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Adventure
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An adventure is an exciting or unusual experience. It may also be a bold, usually risky undertaking, with an uncertain outcome, adventures may be activities with some potential for physical danger such as traveling, exploring, skydiving, mountain climbing, scuba diving, river rafting or participating in extreme sports. The term also refers to any enterprise that is potentially fraught with physical, financial or psychological risk, such as a business venture. Adventurous experiences create psychological arousal, which can be interpreted as negative or positive, for some people, adventure becomes a major pursuit in and of itself. According to adventurer André Malraux, in his La Condition Humaine, If a man is not ready to risk his life, similarly, Helen Keller stated that Life is either a daring adventure or nothing. Outdoor adventurous activities are undertaken for the purposes of recreation or excitement, examples are adventure racing. Adventure education intentionally uses challenging experiences for learning, some of the oldest and most widespread stories in the world are stories of adventure such as Homers The Odyssey. The knight errant was the form the adventure seeker character took in the late Middle Ages, the adventure novel exhibits these protagonist on adventurous journey characteristics as do many popular feature films, such as Star Wars and Raiders of the Lost Ark. Adventure books may have the theme of the hero or main character going to face the wilderness or Mother Nature, examples include books such as Hatchet or My Side of the Mountain. Many adventures are based on the idea of a quest, the hero goes off in pursuit of a reward, whether it be a skill, prize, on the way, the hero must overcome various obstacles. Mythologist Joseph Campbell discussed his notion of the monomyth in his book, many video games are adventure games. From ancient times, travelers and explorers have written about their adventures, journals which became best-sellers in their day were written, such as Marco Polos journal The Travels of Marco Polo or Mark Twains Roughing It. Others were personal journals, only published, such as the journals of Lewis. Documentaries often use the theme of adventure as well, there are many sports classified as adventure sports, due to their inherent danger and excitement. Some of these include mountain climbing, skydiving, or other extreme sports, list of genres Exploration Tourism Travel Sports Adventure travel What is an adventure. A definition of adventure, hero and epic with an illustration of the heros journey
2.
Comedy
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In a modern sense, comedy refers to any discourse or work generally intended to be humorous or amusing by inducing laughter, especially in theatre, television, film, and stand-up comedy. The origins of the term are found in Ancient Greece, in the Athenian democracy, the public opinion of voters was influenced by the political satire performed by the comic poets at the theaters. The theatrical genre of Greek comedy can be described as a performance which pits two groups or societies against each other in an amusing agon or conflict. Northrop Frye depicted these two opposing sides as a Society of Youth and a Society of the Old, a revised view characterizes the essential agon of comedy as a struggle between a relatively powerless youth and the societal conventions that pose obstacles to his hopes. Satire and political satire use comedy to portray persons or social institutions as ridiculous or corrupt, parody subverts popular genres and forms, critiquing those forms without necessarily condemning them. Similarly scatological humour, sexual humour, and race humour create comedy by violating social conventions or taboos in comic ways, a comedy of manners typically takes as its subject a particular part of society and uses humor to parody or satirize the behaviour and mannerisms of its members. Romantic comedy is a genre that depicts burgeoning romance in humorous terms. The adjective comic, which means that which relates to comedy is, in modern usage. Of this, the word came into usage through the Latin comoedia and Italian commedia and has, over time. The Greeks and Romans confined their use of the comedy to descriptions of stage-plays with happy endings. Aristotle defined comedy as an imitation of men worse than the average, however, the characters portrayed in comedies were not worse than average in every way, only insofar as they are Ridiculous, which is a species of the Ugly. The Ridiculous may be defined as a mistake or deformity not productive of pain or harm to others, the mask, for instance, in the Middle Ages, the term expanded to include narrative poems with happy endings. It is in this sense that Dante used the term in the title of his poem, as time progressed, the word came more and more to be associated with any sort of performance intended to cause laughter. During the Middle Ages, the comedy became synonymous with satire. They disassociated comedy from Greek dramatic representation and instead identified it with Arabic poetic themes and forms and they viewed comedy as simply the art of reprehension, and made no reference to light and cheerful events, or to the troubling beginnings and happy endings associated with classical Greek comedy. After the Latin translations of the 12th century, the term gained a more general meaning in medieval literature. Starting from 425 BCE, Aristophanes, a playwright and satirical author of the Ancient Greek Theater wrote 40 comedies,11 of which survive. Aristophanes developed his type of comedy from the satyr plays
3.
Richard Starzak
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Richard Starzak, previously known as Richard Golly Goleszowski, is an English animator. Starzak was born in Suffolk in 1959 and grew up in Ipswich and his commercial work includes Domestos Big Dom, Grolsch, Cadbury’s Creme Eggs, Weetos and Maltesers and several European commercials. He then directed Robbie the Reindeer in 1999 for BBC Animation Unit, Robbie went on to win 19 international awards including a British Academy of Film and Television Arts award. Following the success of Robbie, Starzak worked for two years on a project for Aardman’s feature film department as well as directing and writing the series of Rex the Runt. In 2002, Starzak was honoured with the Award for Best TV Special for Robbie the Reindeer, Hooves of Fire at the 3rd International Festival of Animated Feature Films and TV Specials. From 2003, he directed two series of Creature Comforts – 2x13 episodes for ITV based on the Academy Award winning Nick Park short film, the first series went on to win 17 awards, and both series were nominated for a BAFTA. The second series includes a half-hour Christmas special, in between these two series, he devised Shaun the Sheep, writing and directing the pilot. In July 2005, Starzak rejoined Aardman as creative director of the Broadcast and Development department, writing scripts, Aardman’s first childrens TV series, Shaun the Sheep, was directed by Goleszowski who also wrote several episodes. Shaun has sold to over 150 territories, in 2015, he co-wrote and co-directed Shaun the Sheep Movie with Mark Burton. His next directorial venture will be Shaun the Sheep Movie 2, Richard Starzak at the Internet Movie Database
4.
Shaun the Sheep
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Shaun the Sheep is a British stop-motion animated television series, a spin-off of the Wallace and Gromit franchise. Having first aired in the UK on CBBC in March 2007 and broadcast in 180 countries globally, the fifth series contains 20 episodes and has been aired in the Netherlands from 1 December 2015 until 1 January 2016. The series inspired its own spin-off, Timmy Time, which follows the adventures of Shauns small cousin and is aimed at younger viewers, a feature-length film, titled Shaun the Sheep Movie, was released theatrically in 2015. A 30-minute film, titled Shaun the Sheep, The Farmers Llamas, was aired as a 2015 Christmas TV special, Series 5 is currently airing in the UK since 5 September 2016. Shaun, a bright and clever sheep, lives with his flock at Mossy Bottom Farm. This usually brings them into conflict—and often into partnership—with the farm sheepdog Bitzer and it has aired on CBBC in the UK from 2007 onward. Each seven-minute episode is shot in Aardmans distinctive stop-motion animation style. The comedic tone is a combination of slapstick and classic silent comedy, there are also no readable words in any episode, although Bitzer can be seen on a dog bowl, and—in series four--Mossy Bottom Farm on a gate, in the original English-language title sequence. All other signage, such as on a box or a bus stop, is replaced by an illegible scrawl. He was named Shaun as a pun on the word shorn after he was subjected to Wallaces automated sheep shearing machine. No official explanation has been given for the later transfer to the farm. Although the original series is silent aside from sound effects, a Hindi-dubbed version seen on Nickelodeon India was redone with scripts, Shaun is the protagonist of the series and, despite being the skinniest of them all, the leader of the flock. He is a clever, confident sheep, prone to mischief, as there is no dialogue, like all the sheep he communicates entirely through bleating, and often explains his ideas to the flock by drawing diagrams on a blackboard. He has a friendship with Bitzer, though this does not stop him from playing pranks on him at times. He communicates, canine-fashion, via barks, growls, and the occasional whimper and he also gives instructions to the flock by blowing a whistle. Despite a tendency to be caught out listening to music, he takes his job very seriously and he is however a generally good friend to Shaun and does his best to keep the whole flock out of trouble. Shirley is the largest member of the flock, a gentle giant, she is usually seen placidly eating, though shes intimidating enough to have defended Shaun from Pidsley the cat. Shes so big that large objects routinely disappear into her fleece, however, her size can also come in very handy when whats needed is a battering ram or similarly immovable object
5.
Nick Park
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Nicholas Wulstan Nick Park, CBE is an English director, writer, and animator best known as the creator of Wallace and Gromit and Shaun the Sheep. Park has been nominated for an Academy Award a total of six times, and won four with Creature Comforts, The Wrong Trousers, A Close Shave, and Wallace & Gromit, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit. He has also received five BAFTA Awards, including the BAFTA for Best Short Animation for A Matter of Loaf and Death and his 2000 film Chicken Run is the highest-grossing stop motion animated film. For his work in animation, in 2012, Park was among the British cultural icons selected by artist Sir Peter Blake to appear in a new version of his most famous artwork – the Beatles Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band album cover – to celebrate the British cultural figures of his life, Park was born in Brookfield Park in Preston, Lancashire in the north-west of England to Mary Cecilia Ashton, a seamstress, and Roger Wulstan Park, an architectural photographer. The middle child of five siblings, Park grew up on Greenlands Estate, the later moved to Walmer Bridge. His sister Janet lives in Longton and he attended Cuthbert Mayne High School. He grew up with a keen interest in drawing cartoons, and as a 13-year-old made films with the help of his mother and her movie camera. He also took after his father, an inventor. He studied Communication Arts at Sheffield City Polytechnic and then went to the National Film and Television School, in 1985, he joined the staff of Aardman Animations in Bristol, where he worked as an animator on commercial products. He also had a part in animating the Pee-wees Playhouse which featured Paul Reubens, along with all this, he had finally completed A Grand Day Out, and with that in post-production, he made Creature Comforts as his contribution to a series of shorts called Lip Synch. Creature Comforts matched animated zoo animals with a soundtrack of people talking about their homes, the two films were nominated for a host of awards. A Grand Day Out beat Creature Comforts for the BAFTA award, in 1990 Park worked alongside advertising agency GGK to develop a series of highly acclaimed television advertisements for the Heat Electric campaign. The Creature Comforts advertisements are now regarded as among the best advertisements ever shown on British television, as voted by viewers of the UKs main commercial channels ITV, two more Wallace and Gromit shorts, The Wrong Trousers and A Close Shave, followed, both winning Oscars. He then made his first feature-length film, Chicken Run, co-directed with Aardman founder Peter Lord and he also supervised a new series of Creature Comforts films for British television in 2003. On 10 October 2005, a fire gutted Aardman Animations archive warehouse, the fire resulted in the loss of most of Parks creations, including the models and sets used in the movie Chicken Run. Some of the original Wallace & Gromit models and sets, as well as the prints of the finished films, were elsewhere. Parks most recent work includes a US version of Creature Comforts, in the series, Americans were interviewed about a range of subjects
6.
Peter Lord
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For the art historian see Peter Lord. Which was nominated for Best Animated Feature at the 85th Academy Awards, Lord is the executive producer of every Aardman work, including Shaun the Sheep Movie and Arthur Christmas. Lord was born in Bristol, England, in co-operation with David Sproxton, a friend of his youth, he realised his dream of making and taking an animated movie. He graduated in English from the University of York in 1976 and he and Sproxton founded Aardman as a low-budget backyard studio, producing shorts and trailers for publicity. Their work was first shown as part of the BBC TV series Vision On, in 1977 they created Morph, a stop-motion animated character made of Plasticine, who was usually a comic foil to the TV presenter Tony Hart. With his alter-ego Chas, he appeared in a series of childrens art programmes including Take Hart, Hartbeat, from 1980-1981, Morph appeared in his own TV series The Amazing Adventures of Morph. Experiments with animated clay characters synchronised with live recorded soundtracks led to a series of films in the style of animated documentary, the first two were part of the BBC TV series Animated Conversations and were called Down and Out and Confessions of a Foyer Girl. These were followed in 1983 by Conversation Pieces, a series of long films produced for Channel 4. They were called On Probation, Sales Pitch, Palmy Days, Late Edition, in 1985 Nick Park joined the group. Lord, Park and Sproxton developed and finalised their style of detailed, in 1991 Lord animated Adam, a 6-minute clay animation that was nominated for an Academy Award. Park created the odd-couple Wallace and Gromit-shorts in co-operation with Lord, all three together worked as producers, editors and directors. Other awarded productions by Peter Lord are Chicken Run, the first feature film from Aardman, in 2006, Lord, Sproxton and Park were all given the Freedom of the City of Bristol. In that same year, Lord visited the Aardman Exhibit at the Ghibli Museum in Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan, Miyazaki has long been a fan of the Aardman Animation works. In 2013 Lord was nominated for Best Animated Feature at the 85th Academy Awards for Pirates, Lord was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire on 17 June 2006. On 9 July 2015, Lord received a Gold Blue Peter badge
