The siege of Mecca occurred at the end of the Second Fitna in 692 when the forces of the Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan besieged and defeated his rival, the caliph Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr in his center of power, the Islamic holy city of Mecca.
Mecca was attacked with catapults from a nearby mountain
Hajjaj restored it to the pre-Zubayrid plan, which persists to this day.
The Second Fitna was a period of general political and military disorder and civil war in the Islamic community during the early Umayyad Caliphate. It followed the death of the first Umayyad caliph Mu'awiya I in 680, and lasted for about twelve years. The war involved the suppression of two challenges to the Umayyad dynasty, the first by Husayn ibn Ali, as well as his supporters including Sulayman ibn Surad and Mukhtar al-Thaqafi who rallied for his revenge in Iraq, and the second by Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr.
Battle of Karbala depicted by Abbas Al-Musavi, late 19th century to early 20th century.
Sasanian-style dirham of Ibn al-Zubayr
First Umayyad gold dinar allegedly depicting Abd al-Malik
Ashura procession in Tehran