1.
Album
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Album, is a collection of audio recordings issued as a single item on CD, record, audio tape, or another medium. Albums of recorded music were developed in the early 20th century, first as books of individual 78rpm records, vinyl LPs are still issued, though in the 21st century album sales have mostly focused on compact disc and MP3 formats. The audio cassette was a format used from the late 1970s through to the 1990s alongside vinyl, an album may be recorded in a recording studio, in a concert venue, at home, in the field, or a mix of places. Recording may take a few hours to years to complete, usually in several takes with different parts recorded separately. Recordings that are done in one take without overdubbing are termed live, the majority of studio recordings contain an abundance of editing, sound effects, voice adjustments, etc. With modern recording technology, musicians can be recorded in separate rooms or at times while listening to the other parts using headphones. Album covers and liner notes are used, and sometimes additional information is provided, such as analysis of the recording, historically, the term album was applied to a collection of various items housed in a book format. In musical usage the word was used for collections of pieces of printed music from the early nineteenth century. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, the LP record, or 33 1⁄3 rpm microgroove vinyl record, is a gramophone record format introduced by Columbia Records in 1948. It was adopted by the industry as a standard format for the album. Apart from relatively minor refinements and the important later addition of stereophonic sound capability, the term album had been carried forward from the early nineteenth century when it had been used for collections of short pieces of music. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, as part of a trend of shifting sales in the music industry, some commenters have declared that the early 21st century experienced the death of the album. Sometimes shorter albums are referred to as mini-albums or EPs, Albums such as Tubular Bells, Amarok, Hergest Ridge by Mike Oldfield, and Yess Close to the Edge, include fewer than four tracks. There are no rules against artists such as Pinhead Gunpowder referring to their own releases under thirty minutes as albums. These are known as box sets, material is stored on an album in sections termed tracks, normally 11 or 12 tracks. A music track is a song or instrumental recording. The term is associated with popular music where separate tracks are known as album tracks. When vinyl records were the medium for audio recordings a track could be identified visually from the grooves
2.
Judas Priest
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Judas Priest are a British heavy metal band formed in Birmingham, England, in 1969. The band has sold close to 50 million albums to date, MTV ranked them the second greatest metal band of all time. In 1989, they were named as defendants in a lawsuit alleging that subliminal messages on the song Better By You. The bands membership has seen much turnover, including a revolving cast of drummers in the 1970s, the current line-up consists of Halford, guitarists Glenn Tipton and Richie Faulkner, bassist Ian Hill, and drummer Scott Travis. The bands best-selling album is 1982s Screaming for Vengeance with their most commercially successful line-up, featuring Halford, Tipton, Hill, guitarist K. K. Downing, and drummer Dave Holland. Their influence, while mainly Halfords operatic vocal style and the guitar sound of Downing. Their image of leather, spikes, and other articles of clothing were widely influential during the glam metal era of the 1980s. The Guardian referred to British Steel as the record that defines heavy metal, an earlier band with a different line-up had been formed in the West Midlands area in 1969 by Al Atkins, Bruno Stapenhill, John Partridge, and John Perry. Perry was killed in a car accident, according to Al Atkins. Stapenhill came up with the name Judas Priest from Bob Dylans song The Ballad of Frankie Lee and Judas Priest, the band played their first gig on 25 November 1969 at The George Hotel in Walsall and then toured Scotland in December 1969 and January 1970. The group disbanded in April 1970 after their last gig on 20 April at The Youth Centre in Cannock, the line-up that took over the name of Judas Priest included lead guitarist Kenny K. K. Downing, bassist Ian Skull Hill and drummer John Ellis. The band was founded in October 1970 in Birmingham and they agreed to join with Atkins, who suggested using his old bands name, and rehearsed at Atkins mother-in-laws house in Stone Cross. The reformed group played their first gig on 16 March 1971 at St Johns Hall, with Downing as acting leader, the band moved away from their original blues influences to play hard rock. The quartet played around Birmingham and the areas with various drummers until 1974, sometimes opening for bands such as Budgie, Thin Lizzy. Eventually, financial difficulties and problems with their management, Tony Iommis company, IMA, led to the departure of Allan Atkins, at the time, Ian Hill was dating a Walsall woman who suggested her brother, Rob Halford, as the bands singer. Halford joined them, bringing drummer John Hinch from his previous band and this line-up toured the UK, often supporting Budgie, and even headlining some shows in Norway and Germany. Before the band entered the studio to record their first album, the two guitarists worked together to adapt the existing material and Tipton also received credits as a songwriter. In August 1974, the released their debut single Rocka Rolla
3.
Ibiza
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Ibiza is an island in the Mediterranean Sea off the east coast of Spain. It is 150 kilometres from the city of Valencia and it is the third largest of the Balearic Islands, an autonomous community of Spain. Its largest settlements are Ibiza Town, Santa Eulària des Riu and its highest point, called Sa Talaiassa, is 475 metres above sea level. The islands government and the Spanish Tourist Office have been working to promote more family-oriented tourism, the port in Ibiza Town is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Ibiza and the island of Formentera to its south are called the Pine Islands. The official name of the island is in Catalan Eivissa and its name in Spanish is Ibiza. In British English, the name is pronounced in an approximation of the Spanish /ɪˈbiːθə/, whereas in American English the pronunciation is more anglicized. Phoenician colonists called the island Ibossim and it was later known to Romans as Ebusus. The Greeks called the two islands of Ibiza and Formentera the Pityûssai, in the 18th and 19th centuries the island was known to the British, and especially to the Royal Navy, as Ivica. In 654 BC, Phoenician settlers founded a port on Ibiza, with the decline of Phoenicia after the Assyrian invasions, Ibiza came under the control of Carthage, also a former Phoenician colony. The island produced dye, salt, fish sauce, and wool, a shrine with offerings to the goddess Tanit was established in the cave at Es Cuieram, and the rest of the Balearic Islands entered Eivissas commercial orbit after 400 BC. Ibiza was a trading post along the Mediterranean routes. During the Second Punic War, the island was assaulted by the two Scipio brothers in 209 BC but remained loyal to Carthage. With the Carthaginian military failing on the Iberian mainland, Ibiza was last used by the fleeing Carthaginian General Mago to gather supplies and men before sailing to Minorca, for this reason, Ibiza today contains excellent examples of late Carthaginian-Punic civilization. During the Roman Empire, the became a quiet imperial outpost. Ibiza together with the islands of Formentera and Minorca were invaded by the Norwegian King Sigurd I of Norway in the spring of 1110 on his crusade to Jerusalem. The king had previously conquered the cities of Sintra, Lisbon, King Sigurd continued to Sicily where he visited King Roger II of Sicily. The island was conquered by Aragonese King James I in 1235, the local Muslim population got deported as was the case with neighboring Majorca and elsewhere, and Christians arrived from Girona
4.
Spain
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By population, Spain is the sixth largest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union. Spains capital and largest city is Madrid, other urban areas include Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Bilbao. Modern humans first arrived in the Iberian Peninsula around 35,000 years ago, in the Middle Ages, the area was conquered by Germanic tribes and later by the Moors. Spain is a democracy organised in the form of a government under a constitutional monarchy. It is a power and a major developed country with the worlds fourteenth largest economy by nominal GDP. Jesús Luis Cunchillos argues that the root of the span is the Phoenician word spy. Therefore, i-spn-ya would mean the land where metals are forged, two 15th-century Spanish Jewish scholars, Don Isaac Abravanel and Solomon ibn Verga, gave an explanation now considered folkloric. Both men wrote in two different published works that the first Jews to reach Spain were brought by ship by Phiros who was confederate with the king of Babylon when he laid siege to Jerusalem. This man was a Grecian by birth, but who had given a kingdom in Spain. He became related by marriage to Espan, the nephew of king Heracles, Heracles later renounced his throne in preference for his native Greece, leaving his kingdom to his nephew, Espan, from whom the country of España took its name. Based upon their testimonies, this eponym would have already been in use in Spain by c.350 BCE, Iberia enters written records as a land populated largely by the Iberians, Basques and Celts. Early on its coastal areas were settled by Phoenicians who founded Western Europe´s most ancient cities Cadiz, Phoenician influence expanded as much of the Peninsula was eventually incorporated into the Carthaginian Empire, becoming a major theater of the Punic Wars against the expanding Roman Empire. After an arduous conquest, the peninsula came fully under Roman Rule, during the early Middle Ages it came under Germanic rule but later, much of it was conquered by Moorish invaders from North Africa. In a process took centuries, the small Christian kingdoms in the north gradually regained control of the peninsula. The last Moorish kingdom fell in the same year Columbus reached the Americas, a global empire began which saw Spain become the strongest kingdom in Europe, the leading world power for a century and a half, and the largest overseas empire for three centuries. Continued wars and other problems led to a diminished status. The Napoleonic invasions of Spain led to chaos, triggering independence movements that tore apart most of the empire, eventually democracy was peacefully restored in the form of a parliamentary constitutional monarchy. Spain joined the European Union, experiencing a renaissance and steady economic growth
5.
Heavy metal music
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Heavy metal is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom and the United States. Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are associated with aggression. The first heavy metal such as Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath. During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the evolution by discarding much of its blues influence, Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility. Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden, before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as metalheads or headbangers. During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with such as Mötley Crüe. Since the mid-1990s popular styles have further expanded the definition of the genre and these include groove metal and nu metal, the latter of which often incorporates elements of grunge and hip hop. Heavy metal is characterized by loud distorted guitars, emphatic rhythms, dense bass-and-drum sound. Metal subgenres variously emphasize, alter, or omit one or more of these attributes, the typical band lineup includes a drummer, a bassist, a rhythm guitarist, a lead guitarist, and a singer, who may or may not be an instrumentalist. Keyboard instruments are used to enhance the fullness of the sound. Deep Purples Jon Lord played an overdriven Hammond organ, in 1970, John Paul Jones used a Moog synthesizer on Led Zeppelin III, by the 1990s, in. almost every subgenre of heavy metal synthesizers were used. The electric guitar and the power that it projects through amplification has historically been the key element in heavy metal. The heavy metal guitar sound comes from a use of high volumes. Guitar solos are an element of the heavy metal code. That underscores the significance of the guitar to the genre, most heavy metal songs featur at least one guitar solo, which is a primary means through which the heavy metal performer expresses virtuosity. One exception is nu metal bands, which tend to omit guitar solos, with rhythm guitar parts, the heavy crunch sound in heavy metal. Palm muting the strings with the hand and using distortion. Palm muting creates a tighter, more sound and it emphasizes the low end
6.
Columbia Records
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Columbia Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, Inc. the United States division of Sony Corporation. It was founded in 1887, evolving from an enterprise named the American Graphophone Company. Columbia is the oldest surviving brand name in the sound business. Columbia Records went on to release records by an array of singers, instrumentalists. It is one of Sony Musics three flagship record labels alongside RCA Records and Epic Records, rather, as above, it was connected to CBS, a broadcasting media company which had purchased the company in 1938, and had been co-founded in 1927 by Columbia Records itself. Though Arista Records was sold to Bertelsmann Music Group, it would become a sister label of Columbia Records through its mutual connection to Sony Music. The Columbia Phonograph Company was founded in 1887 by stenographer, lawyer and New Jersey native Edward Easton and it derived its name from the District of Columbia, where it was headquartered. At first it had a monopoly on sales and service of Edison phonographs and phonograph cylinders in Washington. As was the custom of some of the regional companies, Columbia produced many commercial cylinder recordings of its own. Columbias ties to Edison and the North American Phonograph Company were severed in 1894 with the North American Phonograph Companys breakup, thereafter it sold only records and phonographs of its own manufacture. In 1902, Columbia introduced the XP record, a brown wax record. According to Gracyk, the molded brown waxes may have sold to Sears for distribution. Columbia began selling records and phonographs in addition to the cylinder system in 1901, preceded only by their Toy Graphophone of 1899. For a decade, Columbia competed with both the Edison Phonograph Company cylinders and the Victor Talking Machine Company disc records as one of the top three names in American recorded sound. In order to add prestige to its catalog of artists. The firm also introduced the internal-horn Grafonola to compete with the extremely popular Victrola sold by the rival Victor Talking Machine Company, during this era, Columbia used the famous Magic Notes logo—a pair of sixteenth notes in a circle—both in the United States and overseas. Columbia was split into two companies, one to make records and one to make players, Columbia Phonograph was moved to Connecticut, and Ed Easton went with it. Eventually it was renamed the Dictaphone Corporation, in late 1923, Columbia went into receivership
7.
Record producer
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A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performers music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process, the roles of a producer vary. The producer may perform these roles himself, or help select the engineer, the producer may also pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record companies budget. A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording. Producers also often take on an entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules, contracts. In the 2010s, the industry has two kinds of producers with different roles, executive producer and music producer. Executive producers oversee project finances while music producers oversee the process of recording songs or albums. In most cases the producer is also a competent arranger, composer. The producer will also liaise with the engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record, indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation actually is music director. The music producers job is to create, shape, and mold a piece of music, at the beginning of record industry, producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1950s and 1960s due to technological developments, the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously, all of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio and the performance had to be recorded. As well, for a song that used 20 instruments, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. Examples include the rock sound effects of the 1960s, e. g. playing back the sound of recorded instruments backwards or clanging the tape to produce unique sound effects. These new instruments were electric or electronic, and thus they used instrument amplifiers, new technologies like multitracking changed the goal of recording, A producer could blend together multiple takes and edit together different sections to create the desired sound. For example, in jazz fusion Bandleader-composer Miles Davis album Bitches Brew, producers like Phil Spector and George Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance. Producers became creative figures in the studio, other examples of such engineers includes Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Brian Wilson, and Biddu
8.
Point of Entry
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Point of Entry is the seventh album from the British heavy metal band Judas Priest. It was released on 26 February 1981, in 1980 Judas Priest garnered some airplay with Breaking the Law and Living After Midnight from their album British Steel. As a result, the band pursued a more melodic, radio friendly direction on Point of Entry, following the conclusion of the British Steel World Tour, the band began work on their next project. By this time, they had sufficient funds to fly all their equipment to the huge and this gave Point Of Entry a louder, stronger, more live sound than previous Judas Priest albums. Three singles were released from the album, Heading Out to the Highway, Dont Go and Hot Rockin, all of which had accompanying music videos. The song Heading Out to the Highway has been a staple in live shows since its release, Desert Plains was regularly played throughout the 1980s and Hot Rockin is still performed today. On the 2005 Re-united tour they also played Solar Angels on rare occasions, while on the World Wide Blitz Tour of 1981, it had been the opening song of every show. Europe got an intriguing and colorful sort of metal wing over a horizon shot. designed by Roslav Szaybo. The North American cover differed from the rest of the world, the US artwork, featuring computer printer paper to simulate the line in the middle of the road and white cardboard boxes on the back, was designed by Columbia Records John Berg. The sleeve was awful, scoffs the guitarist, and weve got to blame management for that because they didnt shop around enough to get one that was suitable, the American cover was different, but that turned out to be even worse. The artwork also saw the introduction of the 3D Judas Priest logo, the album was remastered in 2001, with two bonus tracks added, a live version of Desert Plains and Thunder Road, a track from the Ram It Down sessions. In 2005, Point of Entry was ranked number 352 in Rock Hard magazines book of The 500 Greatest Rock & Metal Albums of All Time, in the 2007 book Metal, The Definitive Guide, author Garry Sharpe-Young wrote that the album consists of radio-friendly fillers. Morever, Sharpe-Young called the original British artwork bland and subsequent American alternative artwork an even worse compromise, All tracks written by Glenn Tipton, Rob Halford and K. K. Judas Priest Rob Halford – vocals K. K
9.
Defenders of the Faith
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Defenders of the Faith is the ninth studio album by British heavy metal band Judas Priest. Three tracks were released as singles, Freewheel Burning, Some Heads Are Gonna Roll, the album was certified Platinum by the RIAA. The LP and cassette tape were released on 4 January 1984, a remastered CD was released in May 2001. Simultaneously with the release, the band kicked off their tour in Europe, with the bulk of concerts taking place in North America during the spring. The album was an success, only going one spot below Screaming for Vengeance on the US Billboard 100 Albums Chart. Some critics nonetheless objected to the lack of a single comparable to Breaking the Law or Youve Got Another Thing Comin. The cover art by Doug Johnson depicts the Metallian, a ram-horned, tiger-like land assault creature with Gatling guns, the back cover contains a message, Rising from darkness where Hell hath no mercy and the screams for vengeance echo on forever. Only those who keep the faith shall escape the wrath of the Metallian, Eat Me Alive was listed at number 3 on the Parents Music Resource Centers Filthy Fifteen, a list of 15 songs the organization found most objectionable. PMRC co-founder Tipper Gore stated the song was about sex at gunpoint. In response to the allegations, Priest recorded the song Parental Guidance on the follow-up album Turbo, in December 1983, the band released the Freewheel Burning single and performed the song in a short UK/Germany tour in the same month. In January 1984, the band embarked on the Metal Conqueror Tour across Europe, North America, on this tour, the band played every song from the album live, with the exception of Eat Me Alive. During the bands 2008 tour in support of Nostradamus, they played songs which had never been played live before. To date, this made Defenders of the Faith the second Judas Priest album from which every song had played live, followed by British Steel during the 2009. Jawbreaker was covered by Rage for the single Higher than the Sky and also appeared on the tribute album A Tribute to Judas Priest, Legends of Metal, the Sentinel was covered by Machine Head for the special edition version of their 2011 album Unto the Locust. Night Comes Down was covered by Katatonia for the Japanese edition of their 2016 album The Fall of Hearts, All tracks written by Glenn Tipton, Rob Halford and K. K. Judas Priest Rob Halford – vocals K. K
10.
Single (music)
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In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s
11.
You've Got Another Thing Comin'
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Youve Got Another Thing Comin is a song by British heavy metal band Judas Priest. It was originally released on their 1982 album Screaming for Vengeance, in May 2006, VH1 ranked it fifth on their list of the 40 Greatest Metal Songs. It became one of Judas Priests signature songs along with Electric Eye and Breaking the Law, the song reached No.67 on the Billboard Hot 100 charts, making it Judas Priests only charting song in the United States. The song is written in the key of F-sharp minor, youve Got Another Thing Comin has charted in two countries in United Kingdom and in United States. In the United Kingdom it peaked at No.66 in the UK Singles Chart and in the US, wayne Parry of the Associated Press called it, along with Hell Bent for Leather and Living After Midnight, one of the standards against which other metal tracks are measured. Greg Prato of AllMusic wrote that the song was finally broke Judas Priest into the mainstream in the United States. It is now featured in EA Sports NHL12 and it is also in 2K Sports Major League Baseball 2K9. The original song is featured in the 2011 comedy film. The song was featured in a 2013 episode of Californication, rob Halford – vocals Glenn Tipton – lead guitar K. K. Downing – rhythm guitar Ian Hill – bass Dave Holland – drums Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
12.
Electric Eye (song)
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Electric Eye is a song by British heavy metal band Judas Priest, from their 1982 album Screaming for Vengeance, and released as a single later that year. It has become a staple at concerts, usually played as the first song, benediction and Helloween, amongst many other bands, have covered this song. Musically, the song is in the key of E minor, Electric Eye is featured in Grand Theft Auto, Vice City Stories for PSP and PlayStation 2. It is also a track in Guitar Hero Encore, Rocks the 80s as a master track, including The Hellion. Additionally, it is available for download on Rock Band, as of 22 April 2009, as part of the entire Screaming for Vengeance album download and it was also featured in the second trailer for the video game Brütal Legend. This song is referenced in the movie Tenacious D in The Pick of Destiny, Electric Eye is an allusion to the book Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell, in the use of the name of the pseudo-omniscient satellite that watches over the community at all times. In this dystopia, the form of government, Ingsoc, is utterly totalitarian, the song has been called prescient for its depiction of a modern surveillance state. The song is played right after the albums intro The Hellion during live concerts. An exception is during the tour for the album Demolition, in which the band went straight into Electric Eye with no intro, the Hellion was also used for a commercial for the 2011 Honda Odyssey. The song was played live at the 2011 Revolver Magazine Golden God Awards show by Duff McKagans Loaded, with vocals by Slipknot and Stone Sours Corey Taylor and guitar by The Sex Pistols Steve Jones. Electric Eye was covered by the metalcore band As I Lay Dying from the compilation Decas, the band made a music video for the song and was first available to stream via Noisecreep on 3 October 2011. In his 2004 tribute album, Mirada Electrica, Tributo A Judas Priest, Arturo Huizar, the tribute album also includes other popular Judas Priest songs translated to Spanish. During live concerts, Huizar often switches between English and Spanish in the chorus, the song was also covered in 2014 by Lissie and released on an EP album Cryin to You and performs the songs on tour. Professional wrestler Aja Kong uses the song with The Hellion as her entrance music, rob Halford - vocals Glenn Tipton - lead guitar K. K. Downing - rhythm guitar Ian Hill - bass Dave Holland - drums Mass surveillance New World Order
13.
Coconut Grove
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Coconut Grove is the oldest continuously inhabited neighborhood of Miami in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. The neighborhood is bound by North Prospect Drive to the south, LeJeune Road to the west, South Dixie Highway and Rickenbacker Causeway to the north. It is south of the neighborhoods of Brickell and The Roads, the neighborhoods name has been sometimes spelled Cocoanut Grove but the definitive spelling Coconut Grove was established when the city was incorporated in 1919. What is today referred to as Coconut Grove was formed in 1925 when the city of Miami annexed two areas of equal size, the city of Coconut Grove and most of the town of Silver Bluff. Coconut Grove approximately corresponds to the area as the 33133 ZIP Code although the ZIP Code includes parts of Coral Way and Coral Gables. The area is referred to as The Grove and many locals take pride that Coconut Grove is one of the greenest areas of Miami. Coconut Grove is directly served by the Miami Metrorail at Coconut Grove, several waves of immigration established Coconut Grove, the first in 1825, when the Cape Florida lighthouse went into operation and was manned by John Dubose. Dr. Horace P. Porter is credited for coming up with the name when in 1873 he rented a home from Edmond D. Beasley’s widow and he lived there for only a year but during that time he established a post office which he named Coconut Grove. Around the same time the area saw an influx of Americans from the Northeastern US, as well as British, the first hotel on the South Florida mainland was located in Coconut Grove. Coconut Groves first black settlement, in the 1880s, was established by Bahamian laborers who worked at the Peacock Inn, the Barnacle Historic State Park is the oldest house in Miami-Dade County still standing in its original location. Formerly an independent city, Coconut Grove was annexed by the city of Miami in 1925, in the 1960s, bay-shore Coconut Grove served as the center of South Floridas youth countercultural movement, notably hosting several love-ins and concerts during the latter part of the decade. Coconut Grove has a number of festivals and events, the most prominent of which is the annual Coconut Grove Arts Festival. Others include the King Mango Strut, which began as a parody of the Orange Bowl Parade, the Great Taste of the Grove Food & Wine Festival takes place each April. Each June, the Goombay Festival transforms Grand Avenue in Coconut Grove into a Carnaval, celebrating Bahamian culture, with Bahamian food, the Grove has numerous restaurants, open air and streetside cafes, and several waterfront restaurants and bars. By night, the Grove becomes a center of nightlife frequented by locals, young professionals, students from the-nearby University of Miami and Florida International University, and tourists. Shopping is abundant in the Grove, with two malls, CocoWalk, the Streets of Mayfair, and many other street shops. Development and redevelopment continue to redefine and transform the area, major corporations including Arquitectonica, Spanish Broadcasting System, and Watsco are located in the Grove. The eastern border of Coconut Grove is Biscayne Bay, which lends itself to the boating and sailing communities
14.
British Steel (album)
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British Steel is the sixth album by the British heavy metal band Judas Priest, released on 14 April 1980. British Steel saw the band reprise the commercial sound they had established on Killing Machine and this time, they abandoned some of the dark lyrical themes which had been prominent on their previous releases, but some of it still remains. British Steel was recorded at Tittenhurst Park, home of former Beatle Ringo Starr, the songs Breaking the Law, United, and Living After Midnight were released as singles. The album was remastered in 2001 with two tracks added. Bonus studio track Red, White, and Blue was written in the sessions for the Twin Turbos album, the second bonus track, a live performance of Grinder, was recorded on 5 May 1984, in Los Angeles during the Defenders of the Faith tour. In 2009, Judas Priest kicked off their 30th anniversary tour in the US by playing British Steel live in its entirety for the first time. The live versions of all the British Steel tracks from this release were made available as downloadable content for the Rock Band video game series beginning 11 May 2010. All tracks written by Glenn Tipton, Rob Halford and K. K, all tracks written by Glenn Tipton, Rob Halford and K. K. Downing except where noted. Judas Priest Rob Halford – vocals K. K. Elsdale and R. Ellis Singles – BPI British Steel at Radio3Net
15.
K. K. Downing
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Kenneth K. K. Downing, Jr. is an English Grammy Award winning guitarist, songwriter and founding member of the British heavy metal band Judas Priest. Downing was born in West Bromwich and he was kicked out of his home at 15 and dropped out of school soon afterward. In the late 1960s, Downing discovered rock music and the guitar. He is a mostly self-taught guitarist and he was heavily influenced by Jimi Hendrix, after whom he modelled his playing style. Downing played on every Judas Priest album from Rocka Rolla to A Touch of Evil, Downing started his first band between the age of 17 and 18 with his second-cousin Brian Badhams on bass guitar and drummer Martin Philips. The trio mainly jammed a few Cream songs and a few 12-bar blues, Downing played guitar with the band after winning a coin toss with his cousin Brian in his bedroom to see who would play guitar or bass. Prior to joining Judas Priest, Downing went to catering college, Downing has been noted for his aggressive, rock influenced guitar solos and dual leads with fellow Judas Priest guitarist Glenn Tipton. His solos remained of this style for most of his career, although the two would switch roles, Downings usual job on Judas Priest songs was as the rhythm guitarist with Tipton playing solos. In 1978, Tipton began to incorporate tapping into his playing, by 1990, both guitarists started to use the complex technique of sweep-picking, which can be notably heard on the title track of their 1990 album Painkiller. Both have continuously used these techniques ever since, the only time since then that he renewed use of it was in 1996, when vocalist Tim Ripper Owens joined the band, and they began to experiment with their music more than before. One of these experimentations was the renewal of wah-wah in Downings playing and this experimentation was taken further on their next album with Owens, 2001s Demolition, but was once more abandoned when the bands former vocalist, Rob Halford, returned to the band. However, Downing used a pedal on his last few tours with the band. Downing officially left Judas Priest on 20 April 2011, an official press release was issued by the band. In an interview with music publication, Guitarhoo. Downing spoke about his leaving the band, There had been a breakdown in working relationships between myself, elements of the band and management for some time. Downing stated that there were at least 21 reasons why he decided to quit, in a 2016 interview, Downing elaborated on his decision to leave Judas Priest, I had lots and lots of reasons for not continuing, as I wasnt content with things as they were. I wasnt happy with the live performance. I thought it could have better, not that the fans would notice. To me, was always a machine and thats what I liked about it
16.
Rob Halford
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Halford was voted number 33 in the greatest voices in rock by Planet Rock listeners in 2009. In addition to his work with Judas Priest, he has been involved with side projects, including Fight, 2wo. In 1998, he came out as gay in an interview with MTV news making him the first openly gay singer in heavy metal music. Halford was born in Sutton Coldfield, but raised in Walsall and his early influences included soul screamers, such as Little Richard, Janis Joplin and Robert Plant. He sang for numerous bands including Athens Wood, Abraxas, Thark, Halford was introduced to co-founding Judas Priest member Ian Hill by his sister who was dating Hill at the time. Halford, a cinema manager, joined the band as singer, bringing with him drummer John Hinch from his previous band. In August 1974, the band debuted with the single Rocka Rolla, the next albums were Sad Wings of Destiny, 1977s Sin After Sin, and 1978s Stained Class and Killing Machine. This point heralded the first style change when Halford shifted from gothic style robes to a leather,1979 brought their first live recording with the now classic Unleashed in the East. In 1980, the band released British Steel, the songs were shorter and more concisely structured, but retained the heavy metal feel. They released Point of Entry in 1981, featuring the song Heading Out to the Highway. The 1982 album Screaming for Vengeance had a song, Youve Got Another Thing Comin, which garnered strong US radio airplay, Turbo was released in April 1986, during the glam metal era. In May 1988, Ram It Down was released, with songs that were recorded during the Turbo sessions. In September 1990, the Painkiller album dropped the 1980s-style synthesizers for almost all of the songs, along with a change in musical style, the bands look changed as well. Halford emerged with all-new tattoos, including a bent Judas Priest cross on his arm and ring around his other. He also began shaving his head for the first time, claiming that his receding hairline was getting annoying to keep up with. During the tour for Painkiller in August 1991 at a show in Toronto, Halford rode onstage on a large Harley-Davidson motorcycle, dressed in motorcycle leathers and he collided with a half-raised drum riser and fell off the motorcycle, breaking his nose. After regaining consciousness, Halford returned and performed the whole concert, in the bands Behind the Music episode, Halford named the accident as one of the events that caused the rift between him and the rest of the band that would eventually force them apart. However, during an interview with Bernard Perusse of Montreals The Gazette, after spending nearly 20 years with Judas Priest, Halford announced to the band on 4 July 1991 that he was leaving, and he also sued their label, Sony, for restrictive practices
17.
Iron Maiden
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Iron Maiden are a British heavy metal band formed in Leyton, East London, in 1975 by bassist and primary songwriter Steve Harris. The bands discography has grown to thirty-eight albums, including sixteen studio albums, eleven albums, four EPs. Pioneers of the new wave of British heavy metal, Iron Maiden achieved initial success during the early 1980s,1 in 28 countries and receiving widespread critical acclaim. Their sixteenth studio album, The Book of Souls, was released on 4 September 2015 to similar success, the band won the Ivor Novello Award for international achievement in 2002. As of October 2013, the band have played over 2000 live shows throughout their career. For the past 35 years, the band have been supported by their famous mascot, Eddie, Iron Maiden were formed on Christmas Day in 1975 by bassist Steve Harris shortly after he left his previous group, Smiler. Harris attributes the name to a film adaptation of The Man in the Iron Mask from the novel by Alexandre Dumas. After months of rehearsal, Iron Maiden made their debut at St. Nicks Hall in Poplar on 1 May 1976, before taking up a semi-residency at the Cart and Horses Pub in Maryland Point, Stratford. The original line-up did not last very long, however, with vocalist Paul Day being the first casualty as, according to Harris and he was replaced by Dennis Wilcock, a Kiss fan who used make-up and fake blood during live performances. Wilcocks friend Dave Murray was invited to join, to the dismay of the bands guitarists Dave Sullivan and their frustration led Harris to temporarily disband Iron Maiden in 1976, though the group reformed soon after with Murray as the sole guitarist. Steve Harris and Dave Murray remain the bands longest-standing members and have performed on all of their releases, Iron Maiden recruited yet another guitarist in 1977, Bob Sawyer, who was sacked for embarrassing the band on stage by pretending to play guitar with his teeth. Tension ensued again, causing a rift between Murray and Wilcock, who convinced Harris to fire Murray, as well as original drummer Ron Matthews. A new line-up was put together, including future Cutting Crew member Tony Moore on keyboards, Terry Wapram on guitar, and drummer Barry Purkis. A bad performance at the Bridgehouse, a pub located in Canning Town, in November 1977 was the line-ups first and only concert, at the same time, Moore was asked to leave as Harris decided that keyboards did not suit the bands sound. A few months later, Dennis Wilcock decided that he had had enough with the group and left to form his own band, V1, as he preferred to be the bands sole guitarist, Wapram disapproved of Murrays return and was also dismissed. Steve Harris, Dave Murray and Doug Sampson spent the summer, a chance meeting at the Red Lion pub in Leytonstone in November 1978 evolved into a successful audition for vocalist Paul DiAnno. Steve Harris has stated, Theres sort of a quality in Pauls voice, a raspiness in his voice, or whatever you want to call it, that just gave it this great edge. At this time, Murray would typically act as their sole guitarist, with Harris commenting, the plan was always to get a second guitarist in, but finding one that could match Davey was really difficult
18.
Krokus (band)
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Krokus is a hard rock and heavy metal band from Switzerland. They enjoyed great success in North America during the 1980s, Krokus was founded in Solothurn in 1975 by bassist Chris von Rohr and guitarist Tommy Kiefer. Former TEA vocalist Marc Storace joined the band as frontman in time for their Metal Rendez-vous album in 1979, Krokus was formed in 1975 as a primarily progressive rock act. Chris von Rohr, originally the drummer, switched to vocals in the late 1970s and with that formation Krokus was successful in Switzerland. After seeing AC/DC in concert in the late 70s, they decided to change their musical direction, since von Rohr possessed limited vocal abilities and was not capable of hitting the third octave, the band decided to hire a new lead vocalist. Eventually, Marc Storace, formerly of TEA and Eazy Money, was hired in 1979, with the new line-up in place, the band recorded and released the album Metal Rendez-vous in 1980, which was Krokus first hit and brought the band international recognition. The 1981 follow-up album, Hardware, was recorded at the Roundhouse Studios in London and featured such songs as Easy Rocker and Rock City, which are still a part of the bands live repertoire today. Lead guitarist Tommy Kiefer was forced to leave the band due to a heroin addiction early into the tour supporting Hardware and was replaced by newcomer Mandy Meyer, Kiefer died on December 24,1986. Meyer soon left, replaced by Mark Kohler, and teamed up with bassist Tommy Keiser of fellow Swiss rockers Roxane to start his own band, Keiser and Klaven would subsequently both join Krokus. In 1982, with new American management, Krokus recorded One Vice at a Time, which features the hits, Long Stick Goes Boom, and the Guess Who cover, American Woman. Chris von Rohr described the album at the time as the album AC/DC never made, the comparisons actually cast doubt on the creativity of the band, as many listeners now, in spite of the Swiss bands much wider musical-spectrum, began to regard Krokus merely as AC/DC imitators. Nevertheless, Krokus became increasingly popular in Europe and began to receive attention, 1983s Headhunter was awarded Gold album status in the United States and hit number 28 in the 1983 Billboard 200 album chart. The album was Krokus most successful album to date, both commercially and critically and it boasted the hit power ballad Screaming in the Night, which saw heavy rotation on MTV and would become one of the bands most recognizable songs. Judas Priests Rob Halford contributed backing vocals on the song Ready to Burn, meanwhile, von Rohr would go on to release a solo album in 1987 entitled Hammer and Tongue, which featured contributions from his former Krokus bandmates. Pushed into a corner by their own management and record company,1984 saw the move in a Glam-Rock direction with The Blitz. Though a commercial success, the album was panned critically, the band hit the Billboard Hot 100 with Midnite Maniac from that album and became the first Swiss act to do so. Capitalizing on the wave of success enjoyed by heavy metal in the mid-1980s, the then released Change of Address in 1986. The album production was way too clean and polished for Krokus, to counterbalance this, Krokus soon released a live album entitled Alive and Screamin while the band transitioned from Arista Records to MCA for the release of their Heart Attack album in 1988
19.
Uriah Heep (band)
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Uriah Heep are an English rock band formed in London in 1969. Twelve of the albums have made it to the UK Albums Chart while of the fifteen Billboard 200 Uriah Heep albums Demons. In the late 1970s the band had success in Germany. Along with Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple, Uriah Heep had become one of the top bands in the early 1970s. Uriah Heeps audience declined by the 1980s, to the point where they became essentially a band in the United Kingdom. The band maintains a significant following and performs at arena-sized venues in the Balkans, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, Russia and Scandinavia. They have sold over 40 million albums worldwide with over 4 million sales in the U. S, where their songs include Easy Livin, The Wizard, Sweet Lorraine. The bands origins go back to 1967 when 19-year-old guitarist Mick Box formed a band in Brentwood called Hogwash, when the bands singer left, drummer Roger Penlington suggested his cousin David Garrick as a replacement. Box and Garrick instantly formed a partnership and, having higher musical aspirations than their colleagues, decided to give up their day jobs. They set up a new band called Spice, it was then that David Garrick changed his surname to Byron, drummer Alex Napier joined, having answered a music paper ad, bassist Paul Newton of the Gods completed the line-up. From the very beginning Spice avoided playing covers and, according to Box, managed initially by Newtons father, the band climbed their way up to The Marquee level, then got signed by Gerry Bron who saw the band at the Blues Loft club in High Wycombe. I thought they were a band I could develop and I took them on that basis and he became the bands manager and signed them to Vertigo Records, the newly formed Philips label. The four-piece found themselves booked into the Lansdowne Studios in London, then the name was changed to that of the well-known character from David Copperfield, Uriah Heep. Uriah Heep decided to widen the sound, wed actually recorded half the first album when we decided that keyboards would be good for our sound. I was a big Vanilla Fudge fan, with their Hammond organ and searing guitar on top, Gerry Bron brought in session player Colin Wood, followed by Ken Hensley, a former colleague of Newton in the Gods, who was then playing guitar in Toe Fat. I saw a lot of potential in the group to do something very different, the albums title references the signature phrase of the Dickens character Uriah Heep. Hensley had little to contribute to the debut, Box and Byron wrote most of the material, including Gypsy, in many ways. a marriage of contrasts that, in time, became their trademark. In a 1989 interview, Mick Box recalled, The funny thing was we wrote it at the Hanwell Community Centre and you can imagine the kind of racket we were both making between us
20.
AllMusic
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AllMusic is an online music guide service website. It was launched in 1991 by All Media Guide which later became All Media Network, AllMusic was launched in 1991 by Michael Erlewine of All Media Guide. The aim was to discographic information on every artist whos made a record since Enrico Caruso gave the industry its first big boost and its first reference book was published the following year. When first released onto the Internet, AMG predated the World Wide Web and was first available as a Gopher site, the AMG consumer web properties AllMusic. com, AllMovie. com and AllGame. com were sold by Rovi in July 2013 to All Media Network, LLC. All Media Network, LLC. was formed by the founders of SideReel. com. The following are contributors to AllMusic, as of this date, All Media Network also produced the AllMusic guide series that includes the AllMusic Guide to Rock, the All Music Guide to Jazz and the All Music Guide to the Blues. Vladimir Bogdanov is the president of the series, in August 2007, PC Magazine included AllMusic in its Top 100 Classic Websites list. All Media Network AllGame AllMovie SideReel All Music Guide to the Blues All Music Guide to Jazz Stephen Thomas Erlewine Official website
21.
Blogcritics
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Blogcritics is a blog network and online magazine of news and opinion. The site was founded in 2002 by Eric Olsen and Phillip Winn, Blogcritics features more than 100 original articles every week, and maintains an archive of all its published content. The site was founded in 2002 with 50 members and has increased that number by allowing anyone to contribute. A team of editors reviews every article prior to publication on the site, in August 2008, the blog search engine, Technorati, acquired Blogcritics for an undisclosed amount of money. As a result, publisher Olsen and technical director Winn became full-time Technorati employees, one of the first collaborative ventures of the two entities was for Blogcritics writers to begin writing descriptions of Technorati tags. In April 2009, Blogcritics underwent a complete redesign and switched content management systems. In March 2014, Blogcritics was acquired by executive editors Barbara Barnett and Jon Sobel under their new company Critical Lens Media, Blogcritics has won several blog awards, including a Bloggie and recognition as a Forbes. com Best Media Blog. In addition, the site is a news source for both Google News and Yahoo
22.
Metal Storm (webzine)
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Metal Storm is a webzine specializing in various forms of heavy metal music. It is based in Tallinn, Estonia but caters to an international audience, as of June 2013, the website hosts 7,812 band profiles,7,800 reviews,553 interviews and 16,753 news items. Metal Storm users can register for free and create a profile based on their specific preferences. The comprehensive profile format allows for users to display detailed information about their taste, activity on the site. Community Points are awarded to users for contributing forum reports, band info, lyrics, news, events, reviews, and articles, with the number awarded depending on the value of the contribution. Users may also add albums to their Collection, an interactive list of albums acquired, of which statistics can be visualized in the form of pie charts broken down by style. These lists, along with the bands and ratings categories, are analyzed to compare users. Metal Storm has a forum available to all registered members, the forum is divided into many categories, including sections for discussing specific metal styles, non-metal music, general discussion and community-related topics. All comments for publications on the site are also incorporated into the forum for the purpose of convenience, the forums are moderated for spam and illegal content such as pornography and copyright infringement but are otherwise uncensored. This has caused issues with a number of posters including at least one staff member engaging in both racist and misogynistic comments, including Islamophobia. In each members Collection section, they have the option of making the part of their regular collection. Members can then browse other members tradelists and privately negotiate the trade of albums, Metal Storm states that the trading of albums is to be done at the members own risk and that the site wont be responsible for any outcomes. Metal Storm features a database of metal bands, with each band having a profile including such information as a biography, discography, lineup, genre categorization, photo, logo. All registered members are able to edit the database and submit information that is missing, before being published, community edits are moderated by members of the staff. Metal is divided into three broad sub-categories on Metal Storm, bands that fall in between two sub-categories are usually allocated based on what elements are historically more prominent in their music though there is no strict enforcement of any rules. Extreme metal This sub-category includes metal subgenres such as metal, death metal, grindcore, thrash metal. Extreme doom metal bands are included in this sub-category. Metal Storm is known for its relaxed attitude towards accepting bands that are not unquestionably categorized as metal
23.
PopMatters
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PopMatters is an international online magazine of cultural criticism that covers many aspects of popular culture. PopMatters was founded by Sarah Zupko, who had established the cultural studies academic resource site PopCultures. PopMatters launched in the fall of 1999 as a site providing original essays, reviews. Over time, the site went from a publication schedule to a five-day-a-week magazine format, expanding into regular reviews, features. In the fall of 2005, monthly readership exceeded one million, from 2006 onward, PopMatters produced several syndicated newspaper columns for McClatchy-Tribune News Service. As of 2009, there are four different pop culture related columns each week, the PopMatters Book Imprint published Joss Whedon, The Complete Companion, edited by Mary Money, with Titan Books in May 2012. PopMatters publishes content from contributors located around the globe, based in six continents and its staff includes writers from various backgrounds, ranging from academics and professional journalists to career professionals and first time writers. Many of its writers are published authorities in various fields of study, notable former contributors include David Weigel, political reporter for Slate, Steven Hyden, staff writer for Grantland and author of Whatever Happened To Alternative Nation. And Rob Horning, executive editor of The New Inquiry, karen Zarker is the senior editor
24.
Sputnikmusic
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Sputnikmusic, or simply Sputnik, is a music website offering music criticism and music news alongside features commonly associated with wiki-style websites. Over time, the site has come to be established as a source, becoming a featured reviewer on Metacritic. As a general rule, the writers tend to focus on new releases, however. In June 2006, following claims made by the MPA about the illegality of music tabs, MXTabs was closed. At this time, Sputnikmusic became its own entity, with MusicianForums renamed as the SputnikMusic Forums. It was at point that the focus of Sputnik began to shift toward providing professional content, with a news page added. As part of this shift, several features have also sporadically been provided by the staff writers, including live reviews, interviews, exclusive MP3 streams. Currently on Sputnikmusic, four classes of reviewer exist that demarcate whether content should be considered professional or not, staff Writers are the writers who contribute the professional-standard content, which includes featured articles in addition to reviews. There are currently 25 staff reviewers, three of whom act as moderators and administrators for the site. Contributing Reviewers can contribute features, but are not eligible for inclusion by either Metacritic or Wikipedia, there are currently 23 contributing reviewers. Emeritus is a given to former staff writers who no longer contribute to the site. Reviews by these users are acknowledged as professional, users includes everybody who has not yet been promoted to any of the higher levels. Despite this, they can contribute new reviews, artists, and albums to the database, edit data already present. Sputnikmusic operates a simple 5-point rating system, starting at 1, as a guide to new reviewers, each of these values is assigned a word, ranging from Awful to Classic. However, certain albums have a rating system, where users cannot rate the album lower than a 2.0. This is the case with Kendrick Lamars To Pimp a Butterfly, the staff of Sputnik have not commented on this, despite being asked. As well as showing the score a reviewer has given to the album, a page will also show the scores given by other individual reviewers. A bar chart will also show how many votes each rating has once it has received at least two and a review
25.
Terrorizer (magazine)
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Terrorizer is an extreme music magazine published by Dark Arts Ltd. in the United Kingdom. It is released every four weeks with thirteen issues a year and features a Fear Candy covermount CD, a twice yearly Fear Candy Unsigned CD, Terrorizer published its first issue in October 1993 with Sepultura on the cover and a price of £1.95. Sure, the layout was a bit ropey, with several cut out-style pictures in the section and some horribly lo-fi video stills in the Pestilence feature. Sepultura, Morgoth, Entombed, Morbid Angel, At the Gates, Coroner, Dismember, Sinister, despite this, Terrorizers pulse remained firmly on the extreme metal underground with Cradle of Filth winning best demo and Fear Factory best newcomer in the 1993 Readers Poll. Issue 11 saw Terrorizer celebrate its first birthday, covering hardcore punk in force with features on Suicidal Tendencies, Madball, Chaos UK, there was a sense that the team were finally properly honouring the magazines original pledge to cover all forms of extreme music. The first covermount CD, entitled Noize Pollution 3, appeared on issue 23 in 1995 and featured At the Gates, Six Feet Under, In Flames, Moonspell and that year, Terrorizer also launched two phone services, Deathline and Metal Mates, that were swiftly discontinued. With issue 28 in 1996, Nick Terry replaced Rob Clymo as editor, with issue 29, the new editor overhauled and expanded the album reviews, live reviews and introduced a black metal news column. The next two years were dominated by black metal vs hardcore punk debates, as the two forces then dominant in extreme music came head-to-head in the magazine. Issue 33 also featured a review of Public Disturbance, a Cardiff-based hardcore band whose members would go on to form Lostprophets. Terrorizer also featured the last ever interview with Death frontman Chuck Schuldiner in issue 59. Although the next saw the emergence of noisecore with Neurosis, Today Is the Day and The Dillinger Escape Plan, Slipknot. Joey Jordison would later reveal how he had been reading the magazine since its first issue, Terrorizer released its first cover mounted CD on its December 1998 issue and did so every four months until 2001, which it was released every two months. From 2002, every issue came with a CD, Terrorizer ended 1999 with a Christmas show that saw Hecate Enthroned and Akercocke support Morbid Angel at The Astoria 2 in London. With news of Chuck Schuldiners death, issue 97 saw him appear on the cover in tribute along with six pages inside, for 2006, the Fear Candy Unsigned was mounted on the CD along with a regular Fear Candy. In September 2007, Jonathan Selzer left Terrorizer for Metal Hammer, and was replaced as editor by Joseph Stannard, currently the role of editor is occupied by former Rock Sound and Kerrang. Staffer Darren Sadler, after previous editor Louise Brown left Terrorizer to create specialist heavy metal magazine Iron Fist. Hardcore punk, the crossover, and the legacy of punk in post-punk, industrial and goth, interviews with Deadline, Sick on the Bus, Bad Religion, Alec Empire. The special ended on a list of the top 50 punk albums, cover stars Arcturus and Opeth were photoshopped to hold the glowing covermount CD, a design that failed with the last minute change from a clear CD sleeve to a card one
26.
UK Albums Chart
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The UK Albums Chart is a list of albums ranked by physical and digital sales and audio streaming in the United Kingdom. It was published for the first time on 22 July 1956 and is compiled every week by the Official Charts Company on Fridays and it is broadcast on BBC Radio 1 and published in Music Week magazine, and on the OCC website. To qualify for the Official Albums Chart the album must be the correct length and it must be more than three tracks or 20 minutes long and not be classed as a budget album. A budget album costs between £0.50 and £3.75, additionally, various artist compilations – which until January 1989 were included in the main album listing – are now listed separately in a compilations chart. Full details of the rules can be found on the OCC website. In the 1970s the new chart was revealed at 12,45 pm on Thursdays on BBC Radio 1. Since October 1993 it has included in The Official Chart show from 4,00 –5,45 pm on Fridays. A weekly Album Chart show was licensed out to BBC Radio 2 and presented by Simon Mayo,2005 saw a record number of artist album sales with 126.2 million sold in the UK. In February 2015, it was announced that, due to the sales of albums and rise in popularity of audio streaming. Under the revised methodology, the Official Charts Company takes the 12 most streamed tracks from one album, the total of these streams is divided by 1000 and added to the pure sales of the album. This calculation was designed to ensure that the chart continues to reflect the popularity of the albums themselves. The final number one album on the UK Albums Chart to be based purely on sales alone was Smoke + Mirrors by Imagine Dragons, on 1 March 2015, In the Lonely Hour by Sam Smith became the first album to top the new streaming-incorporated Official Albums Chart. The most successful artists in the charts depends on the criteria used, as of February 2016, Queen albums have spent more time on the British album charts than any other musical act, followed by The Beatles, Elvis Presley, U2 and ABBA. By most weeks at one, however, The Beatles lead with a total of 174 weeks. The male solo artist with the most weeks at one is Presley with a total of 66 weeks. Presley also holds the record for the most number one albums by a solo artist and most top ten albums by any artist. Madonna has the most number one albums by a female artist in the UK, though this includes the Evita film soundtrack which was a cast recording, Adele is the female solo artist with the most weeks at number one, with a total of 37 weeks. Queens Greatest Hits is the album in UK chart history with 6 million copies sold as of February 2014
27.
Recording Industry Association of America
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The Recording Industry Association of America is a continental North and South American trade organization that represents the recording industry in the United States. Its members consist of record labels and distributors, which the RIAA says create, the RIAA headquarters is in Washington, D. C. The RIAA was formed in 1952 and its original mission was to administer recording copyright fees and problems, work with trade unions, and do research relating to the record industry and government regulations. Early RIAA standards included the RIAA equalization curve, the format of the record groove and the dimensions of 33 1/3 rpm,45 rpm. Since 2001, the RIAA has spent $2 to $6 million each year on lobbying in the United States, the RIAA also participates in the collective rights management of sound recordings, and it is responsible for certifying Gold and Platinum albums and singles in the United States. Cary Sherman has been the RIAAs chairman and CEO since 2011, Sherman joined the RIAA as its general counsel in 1997 and became president of the board of directors in 2001, serving in that position until being made chairman and CEO. Mitch Glazier has been the RIAAs senior executive vice president since 2011 and he served as executive vice president for public policy and industry relations from 2000 to 2011. The past RIAA chairman and CEO is Mitch Bainwol, who served from 2003 to 2011 and he left in 2011 to become president and CEO of the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers. The board of directors consists of 26 members of the board, the RIAA operates an award program for albums that sell a large number of copies. The program originally began in 1958, with a Gold Award for singles, the criterion was changed in 1975 to the number of copies sold, with albums selling 500,000 copies awarded the Gold Award. In 1976, a Platinum Award was added for one million sales, the awards are open to both RIAA members and non-members. Since 2000, the RIAA also operates a program for Latin music sales. Currently, a Disco De Oro is awarded for 30,000 units, the RIAA defines Latin music as a type of release with 51% or more of its content recorded in Spanish. In 2006, digital ringtones were added to branch of certification. In the same year, the RIAA introduced the Latin Digital Award for digital recordings in Spanish and this release format includes DVD and VHS releases, and certain live albums and compilation albums. The certification criteria is different from other styles. Gold,50,000 Platinum,100,000 Multi-Platinum,200,000 copies The RIAA opposes unauthorized sharing of its music, studies conducted since the association began its campaign against peer-to-peer file-sharing have concluded that losses incurred per download range from negligible to moderate. The association has commenced high-profile lawsuits against file sharing service providers and it has also commenced a series of lawsuits against individuals suspected of file sharing, notably college students and parents of file sharing children
28.
IGN
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The website was the brainchild of media entrepreneur Chris Anderson and launched on September 29,1996. It focuses on games, films, television, comics, technology, the company is located in San Franciscos SOMA district in California, United States. Originally a network of websites, IGN is now distributed on mobile platforms, console programs on the Xbox and PlayStation, FireTV, Roku, and via YouTube, Twitch, Hulu. IGN was sold to publishing company Ziff Davis in February 2013 and now operates as a J2 Global subsidiary. com, PSXPower, Saturnworld, Next-Generation. com and Ultra Game Players Online. Imagine expanded on its owned-and-operated websites by creating a network that included a number of independent fansites such as PSX Nation. com, Sega-Saturn. com, Game Sages. In 1998, the network launched a new homepage that consolidated the individual sites as system channels under the IGN brand, the homepage exposed content from more than 30 different channels. Next-Generation and Ultra Game Players Online were not part of this consolidation, dissolved with the cancellation of the magazine, and Next-Generation was put on hold when Imagine decided to concentrate on launching the short-lived Daily Radar brand. In February 1999, Imagine Media incorporated a spin-off that included IGN and its channels as Affiliation Networks. In September, the newly spun-out standalone internet media company, changed its name to Snowball. com, at the same time, small entertainment website The Den merged into IGN and added non-gaming content to the growing network. Snowball held an IPO in 2000, but shed most of its properties during the dot-com bubble. In June 2005, IGN reported having 24,000,000 unique visitors per month, with 4.8 million registered users through all departments of the site, IGN is ranked among the top 200 most-visited websites according to Alexa. In September 2005, IGN was acquired by Rupert Murdochs multi-media business empire, News Corporation, IGN celebrated its 10th anniversary on January 12,2008. IGN was headquartered in the Marina Point Parkway office park in Brisbane, California, on May 25,2011, IGN sold its Direct2Drive division to Gamefly for an undisclosed amount. In 2011, IGN Entertainment acquired its rival UGO Entertainment from Hearst Corporation, ultimately, News Corp. planned to spin off IGN Entertainment as a publicly traded company, continuing a string of divestitures for digital properties it had previously acquired. Financial details regarding the purchase were not revealed, prior to its acquisition by UGO, 1UP. com had previously been owned by Ziff Davis. Soon after the acquisition, IGN announced that it would be laying off staff and closing GameSpy, 1UP. com, the role-playing video game interest website Vault Network was acquired by IGN in 1999. GameStats, a review website, was founded by IGN in 2004. GameStats includes a GPM rating system incorporates an average press score and average gamer score
29.
Kerrang!
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Kerrang. is a UK-based magazine devoted to rock music, currently published by Hamburg based Bauer Media Group. It was first published on 6 June 1981 as a supplement in the Sounds newspaper. In the early 2000s it became the best-selling British music newspaper, angus Young of AC/DC appeared on Kerrang. s first cover. Launched as a magazine, Kerrang. began to appear on a fortnightly basis later. The original owner was United Newspapers who then sold it to EMAP in 1991, during the 1980s and early 1990s the magazine placed many thrash and glam metal acts on the cover but later discarded them when grunge acts such as Nirvana rose to fame. Readers often criticise the magazine for repeating this process every time a new musical trend becomes popular, Kerrang. s popularity rose again with the hiring of editor Paul Rees circa 2000 when the nu metal genre, featuring bands like Limp Bizkit and Slipknot were becoming more popular. Rees went on to edit Q magazine and Ashley Bird took over as editor from 2003 to 2005, however the magazines sales went quickly into decline in 2003 and Paul Brannigan took over as editor in May 2005. Prior to this Metallicas James Hetfield referred to their sound as power metal, with the emergence of emo and metalcore, Kerrang. began to heavily feature this musical trend. However, the revamp was not welcomed by all readers and many complaints were received about Kerrang. s sudden emphasis on emo, Brannigan took the magazine into its most commercially successful period with a record ever ABC for the title of 80,186 copies. In 2008, EMAP sold its magazine to current owner Bauer Media Group. Brannigan left Kerrang. in 2009 and Nichola Browne was appointed editor and she later stepped down in April 2011. Former NME features editor and GamesMaster deputy editor James McMahon was appointed as editor on 6 June 2011, Kerrang. s website, www. kerrang. com, was launched in summer 2001 by Dan Silver. Kerrang. ’s parent company Emap acquired the name from a Norwegian cybersquatter by the name of Steingram Stegane for a token sum of £666. Kerrang. s website is dedicated to finding out information to do with the magazine and also the latest information on the current bands. The website hosts Kerrang. s online shop, podcasts, message board, TV and radio segments ensuring even more opportunities to sell associated merchandise, launched its own online forum with the rants and raves section taking up most of the traffic. Though initially extremely popular, the number of users began to peter out around 2005 with the number of people online dropping to as low as 10 when previously it had been closer to the 100 figure. According to Alexa www. kerrang. com generates 60,000 pageviews per month and is ranked 66, since 1993, the magazine has held an annual awards ceremony to mark the most successful bands in the interests of their readers. The event is presented by music celebrities, with many others outside the industry who attend the event
30.
Rolling Stone
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Rolling Stone is an American biweekly magazine that focuses on popular culture. It was founded in San Francisco in 1967 by Jann Wenner, who is still the publisher. It was first known for its coverage and for political reporting by Hunter S. Thompson. In the 1990s, the magazine shifted focus to a readership interested in youth-oriented television shows, film actors. In recent years, it has resumed its traditional mix of content, Rolling Stone magazine was founded in San Francisco in 1967 by Jann Wenner and Ralph Gleason. To get it off the ground, Wenner borrowed $7,500 from his own family and from the parents of his soon-to-be wife, Jane Schindelheim. The first issue carried a date of November 9,1967. Some authors have attributed the name solely to Dylans hit single, At Gleasons suggestion, Rolling Stone initially identified with and reported the hippie counterculture of the era. In the very first edition, Wenner wrote that Rolling Stone is not just about the music, in the 1970s, Rolling Stone began to make a mark with its political coverage, with the likes of gonzo journalist Hunter S. Thompson writing for the magazines political section. Thompson first published his most famous work Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas within the pages of Rolling Stone, where he remained a contributing editor until his death in 2005. In the 1970s, the magazine also helped launch the careers of prominent authors, including Cameron Crowe, Lester Bangs, Joe Klein, Joe Eszterhas, Patti Smith. It was at point that the magazine ran some of its most famous stories. One interviewer, speaking for a number of his peers, said that he bought his first copy of the magazine upon initial arrival on his college campus. In 1977, the magazine moved its headquarters from San Francisco to New York City, editor Jann Wenner said San Francisco had become a cultural backwater. During the 1980s, the magazine began to shift towards being an entertainment magazine. Music was still a dominant topic, but there was increasing coverage of celebrities in television, films, the magazine also initiated its annual Hot Issue during this time. Rolling Stone was initially known for its coverage and for Thompsons political reporting. In the 1990s, the changed its format to appeal to a younger readership interested in youth-oriented television shows, film actors
31.
Rock Band (video game)
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Rock Band is a music video game developed by Harmonix, published by MTV Games and Electronic Arts. It is the first title in the Rock Band series, the Xbox 360 version was released in Europe on May 23,2008 while the PlayStation 3, PlayStation 2, and Wii versions were released on September 12,2008. All four ports of the game were released in Australia on November 7,2008, the game was to be released in Japan and to be developed by Q Entertainment but it was canceled. Rock Band allows up to four players to simulate the performance of rock music songs by playing with controllers modeled after musical instruments. Players can play the guitar, bass guitar, and drums parts to songs with instrument controllers. Players are scored on their ability to match scrolling musical notes while playing instruments, players with the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 versions can interact with players on the same platform through both online and offline multiplayer capabilities. In addition to the 58 core songs included on the disc, over 2,000 downloadable songs were released for the Xbox 360. At launch, the software was made available in a bundle that packaged it together with the instrument peripherals. Individual instrument peripherals were released at a later date, the game has received widespread critical acclaim, with sales of four million units and global revenues of $600 million. Players have made over 100 million downloadable song purchases since Rock Bands release, the games success prompted the release of six sequels, Rock Band 2, The Beatles, Rock Band, Lego Rock Band, Green Day, Rock Band, Rock Band 3 and Rock Band 4. Reusing many gameplay elements from the Guitar Hero series, Rock Band players use peripherals modeled after musical instruments to simulate the performance of rock music, players use these instruments by playing scrolling musical notes on-screen in time with the music. Rock Band expands upon the Guitar Hero series, in that it offers gameplay for drums and vocals, in addition to lead, Rock Bands gameplay and on-screen interface uses a combination of elements from Guitar Hero and Karaoke Revolution. Rock Band has up to three tracks of vertically scrolling colored music notes, one each for lead guitar, drums. The colored notes on-screen correspond to buttons on the guitar and drum peripherals, along the top of the screen is the vocals display, which scrolls horizontally, similar to Karaoke Revolution. The lyrics display beneath green bars, which represent the pitch of the vocal elements. When singing vocals, the player must sing in relative pitch to the original vocals, a pitch indicator displays the singers accuracy relative to the original pitch. The remainder of the screen is used to display the virtual characters as they perform in concert. During cooperative play as a band, all players earn points towards a score, though score multipliers
32.
Rock Band 2
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Rock Band 2 is a 2008 music video game developed by Harmonix. It is the sequel to Rock Band and is the title in the series. The game allows up to four players to simulate the performance of songs by playing with controllers modeled after musical instruments. Players can play the guitar, bass guitar, and drums parts to songs with instrument controllers. Players are scored on their ability to match scrolling musical notes while playing instruments, Rock Band 2 features improved drum and guitar controllers, while supporting older controllers, as well. New features include a Drum Trainer mode, a Battle of the Bands mode, online capabilities for World Tour mode, all of these songs, existing and future, are compatible with all Rock Band titles. Rock Band 2 software was released in North America for the Xbox 360 on September 14,2008, along with individual instrument peripherals, the software/hardware bundles for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 were made available on October 19,2008. Versions of the game for the PlayStation 2 and Wii platforms were released on December 18,2008, Rock Band 2 received highly positive reviews from critics upon release and sold 1.7 million copies through the end of 2008. The core gameplay in Rock Band 2 is mostly unchanged from the original Rock Band, players use controllers modeled after musical instruments to simulate the performance of rock songs. Players use these instruments to play scrolling musical notes on-screen in time with the music, Rock Band 2 offers single-player and multiplayer gameplay for lead guitar, bass guitar, drums, and vocals, allowing for any combination of parts to play as a band. During song performances, the game displays up to three tracks of vertically scrolling colored music notes, one each for lead guitar, drums. The colored notes on-screen correspond to buttons on the guitar and drum peripherals, along the top of the screen is the vocals display, which scrolls horizontally. The lyrics display beneath green bars, which represent the pitch of the vocal elements. When singing vocals, the player must sing in relative pitch to the original vocals, a pitch indicator displays the singers accuracy relative to the original pitch. The remainder of the screen is used to display the virtual characters as they perform in concert. During cooperative play as a band, all players earn points towards a score, though score multipliers. Overdrive is individually collected by players during select portions of a song by playing all white notes within that section. Once a players Energy Meter is filled halfway, they can deploy their Overdrive and this allows players to strategically use Overdrive to raise the Band Meter and pass portions of a song they otherwise might have failed
33.
Grand Theft Auto: Vice City
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Grand Theft Auto, Vice City is an open world action-adventure third-person shooter video game developed by Rockstar North and published by Rockstar Games. It was released on 27 October 2002 for the PlayStation 2, on 12 May 2003 for Microsoft Windows, a remastered version was released for mobile platforms in 2012, for the games tenth anniversary. It is the title in the Grand Theft Auto series. Set within the fictional Vice City, based on Miami, the game follows Tommy Vercetti following his release from prison. After he is caught up in a drug deal, he seeks out those responsible while building a criminal empire. The game is played from a perspective, and its world is navigated on foot or by vehicle. The open world design lets the player freely roam Vice City, the game was also influenced by the film and television of the era, including Scarface and Miami Vice. Much of the development work constituted creating the world to fit the inspiration and time period. Upon release, the game received acclaim, with praise particularly directed at its music, gameplay. However, the game generated controversy, with criticism directed at the depiction of violence. The game sparked lawsuits and protests while being labelled as violent, Vice City became the best-selling video game of 2002 and has sold over 20 million copies. Considered one of the most significant titles of the generation of video games. Since its release, the game has received numerous ports to many gaming platforms and its successor, Grand Theft Auto, San Andreas, was released in October 2004, and a prequel, Vice City Stories, was released in 2006. Grand Theft Auto, Vice City is a game played from a third-person view. In the game, the controls the criminal Tommy Vercetti. It is possible to have several active missions running at one time, outside of missions, the player can freely roam the games open world and has the ability to complete optional side missions. Composed of two islands and several smaller areas, the world is much larger in area than earlier entries in the series. The islands are unlocked for the player as the story progresses, the player may run, jump, or drive vehicles to navigate the games world
34.
Twisted Metal (2012 video game)
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Twisted Metal is a vehicle combat video game developed by Eat Sleep Play and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3. It is a reboot of the Twisted Metal franchise, the game was originally planned to be released in October 2011 but was delayed to early 2012. The game focuses heavily on combat, including various online game modes with up to 4 player split-screen. For example, the Nuke Mode is a new game mode where you choose a faction to play against an opposing faction. In this mode, each faction has a giant metal statue that is being held in the air by a helicopter, which the opposing team must try to destroy. In order to destroy these statues, the player must abduct the enemy leader, then sacrifice the leader to a missile launcher that will, in turn. The person who sacrifices the leader and launches the missile has to control it to hit the opposing teams statue in the air, in order to win the opposing team has to repeat the process 3 times before the statue is destroyed for a team to win. There are four factions, the Clowns, the Dolls, the Skulls, the former having been announced as being inspired by Sweet Tooth and Dollface. The latter are led by Mr. Grimm and the Preacher respectively, the first arc features Sweet Tooth, a demented, clown-themed serial killer. Formerly Marcus Kane, a man working out of an ice cream truck, he developed dissociative identity disorder and became possessed by his dark side. After slaughtering his own family, Sweet Tooth became obsessed with finding his daughter Sophie, the mid-story cinematic reveals that he came close to finding her in the psychiatric ward of a hospital, only to find she had checked out only moments before. Frustrated, Sweet Tooth decides to enter the Twisted Metal contest, after destroying the Brothers Grimm, Sweet Tooth confronts Calypso in Calypso Industries, the latters massive skyscraper headquarters. He demands that Calypso send him to his daughter, only to be transported to a coffin, Sophie had been dead for ten years. Swearing revenge on Calypsos treachery, Sweet Tooth futilely pounds on the lid of Sophies coffin, above ground, eventually, Mr. Grimm wins the competition by defeating Iron Maiden, a titanic Dollface mecha. As per his wish, Calypso sends him back in time to before the accident occurred. Unfortunately, Grimm was sent back in form and placed inside a car with his younger self and father, when the elder Grimm sees the intruder. The crash kills the father, but both young and old Grimms survive, young Grimm decides to kill his older self with the handgun under the car seat. The third and final arc features Krista Sparks, Dollface and she is a narcissistic, obsessive, and violent woman seeking to become a famous supermodel, to this end, she is willing to do anything, including sabotage and murder of her competition
35.
The Hold Steady
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The Hold Steady is an American rock band from Brooklyn, New York, formed in 2004. The band consists of Craig Finn, Tad Kubler, Galen Polivka, Bobby Drake, Franz Nicolay, in 2010, keyboardist and multi-instrumentalist Franz Nicolay left the band prior to the recording of their fifth studio album, Heaven Is Whenever. During the bands subsequent tour, the became a five piece, once more. The band released their sixth LP, Teeth Dreams, on March 25,2014, Franz Nicolay re-joined the band on May 4,2016. In 2003, Minnesota-raised singer, writer, and guitarist Craig Finn and New York City bartender, in May 2005, they were the first rock band to grace the front page of The Village Voice in 15 years. They were Blenders 2006 Band of the Year, the band released its second album, Separation Sunday, on May 3,2005. After Separation Sunday, the band moved from the Frenchkiss Records imprint to Vagrant Records, released October 3,2006, Boys and Girls in America was ranked No.8 on the Rolling Stone Best Albums of 2006 list, and first by The A. V. In 2006, they released a video for Chips Ahoy, directed by Moh Azima. In 2007, the recorded a modified version of Take Me Out to the Ballgame to be played during the seventh-inning stretch at Minnesota Twins home games. They also contributed a cover of the Bob Dylan and The Hawks/The Band song Can You Please Crawl Out Your Window. to the motion picture Im Not There. The bands fourth album, Stay Positive, was released in the UK on July 14,2008, the album was recorded in Hoboken, New Jersey and Wild Arctic studio in Queens, New York with producer John Agnello during January and February that year. Guests on the sessions included Ben Nichols from Lucero, J. Mascis of Dinosaur Jr. Emilyn Brodsky, and Doug Gillard, Finn has said that he believes the album captures a band hitting their creative peak, as well as enjoying each others creativity and company. The album is more expansive than previous releases, including solos, harpsichord. There are some bands that do five records that all sound similar, many familiar elements – sing-along choruses, extended piano and guitar solos and lyrics that deal with faith, crime, rumor, loss and love – remain. In April 2009, the released a two-disc documentary and live album set entitled A Positive Rage. On January 20,2010, Franz Nicolay confirmed on his website that he had left the band. And it takes up a lot of time and it was an amicable departure, and I think we all wish him the best. He’ll do a lot of interesting, cool things, Nicolay had said that he considered his work with the Hold Steady to be completed, saying I’m proud of the work we did together
36.
Boys and Girls in America
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Boys and Girls in America is the third studio album by The Hold Steady, released on October 3,2006 by Vagrant Records. On August 18,2006, first single Chips Ahoy. was released as a download from music site Pitchfork Media. The second single, Stuck Between Stations began to appear on radio playlists in November 2006. Backing vocals for the track Chillout Tent are provided by Soul Asylums Dave Pirner, dana Kletter contributed backing vocals to Chips Ahoy. You Can Make Him Like You, and First Night, the title is repeated in the lyrics in First Night. Boys and Girls in America has sold 94,000 albums as of April 2010, the album received a metascore of 85 out of 100 on Metacritic, making it tied with four other albums for the 12th best-reviewed album of 2006. Magnet and The Onions AV Club named it the best album of 2006, Pitchfork Media rated Boys and Girls in America 9.4 out of 10, and named it the fifth-best album of the year. They later ranked it as the 64th best album of the decade, music ranked the album #9 on their list of the top 25 albums of 2006. The song Stuck Between Stations was ranked #12 on Pitchforks list of the top 100 songs of 2006, Chillout Tent was ranked #33 in Rolling Stones list of 100 best songs of 2006. The song Massive Nights was always used at the Beginning of Colin Murrays Radio 1 Show, after the words, New music, Alternative Classics, the song Girls Like Status was featured on the album Aqua Teen Hunger Force Colon Movie Film for Theaters Colon the Soundtrack. All songs written by Craig Finn, Tad Kubler and Franz Nicolay, Stuck Between Stations -4,10 Chips Ahoy
37.
Power metal
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Power metal is a subgenre of heavy metal combining characteristics of traditional metal with speed metal, often within symphonic context. Generally, power metal is characterized by a more uplifting sound, in contrast with the heaviness, Power metal bands usually have anthem-like songs with fantasy-based subject matter and strong choruses, thus creating a theatrical, dramatic and emotionally powerful sound. Anthropologist Sam Dunn traced the origins of power back to the late 1970s. The fantasy-oriented lyrics he wrote for Rainbow, concentrated around medieval, renaissance, folk and it is mentioned that songs Stargazer and Kill the King, from the 1976 album Rising and 1978s Long Live Rock n Roll respectively, might be among the earliest examples of power metal. In his 2011 documentary series Metal Evolution, Dunn further explained how Rob Halford of Judas Priest created a blueprint for power metal vocal delivery and his almost constant high-pitched singing became one of the main characteristics of power metal. The twin-guitar sound promoted by duo of K. K. Downing, another pioneer in the power metal genre is Jon Mikl Thor, who was a strong inspiration to the American band Manowar. Another British band, Iron Maiden, brought epic and melodic sensibility to metal, creating anthemic, singalong music, the emergence of the early German power metal scene in particular was made possible by Scorpions and Accept. Swedish guitarist Yngwie Malmsteen made a significant impact on many future power metal guitarists, with his accurate and his bandmate Jens Johansson modernized the keyboard sound of Deep Purples Jon Lord, which was further incorporated into the genre. Manowars mythological sword and sorcery lyrics influenced a number of metal bands. In 1987 Helloween released their album, Keeper of the Seven Keys, Pt.1. Its volatile combination of power and melody would inspire a generation of metal bands. Power metal is associated with fast tempo and melodic harmonies. Power metal is focused on the vocalist, with clean vocals being much more prevalent than the growling vocals often associated with extreme metal. Inspired by Ronnie James Dio, Bruce Dickinson, Rob Halford, Geoff Tate and other heavy metal vocalists, power metal vocals are often in a register. There are many exceptions who sing in either baritone or bass range, many power metal vocalists, most notably Hansi Kürsch of Blind Guardian, record multi-layered vocals reminiscent of Queen creating a choral effect. Power metals lyrical themes focus on fantasy and mythology, camaraderie and hope, personal struggles and emotions, war and death. For example, Finnish band Sonata Arctica have been known for focusing their lyrics of their songs on fantasy but also have many songs based on reality, love and relationships. Some bands have even written their own stories, like Rhapsody of Fires Emerald Sword Saga and The Dark Secret Saga
38.
Stratovarius
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Stratovarius is a Finnish power metal band that formed in 1984. Since their formation, they have released 16 studio albums,4 DVD and 3 live albums, along with German bands Helloween, Blind Guardian, and Gamma Ray, Stratovarius is considered one of the leading and most influential groups of the power metal genre. In its history, the band has gone through many lineup changes. Currently, the longest standing member is singer Timo Kotipelto, who joined in 1994, Stratovarius was founded as Black Water in August 1984 by singer and drummer Tuomo Lassila, guitarist Staffan Stråhlman, and bassist John Vihervä. Under this line-up, the band released its first album Fright Night in 1989, while various changes of bassist occurred, the band released the albums Twilight Time and Dreamspace. In 1994, Tolkki decided to stop acting as lead vocalist, after the release of Fourth Dimension in 1995, last remaining founding member Lassila, as well as Ikonen, left the band and were respectively replaced by Jörg Michael and Jens Johansson respectively. This line-up consisting of Kotipelto, Tolkki, bassist Jari Kainulainen, Johansson and Michael, now recognized as the classic line-up of Stratovarius, became the longest line-up in its history. In 2008 guitarist, sole composer and main lyricist Timo Tolkki, being critical of their last album. However, at the demand of the rest of the band and he subsequently regretted his decision, stating that the current band had nothing to do with Stratovarius which he considered as mainly his own work. After a small Farewell Jörg tour in Finland, Jörg Michael departed for personal reasons in 2012, with new drummer Rolf Pilve, the band released its fifteenth album Nemesis in 2013. Their next album, Eternal, was released in 2015, Stratovarius was founded in August 1984 in Finland under the name Black Water. They went through a number of personnel, style and name changes before the band found its own voice, the founding members were Tuomo Lassila, Staffan Stråhlman, and John Vihervä. By 1985, the name had changed to Stratovarius, and guitarist/vocalist Timo Tolkki entered the band in December of that year, in 1988 they released their first two singles, Future Shock and Black Night. In 1989 their debut album Fright Night was released, which would be accompanied by a tour of Europe. In 1991 the group released their album, which was initially released under the name Stratovarius II but was later re-released in 1992 with the name Twilight Time. On this album Tolkki played bass as well as guitar on all tracks, after Twilight Time was released, Behm was fired and replaced with Jari Kainulainen. In 1994 Dreamspace, their album, was released. After releasing the album Dreamspace, Timo Tolkki decided to step down from lead singer of the band to concentrate on guitar, the band started auditions for a new singer, eventually choosing Timo Kotipelto
39.
A Tribute to Judas Priest: Legends of Metal
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A Tribute to Judas Priest, Legends of Metal Vol. I and A Tribute to Judas Priest, Legends of Metal Vol. II are tribute albums, both released in 1997 by Century Media Records. It includes several rock and metal such as Helloween, Overkill, Saxon, Heavens Gate, Blind Guardian, Mercyful Fate. Some of the songs included in this album have previously released by the artists. Both CDs are released by the US branch of Century Media, amazon. com, Tribute to Judas Priest, Legends of Metal, Various Artists, Music
40.
Glenn Tipton
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Glenn Raymond Tipton is an English Grammy Award-winning guitar player and songwriter. Often noted for his playing style and classically influenced solos. Tipton was born on 25 October 1947, in Blackheath, Staffordshire, to Olive and he attended Olive Hill Primary School when he was about five years old. His brother, Gary, was a player for a local band called the Atlantics. Early on, Tipton was taught to play the piano by his mother, Tipton learned to play guitar at age 19 with his first guitar being a Hofner acoustic guitar. He would then play on a Rickenbacker until he was able to afford a Fender Stratocaster and this guitar would become his main live guitar until it was stolen at a show. Tipton soon bought a black Stratocaster and, later, a Gibson SG afterwards with money he received to replace his old guitar, both of these guitars can be seen when Judas Priest played on the Old Grey Whistle Test in 1975. Tipton lives in the village of Romsley, Worcestershire, in the West Midlands near Birmingham, during the 1980s he also bought a property in Spain. He is or was married and has two children—Karina and Rick—born on 1981 and 1986, respectively, both of whom were featured on his solo album Baptizm of Fire Tipton and fellow guitarist K. K and this band soon broke up due to management issues. In May 1974, Tipton joined Judas Priest and this was during the recording for Rocka Rolla, so Tipton quickly added his guitar parts to the album. On Sad Wings of Destiny, Tipton showed off more of his work on songs like Tyrant, Dreamer Deceiver. Tipton also presented his own songwriting on the songs Prelude, Epitaph and he frequently played keyboards on the early albums, although those were no longer featured on any songs after Hell Bent For Leather. Although Tipton wrote the lyrics for The Ripper, Epitaph, and Prelude shortly after joining Judas Priest, from then onward, Halford and Tipton would be the bands principle songwriters with occasional contributions from Downing. The year 1980s British Steel was Judas Priests commercial breakthrough and this album combined the bands trademark heavy metal sound with pop-style song structures and hooks. United and Breaking the Law were some of Judas Priests first guitar-driven songs not to include any solo sections. Judas Priest quickly shot to rock superstar status during the 80s with their albums Point of Entry, Screaming for Vengeance, Defenders of the Faith, Turbo, Ram It Down, Rob Halford would leave Judas Priest in 1992 and the band would separate. Judas Priest would later return with Tim Ripper Owens in 1997 and this new version of the band recorded the albums Jugulator and Demolition. Both of these albums experimented with new sounds that distinguished them from the records with Halford, around this time, Tipton released his first solo album, Baptizm of Fire in 1997
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