1.
Ken Tucker
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Kenneth Ken Tucker is an American arts, music and television critic, magazine editor, and non-fiction book writer. Tucker was born in Manhattan, New York City, New York and he earned a bachelors degree in English from New York University. While attending NYU, he began writing reviews for The Village Voice, SoHo Weekly News. From 1979 to 1983, Tucker was the critic for the Los Angeles Herald-Examiner. From 1983 to 1990, he worked at The Philadelphia Inquirer, first as the rock critic. In 1990, he joined Entertainment Weekly as a founding staffer and he was the magazines television critic, DVD critic and an editor-at-large until 2013, except for one year as film critic at New York Magazine. Since 1982, Tucker has been a rock and pop music critic for the National Public Radio talk show Fresh Air with Terry Gross. Tucker has appeared many times on television, including appearances on The Today Show, Good Morning America, The Charlie Rose Show. He appears in the 1984 documentary The Gospel According to Al Green and he is interviewed on-camera in Cartoon College, a documentary about the history of comics. Tucker’s reviews have provoked some notable responses from his subjects, in August 1980, Billy Joel, enraged by a negative review of his music Tucker had written in the L. A. Herald Examiner, tore up the review on stage during one of his concerts. For his critical writings, Tucker was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in Criticism in 1984 and he won a National Magazine Award in 1995 and has twice won a Deems Taylor Award by the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers. Tucker has written frequently about poetry and comic books, most notably for The New York Times Book Review and he has contributed essays to the following anthologies, Miller, Jim, ed. The Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock & Roll, 1st Ed, New York, Rolling Stone Press,1976. ISBN0394403274 Country, The Music and the Musicians, New York, ISBN0896598683 Cooking and Stealing, The TIN HOUSE Non-Fiction Reader, New York, Bloomsbury USA,2004. ISBN1582344868 Scarface Nation – The Ultimate Gangster Movie and How It Changed America, New York City, New York, ISBN 978-0-312-33059-0 Tucker, Ken, Stokes, Geoffrey, Ward, Ed. Rock of Ages, The Rolling Stone History of Rock & Roll, New York, ISBN0671544381 Kissing Bill OReilly, Roasting Miss Piggy –100 Things To Love and Hate About TV, New York City, New York, St. Martins Press,2005. Ken Tucker – Editor-at-Large, Entertainment Weekly and EW. com, Ken Tucker at the Internet Movie Database Works by or about Ken Tucker in libraries
2.
St. Martin's Press
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St. Martins Press is a book publisher headquartered in the Flatiron Building in New York City, New York. St. Martins Presss current editor in chief is George Witte, Macmillan Publishers of the United Kingdom founded St. Martins in 1952 and named it after St Martins Lane in London, where associated press Macmillan Publishers was headquartered. Martins as well as some U. S. publishing houses, including Farrar, Straus and Giroux, Holt Publishers, and Tor-Forge Books. Authors published by St. Martin include Sherrilyn Kenyon, M. K. Asante, Charlotte Bingham, John Bingham, Dan Brown, Barbara Taylor Bradford, Ken Bruen, Augusten Burroughs and it also publishes the New York Times crossword puzzle books. In 1984, St. Martins became the first major publisher to release its hardcover books by its in-house mass-market paperback company
3.
Scarface (1983 film)
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Scarface is a 1983 American crime film directed by Brian De Palma and written by Oliver Stone, a remake of the 1932 film of the same name. The film tells the story of Cuban refugee Tony Montana who arrives in 1980s Miami with nothing, the cast also features Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio, Steven Bauer, and Michelle Pfeiffer. Scarface was released on December 9,1983 and was a box office success, initial critical reception was mixed, with criticism over excessive violence and profanity and graphic drug usage. Some Cuban expatriates in Miami objected to the portrayal of Cubans as criminals. In the years followed, the film has received reappraisal from critics, considered by some to be one of the best mob films ever made. Screenwriters and directors such as Martin Scorsese have praised the film, which has been referenced extensively in rap music, comic books, and video games. In 1980, Cuban refugee Antonio Tony Montana arrives in Miami, Florida, the four are released from the camp in exchange for assassinating a former Cuban government official at the request of wealthy drug dealer Frank Lopez, and they are given green cards. They become dishwashers in a diner, Franks henchman Omar Suarez gives the group the opportunity to purchase cocaine from Colombian dealers, but the deal collapses. Angel is dismembered with a chainsaw, while Manny and Chi-Chi rescue Tony, suspecting that Omar betrayed them, Tony and Manny insist on personally delivering the recovered drugs and money to Frank. During their meeting, Tony is attracted to Franks girlfriend Elvira Hancock and he and Manny are hired to work for Frank. Months later, Tony visits his mother Georgina and younger sister Gina, disgusted by his life of crime, Georgina throws Tony out. Manny comments on Ginas beauty before being warned by Tony to stay away from her, Frank sends Tony and Omar to Bolivia to meet with cocaine kingpin Alejandro Sosa. Tony negotiates a deal without Franks approval, angering Omar, who leaves to contact Frank, Sosa claims that Omar is a police informant and then has Tony witness as a beaten Omar is hanged from a helicopter. Tony vouches for Franks organization, so Sosa agrees to the deal, back in Miami, Frank is infuriated by Omars demise and the unauthorized deal struck by Tony, prompting Tony to establish his own organization. At a nightclub, corrupt detective Mel Bernstein attempts to extort money from Tony in return for protection and information. Tony angers Frank further by openly pursuing Elvira in the club, Gina is also there, and Tony notices her dancing and being groped by a man. Hit men attempt to assassinate Tony, but he escapes from the club, Tony, Manny, and Chi-Chi go to Franks office, certain that his former boss sent both Bernstein and the assassins. At gunpoint, Frank confesses to his involvement and begs for his life, Tony marries Elvira and becomes the dealer of Sosas supplies
4.
The Philadelphia Inquirer
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The Philadelphia Inquirer is a morning daily newspaper that serves the Philadelphia metropolitan area of the United States. The newspaper was founded by John R. Walker and John Norvell in June 1829 as The Pennsylvania Inquirer and is the third-oldest surviving daily newspaper in the United States. Owned by Philadelphia Media Network, The Inquirer has the eighteenth largest average weekday U. S. newspaper circulation and has won nineteen Pulitzer Prizes and it is the newspaper of record in the Delaware Valley. The paper has risen and fallen in prominence throughout its history, the Inquirer first became a major newspaper during the American Civil War when its war coverage was popular on both sides. The papers circulation dropped after the war, then rose by the end of the 19th century, by the end of the 1960s, The Inquirer trailed its chief competitor, the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, and lacked modern facilities and experienced staff. In the 1970s, new owners and editors turned the newspaper one of the countrys most prominent. Stan Wischnowski is Vice President of News Operations, the Philadelphia Inquirer was founded as The Pennsylvania Inquirer by printer John R. Walker and John Norvell, former editor of Philadelphias largest newspaper, the Aurora & Gazette. Founded on June 1,1829, The Philadelphia Inquirer is the third-oldest surviving daily newspaper in the United States, however, in 1962, an Inquirer-commissioned historian traced The Inquirer to John Dunlaps The Pennsylvania Packet, which was founded on October 28,1771. In 1850, The Packet was merged with another newspaper, The North American, after Harding acquired The Pennsylvania Inquirer, it was briefly published as an afternoon paper before returning to its original morning format in January 1830. Under Harding, in 1829, The Inquirer moved from its location between Front and Second Streets to between Second and Third Streets. When Harding bought and merged the Morning Journal in January 1830, Ten years later The Inquirer again was moved, this time to its own building at the corner of Third Street and Carters Alley. Harding expanded The Inquirers content and the paper grew into a major Philadelphian newspaper. The expanded content included the addition of fiction, and in 1840, at the time the common practice was to pay little or nothing for the rights of foreign authors works. Harding retired in 1859 and was succeeded by his son William White Harding, William Harding changed the name of the newspaper to its current name, The Philadelphia Inquirer. Harding, in an attempt to increase circulation, cut the price of the paper, in 1859, circulation had been around 7,000, by 1863 it had increased to 70,000. Part of the increase was due to the interest in news during the American Civil War, the Philadelphia Inquirer supported the Union, but Harding wanted their coverage to remain neutral. Confederate generals often sought copies of the paper, believing that the war coverage was accurate. Inquirer journalist Uriah Hunt Painter was at the First Battle of Bull Run in 1861, initial reports from the government claimed a Union victory, but The Inquirer went with Painters firsthand account
5.
Al Pacino
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Alfredo James Al Pacino is an American actor of stage and screen, filmmaker, and screenwriter. DeMille Award, and the National Medal of Arts and he is also one of few performers to have won a competitive Oscar, an Emmy and a Tony Award for acting, dubbed the Triple Crown of Acting. He achieved international acclaim and recognition for his role as Michael Corleone in Francis Ford Coppolas The Godfather. He received his first Oscar nomination and would reprise the role in the successful sequels The Godfather Part II. Pacinos performance as Corleone is now regarded as one of the greatest screen performances in film history, for his performances in The Godfather, Dick Tracy and Glengarry Glen Ross, Pacino was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. A lifelong fan of Shakespeare, Pacino directed and starred in Looking for Richard, a film about the play Richard III. He has also acted as Shylock in a 2004 feature film adaptation, since 1994, Pacino has been the joint president of the Actors Studio with Ellen Burstyn and Harvey Keitel. Pacino was born in New York City, to Sicilian-American parents Salvatore Pacino and Rose and his mother moved to The Bronx to live with her parents, Kate and James Gerardi, who, coincidentally, had come from a town in Sicily named Corleone. His father, who was from San Fratello in the Province of Messina, moved to Covina, California, in his teen years Sonny, as he was known to his friends, aimed to become a baseball player, and was also nicknamed The Actor. Pacino went through Herman Ridder Junior High School, but in secondary school dropped out of many classes and he attended the High School of Performing Arts, but dropped out of school at age 17. His mother disagreed with his decision, they argued and he left home and he worked at low-paying jobs, messenger, busboy, janitor, and postal clerk, to finance his acting studies. He once worked in the room for Commentary magazine. He began smoking and drinking at age nine, and took up casual cannabis use at age 13 and his two closest friends died from drug abuse at the ages of 19 and 30. Growing up in The Bronx, he got into fights and was considered something of a troublemaker at school. He acted in basement plays in New Yorks theatrical underground but was rejected for the Actors Studio while a teenager, Pacino then joined the Herbert Berghof Studio, where he met acting teacher Charlie Laughton, who became his mentor and best friend. In this period, he was unemployed and homeless, and sometimes slept on the street, in theaters. In 1962, his mother died at the age of 43, the following year, Pacinos grandfather James Gerardi, one of the most influential people in his life, also died. After four years at HB Studio, Pacino successfully auditioned for the Actors Studio, the Actors Studio is a membership organization of professional actors, theatre directors and playwrights in the Hells Kitchen neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City
6.
Michelle Pfeiffer
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Michelle Marie Pfeiffer is an American actress, singer and producer. She began her career in 1978 and had her first starring film role in Grease 2. Her greatest commercial successes include Batman Returns, Dangerous Minds, What Lies Beneath and she received a third Oscar nomination for Love Field. Her other notable roles include The Witches of Eastwick, Married to the Mob, Frankie and Johnny, The Age of Innocence, Wolf. Pfeiffer was born in Santa Ana, California, the second of four children of Richard Pfeiffer, a contractor, and Donna. She has one brother, Rick, and two younger sisters, Dedee Pfeiffer, a television and film actress, and Lori Pfeiffer. Her parents were originally from North Dakota. The family moved to Midway City, where Pfeiffer spent her childhood and she attended Fountain Valley High School, graduating in 1976. She worked as a girl at Vons supermarket, and attended Golden West College where she was a member of Alpha Delta Pi sorority. After a short stint training to be a stenographer, she decided upon an acting career. She won the Miss Orange County beauty pageant in 1978, and participated in Miss California the same year, following her participation in these pageants, she acquired an acting agent and began to audition for television and films. Pfeiffers early acting appearances included roles in Fantasy Island, Delta House. In the meantime, I was playing bimbos and cashing in on my looks and she then landed her first major film role as Stephanie Zinone in Grease 2, the sequel to the smash-hit musical Grease. The film was a critical and commercial failure, and Pfeiffers single release of Cool Rider from the soundtrack on PolyGram failed to dent the music charts. Despite escaping the critical mauling, Pfeiffers agent later admitted that her association with the film meant that she couldnt get any jobs. Director Brian De Palma, having seen Grease 2, refused to audition Pfeiffer for Scarface, but relented at the insistence of Martin Bregman and she was cast as cocaine-addicted trophy wife Elvira Hancock. The film was considered violent by most critics, but became a commercial hit. Pfeiffer received positive reviews for her turn, Richard Corliss of Time Magazine wrote, most of the large cast is fine
7.
Scarface (1932 film)
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Scarface is a 1932 American pre-Code gangster film starring Paul Muni as Antonio Tony Camonte. It was produced by Howard Hughes and Howard Hawks, directed by Hawks, the story is based on Armitage Trails 1929 novel of the same name, which is loosely based on the rise and fall of Al Capone. The film features Ann Dvorak as Camontes sister, and also stars Karen Morley, Osgood Perkins, the plot centers on gang warfare and police intervention when rival gangs fight over control of Chicago. A version of the Saint Valentines Day Massacre is also depicted, the film was the basis for the Brian De Palma 1983 film of the same name starring Al Pacino. In 1920s Chicago, Italian immigrant Antonio Tony Camonte acts on the orders of Italian mafioso John Johnny Lovo and kills Big Louis Costillo, the leading crime boss of the citys South Side. Johnny then takes control of the South Side with Tony as his key lieutenant, selling large amounts of beer to speakeasies. However, Johnny repeatedly warns Tony not to mess with the Irish gangs led by OHara, Tony soon starts ignoring these orders, shooting up bars belonging to OHara, and attracting the attention of the police and rival gangsters. Johnny realizes that Tony is out of control and has ambitions to take his position, meanwhile, Tony pursues Johnnys girlfriend Poppy with increasing confidence. At first, she is dismissive of him but pays him attention as his reputation rises. At one point, she visits his apartment where he shows her his view of an electric billboard advertising Cooks Tours. Tony eventually decides to war and take over the North Side. He sends the coin flipping Guino Rinaldo, one of his best men and also his close friend and this brings heavy retaliation from the North Side gangs, now led by Gaffney and armed with Thompson submachine guns—a weapon that instantly captures Tonys dark imagination. Tony leads his own forces to destroy the North Side gangs and take over their market, Tony also kills Gaffney as he makes a strike at a bowling alley. Johnny believes that his protégé is trying to take over, Tony manages to escape this attack, and he and Guino kill Johnny, leaving Tony as the undisputed boss of the city. Tonys actions have provoked an outcry, and the police are slowly closing in. Then he sees his beloved sister Francesca with Guino, and kills his friend in a jealous rage—before the couple can inform him of their secret marriage and his sister runs out distraught and tells the police what he has done. The police move to arrest Tony for Guinos murder, and Tony holes up in his house, Cesca comes back, planning to kill him, but ends up helping him to fight the police. Moments later, however, she is killed by a stray bullet, as the apartment fills with tear gas, Tony leaves down the stairs, and the police confront him
8.
Martin Scorsese
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Martin Charles Scorsese is an American director, producer, screenwriter, and film historian, whose career spans more than 50 years. Scorseses body of work addresses such themes as Sicilian-American identity, Roman Catholic concepts of guilt and redemption, faith, machismo, modern crime, many of his films are also known for their depiction of violence and liberal use of profanity. Part of the New Hollywood wave of filmmaking, he is regarded as one of the most significant. In 1990, he founded The Film Foundation, an organization dedicated to film preservation. Their third film together, The Departed, won Scorsese the Academy Award for Best Director in addition to the winning the award for Best Picture. Their collaborations have resulted in numerous Academy Award nominations for both as well as winning several other prestigious awards. His work in television includes the episode of the HBO series Boardwalk Empire and Vinyl. He won the Academy Award for Best Director for the crime drama The Departed, with eight Best Director nominations, he is the most nominated living director and is tied with Billy Wilder for the second most nominations overall. Scorsese was born in Queens, New York and his family moved to Little Italy, Manhattan before he started school. His father, Charles Scorsese, and mother, Catherine Scorsese and his father was a clothes presser and an actor, and his mother was a seamstress and an actress. His fathers parents emigrated from Polizzi Generosa, in the province of Palermo, Sicily, Scorsese was raised in a devoutly Catholic environment. As a teenager in the Bronx, Scorsese frequently rented Powell, Scorsese was one of only two people who regularly rented that reel. The other was future Night Of The Living Dead director George A. Romero, Scorsese has cited Sabu and Victor Mature as his favorite actors during his youth. He has also spoken of the influence of the 1947 Powell and Pressburger film Black Narcissus, whose innovative techniques later impacted his filmmaking. Enamored of historical epics in his adolescence, at least two films of the genre, Land of the Pharaohs and El Cid, appear to have had a deep, Scorsese also developed an admiration for neorealist cinema at this time. He acknowledges owing a debt to the French New Wave and has stated that the French New Wave has influenced all filmmakers who have worked since. He has also cited filmmakers including Satyajit Ray, Ingmar Bergman, Michelangelo Antonioni and he went on to earn his M. F. A. from NYUs School of the Arts in 1966, a year after the school was founded. Scorsese attended New York Universitys Tisch School of the Arts making the short films Whats a Nice Girl Like You Doing in a Place Like This. and Its Not Just You, Murray
9.
Steven Bauer
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Steven Bauer is a Cuban-American actor. Born Esteban Ernesto Echevarría Samson in Havana, Cuba, the son of Lillian Samson Agostini, a schoolteacher, and Esteban Echevarría, Bauers maternal grandfather was a Jewish refugee from Germany, and Bauers maternal grandmother was a Cuban of partial Italian ancestry. His stage surname comes from his maternal great-grandmother, Bauers parents fled from Cuba to Miami, Florida, on July 4,1960, following Fidel Castros Revolution. He graduated from Miami Coral Park High School in 1974, Bauers first substantial role was in the PBS bilingual sitcom ¿Qué Pasa, USA. Playing the teenage son of a Cuban exile family in Miami and he also appeared in the 1980 TV miniseries From Here to Eternity. He was credited in these and a few other projects as Rocky Echevarría. In 1981, Bauer starred in the television movie Shes in the Army Now and they both moved to New York City and stayed at Ray Liottas apartment, while Liotta moved to Los Angeles and stayed at theirs. Both Bauer and Griffith studied under famed acting teacher Stella Adler, during this time he briefly adopted the stage name Rocky Echevarria, before settling on Steven Bauer. Bauer was given the role of Manny Ribera, the part played by George Raft in the original 1932 version, in the 1983 movie Scarface, even though he was a relatively unknown actor at the time. The producers of Scarface were convinced that he was right for the role based on his strong audition and his performance drew a Golden Globe nomination for Best Supporting Actor. In 1986 he had two important roles. Frank Sigliano in the Billy Crystal and Gregory Hines cop comedy Running Scared, the Sword of Gideon script was the basis for Steven Spielbergs later film Munich, which follows the same storyline and borrows heavily from the Sword of Gideon story and script. In 1990 Bauer played the role of Drug Enforcement Administration agent Enrique Kiki Camarena in the television miniseries Drug Wars, The Camarena Story alongside Benicio Del Toro and Craig T. Nelson. That same year, Bauer took over the lead of the television show Wiseguy from Ken Wahl for the fourth and final season. Since then, Bauer has made his career primarily, though not exclusively, in action films and he also made an appearance in the video game spin-off Scarface, The World Is Yours, playing drug dealer The Sandman. In 2007 he appeared on an episode of Burn Notice, in 2011, Bauer appeared on the show Breaking Bad playing Mexican drug lord Don Eladio. He stars with Julianne Michelle in the feature film Awakened, a supernatural thriller touching on Life After Death and he currently appears as ex-Mossad agent turned private investigator Avi in the Showtime series Ray Donovan. Bauer married Melanie Griffith on September 8,1981, the couple had a son, Alexander Bauer, on August 22,1985, before divorcing in 1989
10.
Sidney Lumet
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Sidney Arthur Lumet was an American director, producer and screenwriter with over 50 films to his credit. He was nominated for the Academy Award as Best Director for 12 Angry Men, Dog Day Afternoon, Network, and The Verdict. The Encyclopedia of Hollywood states that Lumet was one of the most prolific filmmakers of the modern era and he was noted by Turner Classic Movies for his strong direction of actors, vigorous storytelling and the social realism in his best work. Film critic Roger Ebert described him as having one of the finest craftsmen. Lumet was also known as an director, having worked with the best of them during his career. Sean Connery, who acted in five of his films, considered him one of his directors. A member of the cohort of New Yorks Actors Studio, Lumet began his directorial career in Off-Broadway productions. His first movie was typical of his best work, a well-acted, tightly written, as a result of directing 12 Angry Men, he was also responsible for leading the first wave of directors who made a successful transition from TV to movies. In 2005, Lumet received an Academy Award for Lifetime Achievement for his brilliant services to screenwriters, performers, two years later, he concluded his career with the acclaimed drama Before the Devil Knows Youre Dead. A few months after Lumets death in April 2011, a celebration of his work was held at New Yorks Lincoln Center with the appearance of numerous speakers. In 2015, Nancy Buirski directed By Sidney Lumet, a documentary about his career, Lumet was born in Philadelphia to parents of Jewish descent. He studied theater acting at the Professional Childrens School of New York, Lumets parents, Baruch and Eugenia Lumet, were both veterans of the Yiddish theatre. His father, who was an actor, director, producer and writer, was a Polish Jewish emigrant to the United States who was born in Warsaw, Lumets mother, who was a dancer, died when he was a child. He made his debut on radio at age four and stage debut at the Yiddish Art Theatre at age five. As a child he appeared in many Broadway plays, including 1935s Dead End. In 1935, aged 11, he appeared in a Henry Lynn short film, Papirossen, the film was shown in a theatrical play with the same title, based on a hit song, Papirosn. The play and short film appeared in the Bronx McKinley Square Theatre, in 1939, he made his only feature-length film appearance, at age 15, in. One Third of a Nation. In 1939, World War II interrupted his acting career
11.
Tony Montana
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Antonio Tony Montana is a fictional character and the main protagonist of the 1983 film Scarface. He is portrayed by Al Pacino in the movie, and is voiced by André Sogliuzzo in the 2006 video game Scarface, The World Is Yours. Embodying the rise from the bottom to the top, Tony Montana has become an icon and is one of the most famous movie characters of all time. In 2008, Montana was named the 27th Greatest Movie Character by Empire Magazine and he is partly based on Tony Camonte, the protagonist of the original novel and the 1932 film adaptation. By association the character is inspired by Al Capone. According to Oliver Stone, Tonys last name was inspired by former NFL quarterback, Joe Montana, a prequel novel, Scarface, The Beginning, written by L. A. Banks, was released in 2006. In May 1980, Tony is one of the 125,000 Cubans who after seeking refuge in the Peruvian Embassy, wound up on the Mariel Boatlift to Miami. When he gets there, he is questioned by U. S. officials, he says that he was a political prisoner, however, because of a trident-style tattoo on his right hand, which indicates that he was an assassin in prison, his request is denied. Tony and his friend Manolo Manny Ribera are sent to Freedomtown, after one month in the camp, Frank Lopez, head of a Miami drug cartel, offers to obtain them green cards in return for murdering Emilio Rebenga. Soon after Rebenga arrives at the camp, Manny and Tony and friend take advantage of the August 11 riot, Tony and Manny are granted green cards and released, and the two get jobs as dishwashers for a small food stand in Little Havana. In August 1980, Frank sends his man, Omar Suarez, to offer them a deal smuggling marijuana, offering $500. Tony demands more pay, and he and Omar quarrel, a few days later, Tony, Manny, and their associates Angel and Chi Chi drive to a hotel in Miami Beach to make the deal with a group of Colombians. Tony refuses to talk, and Hector, the enforcers leader, before Hector can do the same to Tony, Manny bursts in the room, shooting an SMG. A short gunfight ensues in which Manny is shot in the arm, Tony, Manny, and Chi Chi escape with the cocaine and the money. Tony, who no longer trusts Omar, takes it to Frank personally, meanwhile, Tony takes an interest in Franks girlfriend, Elvira Hancock. Three months later, Tony pays a visit to his mother Georgina and younger sister Gina, Gina is excited to see Tony, but his mother is ashamed of him, having long ago learned of his life of crime. When he gives his mother $1,000, his mother angrily rejects the gift, Tony leaves, but Gina runs after him and hugs him, telling Tony she has been going to hairdressing school and helping out Mama. Later, while in Bolivia, Tony and Omar go on Franks behalf to see drug cartel lord Alejandro Sosa, Sosa has Omar killed for being a police informant, and makes Tony his business partner
12.
Salon (website)
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Salon is an American news and opinion website created by David Talbot in 1995 and owned by Salon Media Group. It focuses on U. S. politics, culture, Salons headquarters is located at 870 Market Street San Francisco, California. As of June 2013, its editor-in-chief is David Daley, after previous editor-in-chief Kerry Lauerman stepped down to partner with Larer Ventures on a new startup, lauermans predecessor Joan Walsh stepped down from that position in November 2010 but remained as editor at large. Salon covers a variety of topics, according to the senior contributing writer for the American Journalism Review, Paul Farhi, Salon offers provocative political commentary and lots of sex. In 2008, Salon launched the interactive initiative Open Salon, a social content site/blog network for its readers, originally a curated site with some of its content being featured on Salon, it fell into editorial neglect and was closed in March 2015. Responding to the question, How far do you go with the sensibility to get readers. Former Salon. com editor-in-chief David Talbot said, Is Salon more tabloid-like, yeah, weve made no secret of that. Ive said all along that our formula here is that were a smart tabloid, David Talbot founded Salon and became its original editor-in-chief. He has served stints as CEO, most recently replacing Richard Gingras who left to join Google as head of news products in July 2011. As of May,2016, the companys CEO is Jordan Hoffner, the magazine was founded by the Examiners former arts and features editor David Talbot and launched in November 1995. In its early days readers noticed a specifically Northern California flavor, in an interview in 1996, Talbott agreed, We swim in the soup of San Francisco. There are a lot of odd fish weve plucked out of the Bay here, time magazine named it one of the Best Web Site of 1996. Salon purchased the virtual community The WELL in April 1999, Salon Premium, a pay-to-view content subscription was introduced on April 25,2001. The service signed over 130,000 subscribers and staved off discontinuation of services, on October 9,2003, Michael ODonnell, the chief executive and president of Salon Media Group, said he was leaving the company after seven years because it was time for a change. When he left, Salon. com had accrued $83.6 million in losses since its inception, David Talbot, Salons chairman and editor-in-chief at the time, became the new chief executive. Elizabeth Betsy Hambrecht, then Salons chief financial officer, became the president, in July 2008, Salon launched Open Salon, a social content site and curated blog network. It was nominated for a 2009 National Magazine Award. in the category best interactive feature, on March 9,2015, Salon announced it would be closing Open Salon after six years of hosting a community of writers and bloggers. On June 10,2011, Salon closed its online chat board Table Talk without stating a reason for ending that section of the site
13.
Time (magazine)
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Time is an American weekly news magazine published in New York City. It was founded in 1923 and for decades was dominated by Henry Luce, a European edition is published in London and also covers the Middle East, Africa and, since 2003, Latin America. An Asian edition is based in Hong Kong, the South Pacific edition, which covers Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, is based in Sydney, Australia. In December 2008, Time discontinued publishing a Canadian advertiser edition, Time has the worlds largest circulation for a weekly news magazine, and has a readership of 26 million,20 million of which are based in the United States. As of 2012, it had a circulation of 3.3 million making it the eleventh most circulated magazine in the United States reception room circuit, as of 2015, its circulation was 3,036,602. Richard Stengel was the editor from May 2006 to October 2013. Nancy Gibbs has been the editor since October 2013. Time magazine was created in 1923 by Briton Hadden and Henry Luce, the two had previously worked together as chairman and managing editor respectively of the Yale Daily News. They first called the proposed magazine Facts and they wanted to emphasize brevity, so that a busy man could read it in an hour. They changed the name to Time and used the slogan Take Time–Its Brief and it set out to tell the news through people, and for many decades the magazines cover depicted a single person. More recently, Time has incorporated People of the Year issues which grew in popularity over the years, notable mentions of them were Barack Obama, Steve Jobs, Matej Turk, etc. The first issue of Time was published on March 3,1923, featuring Joseph G. Cannon, the retired Speaker of the House of Representatives, on its cover, a facsimile reprint of Issue No. 1, including all of the articles and advertisements contained in the original, was included with copies of the February 28,1938 issue as a commemoration of the magazines 15th anniversary. The cover price was 15¢ On Haddens death in 1929, Luce became the dominant man at Time, the Intimate History of a Publishing Enterprise 1923–1941. In 1929, Roy Larsen was also named a Time Inc. director, J. P. Morgan retained a certain control through two directorates and a share of stocks, both over Time and Fortune. Other shareholders were Brown Brothers W. A. Harriman & Co. the Intimate History of a Changing Enterprise 1957–1983. According to the September 10,1979 issue of The New York Times, after Time magazine began publishing its weekly issues in March 1923, Roy Larsen was able to increase its circulation by utilizing U. S. radio and movie theaters around the world. It often promoted both Time magazine and U. S. political and corporate interests, Larsen next arranged for a 30-minute radio program, The March of Time, to be broadcast over CBS, beginning on March 6,1931
14.
PopMatters
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PopMatters is an international online magazine of cultural criticism that covers many aspects of popular culture. PopMatters was founded by Sarah Zupko, who had established the cultural studies academic resource site PopCultures. PopMatters launched in the fall of 1999 as a site providing original essays, reviews. Over time, the site went from a publication schedule to a five-day-a-week magazine format, expanding into regular reviews, features. In the fall of 2005, monthly readership exceeded one million, from 2006 onward, PopMatters produced several syndicated newspaper columns for McClatchy-Tribune News Service. As of 2009, there are four different pop culture related columns each week, the PopMatters Book Imprint published Joss Whedon, The Complete Companion, edited by Mary Money, with Titan Books in May 2012. PopMatters publishes content from contributors located around the globe, based in six continents and its staff includes writers from various backgrounds, ranging from academics and professional journalists to career professionals and first time writers. Many of its writers are published authorities in various fields of study, notable former contributors include David Weigel, political reporter for Slate, Steven Hyden, staff writer for Grantland and author of Whatever Happened To Alternative Nation. And Rob Horning, executive editor of The New Inquiry, karen Zarker is the senior editor
15.
The Baltimore Sun
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The Baltimore Sun is the largest general-circulation daily newspaper based in the American state of Maryland and provides coverage of local and regional news, events, issues, people, and industries. Founded in 1837, it is owned by tronc, abell was born in Rhode Island, where he began journalism with the Providence Patriot. He later worked with newspapers in New York City and Boston, from 1947 to 1986, The Sun was the owner of Marylands first television station, WMAR-TV. In the postwar years, The Sun significantly expanded its overseas presence, the newspaper opened its first foreign bureau in London in 1924. Between 1955 and 1961, it added four new foreign offices, as Cold War tensions grew, it set up shop in Bonn, West Germany, in February 1955. Eleven months later, The Sun opened a Moscow bureau, becoming one of the first U. S. newspapers to do so, a Rome office followed in July 1957, and in 1961, The Sun expanded to New Dehli. At its height, The Sun ran eight foreign bureaus, giving rise to its boast in a 1983 ad that The Sun never sets on the world, the paper was sold in 1986 to the Times-Mirror Company of the Los Angeles Times. The same week, the rival News American, with publishing antecedents since 1773, the oldest paper in the city, it had been owned by the Hearst Corporation since the 1920s. In 1997, The Sun acquired the Patuxent Publishing Company, a suburban newspaper publisher that had a stable of weekly papers. In the 1990s and 2000s, The Sun began cutting back its foreign coverage, in 1995 and 1996, closed its Tokyo, Mexico City and Berlin bureaus. Two more — Beijing and London — fell victim to cost-cutting in 2005, the final three bureaus — Moscow, Jerusalem, and Johannesburg, South Africa — fell a couple years later. All were closed by 2008, as the Tribune Co. streamlined and downsized the newspaper chains foreign reporting, some material from The Suns foreign correspondents is archived at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County. In 2000, the Times-Mirror company was purchased by the Tribune Company of Chicago, I,2014 it transferred its newspapers, including The Sun, to Tribune Publishing. On September 19,2005, and again on August 24,2008 and its circulation as of 2010 was 195,561 for the daily edition and 343,552 on Sundays. On April 29,2009, the Tribune Company announced that it would lay off 61 of the 205 staff members in the Sun newsroom. On September 23,2011, it was reported that the Baltimore Sun would be moving its web edition behind a paywall starting October 10,2011, BSMG content reaches more than one million Baltimore-area readers each week and is the regions most widely read source of news. On February 20,2014, The Baltimore Sun Media Group announced they are going to buy the alternative weekly City Paper, in April, the Sun acquired the Maryland publications of Landmark Media Enterprises. The Evening Sun was first published in 1910 under the leadership of Charles H. Grasty, former owner of the Evening News, for most of its existence, The Evening Sun led its morning sibling in circulation
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Entertainment Weekly
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Entertainment Weekly is an American magazine, published by Time Inc. that covers film, television, music, Broadway theatre, books and popular culture. Different from celebrity-focused publications like Us Weekly, People, and In Touch Weekly, EW primarily concentrates on entertainment media news, however, unlike Variety and The Hollywood Reporter, which are aimed at industry insiders, EW targets a more general audience. The first issue was published on February 16,1990, the cover price was $1.95 The title word entertainment was not capitalized on the cover until mid-1992 and has remained so since. By 2003, the weekly circulation averaged 1.7 million copies per week. In March 2006, managing editor Rick Tetzeli oversaw an overhaul of EWs graphics, Entertainment Weekly follows a typical magazine format by featuring a letters to the editor and table of contents in the first few pages, while also featuring advertisements. While many advertisements are unrelated to the entertainment industry, the majority of ads are typically related to up-and-coming television and these beginning articles open the magazine and as a rule focus on current events in pop culture. First Look, subtitled An early peek at some of Hollywoods coolest projects, is a spread with behind-the-scenes or publicity stills of upcoming movies. The Hit List, written each week by critic Scott Brown, highlights ten major events, Typically, there will be some continuity to the commentaries. This column was written by Jim Mullen and featured twenty events each week. The Hollywood Insider is a section that reports breaking news in entertainment. It gives details, in the columns, on the most-current news in television, movie. The Style Report is a section devoted to celebrity style. Because its focus is on celebrity fashion or lifestyle, it is rich in nature. Recently, the converted to a new format, five pictures of celebrity fashions for the week. A spin-off section, Style Hunter, which finds reader-requested articles of clothing or accessories that have appeared in pop culture recently, appears frequently. The Monitor is a two-page spread devoted to events in celebrity lives with small paragraphs highlighting events such as weddings, illnesses, arrests, court appearances. Deaths of major celebrities are typically detailed in a one-half- or full-page obituary titled Legacy and this feature is nearly identical to sister publication Peoples Passages feature. Harris column focuses on analyzing current popular-culture events, and is generally the most serious of the columns, harris has written about the writers strike and the 2008 presidential election, among other topics
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Google Books
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Books are provided either by publishers and authors, through the Google Books Partner Program, or by Googles library partners, through the Library Project. Additionally, Google has partnered with a number of publishers to digitize their archives. The Publisher Program was first known as Google Print when it was introduced at the Frankfurt Book Fair in October 2004, the Google Books Library Project, which scans works in the collections of library partners and adds them to the digital inventory, was announced in December 2004. But it has also criticized for potential copyright violations. As of October 2015, the number of scanned book titles was over 25 million, Google estimated in 2010 that there were about 130 million distinct titles in the world, and stated that it intended to scan all of them. Results from Google Books show up in both the universal Google Search as well as in the dedicated Google Books search website, if Google believes the book is still under copyright, a user sees snippets of text around the queried search terms. All instances of the terms in the book text appear with a yellow highlight. The four access levels used on Google Books are, Full view, Books in the domain are available for full view. In-print books acquired through the Partner Program are also available for full view if the publisher has given permission, usually, the publisher can set the percentage of the book available for preview. Users are restricted from copying, downloading or printing book previews, a watermark reading Copyrighted material appears at the bottom of pages. All books acquired through the Partner Program are available for preview and this could be because Google cannot identify the owner or the owner declined permission. If a search term appears many times in a book, Google displays no more than three snippets, thus preventing the user from viewing too much of the book. Also, Google does not display any snippets for certain reference books, such as dictionaries, Google maintains that no permission is required under copyright law to display the snippet view. No preview, Google also displays search results for books that have not been digitized, in effect, this is similar to an online library card catalog. Google also stated that it would not scan any in-copyright books between August and 1 November 2005, to provide the owners with the opportunity to decide which books to exclude from the Project. It can let Google scan the book under the Library Project and it can opt out of the Library Project, in which case Google will not scan the book. If the book has already been scanned, Google will reset its access level as No preview and this information is collated through automated methods, and sometimes data from third-party sources is used. This information provides an insight into the book, particularly useful when only a view is available
18.
Amazon (company)
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Amazon. com, also called Amazon, is an American electronic commerce and cloud computing company that was founded on July 5,1994, by Jeff Bezos and is based in Seattle, Washington. It is the largest Internet-based retailer in the world by total sales, the company also produces consumer electronics—notably, Kindle e-readers, Fire tablets, Fire TV, and Echo—and is the worlds largest provider of cloud infrastructure services. Amazon also sells certain low-end products like USB cables under its in-house brand AmazonBasics. Amazon has separate retail websites for the United States, the United Kingdom, Ireland, France, Canada, Germany, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, Australia, Brazil, Japan, China, India, and Mexico. Amazon also offers international shipping to other countries for some of its products. In 2016, Dutch, Polish, and Turkish language versions of the German Amazon website were launched. In 2015, Amazon surpassed Walmart as the most valuable retailer in the United States by market capitalization, in 1994, Bezos left his employment as vice-president of D. E. Shaw & Co. a Wall Street firm and moved to Seattle. He began to work on a plan for what would eventually become Amazon. com. Bezos incorporated the company as Cadabra on July 5,1994, Bezos changed the name to Amazon a year later after a lawyer misheard its original name as cadaver. In September 1994, Bezos purchased the URL Relentless. com and briefly considered naming his online store Relentless, the domain is still owned by Bezos and still redirects to the retailer. The company went online as Amazon. com in 1995, Bezos placed a premium on his head start in building a brand, telling a reporter, Theres nothing about our model that cant be copied over time. But you know, McDonalds got copied, and it still built a huge, multibillion-dollar company. A lot of it comes down to the brand name, brand names are more important online than they are in the physical world. Additionally, a beginning with A was preferential due to the probability it would occur at the top of any list that was alphabetized. Since June 19,2000, Amazons logotype has featured a curved arrow leading from A to Z, representing that the company carries every product from A to Z, with the arrow shaped like a smile. After reading a report about the future of the Internet that projected annual Web commerce growth at 2, 300% and he narrowed the list to what he felt were the five most promising products, which included, compact discs, computer hardware, computer software, videos and books. Amazon was founded in the garage of Bezos home in Bellevue, the company began as an online bookstore, an idea spurred off with discussion with John Ingram of Ingram Book, along with Keyur Patel who still holds a stake in Amazon. Amazon was able to access books at wholesale from Ingram, in the first two months of business, Amazon sold to all 50 states and over 45 countries
19.
Scarface: The World Is Yours
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Scarface, The World Is Yours is a 2006 open world action-adventure video game developed by Radical Entertainment for PlayStation 2, Xbox and Windows. It was published by Sierra Entertainment, and distributed by Universal Interactive, in 2007, a version with enhanced graphics was released for the Wii. An Xbox 360 version was also being developed, but was cancelled, the game features Al Pacinos likeness in the character of Montana, but Pacino does not voice the character, as he and the games producers felt his voice had changed too much since 1983. Instead, Montana is voiced by André Sogliuzzo, who was selected by Pacino himself. Actors from the film who did voice work for the game include Steven Bauer, Robert Loggia. The game received mixed to positive reviews, with critics comparing it favorably to both 2002s Grand Theft Auto, Vice City and 2004s Grand Theft Auto, San Andreas. It was also praised for maintaining the tone of the film, for its humor, the game was also a commercial success, selling over one and a half million units across all platforms. The basic gameplay and game mechanics fall into the subgenre of Grand Theft Auto clones, in a departure from most Grand Theft Auto-style games, Montana cannot kill innocent people. If the player tries to shoot a target, Montana will refuse, if the player tries to hit an innocent person with a car. However, as the game progresses, the player access to some of Montanas employees, a driver, a boat pilot, a weapons dealer, an enforcer. When these employees have been unlocked, the player can control from Montana to any one of them, and when playing as the enforcer or the assassin. When shooting, the player can lock on to the enemy or can aim manually, for example, if Montana shoots an opponent in the leg, they will fall down, but will continue to fire. If he hits an opponent in the arm, they remain on their feet. Hitting opponents by aiming manually earns Montana more balls than using the lock-on system, earning balls fills the Balls meter, which is an essential component of combat in the game. Once the meter is full, Blind Rage mode becomes available, Montana can also acquire balls by taunting defeated opponents, insulting drivers who have hit his car, winning street races, completing missions, and having conversations with random people. There are four geographical regions which Montana must control to complete the game, Little Havana, Downtown, South Beach. At the start of the game, the map is available to explore. Each turf must be controlled 100% before the one becomes available for missions
20.
Scarface: Money. Power. Respect.
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Respect. is a video game for the PlayStation Portable and Windows Mobile released in October 2006, based on the film starring Al Pacino. While the Scarface, The World Is Yours game for the PC, Xbox, PlayStation 2, respect was developed by FarSight Studios. Unlike The World Is Yours, which is an open-world third-person action game, Scarface, respect. is a turn-based strategy game featuring both single and multiplayer modes. The game challenges the player to make decisions to rise to power. In single-player story mode the player will direct strategic city-wide commands to dominate street-level real time combat, the game challenges the player to handle large territory, adversaries and profit-making opportunities through drug trafficking. In multiplayer mode it pits four players as criminal cartels in a race to gain money, reviews of the game are average, mixed or negative, as GameRankings gave it a score of 54. 73%, while Metacritic gave it a score of 58 out of 100
21.
Scarface (soundtrack)
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Scarface, Music from the Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack album featured on the 1983 American crime film, Scarface, which was directed by Brian De Palma. Composed by Italian record producer Giorgio Moroder, the soundtrack was released on December 9 of the same year through MCA Records. The album features music created by Moroder, who wrote and produced all of the tracks, the soundtrack received a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Original Score at the 41st Golden Globe Awards. In 2003, Scarface was remastered and re-released through Universal Records, according to De Palma, Universal wanted to change the original soundtrack for a rap score. After its re-release, the soundtrack debuted in the French Album Chart at number 98, in 2006, the soundtrack was featured in the game Scarface, The World Is Yours, which is based on the film. Diverse songs from hip hop artists sampled songs from the soundtrack, also, they were featured on the soundtrack of the video game Grand Theft Auto III, on its fictional Flashback 95.6 radio station. Scarface is an American film which relates the story of Tony Montana, a Cuban refugee who goes to Miami in 1980 with the Mariel boatlift, Scarface was created as the original soundtrack. Its songs were written and produced by Giorgio Moroder, an Italian record producer, former frontwoman of the band Blondie, Debbie Harry, co-wrote Rush Rush. The songs title is a reference to cocaine, and it was based upon Moroders soundtrack American Gigolo. Robbin Daw considered its lyrics fit the overall feel of the film, and Harry commented about it is s far as the films themes. The song also became Harrys debut single as solo artist after Blondies breakup, Moroder worked with Pete Bellotte, with whom he co-wrote Scarface, Shes on Fire and Turn Out the Night. The first song features vocals of Paul Engemann, while in the other two Amy Holland sang, arthur Barrow co-wrote Shake It Up and Im Hot Tonight, in which Elizabeth Daily performed, and Dance Dance Dance, with Beth Anderson vocals. María Conchita Alonso appeared in the song Vamos a Bailar, the soundtrack includes two instrumentals, Tonys Theme and Ginas and Elviras Theme. The soundtrack incorporates elements of disco, post-disco and synthrock, MCA Records released Scarface on December 9,1983, through vinyl records. After the release of the film, it began to gain notoriety as the time passed, due to this, in 2003 Universal Pictures re-released the film in DVD, and the soundtrack was remastered and released in compact disc. Thanks to the re-release, on March 7,2004, Scarface debuted at number 98 in the French Album Chart, the soundtrack stayed in the chart for seven weeks. In its review for the website AllMusic, Jason Birchmeier compared Scarface to other works of Moroder, including Flashdance and Electric Dreams. Birchmeier considered the collaborations of Debbie Harry, Amy Holland and Elizabeth Daily to the soundtrack much sheer fun, Birchmeier gave Scarface a rating of three-out-of-five stars
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Rush Rush (Debbie Harry song)
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Rush Rush is a song by American singer Debbie Harry. Released as a single in 1983, it is taken from the album of the film Scarface. Rush Rush was the first single Harry released after Blondie broke up in 1982 and it was Harrys second collaboration with producer Giorgio Moroder, the first being Blondies 1980 number-one hit Call Me. The song was a reference to use, yeyo being a Latin-American word for cocaine. A music video was produced, but it was primarily a montage of clips from Harrys past videos including ones from Blondie, Rush Rush peaked at #105 on the US Billboard chart, but became a moderate US dance hit. The single also peaked at #87 in the UK, the song was also featured on the Flashback FM radio station in the popular video game Grand Theft Auto III and the 1986 Tom Hanks film The Money Pit. The song was covered by the British band Happy Mondays for their 2007 album Uncle Dysfunktional, the song was also sampled by The Beatnuts for their 2002 song Yae Yo. In 2008 Septimus Orion covered the song on its first studio album Caged and this album also features a remix of Rush Rush called Trip mix
23.
Elvira Hancock
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Elvira Hancock is a fictional character in the 1983 American mob film Scarface, portrayed by Michelle Pfeiffer. This proved to be her breakthrough role and she is the mistress of Frank Lopez and after his death, becomes the wife of Tony Montana. Kelly McGillis and Sigourney Weaver were also considered, initially, Pacino did not want Pfeiffer to play Hancock, instead he wanted Glenn Close to play the role. Pfeiffers agent called the films producer Martin Bregman and requested him to pay for her transportation from Los Angeles to New York City, Bregman refused and Pfeiffer reached the audition theater on the West Side of Manhattan by her own means. Bregman said in a interview that, after the audition he was sure that she would get Hancocks part. Pfeiffer said that during the shoot she felt hungry and she is the girlfriend of drug dealer Frank Lopez. Tony Montana has Lopez killed and marries Hancock and they do not share a good relationship. She and Montana do not have kids and the latter blames it on her heavy drug use and she in turn blames Montanas profession as a drug dealer as part of the reason the pair had no children. She left Montana after he berated her for not having kids, critic Roger Ebert wrote, that must have is clear, but what he intends to do with her is not, there is no romance between them, no joy shes along for the drugs. Vincent Canby felt that for her role, would not be easily forgotten, susan C. Boyd labels her as the token cultural symbol of Western male capitalist success. In his review of Scarface for Texas Monthly, James Wolcott likens her to the white-satin molls portrayed by actress Jean Harlow, pointing towards the lack of romance between Montana and Hancock, he notes that both are travelling along parallel lines of toot. Sherrie A. Inness compares her to Poppy in the 1932 Scarface and points out that though Montana and Hancock get married and she terms her an embittered drug addict with the self-esteem of an empty bullet casing and a complainer. Amy Adams played Hancock for Saturday Night Live in an episode aired December 20,2014, the character is noted particularly for her costumes, created by Patricia Norris. In 2006, Gwen Stefani adopted a look inspired by Hancock, askMen has ranked her 3rd in its Top 10 Outlaw Girlfriends list. Richard Kavanagh developed a new hairstyle called Honey Dipped, inspired by Hancock, when a remake of Scarface was announced in 2015, a Bustle magazine article chose Jennifer Lawrence for playing Hancock in the newer version of the film. Elvira Hancock at the Internet Movie Database
24.
Alejandro Sosa
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Alejandro Alex Sosa is a fictional character and the main antagonist in the 1983 American crime film Scarface and the 2006 video game Scarface, The World Is Yours. He is a Bolivian drug dealer and the supplier of cocaine for Tony Montana. Only when Sosa was felt betrayed did his relationship with Tony Montana end, Sosa is portrayed by Paul Shenar in the film and voiced by Robert Davi in the game. It is based on the Bolivian drug trafficker Roberto Suárez Goméz, frank Lopez sends Tony Montana and Omar Suarez to make a drug deal with Sosa who asks them to guarantee the buying of a certain amount of cocaine every month. After some issues, Montana promises Sosa to talk with Lopez about sharing the risk, when Sosa gets realization that Suarez was previously a police informant, Suarez is killed by Sosas henchmen and his corpse is hung from a helicopter, which Tony witnesses. When Lopez hears of the developments, he refuses to believe that Omar was a stoolie, Lopez and Tony separate after the argument and the latter proposes marriage to Lopezs girlfriend Elvira Hancock. When Lopez becomes aware of Tonys aspirations regarding Elvira, he sends two hit-men to have him killed, the plan backfires and Tony kills the two hit-men. Tony then goes to Lopez and has his right-hand-man Manny kill Lopez after Lopez confesses to hiring the hitmen to kill Tony, Sosa then asks Tony Montana to murder a journalist in exchange for some help with the latters legal trouble. However, when he sees that the journalist has his family with him in the car they want to blow up, Sosas henchman Alberto The Shadow ignores Montanas instructions and is therefore shot in the head fatally by him. Later, when Montana reaches his home, Sosa calls him angrily, Montana offends him and in retaliation the infuriated Sosa sends his mercenaries to Montanas home to finish him. In Scarface, The World is Yours, Sosa has succeeded in ending Tonys empire, however, Tony has escaped and swore revenge on him for this. He is not seen until in the mission where he held a meeting with Gaspar Gomez. Montana confronts Sosa after killing Gomez and Sheffield, Sosa tells Montana he warned him not to betray him, but Montana did, referring to the incident with the journalist in the film. Sosa says that in their business, sometimes children have to be killed, the Day wrote that Shenar had portrayed the character with a kind of glorious and refined sleaze. Complex has ranked Sosa as 27th in its list of 50 best villains in movie history, Robert Davi voiced Sosa in the 2006 video game. Rapper Pitbull said in 2014 that I wanted to be Sosa – educated, good-looking, a good dresser. The song Criminology by Wu-Tang Clan rapper Raekwon, from his debut album Only Built 4 Cuban Linx. begins with a dialogue between Montana and Sosa where Sosa calls the former a fucking little monkey. Rapper Chief Keef, popularly called Sosa named his fifth child Sno meaning The White Sosa, Montanas killing, ordered by Sosa, has been listed by Complex as the 1st one in its Top 50 Movie Assassinations list
