million U. S. households, broadcast coverage of the U. S. channel extends to over 890,000 American hotel rooms, as well as carriage on cable and satellite providers throughout Canada. Globally, CNN programming airs through CNN International, which can be seen by viewers in over 212 countries and territories, as of February 2015, CNN is available to about 96,289,000 cable, satellite, and telco television households in the United States. The Cable News Network was launched at 5,00 p. m. Eastern Time on June 1,1980, after an introduction by Ted Turner, the husband and wife team of David Walker and Lois Hart anchored the channels first newscast. Burt Reinhardt, the vice president of CNN at its launch, hired most of the channels first 200 employees, including the networks first news anchor. Since its debut, CNN has expanded its reach to a number of cable and satellite providers, several websites. The company has 36 bureaus, more than 900 affiliated local stations, the channels success made a bona-fide mogul of founder Ted Turner and set the stage for conglomerate Time Warners eventual acquisition of the Turner Broadcasting System in 1996. A companion channel, CNN2, was launched on January 1,1982, on January 28,1986, CNN carried the only live television coverage of the launch and subsequent break-up of Space Shuttle Challenger, which killed all seven crew members on board. On October 14,1987, Jessica McClure, an 18-month-old toddler, fell down a well in Midland, CNN quickly reported on the story, and the event helped make its name. This was before correspondents reported live from the capital while American bombs were falling. Before Saddam Hussein held a press conference with a few of the hundreds of Americans he was holding hostage. Before the nation watched, riveted but powerless, as Los Angeles was looted and burned, before O. J. Simpson took a slow ride in a white Bronco, and before everyone close to his case had an agent and a book contract. This was uncharted territory just a time ago. The moment when bombing began was announced on CNN by Bernard Shaw on January 16,1991, as follows, lets describe to our viewers what were seeing. The skies over Baghdad have been illuminated, were seeing bright flashes going off all over the sky
18.
Bill Maher
–
William Bill Maher is an American comedian, writer, producer, political commentator, actor, media critic, and television host. As a television host, he is known for the HBO political talk show Real Time with Bill Maher. Maher previously hosted a similar show called Politically Incorrect, originally on Comedy Central. Maher is known for his attitude, political satire. He targets many topics including religion, politics, bureaucracies, political correctness, Maher supports the legalization of cannabis and same-sex marriage. His critical views of religion were the basis for the 2008 documentary film Religulous and he is a supporter of animal rights, having served on the board of PETA since 1997, and is an advisory board member of Project Reason. In 2005, Maher ranked at number 38 on Comedy Centrals 100 greatest stand-up comedians of all time and he received a Hollywood Walk of Fame star on September 14,2010. Maher was born in Manhattan, New York City and his father, William Aloysius Maher, Jr. was a network news editor and radio announcer, and his mother, Julie Maher, was a nurse. He was raised in his Irish-American fathers Roman Catholic religion, until his early teens, he was unaware that his mother, whose family was from Hungary, was Jewish. Owing to his disagreement with the Catholic Churchs doctrine about birth control, Mahers father stopped taking Maher, Maher was raised in River Vale, New Jersey, and graduated from Pascack Hills High School in Montvale in 1974. He then attended Cornell University, where he majored in English and history. Maher has said, selling pot allowed me to get through college, Maher began his career as a stand-up comedian and actor. He was host of the New York City comedy club Catch a Rising Star in 1979, Maher began appearing on Johnny Carsons and David Lettermans shows in 1982. He made limited television appearances including on Sara, Max Headroom, Murder, She Wrote and his feature film debut was in D. C. He later appeared in Ratboy, House II, The Second Story, Cannibal Women in the Avocado Jungle of Death, and Pizza Man. Maher assumed the host role on Politically Incorrect with Bill Maher, the group would discuss topical issues selected by Maher, who also participated in the discussions. Jerry Seinfeld, a regular guest on the show, stated that Politically Incorrect reminded him of talk shows from the 1950s and 60s when guests interacted with other as much as with the host. Maher earned numerous nominations for his producing, writing and hosting of Politically Incorrect, including ten Emmy nominations
19.
HBO
–
Home Box Office is an American premium cable and satellite television network that is owned by Time Warner through its respective flagship company Home Box Office, Inc. HBO is the oldest and longest continuously operating pay television service in the United States, in 2014, HBO had an adjusted operating income of US$1.79 billion, compared to the US$1.68 billion it accrued in 2013. HBO has 49 million subscribers in the United States and 130 million worldwide as of 2016, the network provides seven 24-hour multiplex channels, including HBO Comedy, HBO Latino, HBO Signature and HBO Family. It launched the streaming service HBO Now in April 2015, and has over 2 million subscribers in the United States as of February 2017. In addition to its U. S. subscriber base, HBO distributes content in at least 151 countries, HBO subscribers generally pay for an extra tier of service that includes other cable- and satellite-exclusive channels even before paying for the channel itself. Cable providers can require the use of a converter box – usually digital – in order to receive HBO, many HBO programs have been syndicated to other networks and broadcast television stations, and a number of HBO-produced series and films have been released on DVD. The new system, which Dolan named Sterling Information Services, became the first urban underground cable system in the United States. In that same year, Time-Life, Inc. purchased a 20% stake in Dolans company, in the summer of 1971, while on a family vacation in France, Charles Dolan began to think of ideas to make Sterling Manhattan profitable. He came up with the concept for a television service. Dolan later presented his idea to Time-Life management, though satellite distribution seemed only a distant possibility at the time, he persuaded Time-Life to back him on the project. To gauge whether consumers would be interested in subscribing to a pay television service, in a meeting of Dolan and some Time-Life executives who were working on the project, various other names were discussed for the new service. Home Box Office launched on November 8,1972, however, HBOs launch came without fanfare in the press, as it was not covered by any local or national media outlets. Home Box Office distributed its first sports event immediately after the film, Four months later in February 1973, Home Box Office aired its first television special, the Pennsylvania Polka Festival. Home Box Office would use a network of relay towers to distribute its programming to cable systems throughout its service area. Sterling Manhattan Cable continued to lose money because the company had only a small base of 20,000 customers in Manhattan. Time-Life dropped the Sterling name and the company was renamed Manhattan Cable Television under Time-Lifes control in March 1973, Gerald Levin, who had been with Home Box Office since it began operations as its vice president of programming, replaced Dolan as the companys president and chief executive officer. In September 1973, Time-Life, Inc. completed its acquisition of the pay service. HBO would eventually increase its fortunes within two years, by April 1975, the service had around 100,000 subscribers in Pennsylvania and New York state, in 1974, they settled on using a geostationary communications satellite to transmit HBO to cable providers throughout the United States
20.
Real Time with Bill Maher
–
Real Time with Bill Maher is a talk show that airs weekly on HBO, hosted by comedian and political satirist Bill Maher. Much like his previous series Politically Incorrect on ABC, Real Time features a panel of guests who discuss current events in politics, additionally, many guests appear via satellite. Real Time is a weekly program with a studio audience. It originates from Studio 33 at CBS Television City in Los Angeles, in addition, a 10- to 15-minute Overtime segment quickly follows the show on YouTube which answers questions posted by viewers through HBOs online website for the show. Prior to 2009, approximately 12 new weekly episodes aired from February to early May, in 2009, the show began airing as one continuous season. HBO has renewed Real Time through 2018, for its 15th and 16th seasons, the format of the show usually features an opening current events or political skit, followed by the credits and a comedy monologue. Maher then interviews an important figure via satellite or in-studio before sitting down with three panel guests for an extensive debate, halfway through the panel session, Maher does a comedy skit that usually satirizes current news items. Following the comedy bit, Maher interviews another figure via satellite or in-studio, the format varies, with two or three people on the interview panel. Maher explains that the format is not rigid and that they prefer live interviews to satellite interviews, near the end of every episode, Maher has a segment called New Rules which serves as a humorous editorial on popular culture and American politics. The final New Rule segues into Mahers closing editorial monologue, since the show airs on HBO, the participants do not have to restrict their language to conform to the broadcast standards that existed on Politically Incorrect. Also, pictures shown on New Rules sometimes have nudity or uncensored images, in the first season, Paul F. Tompkins was featured as a correspondent. Also, every episode would end with a performance by a stand-up comedian, the segments featuring Tompkins and comedians were dropped after the tenth episode. Viewers were also able to call into the show in the first season and ask questions over the air. Starting with episode 67 in February 2006, audio-only episodes were available as a free podcast via the iTunes Store. The podcasts also feature material cut from the show but taped during the studio rehearsal, during the fall of 2006, Maher began hosting a live chat on HBOs website following each broadcast, usually including some of the show guests. Viewers are invited to submit prior to and during the original telecast for Maher. It is also available on the shows YouTube channel, the opening sequence begins with a spoken phrase from the Los Angeles speaking clock, featuring an Joanne Daniels as the time lady saying Good Afternoon. The theme song is composed by Christopher Kid Reid and his voice is heard saying Start the clock, Real Time and Bill Maher
Media related to Reggie Brown (impersonator) at Wikimedia Commons