Ahetze
Ahetze was a village in the traditional Basque province of Labourd and is now a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France. The inhabitants of the commune are known as Aheztars; the commune is located some 13 km southwest of Bayonne and 30 km northeast of Donostia-San-Sebastion and only 4 km from the Atlantic beaches of Bidart and Guéthary. Ahetze village is at the intersection of departmental roads D655 from Arbonne to Bidart and D855 from Saint-Pee-sur-Nivelle to Saint-Jean-de-Luz; the commune can be accessed from Exit 3 from the A63 autoroute. The Biarritz–Anglet–Bayonne Airport is 15-minute drive from the village. Located in the watershed of the Adour, the commune is traversed by a tributary of the coastal river Uhabia: the Zirikolatzeko erreka and its tributaries, the streams: Amisolako and Besaingo, as well as the Pemartiko erreka, a tributary of the Besaingo. Paul Raymond stated in his Topographical dictionary of Bearn-Basque Country in 1863 that a tributary of the Alborga: the Haïstéchéhé flows through Ahetze after rising in Saint-Pee-sur-Nivelle.
The commune name in Basque is Ahetze. Jean-Baptiste Orpustan suggested that Ahetze comes from aiz meaning "stone" and by extension "high rock"; the following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune. Sources: Orpustan: Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy Raymond: Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. Lhande: Pierre Lhande, Basque-French Dictionary 1926Origins: Bayonne: Cartulary of Bayonne or Livre d'Or Chapter: Titles of the Chapter of BayonneAccording to Eugène Goyheneche: "two houses had medieval names of Akarreta and Haranbillaga". In the Middle Ages the Compostela pilgrims who chose the passage along the Atlantic coast passed near Ahetze and the hospital in Sare. Others preferred to fork through part of Ahetze to reach the chapel Saint-Jacques of Serres and visit Vera by passing by Olhette and the Ibardin Pass. List of Successive Mayors of Ahetze Ahetze is a member of 8 Intercommunal organisations: the Agglomeration of'Sud Pays Basque the union of Ouhabia the intercommunal association of secondary schools of Saint-Jean-de-Luz the intercommunal association Nive-Nivelle the mixed association of Bizi Garbia the association to support Basque culture the joint association for drinking water from the Ura the joint sanitation association of the UraThe commune is a member of the Basque Eurocity Bayonne - San Sebastian.
Population change Sources: Ldh/EHESS/Cassini until 1962, INSEE database from 1968 The commune is part of the urban area of Bayonne. The 2006 classification by INSEE indicated the median household incomes for each commune with more than 50 households classed Ahetze at the rank of 7,693 with an average income of €17,944; the flea market takes place every third Sunday of the month and attracts lovers of antiques from the Paris region, to the Spanish communes all around and contributes to the economic revitalization of the village which has agricultural activity. The commune part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée zone of Ossau-iraty; the Map of the Seven Basque Provinces established by Prince Louis-Lucien Bonaparte in 1863 indicated that the Basque dialect spoken in Ahetze was Labourdin. Established in 1971, the Committee of Festivals of Ahetze organises the following events: wheat threshing, dance evenings, a gala of Basque rural sports and employers' festivals that take place between 25 October and 11 November.
The Ostalapia farm, now a restaurant, is a former way station on the road to Saint Jacques de Compostela and long before was a haven for the Guethariars and Bidartars when they were attacked by pirates from the ocean or by robbers. There are some boulders once used for walls in the parking area; some old Baserri dating from the 17th and 18th centuries, some of which have been extended over time. New construction follows the Labourdin style; the Church of Saint Martin is registered as an historical monument. The church contains a number of items that are registered as historical objects: A Retable and 7 Paintings A Processional Cross; this cross, whose arms are garnished with bells, was used in witchcraft trials in the year 1609 to the outrage of Councilor Lancre who saw it as an evil object. The carvings on the Cross represent the faces of Christ, the Virgin, Saint John, a pelican, two women's heads. On the back of the cross there is the representation of a bishop, undoubtedly Saint Martin. A Statue: Virgin of the Assumption A Statue: Saint Jacques dressed as a pilgrim Eugène Goyheneche noted that the church quite exceptionally possessed a register of Catholics in Basque.
The Church Picture Gallery On the heights of Ahetze all the Basque mountains near the Atlantic are visible: the Rhune, the Mondarrain, the Artzamendi, the Ursuia in France as well as the Three Crowns in Spain. Ahetze has two Frontons, one is old and built into the wall of the town hall, a second was completed in 2008 as part of the new development of the town. A Trinquet called. A marked fitness trail runs through the south-east of the village. Ahetze has a nursery. Ahetze has several health services: a general practitioner, a dentist, a nurse, a physiotherapist, a speech therapist. Mattin Treku, born on 11 November 1916 in Ahetze and died on 22 July 1981 in th
Amendeuix-Oneix
Amendeuix-Oneix is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France. The inhabitants of the commune are known as Amendüztar. Amendeuix-Oneix is located some 50 km east by south-east of Bayonne and 40 km south-west of Orthez in the Mixe country in the former Basque province of Lower Navarre; the village can be accessed by the D124 road from Garris in the west passing northeast to the village continuing north to join the D29. The D11 road passes through the south of the commune from Garris to Saint-Palais; the small D511 road links the D11 to the D124 within the commune. Located in the Drainage divide of the Adour, the northern part of the eastern border of the commune is the Bidouze which flows north to join the Adour west of Peyrehorade; the southern part of the eastern border consists of the Joyeuse with many tributaries rising in the commune including the Algueruko erreka, the Sallarteko erreka, the Soubiaga erreka. The Aitzeguerris flows into the Bidouze.
The current Basque name is Amendüze-Unaso. Jean-Baptiste Orpustan suggested that Oneix means the'place of abundant hills'. Brigitte Jobbé-Duval however suggested that Oneix came from the Basque Unanu which means the Asphodelus and signifies a "place where the asphodelus is abundant, she suggested that the origin of Amendeuix was Aquitane-Roman to designate a noble domain. The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune. Sources: Orpustan: Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy Raymond: Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. Cassini: Cassini Map from 1750Origins: Notaries: Notaries of Labastide-Villefranche Pamplona: Titles of Pamplona Pau: Titles of the Chamber of the Counts of Pau Biscay: Martin Biscay In the 16th century, evidence of witchcraft was reported by an admonition to the States of Navarre by the Prosecutor of Mixe, who complained of a lack of prosecution and requesting that each town or district of Lower Navarre elect "two men of good character who are not suspects to find and punish the perpetrators of these crimes of witchcraft and magic: to be joined with the people of Roy and all at the expense of those convicted or, in case of insolvency, to those countries and places which will be instructed".
Part of this admonition followed a request from the inhabitants of Amendeuix dating from 1587 who claimed to have been victims of "spells that were manifested by evil barking". The village of Oneix joined with Amendeuix to form the commune of Amendeuix-Oneix on 27 August 1846. List of Successive Mayors The commune belongs to seven inter-communal structures: the community of communes of Amikuze the AEP Association for Mixe country the sanitation association for Saint-Palais - Luxe-Sumberraute the association for school buses of Amendeuix-Oneix and Gabat the energy association for Pyrénées-Atlantiques; the fiscal census of 1412-1413, made on the orders of Charles III of Navarre, compared with that of 1551 men and weapons that are in this kingdom of Navarre this side of the ports, reveals a demography with strong growth. The first census indicated the presence of 13 fires in Amendeuix with the second showing 40; the same census reported 8 fires in Oneix in 1412-1413 against 17 in 1551. The census of the population of Lower Navarre in 1695 counted 63 fires at 20 at Oneix.
In 2009 the commune had 407 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known through the population censuses conducted in the commune since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of communes with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger towns that have a sample survey every year. Population change Sources: Ldh/EHESS/Cassini until 1962, INSEE database from 1968 From 1793 to 1841 the population includes Oneix although it was still a separate commune at that time; the commune is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée zone of Ossau-iraty. According to the Map of the Seven Basque Provinces published in 1863 by Prince Louis-Lucien Bonaparte the dialect of Basque spoken in Amendeuix-Oneix is eastern low Navarrese. Two churches in the commune are registered as historical monuments: The Church of Saint Peter at Oneix; the Church of Saint John the Baptist at Amendeuix. The commune has a kindergarten. Amendeuix, Gabat and Labets-Biscay have partnered to create an inter-educational grouping.
Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Bernardo Estornés Lasa - Auñamendi Encyclopedia Amendeuix-Oneix on Lion1906 Amenduix and Oneix on the 1750 Cassini Map Amendeuix-Oneix on the INSEE website INSEE
Luy de Béarn
The Luy de Béarn is a left tributary of the Luy, in the Southwest of France. The source of the Luy de Béarn is at the base of the plateau of Ger, east of Pau, it flows north-west through the Chalosse region and joins the Luy de France to form the Luy below the castle of Gaujacq. The Luy de Béarn flows through the following departments and towns: Pyrénées-Atlantiques: Montardon, Sault-de-Navailles Landes: Amou Aïgue Longue, from the moor of Pont-Long in the north of Pau. Uzan, in Uzan from Pont-Long. Aubin. Oursoû, from the nord of Orthez. Http://www.geoportail.fr The Luy de Béarn at the Sandre database
Abère
Abère is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France. Abère is located some 9 km northeast of Morlaas; the D7 road heading east from Saint-Jammes passes through the southern portion of the commune and continues to Baleix. Access to the village is by the Chemin de Lapoutge going north from the D7 for about 6 km; the Highway D207 coming south from Simacourbe forms the eastern boundary of the commune. The commune is farmland with forests in the north and east Located in the watershed of the Adour, the Grand Léez river forms the western border of the commune, with the Arriutort joining it at the northern tip of the commune and forming the northeastern border of the commune; the name Abère was mentioned in the tenth century and appeared in the forms: Oere and Bere and Avere, Oeyre was mentioned in 1487 Registry of Béarnais businesses. Abere appears in the 1790 map, Bulletin of Laws. Michel Grosclaude proposed a Latin etymology of abellana or abella, derived from the Béarnais abera, which means "hazelnut" and by extension "the hazel copse" The commune's name in Béarnais is Avera.
Paul Raymond noted that in 1385, there were 8 fires in Abère and that it depended on the bailiwick of Pau. A barony was created in a vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn; the commune was part of the Archdiocese of Vic-Bihl, which in turn depended on the Diocese of Lescar of which Lembeye was the capital. Its Lay Abbey, the house of Bosom d'Abadie is mentioned in 1385. List of Successive Mayors of Abère Abère is a member of three inter-communal organisations: the community of communes of the Pays de Morlaàs the AEP Union for the Luy and Gabas Regions the energy Union of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques Population change Sources: Ldh/EHESS/Cassini until 1962, INSEE database from 1968 Several structures are listed as historical monuments in the commune; these are: Tile factory at la Teulère Former Lay Abbey: the Bosom d'Abadie Town Hall Chateau of Bordenave d'Abère Menyucq House farm Houses and Farms The Church of St. John the Baptist The church contains several historical objects; these are: Processional Cross Altar Cross Painting: Christ on the Cross with Saint John, the Virgin, Saint John the Baptist Baptismal Fonts 4 Altar Candlesticks 2 statues: Angels holding a column and a scale Tabernacle Altar Altar, 4 Candlesticks at the secondary altar Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department Abère on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute website Abere on the 1750 Cassini Map Abère on the INSEE website INSEE
France
France the French Republic, is a country whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The metropolitan area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean, it is bordered by Belgium and Germany to the northeast and Italy to the east, Andorra and Spain to the south. The overseas territories include French Guiana in South America and several islands in the Atlantic and Indian oceans; the country's 18 integral regions span a combined area of 643,801 square kilometres and a total population of 67.3 million. France, a sovereign state, is a unitary semi-presidential republic with its capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Other major urban areas include Lyon, Toulouse, Bordeaux and Nice. During the Iron Age, what is now metropolitan France was inhabited by a Celtic people. Rome annexed the area in 51 BC, holding it until the arrival of Germanic Franks in 476, who formed the Kingdom of Francia.
The Treaty of Verdun of 843 partitioned Francia into Middle Francia and West Francia. West Francia which became the Kingdom of France in 987 emerged as a major European power in the Late Middle Ages following its victory in the Hundred Years' War. During the Renaissance, French culture flourished and a global colonial empire was established, which by the 20th century would become the second largest in the world; the 16th century was dominated by religious civil wars between Protestants. France became Europe's dominant cultural and military power in the 17th century under Louis XIV. In the late 18th century, the French Revolution overthrew the absolute monarchy, established one of modern history's earliest republics, saw the drafting of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, which expresses the nation's ideals to this day. In the 19th century, Napoleon established the First French Empire, his subsequent Napoleonic Wars shaped the course of continental Europe. Following the collapse of the Empire, France endured a tumultuous succession of governments culminating with the establishment of the French Third Republic in 1870.
France was a major participant in World War I, from which it emerged victorious, was one of the Allies in World War II, but came under occupation by the Axis powers in 1940. Following liberation in 1944, a Fourth Republic was established and dissolved in the course of the Algerian War; the Fifth Republic, led by Charles de Gaulle, remains today. Algeria and nearly all the other colonies became independent in the 1960s and retained close economic and military connections with France. France has long been a global centre of art and philosophy, it hosts the world's fourth-largest number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites and is the leading tourist destination, receiving around 83 million foreign visitors annually. France is a developed country with the world's sixth-largest economy by nominal GDP, tenth-largest by purchasing power parity. In terms of aggregate household wealth, it ranks fourth in the world. France performs well in international rankings of education, health care, life expectancy, human development.
France is considered a great power in global affairs, being one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto and an official nuclear-weapon state. It is a leading member state of the European Union and the Eurozone, a member of the Group of 7, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the World Trade Organization, La Francophonie. Applied to the whole Frankish Empire, the name "France" comes from the Latin "Francia", or "country of the Franks". Modern France is still named today "Francia" in Italian and Spanish, "Frankreich" in German and "Frankrijk" in Dutch, all of which have more or less the same historical meaning. There are various theories as to the origin of the name Frank. Following the precedents of Edward Gibbon and Jacob Grimm, the name of the Franks has been linked with the word frank in English, it has been suggested that the meaning of "free" was adopted because, after the conquest of Gaul, only Franks were free of taxation.
Another theory is that it is derived from the Proto-Germanic word frankon, which translates as javelin or lance as the throwing axe of the Franks was known as a francisca. However, it has been determined that these weapons were named because of their use by the Franks, not the other way around; the oldest traces of human life in what is now France date from 1.8 million years ago. Over the ensuing millennia, Humans were confronted by a harsh and variable climate, marked by several glacial eras. Early hominids led a nomadic hunter-gatherer life. France has a large number of decorated caves from the upper Palaeolithic era, including one of the most famous and best preserved, Lascaux. At the end of the last glacial period, the climate became milder. After strong demographic and agricultural development between the 4th and 3rd millennia, metallurgy appeared at the end of the 3rd millennium working gold and bronze, iron. France has numerous megalithic sites from the Neolithic period, including the exceptiona
Aast, Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Aast is a French commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France. The inhabitants are known as Aastais; the local pronunciation is aas with a nasalised'a' and a silent't'. The village is composed of a dozen scattered houses. Aast is 20 km north of Lourdes. Access to the commune is by road D70 D311 north-east from Gardères, road D64 north-west from Ger, road D311 when coming south from Ponson-Dessus. Other country roads can be used to access the commune. Located in the Drainage basin of the Adour, Aast is traversed by the Carbouère stream, a tributary of the Louet river. Aast is the first French commune in alphabetical order. Aas, another commune in the Lower Pyrenees, came first until 1861, when it merged with the commune of Assouste to form the new commune of Eaux-Bonnes; the commune's Béarnais name is Aast. According to Dauzat and Rostaing Aast comes from the Basque ast; this seems unlikely given the physical setting. Michel Grosclaude suggests that the name of the town derives from an anthroponym composed of Aner + Aster.
Brigitte Jobbé-Duval recalls that in 1429, Aast appeared as Hast, which means lance, therefore advanced the theory that Aast could refer to a battle that occurred there. The following table details the origins of the commune name. Sources: Raymond: Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. Cassini: Cassini Map from 1750Origins: Census: Census of Montaner Reformation: Reformation of Béarn There was a Lay Abbey in Aast, abolished in 1791; the Lordship of Aast was owned by the Day family from 1674 until the French Revolution. In 1678, Jérome de Day, adviser to the king, bought the abbey and tithes with rights of patronage: he was to provide a priest and entitled to receive a portion of the tithe, to sit in the choir, to be first to receive the blessed bread, to be buried in the church. List of Successive Mayors of Aast Mayors from 1942 Population change Sources: Ldh/EHESS/Cassini until 1962, INSEE database from 1968 The 2006 classification by INSEE, indicating the median household incomes for each commune with more than 50 households ranked Aast at 5274, with an average annual income of €18,858.
The town has a number of old farmhouses: The Fray Farmhouse A Farmhouse at Bayet Houses and Farms The Church of Saint Martin dedicated to Saint Martin of Tours was built under Napoleon III during the administration of Mayor Bartholomew Lassus. Renovated by the artist Villarubias, there are many objects in the church registered as historical objects: A Processional Lantern A Thurible A Pail for holy water A Painting: Christ on the cross with the Virgin, Saint Madeleine and Saint Martin 2 Paintings: Saint Martin Bishop, the Charity of St. Martin Statue: Saint Joseph Altar Pulpit A Pulpit 2 Altars and Tabernacles The Main Altar 5 stained glass windows by Henri Gesta The Furniture in the Church Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department Aast on Lion1906 Aast on the 1750 Cassini Map Aast on the INSEE website INSEE
Abos, Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Abos is a French commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France. The inhabitants of the commune are known as Abosiens or Abosiennes. Abos is located 15 km north-west of Pau and 20 km southeast of Lescar, on the left bank of the Gave de Pau, the north east boundary of the commune. Highway D2 passes through the commune; the southeastern boundary of the commune is formed by Highway D229. The commune is located in the Drainage basin of the Adour, with the Gave de Pau in the northeast and a number of streams in the commune feed into the La Baise river and Juscle. Bagneres Cap de Castel Chateau of Abos Idernes Le Moulin d'en Bas Le Moulin d'en Haut Peyré Saint-Laurent The name Abos is mentioned in 1116 and 1234 and in the 13th century, it appears in the forms: Abossium Abos Abous Abos (1630 Pierre de Marca and in 1750 on the Cassini Map. Michel Grosclaude proposed a Latin etymology of Avus with the aquitaine suffix -ossum; the commune name in Béarnais is Abòs.
Aubrun was a farm in Abos, mentioned in 1538 as La boyrie aperade d'Aubrun, Reformation of Béarn B. 637 in the 1863 dictionary. Cap de Castel is a hamlet in Abos mentioned by the dictionary in 1863. Paul Raymond said in 1863 that the Chateau of Abos or Castet-d'Abos, was a vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn. Donadon was a fief under the Viscounts of Béarn, mentioned in 1538; the fief of Idernes was a vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn and appeared in the forms: Ydernas and Ydernes. Maucor was a fief of Abos, cited with the spelling of L'ostau de Maucoo in 1385 in the Census of Béarn; this fief was a vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn restored to the Bailiwick of Lagor and Pardies as was Saint Jean, another fief of Abos mentioned in 1385 in the form of L'ostau de Sent-Johan d'Abos. Saint-Laurent, a hamlet and fief of Abos under the Viscounts of Béarn, was restored to the Bailiwick of Lagor and Pardies, it was mentioned in the forms Sent-Laurentz d'Abos and Saint-Laurens d'Abos. Paul Raymond noted that the commune had a Lay Abbey a vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn and in 1385, Abos depended on the bailiwick of Lagos and Pardies with 49 fires.
The Lord of Abos was of the first rank after the Barons of Béarn. List of Successive Mayors of Abos The town is a member of nine inter-communal organisations: the community of communes of Lacq SIVU for the development and management of the river basin of the baïse AEP union for the Gave and the baïse. Population change Sources: Ldh/EHESS/Cassini until 1962, INSEE database from 1968 The commune is part of the Jurançon AOC and Béarn AOC vineyard regions. Activity in the commune is agricultural; the commune is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée zone designation of Ossau-iraty. The 2006 classification of INSEE, indicated the median household incomes for each municipality with more than 50 households ranked Abos at 7513, for an income of €18,000 per person; the Church of Saint John the Baptist dates to the 19th century. The town has a primary school. Didier Courrèges is a French horseman, a former high level event rider and a member of the Cadre Noir - elite instructors at the National Riding School of Saumur.
He now lives in Abos. Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department Abos on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute website Abos on the 1750 Cassini Map Abos on the INSEE website INSEE
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