1.
Musical film
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The musical film is a film genre in which songs sung by the characters are interwoven into the narrative, sometimes accompanied by dancing. The songs usually advance the plot or develop the characters, though in some cases they serve merely as breaks in the storyline. The musical film was a development of the stage musical after the emergence of sound film technology. Typically, the biggest difference between film and stage musicals is the use of background scenery and locations that would be impractical in a theater. Musical films characteristically contain elements reminiscent of theater, performers often treat their song, in a sense, the viewer becomes the diegetic audience, as the performer looks directly into the camera and performs to it. The 1930s through the early 1950s are considered to be the age of the musical film. Musical short films were made by Lee de Forest in 1923–24, beginning in 1926, thousands of Vitaphone shorts were made, many featuring bands, vocalists and dancers. The Jazz Singer, released in 1927 by Warner Brothers, was the first to include a track including non-diegetic music and diegetic music. This feature-length film was also a musical, featuring Al Jolson singing Dirty Hands, Dirty Face, Toot, Toot, Tootsie, Blue Skies and My Mammy. Historian Scott Eyman wrote, As the film ended and applause grew with the houselights and she saw terror in all their faces, she said, as if they knew that the game they had been playing for years was finally over. Still, only isolated sequences featured live sound, most of the film had only a musical score. In 1928, Warner Brothers followed this up with another Jolson part-talkie, The Singing Fool, theaters scrambled to install the new sound equipment and to hire Broadway composers to write musicals for the screen. The first all-talking feature, Lights of New York, included a sequence in a night club. The enthusiasm of audiences was so great that in less than an all the major studios were making sound pictures exclusively. The Broadway Melody had a plot about two sisters competing for a charming song-and-dance man. Advertised by MGM as the first All-Talking, All-Singing, All-Dancing feature film, it was a hit, there was a rush by the studios to hire talent from the stage to star in lavishly filmed versions of Broadway hits. The Love Parade starred Maurice Chevalier and newcomer Jeanette MacDonald, written by Broadway veteran Guy Bolton, Warner Brothers produced the first screen operetta, The Desert Song in 1929. They spared no expense and photographed a large percentage of the film in Technicolor and this was followed by the first all-color, all-talking musical feature which was entitled On with the Show
2.
Seven Brides for Seven Brothers (film)
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Seven Brides for Seven Brothers is a 1954 musical film, photographed in Ansco Color in the CinemaScope format. The film was directed by Stanley Donen, with music by Saul Chaplin and Gene de Paul, lyrics by Johnny Mercer, Film critic Stephanie Zacharek has called the barn-raising sequence in Seven Brides one of the most rousing dance numbers ever put on screen. Seven Brides for Seven Brothers won the Academy Award for Best Scoring of a Musical Picture and was nominated for four additional awards, in 2006, American Film Institute named Seven Brides for Seven Brothers as one of the best American musical films ever made. In 1850, backwoodsman Adam Pontipee comes into a town in the Oregon Territory to search for a bride, met with ridicule by some locals, he comes upon the local tavern where he meets Milly. On the journey home Milly talks about how she is excited to be cooking and taking care of one man. When they arrive at his cabin in the mountains, Milly is surprised to learn that Adam is one of seven brothers living under the same roof. The brothers have been named alphabetically from the Old Testament in order of birth, Adam, Benjamin, Caleb, Daniel, Ephraim, Frank, all of the brothers have red hair and all but Gideon are well over six feet tall. Understandably sad about having to tend to the needs of not one, as an idea to solve the situation. A smart & reasonable Milly decides to, marry Adams brothers off to some girls, during an attempt to accomplish this Milly teaches Adams, rowdy, ill-behaved younger brothers manners and social mores. She also shows them how to dance, at first, the brothers have a hard time changing from their mountain man ways, but eventually each comes to see that the only way he will get a woman of his own is to do things Millys way. They try out their new manners & make an attempt to begin courting the girls and this takes place at a, where they meet six women they like — Dorcas, Ruth, Martha, Liza, Sarah, and Alice. The girls take a fancy to the brothers as well, however, they already have suitors among the young men of the town, who jealously taunt the brothers into fighting during the barn-raising. At first the six brothers remember Millys teaching and try to resist being drawn into a fight by accepting physical indignities, Adam refuses to let himself be pushed around by the rival suitors and calls his younger brothers cowards for letting them get away with their behavior. The girls suitors from the town finally go too far when they attack Adam, a free-for-all ensues in which the brothers dominate their physically weaker townie rivals. Although the Pontipees did not start the fight, they are banished from the town after demolishing the barn they were raising in the course of the brawl, winter finds the six younger brothers pining for the girls for whom they had fallen fast and hard. Milly asks Adam to talk to the brothers as she fears they will want to leave because of missing the girls, Adam reads his brothers the story of The Sobbin Women, one of the books Milly brought to the homestead. He tells them that they should stop moping around and take action is necessary to get their women. Aided by Adam, the brothers kidnap the six girls, then cause an avalanche in Echo Pass so that they cannot be followed by the townspeople, the only problem, they forgot to bring the parson to perform the marriages
3.
Richard Dean Anderson
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Richard Dean Anderson is an American actor, producer, and composer. He began his career in 1976, playing Dr. Jeff Webber in the American soap-opera series General Hospital. He later appeared in such as Through the Eyes of a Killer, Pandoras Clock. In 1997, Anderson returned to television as the actor of the series Stargate SG-1. He played the lead from 1997 to 2005 and had a role from 2005 to 2007. Since 1997, he has starred in one film, Stargate, Continuum, released in 2008. He appears in the follow-up Stargate series Stargate, Atlantis and Stargate, Anderson was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the oldest of four sons born to Stuart Jay Anderson and Jocelyn Rhae Carter. He is of Mohawk, Norwegian, Scottish, and Swedish descent and he grew up in Roseville, Minnesota, where he attended Alexander Ramsey High School. As a child, his dream of becoming a hockey player ended when he broke both of his arms. He developed an early interest in music, art, and acting, for a short time, he tried to become a jazz musician. Anderson studied to become an actor at St. Cloud State University and then at Ohio University, right after his junior year in college, he participated with friends in a cross-country bicycle ride from Minnesota to Alaska. He then moved to North Hollywood along with his friend and girlfriend before moving to New York City and he worked as a whale handler in a marine mammal show, a musician in medieval dinner theater, and as a street mime and juggler. He has stated that this period was the happiest of life and has expressed an interest in teaching juggling, clowning, Andersons first role was in the American soap opera, General Hospital as Dr. Jeff Webber from 1976 to 1981. In 1982–1983 He starred as Adam in the CBS television series Seven Brides for Seven Brothers. In the 1983–1984 season, he played Lieutenant Simon Adams on the 22-week Dennis Weaver series Emerald Point N. A. S. on CBS, stealing away Celia Warren, Anderson then played Tony Kaiser in the acclaimed TV movie Ordinary Heroes, which aired in 1986. Anderson came to fame in the role of Angus MacGyver in the hit television series MacGyver. The character Angus MacGyver, also known as just MacGyver or Mac, was an action hero who was notable for using a Swiss Army knife instead of a firearm as his tool of choice. Anderson would go on to produce two movies to MacGyver in 1994
4.
Drake Hogestyn
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Drake Hogestyn is an American actor best known for his long running role as John Black on the American soap opera Days of Our Lives. Hogestyn was born in Fort Wayne, Indiana, where he graduated from North Side High School and he attended the University of South Florida in Tampa on a baseball scholarship, majoring in pre-dentistry. He graduated with a major in microbiology and applied sciences. He was then drafted by two professional organizations, the St. Louis Cardinals and the New York Yankees. Hogestyn signed with the Yankees and played third base for one of their teams until he was injured in 1978. Hogestyn began his career by entering a Columbia Pictures talent search that included 75,000 people. Hogestyn was among the 30 selected, and his first starring role was on the time series Seven Brides for Seven Brothers. After a few roles, Hogestyn joined the cast of Days of our Lives in 1986. He initially played a man referred to simply as The Pawn, however. Hogestyn quickly became a fan favorite and enjoyed many popular pairings, in 1998, while starring on Days, Shelley Long wanted Drake to join her for an upcoming series, Kelly, Kelly. He was set to star in both until the filming of the episode of Kelly, Kelly conflicted with his schedule on Days. In 1991, Wayne Northrop agreed to return to Days to reprise his role of Roman, in order to keep both actors on the show, Drakes story was retconned and his past rewritten. Despite this change, Hogestyn remained one of the shows most popular actors, the pairing of John Black and Marlena Evans is one of the shows enduring supercouples. Drakes John Black character was killed off the week of October 15,2007 and it was rumored the character was officially dead and would not be back, but Days has a reputation for killing many characters and eventually bringing them back. In fact it turned out that John was not really dead at all, as of January 8,2008, Drake was back on Days of our Lives in the role he created. Confirmed on November 17,2008, Drake, along with his long-time co-star, Days of Our Lives brought back the characters of John and Marlena starting September 26,2011. Hogestyn married his childhood sweetheart Victoria, the couple have four children, three daughters, Whitney, Alexandra and Rachael, and one son, Ben. Hogestyn is a practitioner of Bruce Lees Jeet Kune Do as is his Days Of Our Lives character John Black, Hogestyn is a master of the Nunchaku, the weapon that Lee was known for using in his films
5.
Peter Horton
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Peter Horton is an American actor and director. He is perhaps best known for the role of Professor Gary Shepherd on the television series Thirtysomething which he played from 1987 until 1991. Horton was born in Bellevue, Washington, to a father who worked in the shipping business and he attended Redwood High School in Marin County, California, and Principia College in Illinois. During his run on Thirtysomething, People magazine named him one of the 50 Most Beautiful People, Horton acted in television shows including St. He had a role in Cameron Crowes Seattle romantic comedy. He played Harry Landers in the Hospital skit from Amazon Women on the Moon opposite wife Michelle Pfeiffer, whom he had previously directed in the ABC Afterschool Special One Too Many in 1985. Horton also appeared in the 1997 TV movie version of the Jon Krakauer book Into Thin Air, Death on Everest, playing Scott Fischer and he was also in the movie Sideout as Zach Barnes, a down and out ex-volleyball champ. He directed the 1990 film for television Extreme Close-up as well as the 1995 feature film The Cure, as a producer he produced Reconstruction, Lone Star, The Philanthropist, The Body Politic, Greys Anatomy, Six Degrees and Murder Live. He appeared in Who Killed the Electric Car. and is on the board of directors of the Environmental Alliance, as of 2010 Horton is an executive producer and director of Greys Anatomy on ABC, and produces and directs NBCs The Philanthropist. Horton was married to Michelle Pfeiffer, whom he met in Milton Katselas acting class and he pried the future Hollywood star from a vegan cult, I dont believe in women being saved by men, but. I was very lucky, Pfeiffer later recalled, Peter drew me back into the world. Of their relationship, Pfeiffer reflected, I broke one of my own Ten Commandments never to date an actor and their separation was amicable, Horton later blamed it on their devotion to their work rather than on their marriage. He has been married to Nicole Deputron since 1995 and the couple have two children, Lily and Ruby and he is a brother-in-law of Egil Krogh, a former White House Plumber who was convicted in the Watergate scandal. Peter Horton at the Internet Movie Database Peter Horton at the kinozal. tv
6.
MGM Television
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From 2005–2006, MGM television programs were distributed by Sony Pictures Television. Since May 31,2006, MGM Television has resumed production and distribution of its programs on television. MGM Television has rejoined the first-run syndication market for the first time in years with Paternity Court. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer first used TV for promotional purposes having a tie in with The Ed Sullivan Show in the early 1950s. The Ed Sullivan Show, however, switched to 20th Century Fox, thus MGM attempted to have an agreement with NBC. However, this program was canceled by the Alphabet Network in mid-1956, MGM took bids for its movie library in 1956 from Lou Chesler, PRM, Inc. owner and others. Chesler had offered $50 million for the film library, MGM then offered three year term leases of film series, Andy Hardys Maisies and Dr. Kildares to TV film distributors. But decided on entering the TV market itself MGM-TV was started with the hiring of Bud Barry to head up the operation in June 1956, MGM-TV was to distribute its films to TV, TV production and purchasing TV stations. TV production was expect to start with the 1957–58 season and was to include half-hour remakes of or series based on its pictures, initial feature film sales focused on selling to the networks. MGM-TV began producing commercials by April 1957 creating ads for Knickerbocker, by April 1957, MGM-TV was sued by the United States Department of Justice for Block booking to TV stations for selling its movie library as a whole. Substitute of a film in another package for an equal value movie were allowed, as film is also individual prices based on several factors including its age. Then a discount is applied, 50% for the library,37. 5% on the 350 packages. MGM-TV was also in negotiation with California National Productions, NBCs syndicated distribution subsidiary, MGM TV started its own Television network, MGM Family Network, or MGM Television Network, on September 9,1973 on 145 stations. In 1982, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Television was renamed MGM/UA Television Distribution after the merger with United Artists the previous year, in 1984, MGM/UA TV again launched an ad hoc TV network, MGM/UA Premiere Network, with movies. In 1986, Ted Turner bought MGM/UA from Kirk Kerkorian, including all of the movies, due to a crushing debt, however, Turner was forced to return Kerkorian all of United Artists and the MGM trademark 74 days later on June 8. Though, Turner did keep the pre-May 1986 MGM television shows, Gilligans Island, thus, when Time Warner acquired Turner Broadcasting System in October 1996, the pre-May 1986 MGM/UA TV shows became part of Warner Bros. After Turners sale, the division was renamed MGM/UA Television Productions. In 1987, the TV distribution arm MGM/UA Telecommunications Group was launched under the new company MGM/UA Communications Co, MGM/UA Television still kept producing the television series Fame until 1987, the 1980s version of The Twilight Zone until 1989, and Kids Incorporated until 1993
7.
Turner Entertainment
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Turner Entertainment Company, Inc. is a media company founded by Ted Turner. Purchased by Time Warner, along with Turner Broadcasting System, the company was responsible for overseeing its library for worldwide distribution. In recent years, this role has largely been limited to being the copyright holder, on March 25,1986, Ted Turner and his Turner Broadcasting System purchased MGM from Kirk Kerkorian for $600 million, and renamed it MGM Entertainment Company, Inc. However, due to concerns in the community over the debt-load of his companies, on August 26,1986. However, Turner kept MGMs film, television and cartoon library as well as a portion of the United Artists library, forming Turner Entertainment Company. The library also included the pre-1950 Warner Bros, in December 1987, Turner acquired the worldwide rights through license, to 800 RKO films from its then-parent company Wesray Capital Corporation. On October 3,1988, Turner Broadcasting launched the TNT network, in doing so, Turner has played a major part in film preservation and restoration. On November 29,1989, Turner made another attempt to buy MGM/UA, but the deal failed, in 1991, Turner purchased Hanna-Barbera Productions, most of the pre-1991 Ruby-Spears Productions library, and Man from Atlantis from Great American Broadcasting. Shortly after Turner Broadcasting launched Cartoon Network, and later Boomerang, in 1993, Turner purchased Castle Rock Entertainment and New Line Cinema. and as a result, Turner now largely serves merely as a copyright holder for a portion of the Warner Bros. library. Hanna-Barberas current purpose as the only unit of Warner Bros. Animation is to serve as the holder for its creations such as The Flintstones, Scooby-Doo and Yogi Bear while Time Warners divisions handle sales. Turner also had a distribution sales unit, Turner Pictures Worldwide Distribution. Turner Pictures folded into Warner Bros. after the Turner-Time Warner merger, the Pagemaster and Cats Dont Dance were produced under Turner Feature Animation, Turners animation unit headed by David Kirschner and Paul Gertz. Spun off from the division of Hanna-Barbera Productions, Turner Feature Animation was folded into Warner Bros. Feature Animation, which was merged into Warner Bros. In 2003, Telepictures Distribution was folded into Warner Bros, television Distribution which meant Telepictures took over all series that were first run and distributed by TD. In the first decade of its existence, Turner released most of its own catalogue on home video through Turner Home Entertainment, THE released films produced by Turner Pictures on home video with their distributors and independently released the Hanna-Barbera cartoon library on home video. From early 1995 to early 1997, THE also distributed home video releases from New Line Home Video, NLHE distributed New Line films on video by itself from 1997 until the Warner Bros. /New Line Cinema merger in 2008
8.
Warner Bros. Television Distribution
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Television is the television production arm of Warner Bros. Entertainment, itself part of Time Warner, as of 2015, it is the worlds largest television production company measured by revenue and library. Its most notable TV shows include Friends, ER, The West Wing, Smallville, Supernatural, The Big Bang Theory, The Wire and Full House. The division was started on March 21,1955 with its first and most successful head being Jack L. Warners son-in-law William T. Orr. ABC had major success against its competition with Walt Disneys Disneyland TV series, WB formally entered television production with the premiere of its self-titled anthology series Warner Bros. The one-hour weekly show featured rotating episodes of series based on the WB films, Casablanca and Kings Row. One such segment for Rebel Without a Cause featured Gig Young notably talking about road safety with James Dean, with only Cheyenne being a success, Warner Bros. ended the ten-minute promotions of new films and replaced Warner Bros. Presents with a series titled Conflict. It was felt that Conflict was what the series lacked. Conflict showed the pilots for Maverick and 77 Sunset Strip, the company also produced Jack Webbs Red Nightmare for the U. S. Department of Defense that was later shown on American television on Jack Webbs General Electric True. During a Hollywood television writers strike, Warner Bros. reused many plots from its films and this was another example of imitating Warner Bros B Pictures who would remake an A film and switch the setting. Two of the most popular stars, James Garner and Clint Walker, Garner never returned to the Warners fold during this period. Successful Warners television stars found themselves in leading roles of many of the films with no increase in salary. Efrem Zimbalist, Jr. was simultaneously the lead of 77 Sunset Strip, in a role on Maverick. Edd Byrnes and Troy Donahue would go on to become teen heartthrobs, Warners also contracted established stars such as Ray Danton, Peter Breck, Jeanne Cooper and Grant Williams. These stars often appeared as guest stars, sometimes reprising their series role in another TV series, the stars appeared in Warner Bros. Some stars such as Connie Stevens, Edd Byrnes, Robert Conrad, depending on the particular show, William Lava or David Buttolph would compose the music, with lyrics by Stan Jones or Paul Francis Webster, among others. For the crime shows, it was up to the team of Jerry Livingston and Mack David, who also scored the themes for the sitcom Room for One More
9.
CBS
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CBS is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation. The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major facilities and operations in New York City. CBS is sometimes referred to as the Eye Network, in reference to the iconic logo. It has also called the Tiffany Network, alluding to the perceived high quality of CBS programming during the tenure of William S. Paley. It can also refer to some of CBSs first demonstrations of color television, the network has its origins in United Independent Broadcasters Inc. a collection of 16 radio stations that was purchased by Paley in 1928 and renamed the Columbia Broadcasting System. Under Paleys guidance, CBS would first become one of the largest radio networks in the United States, in 1974, CBS dropped its former full name and became known simply as CBS, Inc. In 2000, CBS came under the control of Viacom, which was formed as a spin-off of CBS in 1971, CBS Corporation is controlled by Sumner Redstone through National Amusements, which also controls the current Viacom. The television network has more than 240 owned-and-operated and affiliated stations throughout the United States. The origins of CBS date back to January 27,1927, Columbia Phonographic went on the air on September 18,1927, with a presentation by the Howard Barlow Orchestra from flagship station WOR in Newark, New Jersey, and fifteen affiliates. Operational costs were steep, particularly the payments to AT&T for use of its land lines, in early 1928 Judson sold the network to brothers Isaac and Leon Levy, owners of the networks Philadelphia affiliate WCAU, and their partner Jerome Louchenheim. With the record out of the picture, Paley quickly streamlined the corporate name to Columbia Broadcasting System. He believed in the power of advertising since his familys La Palina cigars had doubled their sales after young William convinced his elders to advertise on radio. By September 1928, Paley bought out the Louchenheim share of CBS, during Louchenheims brief regime, Columbia paid $410,000 to A. H. Grebes Atlantic Broadcasting Company for a small Brooklyn station, WABC, which would become the networks flagship station. WABC was quickly upgraded, and the relocated to 860 kHz. The physical plant was relocated also – to Steinway Hall on West 57th Street in Manhattan, by the turn of 1929, the network could boast to sponsors of having 47 affiliates. Paley moved right away to put his network on a financial footing. In the fall of 1928, he entered talks with Adolph Zukor of Paramount Pictures. The deal came to fruition in September 1929, Paramount acquired 49% of CBS in return for a block of its stock worth $3.8 million at the time
10.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
11.
Television
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Television or TV is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting moving images in monochrome, or in color, and in two or three dimensions and sound. The term can refer to a set, a television program. Television is a medium for entertainment, education, news, politics, gossip. Television became available in experimental forms in the late 1920s. After World War II, a form of black-and-white TV broadcasting became popular in the United States and Britain, and television sets became commonplace in homes, businesses. During the 1950s, television was the medium for influencing public opinion. In the mid-1960s, color broadcasting was introduced in the US, for many reasons, the storage of television and video programming now occurs on the cloud. At the end of the first decade of the 2000s, digital television transmissions greatly increased in popularity, another development was the move from standard-definition television to high-definition television, which provides a resolution that is substantially higher. HDTV may be transmitted in various formats, 1080p, 1080i, in 2013, 79% of the worlds households owned a television set. Most TV sets sold in the 2000s were flat-panel, mainly LEDs, major manufacturers announced the discontinuation of CRT, DLP, plasma, and even fluorescent-backlit LCDs by the mid-2010s. In the near future, LEDs are gradually expected to be replaced by OLEDs, also, major manufacturers have announced that they will increasingly produce smart TVs in the mid-2010s. Smart TVs with integrated Internet and Web 2.0 functions became the dominant form of television by the late 2010s, Television signals were initially distributed only as terrestrial television using high-powered radio-frequency transmitters to broadcast the signal to individual television receivers. Alternatively television signals are distributed by cable or optical fiber, satellite systems and. Until the early 2000s, these were transmitted as analog signals, a standard television set is composed of multiple internal electronic circuits, including a tuner for receiving and decoding broadcast signals. A visual display device which lacks a tuner is correctly called a video monitor rather than a television, the word television comes from Ancient Greek τῆλε, meaning far, and Latin visio, meaning sight. The Anglicised version of the term is first attested in 1907 and it was. formed in English or borrowed from French télévision. In the 19th century and early 20th century, other. proposals for the name of a technology for sending pictures over distance were telephote. The abbreviation TV is from 1948, the use of the term to mean a television set dates from 1941
12.
Seven Brides for Seven Brothers
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Seven Brides for Seven Brothers is a 1954 musical film, photographed in Ansco Color in the CinemaScope format. The film was directed by Stanley Donen, with music by Saul Chaplin and Gene de Paul, lyrics by Johnny Mercer, Film critic Stephanie Zacharek has called the barn-raising sequence in Seven Brides one of the most rousing dance numbers ever put on screen. Seven Brides for Seven Brothers won the Academy Award for Best Scoring of a Musical Picture and was nominated for four additional awards, in 2006, American Film Institute named Seven Brides for Seven Brothers as one of the best American musical films ever made. In 1850, backwoodsman Adam Pontipee comes into a town in the Oregon Territory to search for a bride, met with ridicule by some locals, he comes upon the local tavern where he meets Milly. On the journey home Milly talks about how she is excited to be cooking and taking care of one man. When they arrive at his cabin in the mountains, Milly is surprised to learn that Adam is one of seven brothers living under the same roof. The brothers have been named alphabetically from the Old Testament in order of birth, Adam, Benjamin, Caleb, Daniel, Ephraim, Frank, all of the brothers have red hair and all but Gideon are well over six feet tall. Understandably sad about having to tend to the needs of not one, as an idea to solve the situation. A smart & reasonable Milly decides to, marry Adams brothers off to some girls, during an attempt to accomplish this Milly teaches Adams, rowdy, ill-behaved younger brothers manners and social mores. She also shows them how to dance, at first, the brothers have a hard time changing from their mountain man ways, but eventually each comes to see that the only way he will get a woman of his own is to do things Millys way. They try out their new manners & make an attempt to begin courting the girls and this takes place at a, where they meet six women they like — Dorcas, Ruth, Martha, Liza, Sarah, and Alice. The girls take a fancy to the brothers as well, however, they already have suitors among the young men of the town, who jealously taunt the brothers into fighting during the barn-raising. At first the six brothers remember Millys teaching and try to resist being drawn into a fight by accepting physical indignities, Adam refuses to let himself be pushed around by the rival suitors and calls his younger brothers cowards for letting them get away with their behavior. The girls suitors from the town finally go too far when they attack Adam, a free-for-all ensues in which the brothers dominate their physically weaker townie rivals. Although the Pontipees did not start the fight, they are banished from the town after demolishing the barn they were raising in the course of the brawl, winter finds the six younger brothers pining for the girls for whom they had fallen fast and hard. Milly asks Adam to talk to the brothers as she fears they will want to leave because of missing the girls, Adam reads his brothers the story of The Sobbin Women, one of the books Milly brought to the homestead. He tells them that they should stop moping around and take action is necessary to get their women. Aided by Adam, the brothers kidnap the six girls, then cause an avalanche in Echo Pass so that they cannot be followed by the townspeople, the only problem, they forgot to bring the parson to perform the marriages
13.
California
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California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western coast of the U. S, California is bordered by the other U. S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. Los Angeles is Californias most populous city, and the second largest after New York City. The Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nations second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, California also has the nations most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County. The Central Valley, an agricultural area, dominates the states center. What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries, the Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821 following its war for independence. The western portion of Alta California then was organized as the State of California, the California Gold Rush starting in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic changes, with large-scale emigration from the east and abroad with an accompanying economic boom. If it were a country, California would be the 6th largest economy in the world, fifty-eight percent of the states economy is centered on finance, government, real estate services, technology, and professional, scientific and technical business services. Although it accounts for only 1.5 percent of the states economy, the story of Calafia is recorded in a 1510 work The Adventures of Esplandián, written as a sequel to Amadis de Gaula by Spanish adventure writer Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo. The kingdom of Queen Calafia, according to Montalvo, was said to be a land inhabited by griffins and other strange beasts. This conventional wisdom that California was an island, with maps drawn to reflect this belief, shortened forms of the states name include CA, Cal. Calif. and US-CA. Settled by successive waves of arrivals during the last 10,000 years, various estimates of the native population range from 100,000 to 300,000. The Indigenous peoples of California included more than 70 distinct groups of Native Americans, ranging from large, settled populations living on the coast to groups in the interior. California groups also were diverse in their organization with bands, tribes, villages. Trade, intermarriage and military alliances fostered many social and economic relationships among the diverse groups, the first European effort to explore the coast as far north as the Russian River was a Spanish sailing expedition, led by Portuguese captain Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, in 1542. Some 37 years later English explorer Francis Drake also explored and claimed a portion of the California coast in 1579. Spanish traders made unintended visits with the Manila galleons on their trips from the Philippines beginning in 1565
14.
Jimmy Webb
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Jimmy Layne Webb is an American songwriter, composer, and singer. He has written numerous platinum-selling songs, including Up, Up and Away, By the Time I Get to Phoenix, Wichita Lineman, Galveston, The Worst That Could Happen, All I Know, and MacArthur Park. He has had collaborations with Glen Campbell, Michael Feinstein, The 5th Dimension, Art Garfunkel. Carly Simon, Nina Simone, Frank Sinatra, Barbra Streisand, Donna Summer, The Supremes, James Taylor, The Temptations, Dionne Warwick, Webb was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1986 and the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1990. According to BMI, his song By the Time I Get to Phoenix was the third most performed song in the fifty years between 1940 and 1990, Webb is the only artist ever to have received Grammy Awards for music, lyrics, and orchestration. Webb was born on August 15,1946 in Elk City and his father, Robert Lee Webb, was a Baptist minister and former member of the United States Marine Corps who presided over rural churches in southwestern Oklahoma and west Texas. With his mothers encouragement, Webb learned piano and organ, and by the age of 12 was playing in the choir of his fathers churches, accompanied by his father on guitar and his mother on accordion. Webb grew up in a religious home where his father restricted radio listening to country music. During the late 1950s, Webb began applying his creativity to the music he was playing at his fathers church, frequently improvising and rearranging the hymns. He began to write songs at this time, but his musical direction was soon influenced by the new music being played on the radio. In 1961, at the age of 14, he bought his first record, Turn Around, Webb was drawn to the singers distinctive voice. In 1964, Webb and his moved to Southern California. Following the death of his mother in 1965, his father plans to return to Oklahoma. Webb decided to stay in California to continue his music studies, Webb would later recall his father warning him about his musical aspirations, saying, This songwriting thing is going to break your heart. Seeing that his son was determined, however, he gave him $40, saying, Its not much, after transcribing other peoples music for a small music publisher in Hollywood, Webb was signed to a songwriting contract with Jobete Music, the publishing arm of Motown Records. The first commercial recording of a Jimmy Webb song was My Christmas Tree by The Supremes, which appeared on their 1965 Merry Christmas album. The following year, Webb met singer and producer Johnny Rivers, who signed him to a publishing deal and recorded his song By the Time I Get to Phoenix on his 1966 album Changes. In 1967, Rivers released Rewind, an album featuring seven Jimmy Webb songs, including Do What You Gotta Do and Tunesmith and that same year, Rivers turned to Webb for material for a new group Rivers was producing called The 5th Dimension
15.
River Phoenix
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River Jude Phoenix was an American actor, musician, and activist. He was the brother of Rain Phoenix, Joaquin Phoenix, Liberty Phoenix. Phoenixs work encompassed 24 films and television appearances, and his rise to fame led to his status as a teen idol and he began his acting career at age 10, in television commercials. He starred in the science fiction adventure film Explorers, and had his first notable role in 1986s Stand By Me, a coming-of-age film based on the novella The Body by Stephen King. For his performance in the latter, Phoenix garnered enormous praise and won a Volpi Cup for Best Actor at the Venice Film Festival, along with Best Actor from the National Society of Film Critics. On October 31,1993, Phoenix collapsed and died of combined drug intoxication following an overdose on the sidewalk outside the West Hollywood nightclub The Viper Room at the age of 23. At the time of his death, Phoenix had been in the middle of filming Dark Blood, Phoenix was born on August 23,1970 in Madras, Oregon, the first child of Arlyn Dunetz and John Lee Bottom. Phoenixs parents named him after the river of life from the Hermann Hesse novel Siddhartha, in an interview with People, Phoenix described his parents as hippieish. His mother was born in the Bronx, New York to Jewish parents whose families had emigrated from Russia and his father was a lapsed Catholic from Fontana, California, of English, German, and French ancestry. In 1968, Phoenixs mother left her family in New York City, while hitchhiking in northern California she met John Lee Bottom. They married on September 13,1969, less than a year after meeting, Phoenixs family moved cross country when he was very young. Phoenix was raised in Micanopy, Florida, a suburb of Gainesville. Phoenix has stated that they lived in a desperate situation, Phoenix often played guitar while he and his sister sang on street corners for money and food to support their ever-growing family. Screenwriter Naomi Foner later commented, He was totally, totally without education, I mean, he could read and write, and he had an appetite for it, but he had no deep roots into any kind of sense of history or literature. In 1973 the family joined a controversial Christian new religious movement, called the Children of God, the family had settled in Caracas, Venezuela where the Children of God had stationed them to work as missionaries and fruit gatherers. Although Phoenix rarely talked about the cult, he was quoted by Arlyn Phoenix in a 1994 Esquire article as having said Theyre disgusting, theyre ruining peoples lives. In an interview with Details magazine in November 1991, Phoenix stated he lost his virginity at age four while in the Children of God and he sought to attract rich disciples through sex. In the late 1970s, Rivers family moved in with Arlyns parents in Florida, the family officially changed their name to Phoenix, after the mythical bird that rises from its own ashes, symbolizing a new beginning
16.
Sue Grafton
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Sue Taylor Grafton is a contemporary American author of detective novels. She is best known as the author of the series featuring private investigator Kinsey Millhone in the fictional city of Santa Teresa. The daughter of detective novelist C. W. Grafton, she has said the strongest influence on her novels is author Ross Macdonald. Prior to success with series, she wrote screenplays for television movies. Born in Louisville, Kentucky, Sue Grafton is the daughter of novelist C. W. Grafton and Vivian Harnsberger, Grafton and her sister Ann were raised in Louisville. The town features in some of her novels and she is a member of Pi Beta Phi. After graduating, Grafton worked as an admissions clerk, a cashier. Grafton began writing when she was 18 and finished her first novel four years later and she continued writing and completed six more manuscripts. Two of these seven novels were published, unable to find success with her novels, Grafton turned to screenplays. Grafton worked for the next 15 years writing screenplays for movies, including Sex and the Single Parent, Mark, I Love You. Her screenplay for Walking Through the Fire earned a Christopher Award in 1979 and she is also credited with the story upon which the screenplay for the made for TV movie Svengali was based. Her experience as a screenwriter taught her the basics of structuring a story, writing dialogue, Grafton then felt ready to return to writing fiction. While going through a divorce and custody battle that lasted six long years. Her fantasies were so vivid that she decided to write them down and she had long been fascinated by mysteries that had related titles, including those by John D. MacDonald, whose titles referenced colors, and Harry Kemelman, who used days of the week. While reading Edward Goreys The Gashlycrumb Tinies, a picture book of children who die by various means. She immediately sat down and made a list of all of the words that she knew. This exercise led to her works, a chronological series of mystery novels. Known as the novels, the stories are set in and around the fictional town of Santa Teresa
17.
Marshall Herskovitz
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Marshall Schreiber Herskovitz is an American film director, writer and producer, and currently the President Emeritus of the Producers Guild of America. Among his productions are Traffic, The Last Samurai, Blood Diamond, Herskovitz has directed two feature films, Jack the Bear and Dangerous Beauty. Herskovitz was a creator and executive producer of the television shows thirtysomething, My So-Called Life, and Once and Again, Herskovitz was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to a Jewish family, the son of Frieda and Alexander Herskovitz. Herskovitz attended Brandeis University, graduating in 1973 and he entered the AFI Conservatory in 1975, where he and Edward Zwick first met. He frequently collaborates with Zwick, with whom he runs the film and television production company The Bedford Falls Company and their most recent project is the 2010 film Love & Other Drugs. In 2007 Herskovitz ventured into the world of production with the original series Quarterlife, which debuted on MySpace. It garnered enough views to be picked up by NBC and aired in 2008, since May 2005, he has been a contributing blogger at The Huffington Post. Herskovitz was featured in The Dialogue interview series, Herskovitz served as president of the Producers Guild of America from 2006–2010. He was married to screenwriter Susan Shilliday from 1981–1993, Herskovitz married photographer Landry Major in 2015. Herskovitz has long been one of the industrys most active. Thirtysomething won numerous Primetime Emmy Awarss including Outstanding Drama series in 1988 and that year it also won Outstanding Writing in a Drama series for an episode that Herskovitz co-wrote with Paul Haggis. The show also received the Best Drama Series award at the Golden Globes that year, Herskovitz himself was honored by both the Writers Guild and Directors Guild for his work on the series. Traffic was nominated for Best Picture at the 73rd Academy Awards in 2001, Once and Again was nominated for Best Drama Series of 1999 at the Golden Globes
18.
Ira Steven Behr
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He was the executive producer and showrunner on Crash and executive producer on Syfys Alphas. Behr is currently a writer and co-executive producer on Outlander, born to a Jewish family, Behr studied at Lehman College in New York City. After graduating, Behr moved to Los Angeles to pursue a screenwriting career, behrs first writing job was on the dramatic series Bret Maverick. Behr left The Next Generation after a year, but two later, he rejoined Star Trek as a supervising producer on the new series Star Trek. At the start of the season, Behr was promoted to co-executive producer. The following year, co-creator Michael Piller left to produce the next Star Trek series, Star Trek, Voyager and Behr replaced him as showrunner, as showrunner, Behr reported to head executive producer and franchise chief Rick Berman. Behr went on to write a total of 53 episodes of Deep Space Nine, as executive producer, Behr was largely responsible for the story arc of the show, from Bajoran politics to the Dominion War. This prolonged and complex story was a departure from the traditional Star Trek episodic format, Behr also had a significant role in the development of the Ferengi alien race during his work on Deep Space Nine. But it was not until Deep Space Nine, which included a Ferengi character in its regular cast, Behr was involved with most of the early Ferengi-related episodes, and introduced the concept of the Ferengi Rules of Acquisition and wrote most of the rules which appeared on the show. These rules were published as The Ferengi Rules of Acquisition. Along with fellow Deep Space Nine producer Robert Hewitt Wolfe, Behr also co-wrote Legends of the Ferengi, vegas In February 2009, Behr was named head writer for the Starz TV series Crash as it heads into Season 2, which aired in the fall of 2009. Lead actor Dennis Hopper died in May 2010 and the series did not continue, the programs lead actor is David Strathairn of Good Night, and Good Luck fame. Behr oversaw the remaining 10 episodes of the 11 episode first season order, since 2014 Behr has served as writer and co-executive producer on Outlander
19.
Murphys, California
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Murphys is a census-designated place in Calaveras County, California, United States. The population was 2,213 at the 2010 census, up from 2,061 at the 2000 census, John and Daniel Murphy were part of the Stephens-Townsend-Murphy Party, the first immigrant party to bring wagons across the Sierra Nevada to Sutters Fort in 1844. They earned a living as merchants, but like many others and they first started in Vallecito, which was known as Murphys Old Diggings, before moving to another location in 1848 which became Murphys New Diggings, Murphys Camp, and eventually just Murphys. The placer mining in this location was wildly successful, miners were limited to claims of 8 square feet and yet many were still able to become rich. The Murphy brothers themselves, however, made far more money as merchants than as miners, in fact, John was so successful that he left town at the end of 1849 and never returned, having amassed a personal fortune of nearly $2 million. Roughly $20 million in gold was discovered in Murphys and the surrounding area, two of the richest diggings were named Owlsburg and Owlburrow Flat. Murphys was also a destination as a tourist resort, as the nearby giant sequoia trees in what is now Calaveras Big Trees State Park were a major draw. Like many other mining towns, fire was its bane and the town was destroyed three times by flames, in 1859,1874, and 1893. After the second fire, there was little gold left to mine. However, Murphys continued to thrive as a merchant center, supplying many of the mines in Nevada with provisions via Ebbetts Pass. The town is registered as California Historical Landmark #275, a Hall of Comparative Ovations built by a chapter of the clampers still stands in Murphys. The picture below labeled Murphys Famous Residents Wall is a picture of the Wall of Comparative Ovations at the Old Timer Museum in Murphys, the plaques on the wall are installed and maintained by members of E Clampus Vitus. The first post office was established as Murphys in 1851, the name was changed to Murphy in 1894, and finally to Murphys in 1935. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has an area of 10.3 square miles,99. 98% of it land. This region experiences warm to hot, dry summers, with average monthly temperatures above 71.6 °F. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Murphys has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, the 2010 United States Census reported that Murphys had a population of 2,213. The population density was 214.4 people per square mile, the racial makeup of Murphys was 2,045 White,9 African American,17 Native American,7 Asian,10 Pacific Islander,82 from other races, and 43 from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 223 persons, the Census reported that 2,213 people lived in households,0 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 were institutionalized
20.
Michael J. Fox
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Michael Andrew Fox, OC, known as Michael J. Fox, is a Canadian-American actor, author, producer, and activist. Other notable roles have included Marty McFly from the Back to the Future trilogy, Fox was diagnosed with Parkinsons disease in 1991, at age 29, and disclosed his condition to the public in 1998. Fox semi-retired from acting in 2000 as the symptoms of his disease worsened, since 2001, Fox has mainly worked as a voice-over actor in films such as Stuart Little and Disneys Atlantis, The Lost Empire. On the CBS TV show The Good Wife, he earned Emmy nominations for three years for his recurring role as crafty attorney Louis Canning. Fox has also taken recurring guest roles and cameo appearances in Boston Legal, Scrubs, Curb Your Enthusiasm and he was appointed an Officer of the Order of Canada in 2010. He also was inducted into Canadas Walk of Fame in 2000, Michael Andrew Fox was born on June 9,1961, in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, to Phyllis, an actress/payroll clerk, and William Fox, a police officer and Canadian Forces member. Foxs family lived in cities and towns across Canada because of his fathers career. The family finally moved to the Vancouver suburb of Burnaby, British Columbia and his father died on January 6,1990, from a heart attack. Fox attended Burnaby Central Secondary School, and now has a named for him in Burnaby South Secondary. Fox, at age 15, starred in the Canadian television series Leo and Me produced by the CBC, shortly after his marriage, he decided to move back to Vancouver. Fox was discovered by producer Ronald Shedlo and made his American television debut in the television film Letters from Frank, as he explained in his autobiography, Lucky Man, A Memoir and in interviews, he needed to come up with a different name. He did not like the sound of Michael A, Fox during a time when fox was coming to mean attractive and because his middle initial sounded too much like the Canadian eh. He also didnt like the sound of Andrew or Andy, so he decided to adopt a new middle initial and settled on J, Foxs first feature film roles were Midnight Madness and Class of 1984, credited in both as Michael Fox. Shortly afterward, he began playing Young Republican Alex P. Keaton in the show Family Ties which aired on NBC for seven seasons, in an interview with Jimmy Fallon in April 2014, Fox stated he negotiated the role at a payphone at Pioneer Chicken. He received the role only after Matthew Broderick was unavailable, Family Ties had been sold to the television network using the pitch Hip parents, square kids, with the parents originally intended to be the main characters. However, the reaction to Foxs performance led to his character becoming the focus of the show following the fourth episode. At its peak, the audience for Family Ties drew one-third of Americas households every week, Fox won three Emmy awards for Family Ties, in 1986,1987, and 1988. He also won a Golden Globe Award in 1989, Brandon Tartikoff, one of the shows producers, felt that Fox was too short in relation to the actors playing his parents, and tried to have him replaced
21.
Family Ties
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Family Ties is an American sitcom that aired on NBC for seven seasons, premiering on September 22,1982, and concluding on May 14,1989. The series, created by Gary David Goldberg, reflected the move in the United States from the liberalism of the 1960s and 1970s to the conservatism of the 1980s. This was particularly expressed through the relationship between young Republican Alex P. Keaton and his parents, Steven and Elyse Keaton. The show won awards, including three consecutive Emmy Awards for Michael J. Fox as Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series. Married in 1964, Elyse is an independent architect and Steven, a native of Buffalo, New York, is the manager of WKS. Mallory was also presented as an airhead, who was fodder for jokes. Jennifer, a tomboy and the youngest child, shares more the values of her parents. Steven and Elyse had a child, Andrew, who was born in early 1985. Andy is the youngest, on whom Alex doted and quickly molded in his conservative image, meredith Baxter-Birney as Elyse Keaton Michael Gross as Steven Keaton Michael J. Fox as Alex P. Originally, Elyse and Steven were intended to be the main characters, however, the audience reacted so positively to Alex during the taping of the fourth episode that he became the focus on the show. Fox had received the role after Matthew Broderick turned it down, supporting cast and characters includes neighbor Irwin Skippy Handelman, Mallorys Sylvester Stallone-esque boyfriend artist Nick Moore, and Alexs feminist artist girlfriend Ellen Reed. In season 3, episode 17, Elyse gave birth to her fourth child, bewitched actor Dick Sargent guest-starred as Elyses father Charlie in Season 1. A number of Hollywood stars appeared on the show before they were famous or during the years of their careers. A Jane Adams played Marty Broadie in two 7th-season episodes, They Cant Take That Away from Me, Part 1 and They Cant Take That Away from Me, christina Applegate played Kitten, a member of Jennifers band, on the episode Band on the Run. Hank Azaria played a co-worker of Mallorys in the season 7 episode Designing Women, timothy Busfield played Doug in two 1984 episodes, and Young Matt in a 1986 episode. C Jeff Cohen played two different characters, Marv Jr. on the episode The Visit, and Dougie Barker on the episode 4 Rms Ocn Vu, james Cromwell played John Hancock in the 3rd-season episode Philadelphia Story. D Geena Davis portrayed inept housekeeper Karen, F David Faustino played Keith Bailey the son of a divorced family friend who was taken away from his mother by his father in the episode To Snatch a Keith. Corey Feldman played a 7th grade classmate of Jennifer who was a nominee to win the Thomas Dewey best student achievement award on the episode The Disciple, G Crispin Glover played one of Alexs friends on the episode Birthday Boy
22.
Emmy Awards
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An Emmy Award, or simply Emmy, recognizes excellence in the television industry, and corresponds to the Academy Award, the Tony Award, and the Grammy Award. Because Emmy Awards are given in various sectors of the American television industry, Regional Emmy Awards are also presented throughout the country at various times through the year, recognizing excellence in local and statewide television. In addition, International Emmys are awarded for excellence in TV programming produced, each is responsible for administering a particular set of Emmy ceremonies. The Los Angeles-based Academy of Television Arts & Sciences established the Emmy Award as part of an image-building and public relations opportunity. The first Emmy Awards ceremony took place on January 25,1949, at the Hollywood Athletic Club, shirley Dinsdale has the distinction of receiving the very first Emmy Award for Most Outstanding Television Personality, during that first awards ceremony. In the 1950s, the ATAS expanded the Emmys into a national event, in 1955, the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences was formed in New York City as a sister organization to serve members on the East Coast, and help to also supervise the Emmys. The NATAS also established regional chapters throughout the United States, with each one developing their own local Emmy awards show for local programming, the ATAS still however maintained its separate regional ceremony honoring local programming in the Los Angeles Area. Originally there was only one Emmy Awards ceremony held per year to honor shows nationally broadcast in the United States, in 1974, the first Daytime Emmy Awards ceremony was held to specifically honor achievement in national daytime programming. Other area-specific Emmy Awards ceremonies soon followed, also, the International Emmy Awards, honoring television programs produced and initially aired outside the U. S. was established in the early 1970s. Meanwhile, all Emmys awarded prior to the emergence of these separate, in 1977, due to various conflicts, the ATAS and the NATAS agreed to split ties. However, they agreed to share ownership of the Emmy statue and trademark. With the rise of television in the 1980s, cable programs first became eligible for the Primetime Emmys in 1988. The ATAS also began accepting original online-only web television programs in 2013, the Emmy statuette, depicting a winged woman holding an atom, was designed by television engineer Louis McManus, who used his wife as the model. The TV Academy rejected a total of forty-seven proposals before settling on McManus design in 1948. The statuette has become the symbol of the TV Academys goal of supporting and uplifting the art and science of television, The wings represent the muse of art. When deciding a name for the award, Academy founder Syd Cassyd originally suggested Ike, however, Ike was also the popular nickname of World War II hero and future U. S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, and the Academy members wanted something unique. Finally, television engineer and the third president, Harry Lubcke, suggested the name Immy. After Immy was chosen, it was feminized to Emmy to match their female statuette
23.
Young Artist Awards
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The 1st Youth In Film Awards ceremony was held in October 1979, at the Sheraton Universal Hotel in Hollywood to honor outstanding young performers of the 1978/1979 season. The 38th Annual Young Artist Awards ceremony, honoring young performers of 2016, was held at the Alex Theatre in Los Angeles, the scholarship program is funded exclusively by donations including contribution from the Hollywood Foreign Press Association. The Young Artist Awards are presented annually by the Young Artist Association, originally known as the Youth In Film Awards for the first twenty years, the name was officially changed to the Young Artist Awards for the 21st annual awards ceremony in March 2000. Originally held in the autumn in its years, the awards ceremony has traditionally taken place in the spring for more than 20 years. The original Youth In Film Award was a statuette was similar to a miniature Oscar, a gilded figure of a man holding a laurel wreath instead of a sword and standing upon a relatively large trophy style base. The current Young Artist Award statuette, is a figure displaying a Five-pointed star above its head, candidates considered for nomination must be between the ages of 5 and 21 and are usually submitted for consideration by producers or by the young artists agent and/or manager. Submissions are traditionally due by the end of January to mid-February and nominees are announced about one month later at an annual nomination ceremony, winners are selected by members of the Young Artist Association. Today, the Young Artist Association has a board of over 125 members composed of journalists, agents. Winners are selected by ballot of all associated with the Young Artist Association as well as former nominees. The various Young Artist Awards categories have evolved extensively since the first awards were presented, after the ceremony is the annual banquet dinner and then dancing with live musical entertainment often provided by talented young musical artists of the day. The first Youth In Film Awards were presented in October 1979 at a ceremony held at the Sheraton Universal Hotel in Hollywood. Subsequent venues over the years have included the Ambassador Hotels Coconut Grove, the Globe Theater, the Beverly Garland Hotel and the Sportsmens Lodge
24.
IMDb
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In 1998 it became a subsidiary of Amazon Inc, who were then able to use it as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes. As of January 2017, IMDb has approximately 4.1 million titles and 7.7 million personalities in its database, the site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries. Although all data is checked before going live, the system has open to abuse. The site also featured message boards which stimulate regular debates and dialogue among authenticated users, IMDb shutdown the message boards permanently on February 20,2017. Anyone with a connection can read the movie and talent pages of IMDb. A registration process is however, to contribute info to the site. A registered user chooses a name for themselves, and is given a profile page. These badges range from total contributions made, to independent categories such as photos, trivia, bios, if a registered user or visitor happens to be in the entertainment industry, and has an IMDb page, that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDbPRO. Actors, crew, and industry executives can post their own resume and this fee enrolls them in a membership called IMDbPro. PRO can be accessed by anyone willing to pay the fee, which is $19.99 USD per month, or if paid annually, $149.99, which comes to approximately $12.50 per month USD. Membership enables a user to access the rank order of each industry personality, as well as agent contact information for any actor, producer, director etc. that has an IMDb page. Enrolling in PRO for industry personnel, enables those members the ability to upload a head shot to open their page, as well as the ability to upload hundreds of photos to accompany their page. Anyone can register as a user, and contribute to the site as well as enjoy its content, however those users enrolled in PRO have greater access and privileges. IMDb originated with a Usenet posting by British film fan and computer programmer Col Needham entitled Those Eyes, others with similar interests soon responded with additions or different lists of their own. Needham subsequently started an Actors List, while Dave Knight began a Directors List, and Andy Krieg took over THE LIST from Hank Driskill, which would later be renamed the Actress List. Both lists had been restricted to people who were alive and working, the goal of the participants now was to make the lists as inclusive as possible. By late 1990, the lists included almost 10,000 movies and television series correlated with actors and actresses appearing therein. On October 17,1990, Needham developed and posted a collection of Unix shell scripts which could be used to search the four lists, at the time, it was known as the rec. arts. movies movie database
25.
TV.com
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TV. com is a website owned by CBS Interactive. The site covers television and focuses on English-language shows made or broadcast in Australia, Canada, Ireland, Japan, New Zealand, the United States and the United Kingdom. Australia and UK versions of the website are available, at au. tv. com and uk. tv. com. CNET originally acquired the name in the mid-1990s to host a website for the companys technology-related TV shows. One of these shows was titled TV. com, the program, highlighting the best of the Internet for new and casual computer users, aired in U. S. syndication. CNET then acquired TV Tome, a television database. TV. com was launched a few months after that acquisition on June 1,2005, many of the features and content from the original TV Tome site were maintained in the new TV. com site. On May 15,2008, CBS formally announced its purchase of CNET Networks, TV. com continually looked at innovating the television-viewing experience by incorporating it with technology, as seen with the creation of WatchList. This service offered personalized TV listings influenced by user actions and social media, TV Tome was an American website devoted to documenting English-language television shows and their production. It was run by volunteer editors, with the assistance of user contributions, the site was founded by John Nestoriak III. The site had over 2,500 complete television series guides, over 3,500 developing television series guides, in addition to the television series guides, TV Tome had a forum for each television series, with information regarding episodes, their interpretation, and general discussions. A spin-off site, Movie Tome, was established in August 2003, a video game tome and a music tome were originally planned as well, but such plans were abandoned with the purchase of TV Tome and Movie Tome by CNET. On April 22,2005, TV Tome officially announced its acquisition by CNET, CNET reportedly bought TV Tome for US $5 million in January 2005. CNET announced plans to relocate the site to its TV. com domain, a preliminary version of the new site launched on June 1,2005 and on June 13,2005, the site was permanently redirected to TV. com with an entirely new layout. TV. com provides show descriptions, cast and crew listings, full episodes, clip length videos, discussion forums, episode guides may include synopsis information, a recap, credits, notes, trivia, quotes, and images provided by the networks. All textual information in the guides is user-generated, after a user earns a certain number of points, s/he becomes an editor for the guide and can moderate user submissions. The site provides actor guides that include actor bios, credits, trivia, like show pages, users can become editors for these guides after earning points by providing sourced content. The sites mobile application allows users to video content, including clips and full length episodes
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