Sexual orientation is an enduring pattern of romantic or sexual attraction to persons of the opposite sex or gender, the same sex or gender, or to both sexes or more than one gender. These attractions are subsumed under heterosexuality and bisexuality, while asexuality is sometimes identified as the fourth category; these categories are aspects of the more nuanced nature of sexual terminology. For example, people may use other labels, such as none at all. According to the American Psychological Association, sexual orientation "also refers to a person's sense of identity based on those attractions, related behaviors, membership in a community of others who share those attractions". Androphilia and gynephilia are terms used in behavioral science to describe sexual orientation as an alternative to a gender binary conceptualization. Androphilia describes sexual attraction to masculinity; the term sexual preference overlaps with sexual orientation, but is distinguished in psychological research. A person who identifies as bisexual, for example, may sexually prefer one sex over the other.

Sexual preference may suggest a degree of voluntary choice, whereas the scientific consensus is that sexual orientation is not a choice. Scientists do not know the exact cause of sexual orientation, but they theorize that it is caused by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental influences. Although no single theory on the cause of sexual orientation has yet gained widespread support, scientists favor biologically-based theories. There is more evidence supporting nonsocial, biological causes of sexual orientation than social ones for males. There is no substantive evidence which suggests parenting or early childhood experiences play a role with regard to sexual orientation. Research over several decades has demonstrated that sexual orientation ranges along a continuum, from exclusive attraction to the opposite sex to exclusive attraction to the same sex. Sexual orientation is reported within biology and psychology, but it is a subject area in anthropology and law, there are other explanations that relate to sexual orientation and culture.

Sexual orientation is traditionally defined as including heterosexuality and homosexuality, while asexuality is considered the fourth category of sexual orientation by some researchers and has been defined as the absence of a traditional sexual orientation. An asexual has little to no sexual attraction to people, it may be considered a lack of a sexual orientation, there is significant debate over whether or not it is a sexual orientation. Most definitions of sexual orientation include a psychological component, such as the direction of an individual's erotic desires, or a behavioral component, which focuses on the sex of the individual's sexual partner/s; some people prefer to follow an individual's self-definition or identity. Scientific and professional understanding is that "the core attractions that form the basis for adult sexual orientation emerge between middle childhood and early adolescence". Sexual orientation differs from sexual identity in that it encompasses relationships with others, while sexual identity is a concept of self.

The American Psychological Association states that "exual orientation refers to an enduring pattern of emotional, and/or sexual attractions to men, women, or both sexes" and that "his range of behaviors and attractions has been described in various cultures and nations throughout the world. Many cultures use identity labels to describe people. In the United States, the most frequent labels are lesbians, gay men, bisexual people. However, some people may use different labels or none at all", they additionally state that sexual orientation "is distinct from other components of sex and gender, including biological sex, gender identity, social gender role". Sexual identity and sexual behavior are related to sexual orientation, but they are distinguished, with sexual identity referring to an individual's conception of themselves, behavior referring to actual sexual acts performed by the individual, orientation referring to "fantasies and longings." Individuals may not express their sexual orientation in their behaviors.

People who have a non-heterosexual sexual orientation that does not align with their sexual identity are sometimes referred to as'closeted'. The term may, reflect a certain cultural context and particular stage of transition in societies which are dealing with integrating sexual minorities. In studies related to sexual orientation, when dealing with the degree to which a person's sexual attractions and identity match, scientists use the terms concordance or discordance. Thus, a woman, attracted to other women, but calls herself heterosexual and only has sexual relations with men, can be said to experience discordance between her sexual orientation and her sexual identity and behaviors. Sexual identity may be used to describe a person's perception of his or her own sex, rather than sexual orientation; the term sexual preference has a similar meaning to sexual orientation, the two ter

Mark Lockheart is a British jazz tenor saxophonist, a member of the Loose Tubes big band during the 1980s. After the demise of Loose Tubes, Lockheart formed jazz/folk quartet Perfect Houseplants with Huw Warren, Dudley Phillips, Martin France; the band released five albums, including two with The Orlando Consort. At this time Lockheart The Scratch Band; the group recorded two albums, including Imaginary Dances. In 2005 Lockheart put together his "Big Idea" to record the album Moving Air. In 2003, Lockheart joined; the group have recorded four albums, including Held on the Tips of Fingers, nominated for the Mercury Award and was selected one of the 100 Jazz Albums That Shook the World by Jazzwise magazine. A project of more of Lockheart's compositions was released in 2009 with the In Deep Quintet featuring Liam Noble and Jasper Hoiby; the next year, Lockheart was awarded Jazz Musician of the Year award at the All Party Parliamentary Jazz Awards. His compositions have been recorded with the NDR Big Band.

Ellington in Anticipation was released to critical acclaim in 2013. As a septet featuring Sebastian Rochford, Tom Herbert, Liam Noble, Margrit Hasler, James Allsopp, Finn Peters, Lockheart completed a UK wide tour supported by the Arts Council of England. In July 2014 Lockheart formed the trio Malija with pianist Liam Noble and bassist Jasper Hoiby as a result of a request from the Rochester Jazz Festival in New York. "Malija" released its debut album entitled The Day I Had Everything on the Edition record label in 2015. Lockheart has played in sessions with Radiohead, Prefab Sprout, Stereolab. Lockheart teaches at Trinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance and the Royal Academy of Music in London, is a regular tutor for the National Youth Jazz Collective. 1998 Peter Whittingham Award for Young Musicians for Through Rose Coloured Glasses 2001 Touring grant for the Arts for "Imaginary Dances" by the Arts Council of England 2005 Touring grant for the Arts for "The Big Idea" by the Arts Council of England 2010 Jazz Musician of the Year, All Party Parliamentary Jazz Awards 2013 Jazz CD of the Year for Ellington in Anticipation, Mojo magazine 2013 Touring grant for the Arts for "Ellington in Anticipation" by the Arts Council of England 2014 Jazz Electives Composer, THSH and Birmingham Music Service,'Are We There Yet' commission.

2016 Jazz FM Instrumentalist of the year Matheran Through Rose-Coloured Glasses Imaginary Dances Moving Air In Deep Days Like These Ellington in Anticipation The Day I Had Everything Instinct Days On Earth With Django Bates Summer Fruits Winter Truce With Loose Tubes Loose Tubes Delightful Precipice Open Letter Dancing on Frith Street Sad Africa Arriving With Polar Bear Dim Lit Held on the Tips of Fingers Polar Bear Peepers In Each and Every One Same as You With June Tabor Angel Tiger Against the Streams Aleyn A Quiet Eye With Huw Warren Barrel Organ Far from Home Hundreds of Things a Boy Can Make God Only Knows With others Prefab Sprout, Steve McQueen Jah Wobble, Rising Above Bedlam High Llamas, Hawaii Stereolab, Fluoresences John Parricelli, Alba Radiohead, Kid A Colin Towns, Blue Touch Paper Colin Towns, Drawing Breath Kenny Wheeler and Norma Winstone, Mirrors Nikki Iles and Norma Winstone, The Printmakers – Westerly Jasper Høiby, Fellow Creatures Official site

Lieutenant-General James Thomas Brudenell, 7th Earl of Cardigan, was an officer in the British Army who commanded the Light Brigade during the Crimean War. He led the Charge of the Light Brigade at the Battle of Balaclava. Throughout his life in politics and his long military career he characterised the arrogant and extravagant aristocrat of the period, his progression through the Army was marked by many episodes of extraordinary incompetence, but by generosity to the men under his command and genuine bravery. As a member of the landed aristocracy he had and steadfastly opposed any political reform in Britain, but in the last year of his life he relented and came to acknowledge that such reform would bring benefit to all classes of society. James Brudenell was born in what was, by the standards of the Brudenell family, a modest manor house at Hambleden, Buckinghamshire to Robert Brudenell and his wife Penelope Brudenell, Countess of Cardigan. In February 1811 his father inherited the Cardigan earldom, along with the immense estates and revenues that went with it, the family seat of Deene Park, Northamptonshire.

James accordingly became "Lord Brudenell", took up residence in the most grand of households, at the age of fourteen. He was educated at Harrow where, notwithstanding the fears of his family that a childhood head injury caused by a dangerous fall from a horse had damaged his intellect, he showed aptitude in Greek and Latin, he made good academic progress, but after he had settled a quarrel with another pupil by an organised fist-fight, his father removed him from the school.. He was subsequently educated at home. Here, as the only son among seven sisters, he developed into something of a spoilt child, accustomed to getting his own way; this has been seen as a cause of his arrogance and stubbornness in life. Brudenell was a fine rider and, inspired by the decisive role of cavalry at the battle of Waterloo, his wish was to purchase a commission in a fashionable regiment and serve as an army officer, his father, mindful of preserving the family pedigree from risk of battle, would not allow this.

Instead in November 1815 he was sent up to Oxford. He left in his third year—aristocrats with no academic bent were released after only two years—but despite showing some aptitude, he did not take a degree. In February 1818, during his last term at Oxford, again following his father's wishes, he became Member of Parliament for Marlborough, a pocket borough owned by his cousin Charles, Earl of Ailesbury; the intention was to give Brudenell a grounding in parliamentary affairs before he would take his place in the House of Lords. Brudenell's first action on leaving Oxford was not to take his parliamentary seat but, as was traditional for wealthy young men of the time, to take the Grand Tour, his itinerary, with Russia and Sweden included, was more extensive than the traditional destinations of France and Italy. The trip allowed Brudenell to enjoy the full pleasures of both cultural and social opportunities afforded by the countries he visited. On his return Brudenell took his seat in the House of Commons on the ruling, side of the House.

His contribution to government was minimal: he served with parliamentarians, such as Canning and Castlereagh, of great commitment and intellect and he could offer nothing to compete. On one issue, however, he made a stand. In 1829 his party introduced a bill allowing limited Catholic emancipation but his patron, cousin Charles, instructed him to oppose it. In three crucial votes Brudenell abstained, because of his admiration for Wellington, the bill's sponsor, in consequence he was thrown out of his seat, his return to parliament in 1830 cost him dearly. After his earlier disobedience he could not expect to be handed a pocket borough so, instead, he had to buy his own, he was elected member for Fowey, Cornwall, at a cost of at least £5,000. The money, was not well spent. Only two years the seat was one of those abolished in the Reform Act of 1832, designed to do away with such malpractices, he sought instead the newly created constituency of Northamptonshire North, local to the family seat of Deene Park but, despite holding the advantage that many of the electors were dependent on family's patronage and goodwill, the campaign did not go smoothly.

On 12 September in Wellingborough he was "considerabl" injured while campaigning. As a precaution he distributed about £20,000 among the electorate and the seat was won, albeit as "junior member" to his Whig rival, he was serving with his regiment in India in 1837 and did not seek re-election at the general election that year. Early in the 1820s Brudenell met Mrs. Elizabeth Tollemache Johnstone, her husband, Lt.-Col. Christian Johnstone, had been a friend of Cardigan's since childhood, according to the account of Johnstone's mother, the wooing of his friend's new wife started soon after the wedding. Johnstone started divorce proceedings in June 1824 and the suit was finalised early in 1826. Johnstone, who had received damages of £1,000 from Brudenell, was happy to be rid of her, calling her "the most damned bad-tempered and extravagant bitch in the kingdom", she and Cardigan married on 19 June 1826. It was not a

Florin-Cristian Tătaru is a Romanian politician. A member of the Social Democratic Party, he has represented Maramureș County in the Chamber of Deputies since 2011. Born in Baia Mare, he attended an arts school in his native city from 1976 to 1982. From that year until 1986, he studied at Gheorghe Șincai High School, specializing in mathematics and physics, he subsequently enrolled in the international economic relations faculty of the Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies, graduating in 1990. Between 1992 and 2001, he successively worked at two private firms in Baia Mare. From 2001 to 2005, he was president of the Maramureș County health insurance fund. From 2006 to 2009, he was a manager at the local Banca Comercială Carpatica. Between 2009 and 2011, he was economic director for the county's forestry service. Tătaru joined the PSD in 1997, he was vice president of its Maramureș County youth organization from 1998 to 2000, belonged to the party's national council from 2000 to 2008. From 2000 to 2004, he was vice president of the Baia Mare PSD chapter, became first vice president in 2011, rising to president in 2016.

He has been vice president of the Maramureș County chapter since 2001. In 2008, he was elected to the Maramureș County Council, serving until 2011. In August 2011, he contested a by-election for the Chamber of Deputies to replace Cătălin Cherecheș, who had vacated a seat when he was elected mayor of Baia Mare; the election acquired national importance, because together with a similar vote in Neamț County, it marked the first electoral test of the Social Liberal Union. Cherecheș objected to his candidacy. Tătaru's campaign director was Cristian Anghel. Facing opponents from the governing Democratic-Liberal Party, the Ecologist Party of Romania and the Greater Romania Party, Tătaru won the race with 42.7% of the vote, outpacing his PDL rival by six points. In response, President Traian Băsescu, a PDL supporter, noted the narrowness of the victory, suggesting that "the USL is and will be an electoral failure". Tătaru took his seat in early September, he was assigned to two committees and information technology.

In 2012, he secured a full term in parliament, winning 59.4% of the vote, took a seat on the industry committee. Selected as his party's candidate for the June 2016 local election, Tătaru finished in third place, with 7.3% of the vote. He married Oana Năcuță, a prosecutor, in 2008; the couple have two children

Boris Mikhaylovich Moiseev is a Russian singer, dancer, actor, head of dance group and author of popular shows in Russia. Meritorious Artist of Russia. Boris Moiseev was born in prison, his mother was being held as a disenfranchised element during the communist regime, he spent his childhood and teenage years among his Jewish aunts in Mogilev. To strengthen his health, Boris was sent to a dancing school. Since dancing took over all his interests and turned into a lifetime passion, he packed his bags and ran away to Minsk. There Boris became a professional classical dancer. Boris had all the skills to succeed as a classical dancer on the stage but he preferred modern dance. After his graduation Moiseev was expelled from Minsk because of his open, for that time, ways of self-expression, he moved to Kharkiv where Moiseev became a ballet teacher but in 1975 he was expelled from Komsomol and left Kharkiv for Kaunas. He became a head of the Lithuanian dance group Trimitas. In 1978 Moiseev created famous dancing trio Ekspressiya which became a part of Alla Pugacheva's studio.

In 1987 the trio quit working with Pugacheva and went on tours to the United States and France. The trio has existed and for a long time. In addition Moiseev was invited to work as a ballet teacher for many American shows. Moiseev came back to Russia in 1991. Boris Moiseev on Twitter Moiseev's biography Boris Moiseev on IMDb

Heptamethine dyes are a subclass of chemical compounds within the cyanine dye family and have many uses as fluorescent dyes in biomedical imaging, the development of theranostics, the individualized treatment of cancerous patients with the aid of PDT, co-administration with other drugs, irradiation. The characteristics of heptamethine dyes can be understood by comparing research data on different dyes within the family. For example, the IR-780 dye exhibits a peak spectral absorption of around 780 nm; the absorption and fluorescence spectrum of heptamethine dyes are in the near infrared region and vary on the solvent and concentration. IR-808 absorbs between 775 nm and 796 nm and emits fluorescence between 808 nm and 827 nm with a large red shift as expected in the serum sample; these absorption rates are important for their medical applications due to the image capturing capabilities. Dyes with good pharmacokinetics and fluorescence above 680 nm are considered viable in biomedical imaging due to their significant tissue penetration and imaging signature relative to background frequencies.

International patents on the use of heptamethine dyes for use in photographic use have been approved and instituted. Fuji film placed a patent titled “Heptamethine cyanine compound, near infrared absorbing ink, near infrared absorbing sheet and silver halide photographic material” in 1999 and a follow-up international patent 6072059 in 2000. Heptamethine dyes for near infrared fluorescent imaging are manufactured by such companies as Intrace Medical, Cyandye, LI-COR Biosciences - GmbH and others