1.
Oliver Stone
–
William Oliver Stone is an American screenwriter, film director, and producer. Stone won an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay as writer of Midnight Express and he also wrote the acclaimed gangster movie Scarface. As a director, Stone achieved prominence as director/writer of the war drama Platoon, for which Stone won the Academy Award for Best Director, Platoon was the first in a trilogy of films based on the Vietnam War, in which Stone served as an infantry soldier. He continued the series with Born on the Fourth of July —for which Stone won his second Best Director Oscar—and Heaven & Earth. Many of Stones films focus on controversial American political issues during the late 20th century and they often combine different camera and film formats within a single scene, as evidenced in JFK, Natural Born Killers, and Nixon. Stone was born September 15,1946, in New York City, the son of Jacqueline and Louis Stone and he grew up in Manhattan and Stamford, Connecticut. His parents met during World War II, when his father was fighting as a part of the Allied force in France and his American-born father was a non-practicing Jew, and his French-born mother was a non-practicing Roman Catholic. Stone was raised in the Episcopal Church, and now practices Buddhism, Stone attended Trinity School in New York City before his parents sent him away to The Hill School, a college-preparatory school in Pottstown, Pennsylvania. His parents were divorced abruptly while he was away at school, Stones mother was often absent and his father made a big impact on his life, father-son relationships were to feature heavily in Stones films. He often spent parts of his vacations with his maternal grandparents in France. Stone also worked at 17 in the Paris mercantile exchange in sugar, Stone graduated from The Hill School in 1964. Stone was admitted into Yale University, but left in June 1965 at age 18 to teach school students English for six months in Saigon at the Free Pacific Institute in South Vietnam. Afterwards, he worked as a wiper on a United States Merchant Marine ship in 1966 and he returned to Yale, where he dropped out a second time. In April 1967, Stone enlisted in the United States Army, from September 16,1967 to April 1968, he served in Vietnam with 2nd Platoon, B Company, 3rd Battalion, 25th Infantry Division and was twice wounded in action. He was then transferred to the First Cavalry Division participating in long range patrols before being transferred again to drive for an infantry unit of the division until November 1968. Stone graduated from New York University with a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in film in 1971, Stone made a short, well received 12-minute film Last Year in Viet Nam. In 1979, Stone won his first Academy Award, after adapting true-life prison story Midnight Express into a hit film for British director Alan Parker. Stones screenplay for Midnight Express was criticized by some for its inaccuracies in portraying the events described in the book, the original author, Billy Hayes, around whom the film is set, spoke out against the film, protesting that he had many Turkish friends while in jail
2.
Gerald Green
–
Gerald Anthony Green, Jr. also known as G-Money, is an American professional basketball player for the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association. He was drafted by the Celtics with the 18th overall pick in the 2005 NBA draft, Green was born in Houston, Texas. When he was in the 6th grade, he was involved in an accident that left a significant portion of his ring finger cut off. He was wearing a ring on his ring finger when he attempted a dunk on a makeshift basketball hoop. The ring caught onto a nail on the goal and his finger was ripped, Green did not play high school basketball until his sophomore year, when he played junior varsity for J. Frank Dobie High School. In his junior year, he made the varsity team, Green transferred to a charter school, Gulf Shores Academy in Houston where he repeated his junior year. In his senior year at Gulf Shores, he averaged 33 points,12 rebounds,7 assists, Green also won the McDonalds All-American Slam Dunk Contest that year, defeating future Duke player Josh McRoberts. Considered a five-star recruit by Rivals. com, Green was listed as the No.1 player in the nation in 2005, Green originally committed to Oklahoma State University, but later decided to enter the NBA Draft upon graduation. He hired an agent, thereby making himself ineligible to participate in NCAA athletics, Green was expected by many analysts to be one of the top players chosen but he fell to the Celtics, who selected him with the 18th pick in the draft. His fall is attributed to his decision to give individual workouts only for the teams with the top six picks prior to the draft, Green drew comparisons to former Houston Rockets teammate and star Tracy McGrady in the period leading up to the 2005 NBA draft. During the pre-season, Green averaged 8 points and 1.3 rebounds per game for the Celtics in the 2005 Las Vegas Summer League. After seeing limited playing time during the first part of the season and he was recalled and activated to an NBA roster position on February 3. He was reassigned to the NBDL, to the Florida Flame and he was recalled and activated again on February 21, and saw his first significant NBA game action on the following night, scoring 13 points and grabbing 9 rebounds in 23 minutes. He appeared in 32 games and averaged 11.8 minutes,5.2 points, over the off-season, Green aimed at improving all aspects of his game in order to gain playing time. With injuries to Szczerbiak and Pierce, his time increased. Green started his first ever game early December against the Philadelphia 76ers, Green finished the 2006–07 season averaging 10.4 points,2.6 rebounds and 1.0 assists per game. On February 17,2007, Green won the 2007 NBA Slam Dunk Contest, beating out Nate Robinson, Tyrus Thomas, the season was going very well for Green. On March 16,2007, he scored a career-high 25 points in a Celtics loss to the Dallas Mavericks, at Minnesota, Green found himself stuck on the bench behind a number of players at his same position
3.
James Woods
–
James Howard Woods is an American actor and producer. On television, he is known for portraying the titular protagonist of Shark, Woods has been twice recognized by the Academy Awards as a nominee, first in the Best Actor category for Salvador and again in the Best Supporting Actor category for Ghosts of Mississippi. He is also the recipient of three Emmy Awards for the television movies Promise and My Name Is Bill W. and the animated series Hercules, Promise additionally brought him a Golden Globe Award. He has lent his voice to animated characters in The Simpsons, Family Guy, Grand Theft Auto, San Andreas. Woods was born in Vernal, Utah, and had a ten years younger than he. His father, Gail Peyton Woods, was an intelligence officer who died in 1960 after routine surgery. His mother, Martha A. operated a pre-school after her husbands death, Woods grew up in Warwick, Rhode Island, where he attended Pilgrim High School, from which he graduated in 1965. He is of part Irish descent and was raised Catholic, briefly serving as an altar boy, Woods ultimately chose to pursue his undergraduate studies at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he majored in political science. While at MIT, Woods pledged to Theta Delta Chi Fraternity and he was also an active member of the student theatre group Dramashop where he both acted in and directed a number of plays. To pursue a career in acting, he dropped out of MIT in 1969 before his graduation, Woods has said that he became an actor thanks to Tim Affleck, who was a stage manager at the Theatre Company of Boston while Woods was a student there. Woods appeared in plays before making his Broadway debut in 1970 at the Lyceum Theatre. He got the part by pretending he was British and he returned to Broadway the following year to portray David Darst in Daniel Berrigans The Trial of the Catonsville Nine. In 1971, he played Bob Rettie in the American premiere of Michael Wellers Moonchildren at the Arena Stage in Washington, the production moved to Broadway the following year and Woods won a Theatre World Award for his performance. He returned to Broadway in 1973 to portray Steven Cooper in the production of Jean Kerrs Finishing Touches. He is known for his dark, intense characters and villains, early examples include his portrayals of a sadistic murderer in 1979s The Onion Field, and of serial killer Carl Panzram in 1994s Killer, A Journal of Murder. He appeared in an episode of The Rockford Files, playing a son whose parents were murdered, one of his favorite film roles is Max, the domineering gangster, in Sergio Leones epic Once Upon a Time in America. In 1995, Woods took the role of pimp Lester Diamond in Martin Scorseses Casino and that same year, he portrayed H. R. Haldeman in Nixon, the biopic of Richard M. Nixon, directed by Oliver Stone. In one of his most prominent television roles, Woods starred in the CBS legal drama series Shark and he played an infamous defense lawyer who, after growing disillusioned when his client commits a murder, becomes a successful prosecutor with the Los Angeles County District Attorneys office
4.
Jim Belushi
–
James Adam Jim Belushi is an Albanian-American actor, voice actor, comedian, singer and musician. He is the brother of late comic actor John Belushi and father of actor Robert Belushi. Belushi has also been a prominent figure in cinema, performing in such as Thief, Little Shop of Horrors, Trading Places, Salvador, Red Heat. K-9, Mr. Destiny, Last Action Hero, Jingle All the Way, Wag the Dog, Curly Sue, Return to Me, The Wild, Underdog, The Ghost Writer, Home Sweet Hell, and The Whole Truth. Belushi was born in Chicago to Adam Anastos Belushi and Agnes Demetri Samaras Belushi and he was raised in Wheaton, a Chicago suburb, along with his three siblings, older brother John, his older sister, Marian, and a younger brother, Billy. After graduating from Wheaton Central High School, Jim Belushi attended the College of DuPage and graduated from Southern Illinois University Carbondale with a degree in Speech, from 1977 to 1980, Belushi, like his older brother John Belushi, worked with the Chicago theater group The Second City. During this period, Belushi made his debut in 1978s Whos Watching the Kids. His first significant role was in Michael Manns Thief, after his elder brother Johns death, from 1983 to 1985 he appeared on Saturday Night Live, he portrayed characters such as Hank Rippy from Hello, Trudy. and That White Guy. Belushi also appeared in the film Trading Places as a man in a gorilla suit during a New Years Eve party. He made a guest appearance in Faerie Tale Theatres third-season episode Pinocchio, Belushi rose to greater prominence with his supporting roles in The Man with One Red Shoe, About Last Night. Salvador and Little Shop of Horrors, which opened up opportunities for lead roles and his voice work includes The Mighty Ducks, The Pebble and the Penguin, Babes in Toy land, Gargoyles and Hey Arnold. And the more recent Hoodwinked, Scooby-Doo. and the Goblin King and he also lent his vocal talents for 9, The Last Resort, in which he portrayed Salty, a coarse yet helpful character. In 1997, he portrayed the Masked Mutant in the Goosebumps PC video game, on January 4,2001, Belushi appeared on the ER episode Piece of Mind. The episode focused on both Dr. Mark Greenes life-or-death brain surgery in New York and Belushis character, who had been in a car accident with his son in Chicago. Belushis performance contributed to his re-emergence in the eye. His first animation voice-over was as a pimple on Krums head in Aaahh and that performance led him to be cast in the continuing role as Simon the Monster Hunter in that series, where he ad-libbed much of his own dialogue. In 2003, Belushi and Dan Aykroyd released the album Have Love, Will Travel and he also performs at various venues nationwide as Zee Blues in an updated version of The Blues Brothers. He released his first book, Real Men Dont Apologize, in May 2006, recently, Belushi was a narrator of an NFL offensive linemen commercial
5.
Michael Murphy (actor)
–
Michael George Murphy is an American film, television and stage actor. He often plays unethical or morally ambiguous characters in positions of authority, including politicians, executives, Murphy was born in Los Angeles, California, the son of Georgia Arlyn, a teacher, and Bearl Branton Murphy, a salesman. He served in the United States Marine Corps and attended the University of California at Los Angeles, after working as a high school teacher for two years at University High School in West Los Angeles, he pursued an acting career. Other Altman films and television series in which Murphy appeared include the World War II TV series Combat, countdown, That Cold Day in the Park, McCabe & Mrs. Miller, The Caine Mutiny Court Martial and Kansas City. Other notable film roles include The Year of Living Dangerously, Salvador, Silver City and his television roles include guest appearances on Law & Order, Law & Order, Criminal Intent, L. A. Law and Judging Amy. He has also narrated a number of episodes of the PBS historical documentary series The American Experience. He appeared in Canadian film and television, including This Is Wonderland and he also appeared in the 2004 Canadian film Childstar. Murphy was married to Canadian actress Wendy Crewson from 1988 until their divorce in January 2009 and they have two children, Maggie and John. Michael Murphy at the Internet Movie Database
6.
John Savage (actor)
–
John Savage is an American actor, best known for his roles in the films The Deer Hunter, The Onion Field, Hair and Salvador. He is also known for his role as Donald Lydecker in the TV series Dark Angel, Savage was born in Old Bethpage, New York to Floyd-Jones Youngs, an insurance salesman who served on Guadalcanal during World War II with the Marine Corps. His sisters are Boston-based radio and television personality Robin Young and actress Gail Youngs and his brother is actor Jim Youngs. His first major role was as Steven in the 1978 film, The Deer Hunter. He also had a role in 1979s The Onion Field. One of his most famous roles was as Claude Bukowski in Miloš Formans 1979 film Hair and he had a brief role in Terrence Malicks war film, The Thin Red Line. In the late 1970s, he appeared on Broadway in David Mamets play. In 1991 he was featured in a role in Italian director Lucio Fulcis final film Door to Silence. In more recent years he has seen on the small as well as the big screen. He was the character of Donald Lydecker in the first and second seasons of Dark Angel. Another recurring role found him as Henry Scudder in the HBO-produced television series Carnivàle, in 2005, he appeared on Law & Order, Special Victims Unit. He lent his voice to a monologue on the track of the album, This Town. In September 2009, he appeared in the episode of Season 2 of the Fox network drama Fringe. He most recently starred in the western thriller The Sorrow with Kirk Harris and he also played a supporting role in Hit List. John Savage at the Internet Movie Database
7.
Elpidia Carrillo
–
Elpidia Carrillo is a Mexican and American actress and director. Her career includes roles in both Latin American and US film and television and she is best known in the United States for her supporting role in the iconic action film Predator, Bread and Roses and Nine Lives. She was also nominated for an Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead for her performance in Salvador and she also known for the role Tecuichpo in the Independent film The Other Conquest. Carrillo was born in Santa Elena, Michoacán, Mexico, a mountain town. One of eight children in a family of laborers, her childhood was marked by violence. At the age of three, her father was murdered, forcing her eldest brother to assume control of the family, wanting Carrillo to get an education, he forged a birth certificate so she could begin first grade at age four. When she was six, her brother was gunned down outside a theater. When she was ten, Carrillo moved to the town of Uruapan with an older sister where she dropped out of school as she began working alongside her sister at a Chinese restaurant, Carrillo was discovered by a local photographer in Uruapan, Mexico and soon received a modeling contract. At 12 years old, director Rafael Corkidi cast Elpidia as Malinche in the surrealist Mexican feature film Pafnucio Santo, the film was Mexicos official submission to the Academy Awards that year, but with its many esoteric elements, it failed to garner a nomination. Due to the role involving nudity and her being under age, Corkidi cast Carrillo again for a larger role in his film Deseos. By age 16, she shot her first lead role in the controversial Mexican feature Nuevo Mundo, having worked numerous films, she decided to enroll in the Bellas Arts School in Mexico City. After numerous Mexican and International film and television credits, Carrillos US film career quickly emerged as she did a series of critically acclaimed roles in award nominated US projects. Her first US film came when Academy Award winning director Tony Richardson cast her in a role in the film The Border opposite Jack Nicholson. Next she made her US television debut in the role of Coana in the Primetime Emmy nominated mini-series Christopher Columbus and her character of Anna is also the only character to recur in more than a single film during the Predator franchise as she would also briefly appears in Predator 2. Predator is widely considered the most commercially successful film of Carrillos career and her most recognizable role, though initially weakly received by critics, the film has subsequently gone on to become an action film classic making numerous best of lists in later years. At the time of its release, the received an Oscar nomination for Best Visual Effects. The film also won the Casting Society of Americas Artios Award for Best Casting for a Drama Feature, johnny Depp cast her as the female lead of his only directorial effort, the controversial The Brave, which he also starred in along with Marlon Brando. Carrillo would go on to win the 2002 ALMA Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture, during the telecast, both women came to the podium together and shared time in giving their acceptance speeches
8.
Georges Delerue
–
Georges Delerue was a French composer who composed over 350 scores for cinema and television. Delerue won numerous important film awards, including an Academy Award for A Little Romance. The French newspaper Le Figaro named him the Mozart of cinema, Delerue was the first composer to win three consecutive César Awards for Get Out Your Handkerchiefs, Love on the Run, and The Last Metro. Georges Delerue was named Commander of Arts and Letters, one of Frances highest honours, Georges Delerue was born 12 March 1925 in Roubaix, France to Georges Delerue and Marie Lhoest. He was raised in a household, his grandfather led an amateur chorale group and his mother sang. By the age of fourteen he was playing clarinet at the music conservatory. In 1940 he was forced to abandon his studies at the Turgot Institute in order to work at a factory to support his family. He continued playing clarinet with bands, eventually transitioning to piano under the instruction of Madame Picavet-Bacquart. He studied Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, Chopin, and Grieg, following a long convalescence after being diagnosed with scoliosis, Georges decided to become a composer. In 1945, following his studies at the Roubaix conservatory, Delerue was accepted into the Conservatoire de Paris, to help support himself, he took jobs playing at dances, baptisms, marriages, and funerals—even performing jazz in the piano bars near the Paris Opera. In 1947 he received a mention for the Rome Prize. That year at the Theater Festival of Avignon, Delerue conducted a performance of Scheherazade, in the 1949 Rome Prize competition, he won the First Second Grand Prize, and the First Prize for Composition. He began writing music during the late 1940s, including for the Théâtre National Populaire, Comédie-Française. He also became friends with Maurice Jarre and Pierre Boulez, by the early 1950s Delerue was composing music for short films and writing theatrical music for the Théâtre Babylone and the Opéra Comique. In 1952 he began directing the orchestra of the Club dEssai for French National Radio and Television, in 1954 he wrote his first compositions for historical spectacles of light and sound, Lisieux and The Liberation of Paris. In 1955 he composed his Concert Symphony for Piano and Orchestra, in 1959 he composed his first score for a feature film, Le bel âge. He composed the music for Flemming Flindts ballet, Enetime, based on Ionescos play, during his 42 years career he put his talent to the service of nearly 200 feature movies,125 short ones,70 TV films and 35 TV serials. The soundtrack for war docudrama by Pierre Schoendoerffer, Diên Biên Phu, was one of the notable works
9.
Hemdale Film Corporation
–
Hemmings left the company in 1971, and Daly purchased his stock. They were known for having produced numerous acclaimed and well-known genre films, often in conjunction with such as TriStar. Hemdale is a combination of Hemmings and Dalys surnames, Hemdale began as an investment company to cut the high personal taxes on British actors. Eventually, the company went public as Hemdale Ltd. and began diversifying, Hemdale also distributed cable TV to hotels, which, in 1974, was its major source of revenue. After producing and distributing British films throughout the 1970s, Hemdale relocated to Hollywood in 1980, a distribution agreement was made with Orion Pictures. John Daly was Hemdales chairman and president, in 1981 Derek Gibson joined the company as executive vice president and head of production. Daly and Gibson were then credited together as producers on all Hemdale films. Hemdale produced and or financed over 80 films during this period, the company suffered a credit line withdrawal from its French bank Credit Lyonnais due to a number of Government bank inquiries. The banks difficulties forced it to withdraw Hemdales line of credit, in 1991, Eric Parkinson joined Hemdale as president of Hemdale Home Video and Hemdale Communications. That same year, Hemdale created a collection of video cassette titles released by Hemdale Home Video around the United States of America. Its first title was the Home Video reissue of the original Terminator in 1991, in 1995, the video rights to some of Hemdales higher-profile titles were licensed to LIVE Entertainment. In 1995, Hemdale shut its doors, shortly after it was announced that Daly, the library was then incorporated into Consortium de Réalisation, a French holding company set up by Credit Lyonnais to handle the rights to titles acquired by Credit Lyonnais Bank. After the studio closed, the Hemdale library was incorporated into the Orion Pictures output now owned by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, after MGM acquired the Consortium de Réalisation library from PolyGram. One significant exception is The Last Emperor, a Hemdale production whose rights are now held by its producer, Hemdale licensed each of the US media rights to different companies, for example, Columbia Pictures handled US Theatrical only. Most of the foreign productions Hemdale distributed have subsequently returned to their original owners, the companys last new credit was the Virgin Games video game adaptation The Terminator, which showed up on the games start up screen as Hemdales The Terminator. Hemdale Film Corporation at the Internet Movie Database Hemdale Film Corporation at the Internet Movie Database Hemdale Film Corporation at the Internet Movie Database
10.
War film
–
War film is a film genre concerned with warfare, typically about naval, air, or land battles, with combat scenes central to the drama. It has been associated with the 20th century. The fateful nature of battle scenes means that war films often end with them, themes explored include combat, survival and escape, sacrifice, the futility and inhumanity of battle, the effects of war on society, and the moral and human issues raised by war. War films are categorized by their milieu, such as the Korean War. The stories told may be fiction, historical drama, or biographical, critics have noted similarities between the Western and the war film. Subgenres, not necessarily distinct, include anti-war, comedy, animated, propaganda, the war film genre is not necessarily tightly defined, the American Film Institute, for example, speaks of films to grapple with the Great War without attempting to classify these. However, some directors and critics have offered at least tentative definitions, the director Sam Fuller defined the genre by saying that a war film’s objective, no matter how personal or emotional, is to make a viewer feel war. However, Neale notes, films set in the American Civil War or the American Indian Wars of the 19th century were called war films in the time before the First World War, the film scholar Kathryn Kane points out some similarities between the war film genre and the Western. Both genres use opposing concepts like war and peace, civilization, james Clarke notes the similarity between a Western like Sam Peckinpahs The Wild Bunch and war-movie escapades like The Dirty Dozen. They take place in the combat zones of World War II, against the established enemies, on the ground. They contain many repeated events, such as mail call, all presented visually with appropriate uniforms, equipment and she argues that the combat film is not a subgenre but the only genuine kind of war film. This in turn pushes combat scenes to the ends of war films. Not all critics agree, either, that war films must be about 20th century wars, the costliest war in U. S. history in terms of American life, this war has been the subject of, or the backdrop to, numerous films, documentaries and mini-series. One of the earliest films using the Civil War as its subject was D. W. Griffiths 1910 silent picture, The Fugitive. Some films such as Gettysburg focused on a battle during the war, or even on a single incident, like the French short film. Others like the 1993 miniseries North and South spanned the entire breadth of the war, some films deal with the human aspects of the war, such as The Red Badge of Courage, or Shenandoah, on the tragedy that the war inflicted on the civilian population. Ken Burnss The Civil War is the most watched documentary in the history of PBS, the first war films come from the Spanish–American War of 1898. Short actualities – documentary film-clips – included Burial of the Maine Victims, Blanket-Tossing of a New Recruit and these non-combat films were accompanied by reenactments of fighting, such as of Theodore Roosevelts Rough Riders in action against the Spanish, staged in the United States
11.
Salvadoran Civil War
–
By January 1980 the left-wing political organizations united to form the Coordinated Revolutionaries of the Masses. A few months later the armed groups united to form the Unified Revolutionary Directorate. It was renamed the FMLN following its merger with the Communist Party in October 1980, the full-fledged civil war lasted for more than 12 years and saw extreme violence from both sides. It also included the deliberate terrorizing and targeting of civilians by death squads, recruitment of soldiers and other violations of human rights. An unknown number of disappeared during the conflict, and the UN reports that more than 75,000 were killed. The United States contributed to the conflict by providing large amounts of aid to the government of El Salvador during the Carter. In 1990 the UN began peace negotiations and on January 16,1992, El Salvador is the smallest country in Central America after Belize. As in many nations of Latin America, the history of El Salvador has been characterized by marked socioeconomic inequality, in the late 19th century coffee became a major cash crop for El Salvador, bringing in approximately 95% of the countrys income. However, this income was restricted to only 2% of the population, socioeconomic tension grew through the 1920s and were compounded by a drop in coffee prices following the stock-market crash of 1929. In 1932 the Central American Socialist Party was formed and led an uprising of peasants, the government brutally suppressed it in what became known as the 1932 Salvadoran peasant massacre or simply La Matanza, with the military murdering between 10, 000-40,000 indigenous people. Farabundo Martí, the leader of the uprising, was arrested and put to death. La Matanza also served to reinforce feelings of strong distrust and animosity among the populace towards the government, the military, on July 14,1969, an armed conflict erupted between El Salvador and Honduras over immigration disputes caused by Honduran land reform laws. The conflict lasted only four days, but had major long-term effects for Salvadoran society, Trade was disrupted between El Salvador and Honduras, causing tremendous economic damage to both nations. An estimated 300,000 Salvadorans were displaced due to battle, many of whom were exiled from Honduras, in many cases, the Football War also strengthened the power of the military in El Salvador, leading to heightened corruption. The 1973 oil crisis led to rising prices and decreased agricultural output. This worsened the existent socioeconomic inequality in the country, leading to increased unrest, in response, President Arturo Armando Molina enacted a series of land reform measures, calling for large landholdings to be redistributed among the peasant population. The reforms failed, thanks to opposition from the landed elite, the period between the election and the formal inauguration of President Romero on 1 July 1977 was characterized by massive protests from the popular movement, which were met by state repression. On 28 February 1977 a crowd of demonstrators gathered in downtown San Salvador to protest the electoral fraud
12.
Right-wing politics
–
Hierarchy and inequality may be viewed as natural results of traditional social differences or the competition in market economies. The term right-wing can generally refer to the conservative or reactionary section of a party or system. The original Right in France was formed as a reaction against the Left, and comprised those politicians supporting hierarchy, tradition, the use of the expression la droite became prominent in France after the restoration of the monarchy in 1815, when it was applied to the Ultra-royalists. The people of English-speaking countries did not apply the terms right, from the 1830s to the 1880s, there was a shift in the Western world of social class structure and the economy, moving away from nobility and aristocracy towards capitalism. This general economic shift toward capitalism affected centre right movements such as the British Conservative Party, in the United States, the Right includes both economic and social conservatives. The nobility, members of the Second Estate, generally sat to the right, in the successive legislative assemblies, monarchists who supported the Ancien Régime were commonly referred to as rightists because they sat on the right side. A major figure on the right was Joseph de Maistre, who argued for a form of conservatism. Throughout the 19th century, the line dividing Left and Right in France was between supporters of the republic and supporters of the monarchy. In British politics, the right and left came into common use for the first time in the late 1930s in debates over the Spanish Civil War. The meaning of right-wing varies across societies, historical epochs, and political systems, according to The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Politics, in liberal democracies, the political Right opposes socialism and social democracy. Right-wing parties include conservatives, Christian democrats, classical liberals, nationalists and, on the far Right, Roger Eatwell and Neal OSullivan divide the Right into five types, reactionary, moderate, radical, extreme, and new. Chip Berlet argues that each of these styles of thought are responses to the left, including liberalism and socialism, the reactionary right looks toward the past and is aristocratic, religious and authoritarian. Often the moderate right promotes nationalism and social welfare policies, radical right is a term developed after World War II to describe groups and ideologies such as McCarthyism, the John Birch Society, Thatcherism, and the Republikaner Party. Eatwell stresses that use has major typological problems and that the term has also been applied to clearly democratic developments. The radical right includes right-wing populism and various other subtypes, Eatwell argues that the extreme right has four traits, 1) anti-democracy, 2) nationalism, 3) racism, and 4) the strong state. The New Right consists of the conservatives, who stress small government, free markets. Other authors make a distinction between the centre-right and the far right, parties of the centre-right generally support liberal democracy, capitalism, the market economy, private property rights, and a limited welfare state. They support conservatism and economic liberalism, and oppose socialism and communism, typical examples of leaders to whom the far right label is often applied are Francisco Franco in Spain and Augusto Pinochet in Chile
13.
Jean Donovan
–
Jean Donovan was an American lay missionary who was beaten, raped, and murdered along with three fellow missionaries—Ita Ford, Maura Clarke and Dorothy Kazel—by members of the military of El Salvador. Jean Donovan was born to Patricia and Raymond Donovan, who raised her in an upper middle-class home in Westport and she had an older brother, Michael. Donovan was engaged to a physician, Douglas Cable, and felt a strong call to motherhood as well as her call to do mission work, I sit there and talk to God. Why cant I just be your little suburban housewife, while volunteering in the Cleveland Diocese Youth Ministry with the poor, she decided to join the Diocesan Mission Project in El Salvador. She was accepted into and completed the training course at Maryknoll in New York State. Donovan traveled to El Salvador in July 1977, where she worked as a lay missioner in La Libertad, along with Dorothy Kazel, an Ursuline nun. The pair worked in the parish of the Church of the Immaculate Conception in La Libertad, providing help to refugees of the Salvadoran Civil War and the poor. They provided shelter, food, transportation to medical care, Donovan was a follower of Archbishop Óscar Romero, and often went to his cathedral, the Catedral Metropolitana de San Salvador, to hear him preach. After his assassination on March 24,1980, about eight months before their own murders, she, in the weeks before she died, Donovan wrote a friend, The Peace Corps left today and my heart sank low. The danger is extreme and they were right to leave, now I must assess my own position, because I am not up for suicide. Several times I have decided to leave El Salvador, I almost could, except for the children, the poor, bruised victims of this insanity. Whose heart could be so staunch as to favor the reasonable thing in a sea of their tears, not mine, dear friend, not mine. Hearts on Fire, The Story of the Maryknoll Sisters, Penny Lernoux, Salvador Witness, The Life and Calling of Jean Donovan, Ana Carrigan, Ballantine Books,1986. The Same Fate As the Poor, Judith M. Noone, ISBN 1-57075-031-9 Witness of Hope, The Persecution of Christians in Latin America, Martin Lange and Reinhold Iblacker, Orbis Books,1981. Law – Trial History supporting material for documentary first aired on PBS, plant a Tree in Jean Donovans Memory El Salvador memorial project in honor of the four churchwomen, accessed online December 9,2006. Report of the Commission on the Truth for El Salvador accessed online June 27,2012
14.
Academy Awards
–
The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette, officially called the Academy Award of Merit, which has become commonly known by its nickname Oscar. The awards, first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, are overseen by AMPAS, the awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first time in 1953. It is now live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online. The Academy Awards ceremony is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony and its equivalents – the Emmy Awards for television, the Tony Awards for theater, and the Grammy Awards for music and recording – are modeled after the Academy Awards. The 89th Academy Awards ceremony, honoring the best films of 2016, were held on February 26,2017, at the Dolby Theatre, in Los Angeles, the ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel and was broadcast on ABC. A total of 3,048 Oscars have been awarded from the inception of the award through the 88th, the first Academy Awards presentation was held on May 16,1929, at a private dinner function at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel with an audience of about 270 people. The post-awards party was held at the Mayfair Hotel, the cost of guest tickets for that nights ceremony was $5. Fifteen statuettes were awarded, honoring artists, directors and other participants in the industry of the time. The ceremony ran for 15 minutes, winners were announced to media three months earlier, however, that was changed for the second ceremony in 1930. Since then, for the rest of the first decade, the results were given to newspapers for publication at 11,00 pm on the night of the awards. The first Best Actor awarded was Emil Jannings, for his performances in The Last Command and he had to return to Europe before the ceremony, so the Academy agreed to give him the prize earlier, this made him the first Academy Award winner in history. With the fourth ceremony, however, the system changed, for the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned two calendar years. At the 29th ceremony, held on March 27,1957, until then, foreign-language films had been honored with the Special Achievement Award. The 74th Academy Awards, held in 2002, presented the first Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, since 1973, all Academy Awards ceremonies always end with the Academy Award for Best Picture. The Academy also awards Nicholl Fellowships in Screenwriting, see also § Awards of Merit categories The best known award is the Academy Award of Merit, more popularly known as the Oscar statuette. The five spokes represent the branches of the Academy, Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers. The model for the statuette is said to be Mexican actor Emilio El Indio Fernández, sculptor George Stanley sculpted Cedric Gibbons design. The statuettes presented at the ceremonies were gold-plated solid bronze
15.
Academy Award for Best Actor
–
The Academy Award for Best Actor is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actor who has delivered a performance in a leading role while working within the film industry. The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with Emil Jannings receiving the award for his roles in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh. Currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the branch of AMPAS. In the first three years of the awards, actors were nominated as the best in their categories, at that time, all of their work during the qualifying period was listed after the award. The following year, this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actor is nominated for a performance in a single film. Starting with the 9th ceremony held in 1937, the category was officially limited to five nominations per year, since its inception, the award has been given to 79 actors. Daniel Day-Lewis has received the most awards in this category with three Oscars, spencer Tracy and Laurence Olivier were nominated on nine occasions, more than any other actor. As of the 2017 ceremony, Casey Affleck is the most recent winner in category for his role as Lee Chandler in Manchester by the Sea. In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of release in Los Angeles County. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31, for the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1,1932 to December 31,1933
16.
Tony Plana
–
Tony Plana is a Cuban American actor and director. He is well known for playing Betty Suarezs father, Ignacio Suarez, on the ABC show Ugly Betty and his family moved to Miami in 1960. He is a graduate of Loyola Marymount University and was trained in acting at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London, UK. While he is known to an audience for his roles in feature films and television. He originated the role of Rudy in the L. A. production of the Luis Valdez play Zoot Suit, Plana has acted in films such as An Officer and a Gentleman, Three Amigos. He is known to PC gamers as the voice of Manny Calavera in the LucasArts 1998 adventure game Grim Fandango, in 2011, Plana guest starred in Desperate Housewives as Gabrielle Soliss abusive stepfather, Alejandro Perez. He also directed Witchs Lament, a Desperate Housewives episode in the eighth season. In 2011, he appeared in Body of Proof, in the episode Helping Hand, Plana teaches acting at California State University, Dominguez Hills and Rio Hondo College. In 2012, he served as a judge for the Noor Iranian Film Festival. Plana is currently volunteering as a spokesperson for Comprehensive Immigration Reform and he was the Keynote speaker for the 2012 LULAC conference in Coronado Springs Convention Center in Lake Buena Vista, Florida. Won Satellite Awards for Best Actor in a Supporting Role in a Series, Miniseries, or Motion Picture Made for Television for his role as Ignacio Suarez, Ugly Betty, on December 17,2006. Nominations Screen Actors Guild Awards, Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Ensemble - Comedy Series for, ALMA Awards, Outstanding Actor in a Television Series for, Resurrection Blvd. ALMA Awards, Outstanding Actor in a New Television Series for, bravo Awards, Outstanding Actor in a Feature Film for, Lone Star. com
17.
Roger Ebert
–
Roger Joseph Ebert was an American film critic and historian, journalist, screenwriter, and author. He was a critic for the Chicago Sun-Times from 1967 until his death in 2013. In 1975, Ebert became the first film critic to win the Pulitzer Prize for Criticism, the two verbally sparred and traded humorous barbs while discussing films. They created and trademarked the phrase Two Thumbs Up, used when both hosts gave the film a positive review. After Siskel died in 1999, Ebert continued hosting the show with various co-hosts and then, starting in 2000, Ebert lived with cancer of the thyroid and salivary glands from 2002. This required treatments necessitating the removal of his jaw, which cost him the ability to speak or eat normally. His ability to write remained unimpaired, however, and he continued to publish frequently both online and in print until his death on April 4,2013. Roger Joseph Ebert was born in Urbana, Illinois, the child of Annabel, a bookkeeper, and Walter Harry Ebert. He was raised Roman Catholic, attending St. Marys elementary school and his paternal grandparents were German immigrants and his maternal ancestry was Irish and Dutch. In his senior year, he was president and editor-in-chief of his high school newspaper. In 1958, he won the Illinois High School Association state speech championship in radio speaking, regarding his early influences in film criticism, Ebert wrote in the 1998 parody collection Mad About the Movies, I learned to be a movie critic by reading Mad magazine. Mads parodies made me aware of the machine inside the skin – of the way a movie might look original on the outside, I did not read the magazine, I plundered it for clues to the universe. Pauline Kael lost it at the movies, I lost it at Mad magazine, Ebert began taking classes at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign as an early-entrance student, completing his high-school courses while also taking his first university class. After graduating from Urbana High School in 1960, Ebert then attended and received his degree in 1964. As an undergraduate, he was a member of the Phi Delta Theta fraternity, One of the first movie reviews he ever wrote was a review of La Dolce Vita, published in The Daily Illini in October 1961. Ebert spent a semester as a student in the department of English there before attending the University of Cape Town on a Rotary fellowship for a year. He returned from Cape Town to his studies at Illinois for two more semesters and then, after being accepted as a PhD candidate at the University of Chicago. Instead Kogan referred Ebert to the city editor at the Chicago Sun-Times, Jim Hoge and he attended doctoral classes at the University of Chicago while working as a general reporter at the Sun-Times for a year
18.
Chicago Sun-Times
–
The Chicago Sun-Times is a daily newspaper published in Chicago, Illinois. It is the paper of the Sun-Times Media Group. The Chicago Sun-Times is the oldest continuously published daily newspaper in the city and it began in 1844 as the Chicago Daily Journal, which was the first newspaper to publish the rumor, now believed false, that a cow owned by Catherine OLeary was responsible for the Chicago fire. The Evening Journal, whose West Side building at 17-19 S. Canal was undamaged, in 1929, the newspaper was relaunched as the Chicago Daily Illustrated Times. The modern paper grew out of the 1948 merger of the Chicago Sun, founded December 4,1941 by Marshall Field III, and the Chicago Daily Times. The newspaper was owned by Field Enterprises, controlled by the Marshall Field family, when the Daily News ended its run in 1978, much of its staff, including Pulitzer Prize-winning columnist Mike Royko, were moved to the Sun-Times. During the Field period, the newspaper had a populist, progressive character that leaned Democratic but was independent of the citys Democratic establishment, although the graphic style was urban tabloid, the paper was well regarded for journalistic quality and did not rely on sensational front-page stories. It typically ran articles from the Washington Post/Los Angeles Times wire service, the advice column Ask Ann Landers debuted in 1943. Ann Landers was the pseudonym of staff writer Ruth Crowley, who answered readers letters until 1955, eppie Lederer, sister of Dear Abby columnist Abigail van Buren, assumed the role thereafter as Ann Landers. Kups Column, written by Irv Kupcinet, also made its first appearance in 1943, Jack Olsen joined the Sun-Times as editor-in-chief in 1954, before moving on to Time and Sports Illustrated magazines and authoring true-crime books. Hired as literary editor in 1955 was Hoke Norris, who covered the civil-rights movement for the Sun-Times. Jerome Holtzman became a member of the Chicago Sun sports department after first being a boy for the Daily News in the 1940s. He and Edgar Munzel, another longtime sportswriter for the paper, famed for his World War II exploits, two-time Pulitzer Prize-winning cartoonist Bill Mauldin made the Sun-Times his home base in 1962. The following year, Mauldin drew one of his most renowned illustrations, two years out of college, Roger Ebert became a staff writer in 1966, and a year later was named Sun-Times film critic. He continued in this role for the remainder of his life, after the friend wrote a story about it, Grizzard fired Banks. With that, the employees union intervened, a federal arbitrator ruled for Banks and 13 months later. The articles received considerable publicity and acclaim, but a nomination for the Pulitzer Prize met resistance from some who believed the Mirage series represented a form of entrapment. In March 1978, the afternoon publication the Chicago Daily News, sister paper of the Sun-Times
19.
The New York Times
–
The New York Times is an American daily newspaper, founded and continuously published in New York City since September 18,1851, by The New York Times Company. The New York Times has won 119 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other newspaper, the papers print version in 2013 had the second-largest circulation, behind The Wall Street Journal, and the largest circulation among the metropolitan newspapers in the US. The New York Times is ranked 18th in the world by circulation, following industry trends, its weekday circulation had fallen in 2009 to fewer than one million. Nicknamed The Gray Lady, The New York Times has long been regarded within the industry as a newspaper of record. The New York Times international version, formerly the International Herald Tribune, is now called the New York Times International Edition, the papers motto, All the News Thats Fit to Print, appears in the upper left-hand corner of the front page. On Sunday, The New York Times is supplemented by the Sunday Review, The New York Times Book Review, The New York Times Magazine and T, some other early investors of the company were Edwin B. Morgan and Edward B. We do not believe that everything in Society is either right or exactly wrong, —what is good we desire to preserve and improve, —what is evil, to exterminate. In 1852, the started a western division, The Times of California that arrived whenever a mail boat got to California. However, when local California newspapers came into prominence, the effort failed, the newspaper shortened its name to The New-York Times in 1857. It dropped the hyphen in the city name in the 1890s, One of the earliest public controversies it was involved with was the Mortara Affair, the subject of twenty editorials it published alone. At Newspaper Row, across from City Hall, Henry Raymond, owner and editor of The New York Times, averted the rioters with Gatling guns, in 1869, Raymond died, and George Jones took over as publisher. Tweed offered The New York Times five million dollars to not publish the story, in the 1880s, The New York Times transitioned gradually from editorially supporting Republican Party candidates to becoming more politically independent and analytical. In 1884, the paper supported Democrat Grover Cleveland in his first presidential campaign, while this move cost The New York Times readership among its more progressive and Republican readers, the paper eventually regained most of its lost ground within a few years. However, the newspaper was financially crippled by the Panic of 1893, the paper slowly acquired a reputation for even-handedness and accurate modern reporting, especially by the 1890s under the guidance of Ochs. Under Ochs guidance, continuing and expanding upon the Henry Raymond tradition, The New York Times achieved international scope, circulation, in 1910, the first air delivery of The New York Times to Philadelphia began. The New York Times first trans-Atlantic delivery by air to London occurred in 1919 by dirigible, airplane Edition was sent by plane to Chicago so it could be in the hands of Republican convention delegates by evening. In the 1940s, the extended its breadth and reach. The crossword began appearing regularly in 1942, and the section in 1946
20.
Costa-Gavras
–
Costa-Gavras is a Greek-French film director and producer, who lives and works in France. He is known for films with political themes, most famously the fast-paced thriller Z. Most of his movies have made in French, however, six were made in English, Missing, Hanna K. Betrayed, Music Box, Mad City. He produces most of his films himself, through his production company K. G. Productions, Costa-Gavras was born in Loutra Iraias, Arcadia. His family spent the Second World War in a village in the Peloponnese and his father had been a member of the Pro-Soviet branch of the Greek Resistance, and was imprisoned during the Greek Civil War. In 1956, he left his university studies to film at the French national film school. After film school, he apprenticed under Yves Allégret, and became an assistant director for Jean Giono, after several further positions as first assistant director, he directed his first feature film, Compartiment Tueurs, in 1965. His 1967 film Shock Troops was entered into the 5th Moscow International Film Festival, the film is a fictionalized account of the events surrounding the assassination of Greek politician Grigoris Lambrakis in 1963. It had additional resonance because, at the time of its release, Z won the Oscar for Best Foreign Language Film. Costa-Gavras and co-writer Jorge Semprún won an Edgar Award from the Mystery Writers of America for Best Film Screenplay, LAveu follows the path of Artur London, a Czechoslovakian communist minister falsely arrested and tried for treason and espionage in the Slánský show trial in 1952. State of Siege takes place in Uruguay under a government in the early 1970s. Hormans father, played by Jack Lemmon, and wife, played by Sissy Spacek, search in vain to determine his fate. Nathaniel Davis, US ambassador to Chile from 1971–1973, a version of character had been portrayed in the movie, filed a US$150 million libel suit. 1372, against the studio and the director, which was eventually dismissed, the film won an Oscar for Best Screenplay Adaptation and the Palme dOr at the Cannes Film Festival. Betrayed, roughly based upon the terrorist activities of American neo-Nazi and white supremacist Robert Mathews, in Music Box, a respected Hungarian immigrant is accused of having commanded an Anti-Semitic death squad during World War II. His daughter, a Chicago defense attorney played by Jessica Lange, the film is inspired by the arrest and trial of Ukrainian immigrant John Demjanjuk and screenwriter Joe Eszterhas realization that his father had been a member of the Hungarian Arrow Cross Party. The film won the Golden Bear at the 40th Berlin International Film Festival, La Petite Apocalypse was entered into the 43rd Berlin International Film Festival. Amen. was based in part on the highly controversial 1963 play, ein christliches Trauerspiel, by Rolf Hochhuth
21.
59th Academy Awards
–
During the ceremony, AMPAS presented Academy Awards in 23 categories honoring films released in 1986. The ceremony, televised in the United States by ABC, was produced by Samuel Goldwyn, Jr. actors Chevy Chase, Paul Hogan, and Goldie Hawn co-hosted the show. Hawn hosted the gala for the time, having previously been a co-host of the 48th ceremony held in 1976. Meanwhile, this was Chase and Hogans first Oscars hosting stint, eight days earlier, in a ceremony held at The Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills, California on March 22, the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Catherine Hicks. Platoon won four awards including Best Picture, platoon and A Room with a View led all nominees with eight each. The winners were announced during the ceremony on March 30,1987. Marlee Matlin was the first deaf performer to win an Oscar, artie Shaw, Time Is All Youve Got and Down and Out in Americas joint win in the Best Documentary Feature category marked the fourth occurrence of a tie in Oscar history. Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface and indicated with a double dagger, ralph Bellamy Steven Spielberg The following individuals presented awards or performed musical numbers. Determined to revive interest surrounding the awards and reverse declining ratings, actor Robin Williams was initially named a co-host, but he was forced to withdraw from emceeing duties due to his commitment toward his role in the upcoming film Good Morning, Vietnam. One of the biggest priorities for Goldwyn was to shorten the length of the show to at least three hours or less, in view of his goal, he told reporters regarding winners acceptance speeches, We are actually going to give them 45 seconds. The light will start blinking at 45 seconds and go red at 55 seconds, after one minute we will either cut to a commercial or go to something else. Weve also asked multiple winners to flip a coin and pick a spokesman, although Goldwyn attempted to move the Documentary and Short Film Categories to a separate ceremony from the broadcast, the AMPAS Board of Governors refused to do so. Several other people were involved with the production of the ceremony, oscar-winning costume designer Theoni V. Aldredge was hired as fashion consultant for the awards ceremony and supervised a fashion show segment showcasing the five nominees for Best Costume Design. Lionel Newman served as director and conductor for the ceremony. Actors Dom DeLuise, Pat Morita, and Telly Savalas performed the song Fugue for Tinhorns from the musical Guys and Dolls at the start of the ceremony. At the time of the announcement on February 11, the combined gross of the five Best Picture nominees at the US box office was $119 million with an average of $23.9 million. Platoon was the highest earner among the Best Picture nominees with $39.3 million in the box office receipts. The film was followed by Hannah and Her Sisters, Children of a Lesser God, A Room with a View, of the 50 grossing movies of the year,55 nominations went to 18 films on the list
22.
Box Office Mojo
–
Box Office Mojo is a website that tracks box office revenue in a systematic, algorithmic way, founded in 1999. In 2008, Box Office Mojo was bought by the Internet Movie Database, the website is widely used within the film industry as a source of data. From 2002–11, Box Office Mojo had forums popular with film fans, on October 10,2014, the websites URL was redirected to Amazons IMDB. com website for one day, but the website returned the following day without explanation. Brandon Gray began the site in 1999, in 2002, Gray partnered with Sean Saulsbury and grew the site to nearly two million readers. In July 2008, the company was purchased by Amazon. com through its subsidiary, Box Office Mojo had forums with more than 16,500 registered users. On November 2,2011 the forums were closed along with any user accounts. Tracking is still very closely to the day by day, actual tabulation of distributors. The site also creates an overall chart, combining all box office returns from around the world, excluding the United States. The overall weekend chart currently tracks the Top 40 films as well as approximately fifty additional films with no ranking, the site additionally has yearly and all time features for its various territories. Box Office Mojo was as of June 2009 reporting limited data from overseas and is work on improvements, most of the international charts have not been updated since November 2014. On October 10,2014, all traffic to Box Office Mojo was redirected to IMDbs box office page, queries about the closure to IMDb and Amazon representatives were met with no response. Neither Brandon Gray, who founded the website but left several years ago after its sale to Amazon, nor Ray Subers, on Ray Subers Twitter account, he revealed the websites return, but also stated he would not answer any questions pertaining to closure. Subers subsequently left the website seven months later
23.
IMDb
–
In 1998 it became a subsidiary of Amazon Inc, who were then able to use it as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes. As of January 2017, IMDb has approximately 4.1 million titles and 7.7 million personalities in its database, the site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries. Although all data is checked before going live, the system has open to abuse. The site also featured message boards which stimulate regular debates and dialogue among authenticated users, IMDb shutdown the message boards permanently on February 20,2017. Anyone with a connection can read the movie and talent pages of IMDb. A registration process is however, to contribute info to the site. A registered user chooses a name for themselves, and is given a profile page. These badges range from total contributions made, to independent categories such as photos, trivia, bios, if a registered user or visitor happens to be in the entertainment industry, and has an IMDb page, that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDbPRO. Actors, crew, and industry executives can post their own resume and this fee enrolls them in a membership called IMDbPro. PRO can be accessed by anyone willing to pay the fee, which is $19.99 USD per month, or if paid annually, $149.99, which comes to approximately $12.50 per month USD. Membership enables a user to access the rank order of each industry personality, as well as agent contact information for any actor, producer, director etc. that has an IMDb page. Enrolling in PRO for industry personnel, enables those members the ability to upload a head shot to open their page, as well as the ability to upload hundreds of photos to accompany their page. Anyone can register as a user, and contribute to the site as well as enjoy its content, however those users enrolled in PRO have greater access and privileges. IMDb originated with a Usenet posting by British film fan and computer programmer Col Needham entitled Those Eyes, others with similar interests soon responded with additions or different lists of their own. Needham subsequently started an Actors List, while Dave Knight began a Directors List, and Andy Krieg took over THE LIST from Hank Driskill, which would later be renamed the Actress List. Both lists had been restricted to people who were alive and working, the goal of the participants now was to make the lists as inclusive as possible. By late 1990, the lists included almost 10,000 movies and television series correlated with actors and actresses appearing therein. On October 17,1990, Needham developed and posted a collection of Unix shell scripts which could be used to search the four lists, at the time, it was known as the rec. arts. movies movie database
24.
AllMovie
–
AllMovie is an online guide service website with information about films, television programs, and screen actors. As of 2013, AllMovie. com and the AllMovie consumer brand are owned by All Media Network, AllMovie was founded by popular-culture archivist Michael Erlewine, who also founded AllMusic and AllGame. The AllMovie database was licensed to tens of thousands of distributors and retailers for point-of-sale systems, websites, the AllMovie database is comprehensive, including basic product information, cast and production credits, plot synopsis, professional reviews, biographies, relational links and more. AllMovie data was accessed on the web at the AllMovie. com website and it was also available via the AMG LASSO media recognition service, which can automatically recognize DVDs. In late 2007, Macrovision acquired AMG for a reported $72 million, the AMG consumer facing web properties AllMusic. com, AllMovie. com and AllGame. com were sold by Rovi in August 2013 to All Media Network, LLC. The buyers also include the founders of SideReel and Ackrell Capital investor Mike Ackrell. All Media Network offices are located in San Francisco, California, AllMusic AllGame SideReel All Media Network Official website
25.
Rotten Tomatoes
–
Rotten Tomatoes is an American review aggregator website for film and television. The company was launched in August 1998 by Senh Duong and since January 2010 has been owned by Flixster, in February 2016, Rotten Tomatoes and its parent site Flixster were sold to Comcasts Fandango. Warner Bros. retained a minority stake in the merged entities, since 2007, the websites editor-in-chief has been Matt Atchity. The name, Rotten Tomatoes, derives from the practice of audiences throwing rotten tomatoes when disapproving of a stage performance. From early 2008 to September 2010, Current Television aired the weekly The Rotten Tomatoes Show, featuring hosts, a shorter segment was incorporated into the weekly show, InfoMania, which ended in 2011. In September 2013, the website introduced TV Zone, a section for reviewing scripted TV shows, Rotten Tomatoes was launched on August 12,1998, as a spare-time project by Senh Duong. His goal in creating Rotten Tomatoes was to create a site where people can get access to reviews from a variety of critics in the U. S. As a fan of Jackie Chans, Duong was inspired to create the website after collecting all the reviews of Chans movies as they were being published in the United States, the first movie whose reviews were featured on Rotten Tomatoes was Your Friends & Neighbors. The website was an success, receiving mentions by Netscape, Yahoo. and USA Today within the first week of its launch. They officially launched it on April 1,2000, in June 2004, IGN Entertainment acquired rottentomatoes. com for an undisclosed sum. In September 2005, IGN was bought by News Corps Fox Interactive Media, in January 2010, IGN sold the website to Flixster. The combined reach of both companies is 30 million unique visitors a month across all different platforms, according to the companies, in May 2011, Flixster was acquired by Warner Bros. In early 2009, Current Television launched the version of the web review site. It was hosted by Brett Erlich and Ellen Fox and written by Mark Ganek, the show aired every Thursday at 10,30 EST on the Current TV network. The last episode aired on September 16,2010 and it returned as a much shorter segment of InfoMania, a satirical news show that ended in 2011. By late 2009, the website was designed to enable Rotten Tomatoes users to create, one group, The Golden Oyster Awards, accepted votes of members for different awards, as if in parallel to the better-known Oscars or Golden Globes. When Flixster bought the company, they disbanded the groups, announcing, in the meantime, please use the Forums to continue your conversations about your favorite movie topics. As of February 2011, new community features have been added, for example, users can no longer sort films by fresh ratings from rotten ratings, and vice versa
26.
Seizure (film)
–
Seizure is a 1974 Canadian-American black-comedy/horror-thriller film. It is the debut of Oliver Stone, who also co-wrote the screenplay. The film had a limited release theatrically in the United States by Cinerama Releasing Corporation. The film was released on VHS by various companies in the 1980s including Prism Entertainment. A transfer to Blu-ray was released on September 9,2014 by Scorpion Releasing, list of American films of 1974 Seizure at the Internet Movie Database Seizure at AllMovie
27.
Platoon (film)
–
Platoon is a 1986 American war film written and directed by Oliver Stone, starring Tom Berenger, Willem Dafoe, and Charlie Sheen. It is the first film of a trilogy of Vietnam War films directed by Stone, followed by Born on the Fourth of July and Heaven & Earth. Stone wrote the screenplay based upon his experiences as a U. S. infantryman in Vietnam, Platoon was the first Hollywood film to be written and directed by a veteran of the Vietnam War. Platoon won the Academy Award for Best Picture of 1986, it also won Best Director for Oliver Stone, as well as Best Sound Mixing, in 1998, the American Film Institute placed Platoon at #83 in their AFIs 100 Years. In 1967, U. S. Army volunteer Chris Taylor arrives in Vietnam and is assigned to a platoon near the Cambodian border. Taylor is immediately sent out with Barnes, Elias and veteran soldiers on a night ambush for a North Vietnamese Army force. The NVA soldiers manage to get close to the sleeping Americans before a brief firefight ensues, Taylors fellow new recruit Gardener is killed, after his return from hospital, Taylor bonds with Elias and his circle of marijuana-smokers while remaining aloof from Barnes and his more hard-edged followers. During a subsequent patrol, three men are killed by traps and unseen assailants. Already on edge, the platoon is further angered when they discover an enemy supply, Elias then arrives, getting into a physical altercation with Barnes over the killing before Wolfe breaks it up and orders the supplies destroyed and the village razed. Taylor later prevents a gang-rape of two girls by some of Barnes men, on their next patrol, the platoon is ambushed and pinned down in a firefight, in which numerous soldiers are wounded. More men are wounded when Lieutenant Wolfe accidentally directs an artillery strike onto his own unit before Barnes calls it off, Elias takes Taylor and two other men to intercept flanking enemy troops. Barnes orders the rest of the platoon to retreat and goes back into the jungle to find Elias group, Barnes finds Elias alone and shoots him, then returns and tells the others that Elias was killed by the enemy. While the platoon is extracting via helicopter, they glimpse Elias, mortally wounded, emerging from the treeline and being chased by a group of North Vietnamese soldiers, noting Barnes anxious manner, Taylor realizes that he was responsible. At the base, Taylor attempts to talk his group into fragging Barnes in retaliation when Barnes, having them, enters the room. Taylor assaults the intoxicated Barnes but is quickly overpowered, Barnes cuts Taylor near his eye with a push dagger before departing. The platoon is sent back to the front line to maintain defensive positions and that night, a major NVA assault occurs, and the defensive lines are broken. Much of the platoon, including Wolfe and most of Barnes followers, are killed in the ensuing battle, during the attack, an NVA sapper, armed with explosives, destroys the battalion headquarters in a suicide attack. Now in command of the defense, Captain Harris orders his air support to all their remaining ordnance inside his perimeter
28.
Wall Street (1987 film)
–
Wall Street is a 1987 American drama film, directed and co-written by Oliver Stone, which stars Michael Douglas, Charlie Sheen, and Daryl Hannah. The film tells the story of Bud Fox, a stockbroker who becomes involved with Gordon Gekko. Stone made the film as a tribute to his father, Lou Stone, the character of Gekko is said to be a composite of several people, including Dennis Levine, Ivan Boesky, Carl Icahn, Asher Edelman, Michael Ovitz, Michael Milken, and Stone himself. The character of Sir Lawrence Wildman, meanwhile, was modeled on the prominent British financier, Originally, the studio wanted Warren Beatty to play Gekko, but he was not interested, Stone, meanwhile, wanted Richard Gere, but Gere passed on the role. The film was received among major film critics. Douglas won the Academy Award for Best Actor, and the film has come to be seen as the portrayal of 1980s success. Stone and Douglas reunited for a sequel titled Wall Street, Money Never Sleeps, in 1985, Bud Fox is working as a junior stockbroker in New York City at Jackson Steinem & Co. He wants to work with his hero, Gordon Gekko, a legendary Wall Street player, after calling Gekkos office 59 days in a row trying to land an appointment, Bud visits Gekko on his birthday with a box of Gekkos favorite, contraband Cuban cigars. Impressed at his sheer boldness, Gekko grants Bud an interview, Bud pitches him stocks, but Gekko is unimpressed. Desperate, Bud provides him some information about Bluestar Airlines, which Bud learned in a casual conversation from his father, Carl. Intrigued, Gekko tells Bud he will think about it, but also that he at a hundred deals a day, a dejected Bud returns to his office. However, Gekko places an order for Bluestar stock and becomes one of Buds clients, Gekko gives Bud some capital to manage, but the other stocks Bud selects lose money. Gekko gives Bud another chance, and tells him to spy on British CEO Sir Lawrence Wildman, Bud learns that Wildman is making a bid for a steel company. Through Buds spying, Gekko makes big money, and Wildman is forced to buy Gekkos shares off him to complete his takeover, Bud becomes wealthy, enjoying Gekkos promised perks, including a penthouse on Manhattans Upper East Side and a trophy girlfriend, interior decorator Darien. Bud is promoted to a stockbroker as a result of the large commission fees he is bringing in from Gekkos trading. He continues to maximize inside information and use friends as straw buyers to more income for him. Unknown to Bud, several of his trades attract the attention of the Securities, Bud pitches a new idea to Gekko, buy Bluestar Airlines and expand the company, with Bud as president, using savings achieved by union concessions and the overfunded pension. Even though Bud is unable to persuade his father to him and Gekko
29.
Talk Radio (film)
–
Talk Radio is a 1988 American drama film, starring Eric Bogosian, Alec Baldwin, Ellen Greene, and Leslie Hope. Directed by Oliver Stone, the film was based on the play by Bogosian, portions of the film and play were based on the assassination of radio host Alan Berg in 1984 and the book Talked to Death, The Life and Murder of Alan Berg by Stephen Singular. The film was entered into the 39th Berlin International Film Festival, Barry Champlain, a Jewish radio personality in Dallas, Texas, is a host with a caustic sense of humor and a knack for cutting people down with his controversial politically liberal views. Champlains radio show is about to go nationwide, a former suit salesman, he achieves his rise to fame through guest shots on the Jeff Fisher radio show. Barry begins to steal the show with his sense of humor and sharp wit, Barry is subsequently given his own show which rises to the top of the Arbitron radio ratings. Barry has a number of hostile callers trying to intimidate him and sometimes receives threatening fan mail. His rise to fame is accompanied not only with attention from radical elements, but also with the alienation of his wife. As his show is going through an audition to go into national syndication, Barry asks his ex-wife, Ellen to come. They attempt a return to their relationship, Barry receives calls from people who appreciate him for what he does and how he does it as well as people who seem to hate him. He confesses his sins over the radio, and that he confesses that the American people scare him because of what has happened to his friends, family. His co-workers tell him its now the highest rated segment, Barrys boss congratulates him on a job well done and says that the show is definitely going to go national. While walking to his car, a fan asks for his autograph, as Barry signs it, the fan pulls out a gun and shoots him several times. As the film ends, callers to Barrys show speak on air about him, some say that America didnt mean to kill Barry, Eric Bogosian wrote the screenplay with help from director Oliver Stone. The script was almost entirely based on Bogosians original play with some information about Alan Berg. In his research for the version, Bogosian often watched the on-air production of Tom Leykis talk show. Bogosians fictional character shares many speech patterns and mannerisms with real-life talker Leykis, filming took place mostly in Dallas, Texas and Irving, Texas. Unlike the film, the play takes place entirely during the on-air broadcast. Woman at the Basketball Game/Denise Rockets Redglare, girl #2 / Lucy Angus G. Wynne III
30.
Born on the Fourth of July (film)
–
Born on the Fourth of July is a 1989 American war drama film adaptation of the best-selling autobiography of the same name by Vietnam War veteran Ron Kovic. Tom Cruise plays Ron Kovic, in a performance that earned him his first Academy Award nomination, Oliver Stone co-wrote the screenplay with Kovic, and also produced and directed the film. Stone wanted to film the movie in Vietnam, but because relations between the United States and Vietnam had not yet been normalized, it was filmed in the Philippines. The film is considered part of Stones trilogy of films about the Vietnam War—following Platoon and preceding Heaven & Earth. Born on the Fourth of July was nominated for eight Academy Awards and won two, for Best Director and Best Film Editing, it won four Golden Globe Awards. The film was a critical and commercial success, grossing $161,001,698 worldwide, in the summer of 1956 in Massapequa, Long Island, New York, 10-year-old Ron Kovic plays soldier in the woods and attends a Fourth of July parade. After watching President John F. Kennedys inaugural address, it inspires him to enlist in the Marines, later, Kovic attends an impassioned lecture about the Marine Corps. He decides to enlist and misses his prom because he is unable to secure a date with his love interest and he confronts her at the prom and has a dance with her on his last night before leaving. Now a Marine sergeant and on patrol during his second Vietnam tour in October 1967, Kovics unit kills a number of Vietnamese civilians in a village, during the retreat, Kovic accidentally kills one of the new arrivals to his platoon, a younger private first class named Wilson. During a firefight in January 1968, Kovic is critically wounded, Kovic desperately tries to walk again with the use of crutches and braces, despite repeated warnings from his doctors. In 1969, Kovic returns home, permanently in a wheelchair, though he tries to maintain his dignity as a United States Marine, Kovic gradually becomes disillusioned, despite being paralyzed, and resorts to alcohol. In Kovics absence, his younger brother Tommy has already become staunchly anti-war, during an Independence Day parade, Kovic shows signs of post-traumatic stress when firecrackers explode. When he is asked to give a speech, a baby in the crowd starts crying. Later, Kovic goes to visit Donna at her college in Syracuse, New York and he and Donna are separated when she and her fellow students are taken away by the police at her college for demonstrating against the Vietnam War. Ron goes to a bar, almost gets into a fight with a fellow Marine, after Ron has a heated argument with his mother, his father decides to send him to Mexico. He arrives in The Village of the Sun, which seems to be a haven for paralyzed Vietnam veterans and he has his first sexual experience with a prostitute, whom he believes he loves, until he sees her with another customer. He hooks up with another veteran, Charlie, and the two travel to what they believe will be a friendlier village. After annoying their taxicab driver, they end up stranded on the side of the road and they are picked up by a man with a truck and driven back to the Village of the Sun
31.
The Doors (film)
–
The Doors is a 1991 American biographical film about the 1960–70s rock band of the same name which emphasizes the life of its lead singer, Jim Morrison. It was directed by Oliver Stone, and stars Val Kilmer as Morrison, the film features Kyle MacLachlan as Ray Manzarek, Frank Whaley as Robby Krieger, Kevin Dillon as John Densmore, and Kathleen Quinlan as Patricia Kennealy. The film portrays Morrison as the icon of 1960s rock and roll, counterculture. The film was not well received by his mates, close friends. In 1965, Jim arrives in California and is assimilated into the Venice Beach culture, Jim convinces his bandmates to travel to Death Valley and experience the effects of psychedelic drugs. Returning to Los Angeles, they play several shows at the famous nightclub Whisky a Go Go, Jims onstage antics and occasionally improvised lyrics raise the ire of club owners, however, the bands popularity continues to expand. As the Doors become hugely successful, Jim becomes increasingly infatuated with his own image as The Lizard King and degenerates into alcoholism, Jim meets Patricia Kennealy, a rock journalist involved in witchcraft, and participates with her in mystical ceremonies. He joins her in a handfasting ceremony, an elder spirit watches these events. The rest of the band grows weary of Jims missed recording sessions, Jim arrives late to a Miami, Florida concert, becoming increasingly confrontational towards the audience and allegedly exposing himself onstage. The incident is a low point for the band, resulting in charges against Jim, cancellations of shows, breakdowns in Jims personal relationships. In 1970 after a trial, Jim is found guilty of indecent exposure and ordered to serve time in prison. Patricia tells Jim that she is pregnant with his child but Jim convinces her to have an abortion. Jim visits his fellow Doors members one final time, attending a party thrown by Ray where he wishes the band luck in their future endeavors, as Jim plays in the front garden with the children, he sees that one of the children is his childhood self. Jim comments This is the strangest life Ive ever known, in 1971, Pam finds Jim dead in a bathtub in Paris, France, at the age of 27. The final scenes of the film before the roll are of Jims gravesite in Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris while A Feast of Friends plays in the background. Just before the credits, the whites out and text appears saying Jim Morrison is said to have died of heart failure. Pam joined him three years later, during the credits, the band is shown recording the song L. A. Woman in the studio. In 1985, Columbia Pictures acquired the rights from the Doors, producer Sasha Harari wanted filmmaker Oliver Stone to write the screenplay but never heard back from his agent
32.
JFK (film)
–
JFK is a 1991 American conspiracy-thriller film directed by Oliver Stone. It examines the events leading to the assassination of John F. Kennedy, the film was adapted by Stone and Zachary Sklar from the books On the Trail of the Assassins by Jim Garrison and Crossfire, The Plot That Killed Kennedy by Jim Marrs. Stone described this account as a counter-myth to the Warren Commissions fictional myth, the film became embroiled in controversy. After a slow start at the box office, the film picked up momentum. JFK was nominated for eight Academy Awards and won two for Best Cinematography and Best Film Editing. It was the most successful of three films Stone made about American presidents, followed by Nixon with Anthony Hopkins in the title role and W. with Josh Brolin as George W. Bush. The film opens with footage, including the farewell address in 1961 of outgoing President Dwight D. Eisenhower. This is followed by a summary of John F. Kennedys years as president, emphasizing the events that, in Stones thesis and this builds to a reconstruction of the assassination on November 22,1963. New Orleans District Attorney Jim Garrison subsequently learns about potential links to the assassination in New Orleans, Kennedys suspected assassin Lee Harvey Oswald is killed by Jack Ruby, and Garrison closes the investigation. The investigation is reopened in 1966 after Garrison reads the Warren Report, Garrison and his staff interrogate several witnesses to the Kennedy assassination, and others involved with Oswald, Ruby, and Ferrie. One such witness is Willie OKeefe, a male prostitute serving five years in prison for soliciting, as well as briefly meeting Oswald, OKeefe was romantically involved with a man called Clay Bertrand. Garrisons staff also test the single bullet theory by aiming an empty rifle from the window through which Oswald was alleged to have shot Kennedy and they conclude that Oswald was too poor a marksman to make the shots, indicating someone else, or multiple marksmen, were involved. In 1968, Garrison meets a figure in Washington D. C. who identifies himself as X. X explains that the President was killed because he wanted to pull the United States out of the Vietnam War, X encourages Garrison to keep digging and prosecute New Orleans-based international businessman Clay Shaw for his alleged involvement. Upon interrogating Shaw, the businessman denies any knowledge of meeting Ferrie, OKeefe or Oswald, some of Garrisons staff begin to doubt his motives and disagree with his methods, and leave the investigation. Garrisons marriage is strained when his wife Liz complains that he is spending time on the case than with his own family. After a sinister phone call is made to their daughter, Liz accuses Garrison of being selfish, in addition, the media launches attacks on television and in newspapers attacking Garrisons character and criticizing the way his office is spending taxpayers money. Some key witnesses become scared and refuse to testify while others, before his death, Ferrie tells Garrison that he believes people are after him, and reveals there was a conspiracy around Kennedys death
33.
Heaven & Earth (1993 film)
–
Heaven & Earth is a 1993 American biographical war drama film written and directed by Oliver Stone, and starring Tommy Lee Jones, Haing S. Ngor, Joan Chen, and Hiep Thi Le. It is the third and final film in Stones Vietnam War trilogy, the film was based on the books When Heaven and Earth Changed Places and Child of War, Woman of Peace, which Le Ly Hayslip wrote about her experiences during and after the Vietnam War. Le Ly is a growing up in a Vietnamese village. Her life changes when the communist insurgents show up in the village to first fight the forces of France and then the United States. During the American involvement, Le Ly is captured and tortured by South Vietnamese government troops, after the rape, her relationship with her village is destroyed, and she and her family are forced to move. Her family moves to Saigon and she is employed by a family there, the master of the household misleads her into believing that he genuinely cares for her, and she falls for him and gets pregnant by him. The masters wife becomes enraged and Le Lys whole family is forced to back to their former province. There she meets Steve Butler, a Gunnery Sergeant in the United States Marine Corps, when she first meets him she is not interested in a boyfriend or marriage, having been through so much suffering. Steve falls for Le Ly and treats her well, making a big difference in her life while in Vietnam. The two leave Vietnam and move to the United States and their life together begins well, but years of killing and life in the bush have taken their toll on Steve who becomes uncontrollably violent. The relationship falters, despite Le Lys attempts to reconcile with Steve, after an impassioned plea by Le Ly for Steve to come back to her, he commits suicide. Many years following this experience, Le Ly returns to Vietnam with her sons. Tommy Lee Jones as Steve Butler Joan Chen as Mama Haing S. Ngor as Papa Hiep Thi Le as Le Ly Thuan K and its widespread release date was January 7,1994, at which date it was playing in 781 theaters. The film received mixed reviews, in contrast to Stones other films and especially films like Platoon, the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported that 47% of critics gave the film a positive review based on a sample of 17 reviews, with an average score of 5. 2/10. Desson Howe of The Washington Post called the script structurally clunky, james Berardinelli noted that the film lacks much of the narrative strength of Stones other Vietnam films, particularly once Joness character appears. Berardinelli also complained that flashbacks and voiceovers are overdone, although he did praise Stone for a number of camera shots. Hiep Thi Les performance received mixed reviews, roger Ebert called her performance extraordinary, and Desson Howe complimented her authentic presence. James Berardinelli, however, called her adequate, but not peerless, Heaven & Earth opened in 63 theaters and, for its opening weekend, earned $379,807
34.
Natural Born Killers
–
Natural Born Killers is a 1994 American satirical crime film directed by Oliver Stone and starring Woody Harrelson, Juliette Lewis, Robert Downey Jr. Tom Sizemore, and Tommy Lee Jones. The film was released in the United States on August 26,1994, the film tells the story of two victims of traumatic childhoods who became lovers and mass murderers, and are irresponsibly glorified by the mass media. Jane Hamsher, Don Murphy, and Clayton Townsend produced the film, with Arnon Milchan, Thom Mount, the film was released theatrically on August 26,1994 in the United States, February 24,1995 and premiered on Venice Film Festival on August 29,1994. Notorious for its violent content and inspiring copycat crimes, the film was named the eighth most controversial film in history by Entertainment Weekly in 2006, Mickey Knox and his wife Mallory stop at a roadside café in the New Mexico desert. A group of rednecks arrive and one begins sexually harassing Mallory and she briefly encourages him before beating him to a pulp. Mickey and Mallory then murder all but one of the patrons, culminating in a morbid game of Eeny, meeny, miny. After executing the waitress Mabel, the couple ensures that the only survivor remembers their names before they embrace, Mickey and Mallory camp out in the desert, and Mallory reminisces about when they first met. A flashback shows Mickey as a deliveryman who came to the house where Mallory lived with her abusive father, her neglectful mother. Mickey and Mallory fall in love instantly and leave together, as Mickey steals a car that belongs to Mallorys father, soon Mickey is arrested and imprisoned for auto theft, but he subsequently escapes from a prison work farm during a tornado and returns to Mallorys house. The two kill Mallorys parents, but spare Kevin, and go on the road together and get married on the side of a bridge, furious with Mickeys notion that they have a threesome, Mallory drives to a nearby gas station, where she flirts with the mechanic. They begin to have sex on the hood of a car, during this time, Mickey rapes the hostage. The pair continue their killing spree, ultimately claiming fifty-two victims in New Mexico, Arizona, pursuing them is Detective Jack Scagnetti, who became obsessed with mass murderers after witnessing his mother being shot and killed by Charles Whitman when he was eight. Beneath his heroic facade, he is a violent psychopath, once strangling a prostitute to death, the killers are also followed by self-serving tabloid journalist Wayne Gale. Gale profiles Mickey and Mallory on his show, American Maniacs, Mickey and Mallory become lost in the desert and encounter Warren Red Cloud, a Navajo Indian, and his young grandson. After the two fall asleep, the Navajo, hoping to expel the demon he perceives in Mickey, begins chanting beside the fire, Mickey wakes up in a rage and fatally shoots Red Cloud before he realizes what he is doing. It is the first time Mallory and Mickey feel guilty for a murder, fleeing from the scene through the desert, they stray onto a field of rattlesnakes and are both bitten. They drive to a drugstore to find snakebite antidote, but the pharmacist sets off the silent alarm before Mickey kills him, soon police cars arrive and Mallory is captured and subsequently beaten by the police. A gunfight breaks out between Mickey and the others, Scagnetti arrives and tells Mickey that unless he surrenders, he will cut off Mallorys breasts
35.
Nixon (film)
–
The film portrays Nixon as a complex and, in many respects, admirable, though deeply flawed, person. Nixon begins with a disclaimer that the film is an attempt to understand the truth based on public sources. The cast includes Joan Allen, Annabeth Gish, Marley Shelton, Powers Boothe, J. T. Walsh, the movie starts in ‘72 with the “plumbers” breaking into The Watergate and subsequently getting arrested. Nixons’ Chief Of Staff, General Alexander “Al” Haig brings Pres, Richard “Dick” M. Nixon Tapes to listen to. The two men talk about The Watergate Scandal, and about what a mess it has become, after talking about the death of J Edgar Hoover. Nixon goes on to curse out John Dean James McCord and others involved in Watergate, as Haig turns to leave, Nixon asks Haig why he hasnt been given a pistol to commit suicide like an honorable soldier. Nixon starts the taping system which trigger memories that start a series of time jumps, the first, takes us back to June 23,1972 about a week after the break in. To a meeting with Halderman Erlichman And Dean, ehrlichman and Dean leave, Nixon speaks the “Smoking Gun” tape to Halderman. The film covers most aspect of Nixons life and political career, the film implies that Nixon and his wife abused alcohol and prescription medication. The film ends with Nixons resignation and famous departure from the lawn of the White House on the helicopter, Anthony Hopkins as Richard Nixon The studio did not like Stones choice to play Nixon. They wanted Tom Hanks or Jack Nicholson — two of Stones original choices, the director briefly considered Gene Hackman, Robin Williams, Gary Oldman and Tommy Lee Jones. Stone met with Warren Beatty but the actor wanted to make too many changes to the script, Stone cast Hopkins based on his performances in The Remains of the Day and Shadowlands. Of Hopkins, Stone said, The isolation of Tony is what struck me, I felt that was the quality that always marked Nixon. When the actor met the director he got the impression that Stone was one of the bad boys of American pop culture. What convinced Hopkins to ultimately take on the role and impersonate the soul of Nixon were the scenes in the film when he talks about his mother and father. Joan Allen as Pat Nixon When Beatty was thinking about doing the film, he insisted on doing a reading of the script with an actress, afterwards, Beatty told Stone that he had found his Pat Nixon. The character may be a reference to Nixons meetings with Clint Murchison, Sr. although he also illuminates Nixons relationships with Howard Hughes, H. L. Hunt and other entrepreneurs. Originally, Oliver Stone had been developing two projects — the musical Evita and a movie about Panamanian dictator Manuel Noriega, when they both did not get made, Stone turned his attention to a biopic about Richard Nixon
36.
U Turn (1997 film)
–
U Turn is a 1997 modern western neo-noir crime thriller film directed by Oliver Stone, and based on the book Stray Dogs by John Ridley. It stars Sean Penn, Billy Bob Thornton, Jennifer Lopez, Jon Voight, Powers Boothe, Joaquin Phoenix, Claire Danes and Nick Nolte. A drifter named Bobby is on his way to pay off a debt of $13,000 to a gangster in Las Vegas when his car breaks down, forcing him to drive to the nearest town, Superior. He takes the money with him but leaves his gun in the trunk of his car, while waiting for his car to be fixed by the town mechanic, Darrell, he wanders around town where he meets Grace McKenna. Not realizing she is married, he hits on her and helps her carry some drapes to her car and she offers to take him back to her house where he can have a shower. While in the shower, it is revealed that the accident that happened to his hand was in fact a punishment for the overdue debt – two of his fingers were cut off, after his shower he attempts to seduce Grace, who is cold to his advances. He goes to leave, saying he is not interested in playing games, the two then kiss, and are caught by Graces husband Jake, who punches Bobby. As Bobby is walking back to town Jake pulls up beside him, after a casual conversation about Grace, Jake asks Bobby if he would kill her for a price. Bobby laughs this off and asks Jake if he is just trying to rattle him, later on when Bobby is in a convenience store, the store is held up. The robbers take his bag with all his money in it but the owner takes out a shotgun. Broke and stranded, Bobby frantically calls nearly everyone he knows trying to get money to fix his car and he even calls the gangster he owes money to asking him for money but the gangster angrily refuses. The gangster now knows where Bobby is and sends someone after him, when Bobby is sitting in a diner ordering a beer, he is approached by Jenny, which provokes the jealous rage of her boyfriend, Toby N. Tucker. The resulting fight is stopped in time by the town Sheriff, Bobby also goes back to the mechanic, where he finds that Darrell has done additional work and is asking a higher price. He also busted open the trunk of the car, meaning Bobby cannot access his gun, a confrontation breaks out which results in Darrell scratching up the hood of Bobbys car. Darrell says that he continue working on the car and charge more and more for the work until Bobby has the means to pay him. Desperate for money, Bobby approaches Jake about killing Grace, Jake tells him that he would need to take Grace out of town and push her off a cliff in order to make the murder look like a suicide. A dream sequence shows that Bobby could not go through with it, Grace reveals that she is not just Jakes wife, she is also his illegitimate child. Jake sexually abused her from an age and then married her after her mother died
37.
Any Given Sunday
–
Any Given Sunday is a 1999 American sports drama film directed by Oliver Stone depicting a fictional professional American football team. The film features an ensemble cast, including Al Pacino, Cameron Diaz, Dennis Quaid, Jamie Foxx, James Woods, LL Cool J, Ann-Margret, Lauren Holly, Matthew Modine, John C. McGinley, Charlton Heston, Bill Bellamy, Lela Rochon, Aaron Eckhart, Elizabeth Berkley, Marty Wright, the Miami Sharks, a once-great American football team, are struggling to make the 2001 Associated Football Franchises of America playoffs. They are coached by thirty-year veteran Tony DAmato, who has fallen out of favor with young team owner Christina Pagniacci and offensive coordinator and DAmatos expected successor Nick Crozier. In the thirteenth game of the season, both starting quarterback Jack Cap Rooney and second-string quarterback Tyler Cherubini are injured and forced to leave the field, the desperate Sharks call upon third-string quarterback Willie Beamen to replace them. Beamen played college ball at the University of Houston, while a nervous Beamen makes a number of errors and fails to win the game for the Sharks, he plays well and gains confidence. Rooney vows to make it back by the playoffs, with DAmato promising to not give up on him, the next day, DAmato and Pagniacci argue about the direction of the team. Pagniacci favors Crozier and wants to eventually cut Rooney, DAmato argues that Pagniaccis father, the previous owner, would never meddle in his team. During the next game, to DAmatos chagrin, Beamen disregards the teams conservative offense, as the media hails Beaman as the next model of quarterback, the new-found success feeds his growing narcissism and leads to tension with teammates and coaches. During a confrontation with Beaman, DAmato demotes him back to the bench, after Beamen gives an interview taking sole credit for the Sharks winning streak, the other players refuse to perform for Beamen and consequently lose a home game. After Beamen gets into a brawl with Julian J-Man Washington, an irate DAmato expresses his embarrassment at his team before leaving, Beamen contemplates and amends his self-centered behavior. As the playoffs come around, Sharks middle linebacker Luther Lavay reminds Beaman how lucky he is to be in the league and to find a life outside of football, DAmato worsens his relationship with Pagniacci and berates Rooney for second-guessing his availability. Before the game, DAmato gives a speech urging team unity that Beaman takes to heart, Rooney returns as starting quarterback, but is injured with a concussion after scoring a touchdown. Rooney and Pagniacci urge DAmato to let Beaman finish the game, Beaman apologizes to his teammates for his actions and leads the team to win. He dedicates the next game to Rooney, at DAmatos final press conference as head coach, he is thanked by Pagniacci. DAmato is expected to announce his retirement, but he drops a bombshell and announces that he has been hired as head coach. He further infuriates Pagniacci by adding that he has signed Beamen to be his starting quarterback, Al Pacino as Tony DAmato, Head Coach of the Miami Sharks. He devoted so much time to the team, he became estranged from his wife, DAmatos traditional methods have come under fire from management and the media for recent failures, including missing the playoffs
38.
Alexander (2004 film)
–
Alexander is a 2004 epic historical drama film based on the life of Alexander the Great. It was directed by Oliver Stone, with Colin Farrell in the title role, the film was an original screenplay based in part on the book Alexander the Great, written in the 1970s by the University of Oxford historian Robin Lane Fox. After release, while it performed well in Europe, the American critical reaction was negative and it grossed over $167 million worldwide against a $155 million budget. Four versions of the film exist, the theatrical cut and three home video directors cuts, the Directors Cut in 2005, the Final Cut in 2007. The two earlier DVD versions of Alexander sold over 3.5 million copies in the United States, Oliver Stones third version, Alexander Revisited, The Final Cut has sold to one million copies and became one of the highest-selling catalog items from Warner Bros. The film is based on the life of Alexander the Great, King of Macedonia, who conquered Asia Minor, Egypt, Persia, shown are some of the key moments of Alexanders youth, his invasion of the mighty Persian Empire and his death. It also details his plans to reform his empire and the attempts he made to reach the end of the known world. The story begins 40 years after 323 BC, around 283 BC, with Ptolemy I Soter and we see Alexanders daily life and the strained relationship between his parents. Alexander grows up with his mother Olympias and his tutor Aristotle and his relationship with his father is destroyed when Philip marries Attaluss niece, Eurydice. After Philip is assassinated, Alexander becomes King of Macedonia, also shown are Alexanders private relationships with his childhood friend Hephaistion and later his wife Roxana. Hephaistion compares Alexander to Achilles, to which Alexander replies that, if he is Achilles, when Hephaistion mentions that Patroclus died first, Alexander pledges that, if Hephaistion should die first, he will follow him into the afterlife. After initial objection from his soldiers, Alexander convinces them to him into his final and bloodiest battle. He is severely injured with an arrow but survives and is celebrated, later on, Hephaistion succumbs to an unknown illness either by chance or perhaps poison, speculated in the movie to be Typhus carried with him from India. Alexander, full of grief and anger, distances himself from his wife, despite her pregnancy and he dies less than three months after Hephaistion, in the same manner, keeping his promise that he would follow him. On his deathbed, Bagoas grieves as Alexanders generals begin to split up his kingdom, however, he has it recorded that Alexander died due to illness compounding his overall weakened condition. He then goes on to end his memoirs with praise to Alexander, the story then ends with the note that Ptolemys memoirs of Alexander were eventually burned, lost forever with the Library of Alexandria. Upon closing on 1 February 2005, the film grossed $34,297,191 domestically, based on a $155 million budget, the film was a box office bomb. A group of 25 Greek lawyers initially threatened to file a lawsuit against both Stone and the Warner Bros film studio for what they claimed was a portrayal of history
39.
World Trade Center (film)
–
World Trade Center is a 2006 disaster drama film directed by Oliver Stone and based on the September 11 attacks at the World Trade Center. It stars Nicolas Cage, Maria Bello, Michael Peña, Maggie Gyllenhaal, Stephen Dorff, the film was shot between October 19,2005, and February 10,2006, and released on August 9,2006. As all of the Police return to the station, they see on TV that the North Tower of the World Trade Center has been hit by the plane. Sergeant McLoughlin assigns many of the officers to assist in a precautionary evacuation attempt of the North Tower, on the bus, they hear reports that the South Tower is also hit by another plane. When they arrive at the World Trade Center, they realize the extent of the disaster, the men proceed to get safety equipment from Building 5 and enter the concourse between the towers. The group consists of McLoughlin, Jimeno, Dominick Pezzulo and Antonio Rodrigues, as the men prepare to enter the North Tower, the buildings begin to rumble. McLoughlin realizes that the South Tower is collapsing onto them and that their chance of survival is to run into the service elevator shaft. Amoroso trips and does not have time to get up, and Rodrigues is unable to get to the shaft in time, McLoughlin, Jimeno and Pezzulo manage to escape the huge amounts of dust and rubble flying down from the South Tower. However, as the rubble continues to crush the elevator shaft, Pezzulo tries but fails to shift the debris due to its weight, and is instructed by McLoughlin not to leave. As Pezzulo becomes optimistic that they live, the rumbling begins again as the North Tower starts to collapse. Although Jimeno and McLoughlin are not further harmed, Pezzulo is fatally injured when a concrete slab falls into the hole, after he fires a gun through a gap in the rubble to try to alert rescuers to their position, he dies. Jimeno and McLoughlin spend hours under the rubble, in pain, McLoughlin is particularly anxious to keep Jimeno from falling asleep and Jimeno also realizes that by straining to grab a metal bar above his body, he can make a noise that rescuers might hear. Two United States Marines, Dave Karnes and Jason Thomas, who are searching for survivors, do hear it and find the men, Jimeno is rescued first, and then hours later McLoughlin is lifted out of the debris, barely alive and in critical condition. They are then reunited with their distraught families at the hospital. Two years after the attacks, McLoughlin and Jimeno attend a barbecue with their families, McLoughlins wife Donna, Jimenos wife Allison, daughter Bianca, the epilogue states that John and Will were two of the 20 people pulled out alive and are now retired from active duty. Dave Karnes re-enlisted in the Marines, McLoughlin and Jimeno wanted to have a movie made to honor their rescuers and comrades who died on September 11, not for personal gain. McLoughlins wife Donna has said, We got involved because we felt it needed to be done accurately and we wanted to do the right thing and I think the filmmakers wanted to do the right thing too. Both John McLoughlin and Will Jimeno appear at the end of the film during the barbecue scene, the real ESU police from New York who are depicted in the film—Scott Strauss and Paddy McGee—were on set as technical advisers
40.
W. (film)
–
W. is a 2008 American biographical drama film based on the life and presidency of George W. Bush. Filming began on May 12,2008, in Louisiana, George W. Bush dreams of being a baseball player and is in the empty stadium. In 1966, Bush endures an initiation by his fellow Yale University students as a Delta Kappa Epsilon pledge. During the hazing, Bush successfully recalls the names and nicknames of many of the fraternity members, after Bush is jailed in New Jersey for rowdiness following a football game, his father, George H. W. Bush states that he will help Bush for the last time. Following his graduation from Yale, Bush takes a job at an oil patch back in Texas, in 1972, Junior reveals his real aspirations in a father-son talk, working in professional baseball. Bush is accepted into Harvard Business School with the help of his father, after heavy drinking, Bush crashes his car into his family estate and challenges his father to a fistfight. His brother, Jeb, stops the fight, in 1977, Bush announces he will run for Congress to represent Texass 19th district. At a barbecue, Bush meets his wife, Laura Lane Welch. Bush does poorly in the debate and loses the election, in 1986, Bush becomes a born-again Christian, gives up alcohol, and mends his relationship with his father. The elder Bush invites him to assist with what becomes his 1988 presidential campaign, Bushs political advisor, Karl Rove, tells him that he has the potential to make a name for himself. Bush becomes a front office executive of the Texas Rangers baseball team, although Allied forces win the war within 100 hours, the elder Bush decides not to invade Iraq to depose Saddam Hussein. After his father loses the 1992 presidential election to Bill Clinton, in 1994, Bush runs for Governor of Texas despite his fathers opposition. In 1999, he makes a bid to become President. Following the September 11 attacks in 2001, Bush labels Iran, Iraq, in 2002, Bush searches for evidence that Saddam was creating nuclear weapons, and has the army prepared. All of Bushs White House staff supports him except Secretary of State Colin Powell, in March 2003, the U. S. invades Iraq and the war appears to be a success, and Bush gives his Mission Accomplished speech on an aircraft carrier. When it becomes clear there are no weapons of mass destruction within Iraq. Bush discovers that Saddam gambled his regime and his life on the assumption that Bush was bluffing, Bush is asked in a White House press conference what mistakes he made as President, a question that leaves him flustered and speechless. That night, Bush has a nightmare in which his father accuses him of ruining his familys legacy, Bush dreams of himself playing center field at a baseball game
_POSTER.jpg)
