1.
London, Ontario
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London is a city in Southwestern Ontario, Canada along the Quebec City–Windsor Corridor. The city has a population of 383,822 according to the 2016 Canadian census, London is at the confluence of the Thames River, approximately halfway between Toronto, Ontario and Detroit, Michigan. The City of London is a municipality, politically separate from Middlesex County. London and the Thames were named in 1793 by John Graves Simcoe, the first European settlement was between 1801 and 1804 by Peter Hagerman. The village was founded in 1826 and incorporated in 1855, since then, London has grown to be the largest Southwestern Ontario municipality and Canadas 11th largest metropolitan area, having annexed many of the smaller communities that surrounded it. London is a centre of health care and education, being home to the University of Western Ontario, Fanshawe College. Londons university and hospitals are among its top ten employers, London lies at the junction of Highway 401 and 402, connecting it to Toronto, Windsor, and Sarnia. It also has an airport, train and bus station. Prior to European contact in the 18th century, the present site of London was occupied by several Neutral, Odawa, archaeological investigations in the region indicate that aboriginal people have resided in the area for at least the past 10,000 years. The current location of London was selected as the site of the capital of Upper Canada in 1793 by Lieutenant-Governor John Graves Simcoe. Simcoe intended to name the settlement Georgina, in honour of King George III, however, the choice of a capital site in the midst of extensive hardwood forests was rejected by Guy Carleton. In 1814, there was a skirmish during the War of 1812 in what is now southwest London at Reservoir Hill, the village of London, named after the English capital of London, was not founded until 1826, and not as the capital Simcoe envisioned. Rather, it was a seat for the area west of the actual capital. At the time, Crown and clergy reserves were receiving preference in the rest of Ontario, in 1832, the new settlement suffered an outbreak of cholera. London proved a centre of strong Tory support during the Upper Canada Rebellion of 1837, London was incorporated as a town in 1840. On 13 April 1845, fire destroyed much of London, which was at the time largely constructed of wooden buildings, one of the first casualties was the towns only fire engine. This fire burned nearly 30 acres of land destroying 150 buildings before burning itself out later the same day, one-fifth of London was destroyed and this was the provinces first million dollar fire. Sir John Carling, Tory MP for London, gave three events to explain the development of London in a 1901 speech
2.
Reporting mark
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A reporting mark is an alphabetic code of one to four letters used to identify owners or lessees of rolling stock and other equipment used on certain railroad networks. In North America the mark, which consists of an code of one to four letters, is stenciled on each piece of equipment. The Association of American Railroads assigns marks to all carriers, under authority granted by the U. S, surface Transportation Board, Transport Canada, and Mexican Government. Under current practice, the first letter must match the initial letter of the railroad name, as it also acts as a Standard Carrier Alpha Code, the reporting mark cannot conflict with codes in use by other nonrail carriers. In another example, the mark for state-funded Amtrak services in California is CDTX because the state transportation agency owns the equipment used in these services. This is why the reporting mark for CSX Transportation, which is a railroad, is CSXT instead of CSX. This often resulted in five-letter reporting marks, an option not otherwise allowed by the AAR, the standard ISO6346 covers identifiers for intermodal containers. When the owner of a mark is taken over by another company. For example, when the Union Pacific Railroad acquired the Chicago and North Western Railway in the 1990s, some companies own several marks that are used to identify different classes of cars, such as boxcars or gondolas. If the acquiring company discontinues the name or mark of the acquired company, occasionally, long-disused marks are suddenly revived by the companies which now own them. For example, in recent years, the Union Pacific Railroad has begun to use the mark CMO on newly built covered hoppers, gondolas, CMO originally belonged to a predecessor of the CNW, which passed it on to them, from which the UP inherited it. Some of these still retain their temporary NYC marks. Because of its size, this list has been split into subpages based on the first letter of the reporting mark, railinc, a subsidiary of the AAR, maintains the active reporting marks for the North American rail industry. Railinc offers a free online look-up of reporting marks and other industry reference files through the Railincs Freight Rail 411 website, a railway vehicle must be registered in a national vehicle register using a 12-digit number derived from the old UIC system of vehicle numbering. The number contains the country in the third and fourth digit. The VKM must not contain special signs or digits, the VKM is preceded by the code for the country, where the vehicle is registered and a hyphen. Some examples, When a vehicle is sold it does not normally be transferred to another register, the Czech railways bought large numbers of coaches from ÖBB. The number remained the same but the VKM changed from A-ÖBB to A-ČD, the UIC introduced a uniform numbering system for their members based on a 12-digit number, largely known as UIC number
3.
Southern Ontario
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Southern Ontario is a primary region of the province of Ontario, Canada, the other primary region being Northern Ontario. It is the most densely populated and southernmost region in Canada, situated south of Algonquin Park, it covers between 14 and 15% of the province, depending on the inclusion of the Parry Sound and Muskoka districts. The region is home to one-third of Canadas population, Southern Ontario differs greatly from Northern Ontario, in that it has a larger population, different climate, and different culture than its northern counterpart. It is broken into smaller subregions, including Central Ontario, Eastern Ontario, Southwestern Ontario, Southern Ontario is part of the Quebec City–Windsor Corridor, which extends northeast into Quebec. Southern Ontario can be distinguished from Northern Ontario because it is far more densely populated and contains the majority of the cities, major roads. Northern Ontario, in contrast, contains natural resources and remote wilderness. Although it has no coastline, the region has an abundance of freshwater coastlines on three Great Lakes, as well as smaller lakes such as Lake Simcoe and Lake St. Clair. It is a vineyard region and producer of Canadian wines. Territorial Southern Ontario was explored and colonized by the French in the 17th century, Southern Ontario was where a large portion of the battles took place during the War of 1812, and was a major destination for escaping slaves using the underground railroad. Following the enactment of Prohibition in the United States in 1919, Southern Ontario is home to over 94%, or 12.1 million, of Ontarios total population of 12.9 million people, compared to approximately 750,000 in Northern Ontario. For thousands of years, Ontario has been home to aboriginal communities. Over 200,000 aboriginal Canadians live in Southern Ontario today, Southern Ontario was colonized by the French and the British. Since the late 20th century, many immigrants have come from Asia, the region is one of the top destinations for immigrants worldwide, particularly the Greater Toronto Area. The area has a manufacturing sector. Since the mid-2000s, Ontario has produced more vehicles per year than the state of Michigan, in a cross-border definition, a swath of Southern Ontario could be considered a part of the Rust Belt. Factory closings because of restructuring, globalization have for the past few decades taken their toll. This is most evident in the southern tier cities which have large automobile or associated industrial bases, such as Windsor, London, St. Thomas. Still affected by these factors but to an extent is Hamilton, the centre of steel production, and Sarnia
4.
Canadian National Railway
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The Canadian National Railway Company is a Canadian Class I railway headquartered in Montreal, Quebec that serves Canada and the Midwestern and Southern United States. CNs slogan is North Americas Railroad, CN is a public company with 24,000 employees. It had a capitalization of 32 billion CAD in 2011. CN was government-owned, having been a Canadian Crown corporation from its founding to its privatization in 1995, bill Gates was, in 2011, the largest single shareholder of CN stock. Its range once reached across the island of Newfoundland until 1988, the railway was referred to as the Canadian National Railways between 1918 and 1960, and as Canadian National/Canadien National from 1960 to the present. On November 17,1995, the government privatized CN. Over the next decade, the company expanded significantly into the United States, purchasing Illinois Central Railroad and Wisconsin Central Transportation, now primarily a freight railway, CN also operated passenger services until 1978, when they were assumed by Via Rail. The Newfoundland mixed trains lasted until 1988, while the Montreal commuter trains are now operated by Montreals AMT, the absorption of the Intercolonial Railway would see CNR adopt that systems slogan The Peoples Railway. The federal governments Department of Railways and Canals took over operation of the GTPR until July 12,1920, the Canadian National Railway was organized on October 10,1922. After several years of arbitration, the GTR was absorbed into CNR on January 30,1923, Canadian National Railways was born out of both wartime and domestic urgency. Railways, until the rise of the automobile and creation of taxpayer-funded all-weather highways, were the only viable long-distance land transportation available in Canada for many years. As such, their operation consumed a great deal of public, in the early 20th century, many governments were taking a more interventionist role in the economy, foreshadowing the influence of economists like John Maynard Keynes. This political trend, combined with broader geo-political events, made nationalization an appealing choice for Canada, the Winnipeg General Strike of 1919 and allied involvement in the Russian Revolution seemed to validate the continuing process. The need for a rail system was paramount in a time of civil unrest. CN Telegraph originated as the Great North West Telegraph Company in 1880 to connect Ontario and Manitoba, in 1915, facing bankruptcy, GNWTC was acquired by the Canadian Northern Railways telegraph company. When Canadian Northern was nationalized in 1918 and amalgamated into Canadian National Railways in 1921, CN Telegraphs began co-operating with its Canadian Pacific owned rival CPR Telegraphs in the 1930s, sharing telegraph networks and co-founding a teleprinter system in 1957. In 1967 the two services were amalgamated into a joint venture CNCP Telecommunications which evolved into a telecoms company, CN sold its stake of the company to CP in 1984. This led to the creation of a network of CNR radio stations across the country, as anyone in the vicinity of a station could hear its broadcasts the networks audience extended far beyond train passengers to the public at large
5.
Track gauge
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In rail transport, track gauge is the spacing of the rails on a railway track and is measured between the inner faces of the load-bearing rails. All vehicles on a network must have running gear that is compatible with the track gauge, as the dominant parameter determining interoperability, it is still frequently used as a descriptor of a route or network. There is a distinction between the gauge and actual gauge at some locality, due to divergence of track components from the nominal. Railway engineers use a device, like a caliper, to measure the actual gauge, the nominal track gauge is the distance between the inner faces of the rails. In current practice, it is specified at a distance below the rail head as the inner faces of the rail head are not necessarily vertical. In some cases in the earliest days of railways, the company saw itself as an infrastructure provider only. Colloquially the wagons might be referred to as four-foot gauge wagons, say and this nominal value does not equate to the flange spacing, as some freedom is allowed for. An infrastructure manager might specify new or replacement track components at a variation from the nominal gauge for pragmatic reasons. Track is defined in old Imperial units or in universally accepted metric units or SI units, Imperial units were established in United Kingdom by The Weights and Measures Act of 1824. In addition, there are constraints, such as the load-carrying capacity of axles. Narrow gauge railways usually cost less to build because they are lighter in construction, using smaller cars and locomotives, as well as smaller bridges, smaller tunnels. Narrow gauge is often used in mountainous terrain, where the savings in civil engineering work can be substantial. Broader gauge railways are generally expensive to build and require wider curves. There is no single perfect gauge, because different environments and economic considerations come into play, a narrow gauge is superior if ones main considerations are economy and tight curvature. For direct, unimpeded routes with high traffic, a broad gauge may be preferable, the Standard, Russian, and 46 gauges are designed to strike a reasonable balance between these factors. In addition to the general trade-off, another important factor is standardization, once a standard has been chosen, and equipment, infrastructure, and training calibrated to that standard, conversion becomes difficult and expensive. This also makes it easier to adopt an existing standard than to invent a new one and this is true of many technologies, including railroad gauges. The reduced cost, greater efficiency, and greater economic opportunity offered by the use of a common standard explains why a number of gauges predominate worldwide
6.
Standard gauge
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The standard gauge is a widely used railway track gauge. Approximately 55% of the lines in the world are this gauge, all high-speed rail lines, except those in Russia, Uzbekistan, and Finland, are standard gauge. The distance between the edges of the rails is defined to be 1435 mm except in the United States. It is also called the UIC gauge or UIC track gauge, as railways developed and expanded, one of the key issues was the track gauge to be used. The result was the adoption throughout a large part of the world of a gauge of 1435 mm. In North East England, some lines in colliery areas were 4 ft 8 in. All these lines had been widened to standard gauge by 1846, parts of the United States, mainly in the Northeast, adopted the same gauge, because some early trains were purchased from Britain. However, until well into the half of the 19th century, Britain. The American gauges converged as the advantages of equipment interchange became increasingly apparent, notably, all the 5 ft broad gauge track in the South was converted to standard gauge over the course of two days beginning on 31 May 1886. See Track gauge in the United States, snopes categorized this legend as false, but commented that. It is perhaps more fairly labelled as True, but for trivial, the historical tendency to place the wheels of horse-drawn vehicles approximately 5 feet apart probably derives from the width needed to fit a carthorse in between the shafts. Others were 4 ft 4 in or 4 ft 7 1⁄2 in, the English railway pioneer George Stephenson spent much of his early engineering career working for the coal mines of County Durham. He favoured 4 ft 8 in for wagonways in Northumberland and Durham, the Hetton and Springwell wagonways also used this gauge. Stephensons Stockton and Darlington railway was primarily to transport coal from mines near Shildon to the port at Stockton-on-Tees. The initial gauge of 4 ft 8 in was set to accommodate the existing gauge of hundreds of horse-drawn chaldron wagons that were already in use on the wagonways in the mines. The railway used this gauge for 15 years before a change was made to 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in gauge, George Stephenson used the 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in gauge for the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, authorised in 1826 and opened 30 September 1830. The success of this led to Stephenson and his son Robert being employed to engineer several other larger railway projects. Monkland and Kirkintilloch Railway, authorised 1824 and opened 1825, used 4 ft 6 in, Dundee and Newtyle Railway, authorised 1829 and opened 1831, used 4 ft 6 1⁄2 in
7.
Hamilton, Ontario
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Hamilton is a port city in the Canadian province of Ontario. Residents of the old city are known as Hamiltonians, since 1981, the metropolitan area has been listed as the ninth largest in Canada and the third largest in Ontario. Hamilton is home to the Royal Botanical Gardens, the Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum, McMaster University is ranked 4th in Canada and 94th in the world by Times Higher Education Rankings 2015-16 and has a well-known medical school. Possibly because of its environment, numerous TV and film productions have been filmed in Hamilton, regulated by the Hamilton Film. A growing arts and culture community garnered media attention in 2006 when the Globe and Mail published an article called Go West, the article highlighted local art galleries, recording studios and independent film production. In pre-colonial times, the Neutral Indians used much of the land but were driven out by the Five Nations who were allied with the British against the Huron. A member of the Iroquois Confederacy provided the route and name for Mohawk Road, which originally included King Street in the lower city. In 1784, about 10,000 United Empire Loyalists settled in Upper Canada, chiefly in Niagara, around the Bay of Quinte, and along the St. Lawrence River between Lake Ontario and Montreal. They were soon followed by many more Americans, some of not so much ardent loyalists but attracted nonetheless by the availability of inexpensive. At the same time, large numbers of Iroquois loyal to Britain arrived from the United States and were settled on reserves west of Lake Ontario. The town of Hamilton was conceived by George Hamilton, when he purchased farm holdings of James Durand, nathaniel Hughson, a property owner to the north, cooperated with George Hamilton to prepare a proposal for a courthouse and jail on Hamiltons property. Hamilton offered the land to the crown for the future site, Durand was empowered by Hughson and Hamilton to sell property holdings which later became the site of the town. As he had instructed, Durand circulated the offers at York during a session of the Legislative Assembly. Initially, this town was not the most important centre of the Gore District, a permanent jail was not constructed until 1832 when a cut-stone design was completed on one of the two squares created in 1816, Princes Square. Subsequently, the first police board and the limits were defined by statute on February 13,1833. Official City status was achieved on June 9,1846, by an act of Parliament,9 Victoria Chapter 73, the city had several interurban electric street railways and two inclines, all powered by the Cataract Power Co. Though suffering through the Hamilton Street Railway strike of 1906, with industrial businesses expanding, allan Skyway in 1958, and the first Tim Hortons store in 1964. Since then, many of the industries have moved or shut down operations and the economy has shifted more toward the service sector, such as transportation, education
8.
Short-line railroad
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Short Line is also one of the four railroads in the popular board game Monopoly, named after the Shore Fast Line, an interurban streetcar line. A shortline railroad is a small or mid-sized railroad company operates over a relatively short distance relative to larger. The term is used primarily in the United States and Canada, in the U. S. railroads are categorized by operating revenue, and most shortline railroads fall into the Class III or Class II categorization defined by the Surface Transportation Board. Often, short lines exist for all three of these reasons, especially since 1980 in the U. S. and 1990 in Canada, many shortlines have been established when larger railroad companies sold off or abandoned low-profit portions of their trackage. Because of their size and generally low revenues, the great majority of shortline railroads in the U. S. are classified by the Association of American Railroads as Class III. As defined by the Surface Transportation Board, a Class III is a railroad with an operating revenue of less than $28 million. In Canada, Transport Canada classifies short line railroads as Class II, there are three kinds of shortlines in the U. S. handling, switch, and ISS. Handling shortlines exist only to move cars along their tracks for larger railroads and they are not listed in the route on a railcars waybill. Handling short lines may have agreements with the larger railroads they serve that do not depend on per car rates. Switch shortlines are similar to handling shortlines except that they are listed on a railcars route, ISS shortlines operate the same as Class I and II railroads. They are included in the routes of railcars, also, they serve as the billing railroads for loads that originate on their lines. For loads not originating on their lines, ISS shortlines still collect a portion of the freight rate. Current short line railroads in operation in the U. S. are, It was reported in 2009 that short-line railroads employ 20,000 people in the U. S. and own 30 percent of nations railroad tracks. About a quarter of all U. S. rail freight travels at least a part of its journey over a short-line railroad. Class I railroad Class II railroad List of U. S. railroads List of Canadian railroads List of Mexican railroads Switching and terminal railroad American Short Line and Regional Railroad Association
9.
Ontario
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Ontario, one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada, is located in east-central Canada. It is Canadas most populous province by a margin, accounting for nearly 40 percent of all Canadians. Ontario is fourth-largest in total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and it is home to the nations capital city, Ottawa, and the nations most populous city, Toronto. There is only about 1 km of land made up of portages including Height of Land Portage on the Minnesota border. Ontario is sometimes divided into two regions, Northern Ontario and Southern Ontario. The great majority of Ontarios population and arable land is located in the south, in contrast, the larger, northern part of Ontario is sparsely populated with cold winters and is heavily forested. The province is named after Lake Ontario, a thought to be derived from Ontarí, io, a Huron word meaning great lake, or possibly skanadario. Ontario has about 250,000 freshwater lakes, the province consists of three main geographical regions, The thinly populated Canadian Shield in the northwestern and central portions, which comprises over half the land area of Ontario. Although this area mostly does not support agriculture, it is rich in minerals and in part covered by the Central and Midwestern Canadian Shield forests, studded with lakes, Northern Ontario is subdivided into two sub-regions, Northwestern Ontario and Northeastern Ontario. The virtually unpopulated Hudson Bay Lowlands in the north and northeast, mainly swampy. Southern Ontario which is further sub-divided into four regions, Central Ontario, Eastern Ontario, Golden Horseshoe, the highest point is Ishpatina Ridge at 693 metres above sea level located in Temagami, Northeastern Ontario. In the south, elevations of over 500 m are surpassed near Collingwood, above the Blue Mountains in the Dundalk Highlands, the Carolinian forest zone covers most of the southwestern region of the province. A well-known geographic feature is Niagara Falls, part of the Niagara Escarpment, the Saint Lawrence Seaway allows navigation to and from the Atlantic Ocean as far inland as Thunder Bay in Northwestern Ontario. Northern Ontario occupies roughly 87 percent of the area of the province. Point Pelee is a peninsula of Lake Erie in southwestern Ontario that is the southernmost extent of Canadas mainland, Pelee Island and Middle Island in Lake Erie extend slightly farther. All are south of 42°N – slightly farther south than the border of California. The climate of Ontario varies by season and location, the effects of these major air masses on temperature and precipitation depend mainly on latitude, proximity to major bodies of water and to a small extent, terrain relief. In general, most of Ontarios climate is classified as humid continental, Ontario has three main climatic regions
10.
Genesee & Wyoming
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The company had its roots in the Class III Genesee and Wyoming Railroad, which began in 1899. Genesee and Wyoming Railroad, predecessor of Genesee & Wyoming Inc. was purchased out of bankruptcy in 1899 by Edward L. Fuller. At that time, the railroad was operating as a 14.5 miles long line serving a single customer. It was still operating the line for the salt mine when Mortimer B. Fuller III, great grandson of Edward L. Fuller. The holding company, Genesee & Wyoming Railroad Inc. was organized during the year. With deregulation of the industry by the Staggers Rail Act of 1980. Genesee & Wyoming acquired several of these short line railroads, scattered across the United States and its acquisitions began including railroads in other countries in 1997. In November 1997 Genesee & Wyoming purchased the South Australian freight operations of Australian National, in October 2000 Australian Railroad Group, a 50/50 joint venture between Genesee & Wyoming and Wesfarmers, were the successful bidder for the Westrail freight business in Western Australia. As part of the joint venture agreement, ownership of Australian Southern Railroad passed to Australian Railroad Group, in July 2003, the Carolina Coastal Railway, operated by G&W subsidiary Rail Link, Inc. was sold to Main Line Rail Management, Inc. On May 26,2005, G&W announced that it has agreed to purchase the operations of Rail Management Corporation. G&W paid $243 million in cash and assume $1.7 million in debt to gain control of 14 short line railroads from RMC across the southeastern United States. As of the close of 2005, Genesee and Wyoming had 2,330 employees in North America and that year, Hurricane Stan wiped out several miles of Genesee & Wyoming track in Mexico. In 2006, the Mexican government agreed to pay 75 percent of the costs, or $15 million. At the same time Wesfarmers sold its 50% share in the South Australian operation back to Genesee & Wyoming Inc for $15 million, the operation was rebranded Genesee & Wyoming Australia. Also in 2006, Genesee & Wyoming elected to write off most of the value of its Bolivian operation, on fears that the Bolivian government would soon nationalize privately held railroads there, Genesee & Wyoming remains an investor in Empresa Ferroviaria Oriental, S. A. This 1,400 miles rail line was the longest the company has leased, the deal was closed on 1 September 2011. On February 24,2015, Genesee & Wyoming announced that it has agreed to acquire approximately 95% of the shares of Freightliner Group Limited, the deal was approved by Providence & Worcester shareholders in October, and the Surface Transportation Board approved the acquisition in December. On February 7,2017, Genesee & Wyoming announced that it had reached an agreement to purchase the Heart of Georgia Railroad, Genesee & Wyoming Inc. owns controlling interests in 122 freight railroads, either directly or through subsidiaries, which are organized into 11 operating regions
11.
Brantford
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Brantford is a city in southwestern Ontario, Canada, founded on the Grand River. It is the seat of Brant County, but it is politically separate with a government independent of the county, Brantford is sometimes known as the Telephone City, former city resident Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone at his fathers home, the Bell Homestead. In 1876 he conducted the first long-distance telephone call, making it from Brantford to Paris, Brantford is also the birthplace of hockey player Wayne Gretzky, comedian Phil Hartman, as well as Group of Seven member Lawren Harris. Brantford is named after Joseph Brant, an important Mohawk chief during the American Revolutionary War and later, many of his and other First Nations citizens live on the neighbouring reserve of Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation, the most populous reserve in Canada. This town, like the rest of their settlements, was destroyed when the Iroquois declared war in 1650 over the fur trade, in 1784, Captain Joseph Brant and the Six Nations Indians of the Iroquois Confederacy left New York State for Canada. As a reward for their loyalty to the British Crown, they were given a land grant, referred to as the Haldimand Tract. The original Mohawk settlement was on the edge of the present-day city at a location favourable for landing canoes. Brants crossing of the river gave the name to the area. By 1847, European settlers began to further up the river at a ford in the Grand River. The Mohawk Chapel, built in the original Mohawk settlement, is Ontarios oldest Protestant church, Brantford was incorporated as a city in 1877. The history of the Brantford region from 1793 to 1920 is described at length in the book At The Forks of The Grand, decades later and particularly since the late 20th century, numerous scholarly and artistic works have explored the detrimental effects of the schools in destroying Native cultures. Healing the Legacy of the Residential Schools, a number of historic monuments have been erected within the city marking those events and Brantfords contributions to the Commonwealths defense of the realm. Her Majestys Royal Chapel of the Mohawks is located in Brantford and is an important reminder of the agreements made with Queen Anne in 1710. After the American Revolution, in 1784, Sir Frederick Haldimond granted the Six Nations their land treaty which was six miles on side of the river from the mouth to the source. Joseph Brant led a group of Six Nations members to new settlement called the Mohawk Village, the Mohawk Chapel was built in 1785 as a reminder of the original agreements made with the British. In 1904 the Mohawk Chapel received Royal status for the alliance between the British and Six Nations. He developed early improvements to it in 1876, as part of the invention and development of the telephone, Canadas first telephone factory was built here, and the city was called Brantford, The Telephone City. These buildings constituted one of the longest blocks of pre-Confederation architecture in Canada, included in the list of demolitions were one of Ontarios first grocery stores and an early 1890s office of the Bell Telephone Company of Canada, now Bell Canada
12.
RailAmerica
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RailAmerica, Inc. based in Jacksonville, Florida, was a holding company of a number of short-line railroads and regional railroads in the United States and Canada. In 2007, RailAmerica was acquired by Fortress Investment Group, before that, it traded on the New York Stock Exchange with the ticker symbol RRA. It was relisted in October 2009 with the ticker symbol RA, in April 2011, RailAmerica made its first shortline purchase in over five years by initiating a deal with Gulf and Ohio Railways to acquire three Alabama shortlines for $12.7 million. On July 23,2012, Genesee & Wyoming Inc. announced that it intended to purchase RailAmerica in a deal valued at $1.39 billion, approval of the purchase was granted by the U. S. Surface Transportation Board on December 19,2012, while awaiting the decision, Genesee & Wyoming put RailAmerica control in the hands of a trust. They assumed control on December 28,2012 and the company was in the process of integration to G&W. RailAmerica controlled the following railroads. In addition to those listed below, RailAmericas prior owner, Fortress Investment Group, RailAmerica, RailAmerica Selected to Acquire Four Railroads from Alcoa, Additionally Announces Lease with CSX Transportation for the 48 Mile Fremont Branch
13.
Paris, Ontario
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Paris, Ontario is a community on the Grand River in Ontario, Canada. The town was established in 1850, in 1999, its town government was amalgamated into that of the County of Brant, thus ending 149 years as a separate incorporated municipality. The town was first settled on May 7,1829, when its founder, Hiram Capron, bought the land for $10,000, the town of Paris was officially established in 1856. Paris was named for the deposits of gypsum, used to make plaster of Paris. Paris is referred to as the capital of Canada. Paris, Ontario is located at 43°12′N 80°23′W, Paris is also the transmitter site for a number of broadcast radio and TV stations serving the Brantford and Kitchener-Waterloo areas. The actual tower site is 475 Ayr Road, just south of the town of Ayr and it was officially the main transmitter for the southern Ontario Global network until 2009, when its Toronto rebroadcaster was redesignated as the main transmitter. Global leases space on the Ayr tower for broadcast clients including Conestoga Colleges campus radio station CJIQ-FM as well as local rebroadcasters of the CBCs Toronto-based outlets, the town hosts an annual Fall Fair which takes place over the Labour Day weekend. The Fair features over 100,000 rural lifestyle exhibits, a midway complete with games, rides. Canadas #1 demolition derby attracts drivers from across Ontario, the Fair is also host to country music nights and have included big name acts such as Montgomery Gentry, Gord Bamford, Emerson Drive, Chad Brownlee, Deric Ruttan and Kira Isabella. Paris is also the northernmost community to participate in Southern Ontarios Green Energy Hub, barkers Bush is a historic network of community walking/biking trails, rare Carolinian forest, thriving ecosystem and natural corridors. Its main access is through Lions Park, Paris Fairgrounds is Brant Countys Foremost Year Round Event Facility and home to the 5 day Labour Day Weekend Fair. Paris Speedway Track There´s local Motorcycle Speedway Track in Paris, where some national Venues are held, quite famous Riders there were John Kehoe and Kyle Legault. Public schools in Paris are administered by the Grand Erie District School Board, the town also has a Montessori Childrens Academy. Paris Central Public School is a school that is located near the centre of downtown. Children are close to major town attractions, north Ward School, another public elementary school, is located on Silver Street in the north end of the town. Other elementary schools include Holy Family Elementary School and Cobblestone Elementary School, Paris District High School, founded 1923, is a regional public high school in the town, with over 1005 students. The school serves as a secondary school for Paris and various other communities of Brant County, including Burford, St. George
14.
Canadian Pacific Railway
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The Canadian Pacific Railway, also known formerly as CP Rail between 1968 and 1996, is a historic Canadian Class I railroad incorporated in 1881. The railroad is owned by Canadian Pacific Railway Limited, which began operations as legal owner in a restructuring in 2001. Headquartered in Calgary, Alberta, it owns approximately 20,000 kilometres of track all across Canada and into the United States, stretching from Montreal to Vancouver, and as far north as Edmonton. Its rail network also serves Minneapolis-St. Paul, Milwaukee, Detroit, Chicago, the railway was originally built between Eastern Canada and British Columbia between 1881 and 1885, fulfilling a promise extended to British Columbia when it entered Confederation in 1871. It was Canadas first transcontinental railway, but no longer reaches the Atlantic coast, the CPR became one of the largest and most powerful companies in Canada, a position it held as late as 1975. Its primary passenger services were eliminated in 1986, after being assumed by Via Rail Canada in 1978, a beaver was chosen as the railways logo because it is the national symbol of Canada and was seen as representing the hardworking character of the company. The company acquired two American lines in 2009, the Dakota, Minnesota and Eastern Railroad and the Iowa, Chicago, the trackage of the ICE was at one time part of CP subsidiary Soo Line and predecessor line The Milwaukee Road. It is publicly traded on both the Toronto Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker CP and its U. S. headquarters are in Minneapolis. The creation of the Canadian Pacific Railway was a task undertaken for a combination of reasons by the Conservative government of Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald. He was helped by Sir Alexander Tilloch Galt, who was the owner of the North Western Coal and his company went through several name changes during the process of the construction of the railway. British Columbia, a sea voyage away from the East Coast, had insisted upon a land transport link to the East as a condition for joining Confederation. The government however proposed to build a railway linking the Pacific province to the Eastern provinces within 10 years of 20 July 1871, Macdonald saw it as essential to the creation of a unified Canadian nation that would stretch across the continent. Moreover, manufacturing interests in Quebec and Ontario wanted access to raw materials, the first obstacle to its construction was political. The logical route went through the American Midwest and the city of Chicago, to ensure this routing, the government offered huge incentives including vast grants of land in the West. Because of this scandal, the Conservative Party was removed from office in 1873, surveying was carried out during the first years of a number of alternative routes in this virgin territory followed by construction of a telegraph along the lines that had been agreed upon. The Thunder Bay section linking Lake Superior to Winnipeg was commenced in 1875, by 1880, around 1,000 kilometres was nearly complete, mainly across the troublesome Canadian Shield terrain, with trains running on only 500 kilometres of track. With Macdonalds return to power on 16 October 1878, an aggressive construction policy was adopted. Macdonald confirmed that Port Moody would be the terminus of the transcontinental railway, in 1879, the federal government floated bonds in London and called for tenders to construct the 206 km section of the railway from Yale, British Columbia, to Savonas Ferry, on Kamloops Lake
15.
United States dollar
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The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States and its insular territories per the United States Constitution. It is divided into 100 smaller cent units, the circulating paper money consists of Federal Reserve Notes that are denominated in United States dollars. The U. S. dollar was originally commodity money of silver as enacted by the Coinage Act of 1792 which determined the dollar to be 371 4/16 grain pure or 416 grain standard silver, the currency most used in international transactions, it is the worlds primary reserve currency. Several countries use it as their currency, and in many others it is the de facto currency. Besides the United States, it is used as the sole currency in two British Overseas Territories in the Caribbean, the British Virgin Islands and Turks and Caicos Islands. A few countries use the Federal Reserve Notes for paper money, while the country mints its own coins, or also accepts U. S. coins that can be used as payment in U. S. dollars. After Nixon shock of 1971, USD became fiat currency, Article I, Section 8 of the U. S. Constitution provides that the Congress has the power To coin money, laws implementing this power are currently codified at 31 U. S. C. Section 5112 prescribes the forms in which the United States dollars should be issued and these coins are both designated in Section 5112 as legal tender in payment of debts. The Sacagawea dollar is one example of the copper alloy dollar, the pure silver dollar is known as the American Silver Eagle. Section 5112 also provides for the minting and issuance of other coins and these other coins are more fully described in Coins of the United States dollar. The Constitution provides that a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts and that provision of the Constitution is made specific by Section 331 of Title 31 of the United States Code. The sums of money reported in the Statements are currently being expressed in U. S. dollars, the U. S. dollar may therefore be described as the unit of account of the United States. The word dollar is one of the words in the first paragraph of Section 9 of Article I of the Constitution, there, dollars is a reference to the Spanish milled dollar, a coin that had a monetary value of 8 Spanish units of currency, or reales. In 1792 the U. S. Congress passed a Coinage Act, Section 20 of the act provided, That the money of account of the United States shall be expressed in dollars, or units. And that all accounts in the offices and all proceedings in the courts of the United States shall be kept and had in conformity to this regulation. In other words, this act designated the United States dollar as the unit of currency of the United States, unlike the Spanish milled dollar the U. S. dollar is based upon a decimal system of values. Both one-dollar coins and notes are produced today, although the form is significantly more common
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Surface Transportation Board
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The Surface Transportation Board of the United States is a bipartisan, decisionally-independent adjudicatory body organizationally housed within the U. S. Department of Transportation. The STB was established in 1996 to assume some of the functions that had been administered by the Interstate Commerce Commission when the ICC was abolished. Other ICC regulatory functions were eliminated or transferred to the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration or to the Bureau of Transportation Statistics within DOT. The Board has wide discretion, through its authority from federal, state and local laws. The Board provides a forum for the resolution of surface-transportation disputes and it has the authority to limit or remove regulatory requirements where appropriate. The Board is composed of three members nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate for five-year terms, the Board’s chairman is designated by the President from among the members. As its chief executive, the coordinates and organizes the agency’s work and acts as its representative in legislative matters. Chairman Elliott is in his term at the Board, having previously served as the agency’s chairman from August 13,2009 until December 31,2014. The vice chairman represents the Board and assumes the duties as appropriate. Additionally, the vice chairman oversees matters involving the admission, discipline and she was designated vice chairman, served as acting chairman, and was again designated vice chairman on January 7,2016, in the agency’s annual rotation of the vice chairmanship. Ann D. Begeman was sworn in May 2,2011, as a member of the Board, assisting the Board in carrying out its responsibilities is a staff of 150 with experience in economics, law, accounting, transportation analysis, finance and administration. The Office of Economics analyzes rate cases, conducts economic and financial analyses of the railroad industry, the Office of the Managing Director handles administrative matters such as personnel, budget and information technology. The Office of Proceedings is an office, consisting almost entirely of attorneys and paralegal specialists. The office applies the Interstate Commerce Act, as amended by the ICC Termination Act of 1995, the Office of the General Counsel responds to questions on a variety of legal issues. However, its mission is two-fold, to defend the STBs decisions in court. Unlike most Federal agencies, the STB has independent litigating authority, STB and DOJ attorneys, in most cases, jointly defend the agencys decisions, with the STBs attorneys preparing written briefs and presenting oral arguments on behalf of the Federal Government. In performing defensibility assessments, OGC attorneys meet with other STB staff to discuss cases before draft decisions are prepared, defensibility assessments are key to issuing sound decisions that are less likely to be challenged and, if challenged, are more likely to be upheld
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BNSF Railway
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The BNSF Railway is one of the largest freight railroad networks in North America, second to the Union Pacific Railroad, and is one of seven North American Class I railroads. It has 44,000 employees,32,500 miles of track in 28 states and it has three transcontinental routes that provide rail links between the western and eastern United States. BNSF trains traveled over 169 million miles in 2010, more than any other North American railroad, the BNSF and UP have a duopoly on all transcontinental freight rail lines in the Western U. S. and share trackage rights over thousands of miles of track. According to corporate press releases, the BNSF Railway is among the top transporters of intermodal freight in North America, for instance, the railroad hauls enough coal to generate roughly ten percent of the electricity produced in the United States. Headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas, the railroad is an owned subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Inc. The creation of BNSF started with the formation of a holding company, on January 24,2005, the railroads name was officially changed to BNSF Railway, using the initials of its original name. The United States Surface Transportation Board placed a 15-month moratorium on all rail mergers, the company is investing an estimated $34 billion in BNSF and acquiring $10 billion in debt. On February 12,2010, shareholders of Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation voted in favor of the acquisition, BNSFs history dates back to 1849, when the Aurora Branch Railroad in Illinois and the Pacific Railroad of Missouri were formed. The Aurora Branch eventually grew into the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, a portion of the Pacific Railroad became the St. Louis-San Francisco Railway. The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway was chartered in 1859 and it built one of the first transcontinental railroads in North America, linking Chicago and Southern California, major branches led to Texas, Denver, and San Francisco. The Interstate Commerce Commission denied a proposed merger with the Southern Pacific Transportation Company in the 1980s and it absorbed the St. Louis-San Francisco Railway in 1980. Its main lines included Chicago-Seattle with branches to Texas and Montgomery, Alabama, on June 30,1994, BN and ATSF announced plans to merge, they were the largest and smallest of the Super Seven, the seven largest of the then-twelve U. S. The long-rumored announcement was delayed by a disagreement over the disposition of Santa Fe Pacific Gold Corporation and this announcement began the next wave of mergers, as the Super Seven were merged down to four in the next five years. The Illinois Central Railroad and Kansas City Southern Railway, two of the five small Class Is, announced on July 19 that the former would buy the latter, but this plan was called off on October 25. The Union Pacific Railroad, another major Western system, started a war with BN for control of the SF on October 5. The UP gave up on January 31,1995, paving the way for the BN-ATSF merger, subsequently, the UP acquired the Southern Pacific Transportation Company in 1996, and Eastern systems CSX Transportation and Norfolk Southern Railway split Conrail in 1998. UP was satisfied with a segment of trackage rights from Abilene, Kansas to Superior, Nebraska. KCS gained haulage rights to several Midwest locations, including Omaha, East St. Louis, and Memphis, in exchange for BNSF getting similar access to New Orleans
18.
Cape Breton and Central Nova Scotia Railway
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The Cape Breton and Central Nova Scotia Railway is a short line railway operating in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. CBNS operates of main line and associated spurs between Truro in the part of the province to Sydney on Cape Breton Island. The rail lines operated by CBNS were previously owned by the Canadian National Railway, CBNS began operations in 1994 after the rail lines was purchased in October 1993 by the holding company RailTex. The purchase and operation of route made CBNS one of the first short line railways to operate a route previously owned by a Canadian Class I railroad. On February 4,2000, RailTex and all of its assets, on December 12,2012, RailAmerica and all of its assets, including CBNS, were sold to the holding company Genesee & Wyoming. The CBNS main line crosses varied scenery in central and eastern Nova Scotia including mixed farmland, river valleys, forests, the main line skirts various inlets of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and crosses the Strait of Canso to Cape Breton Island using the Canso Causeway. On Cape Breton Island the main line crosses the North Bras dOr Uplands before skirting the shores of Bras dOr Lake along the Boisdale Hills to Sydney. CBNS maintains the two subdivisions over this line as did its previous owner Canadian National Railway, Hopewell Subdivision running from Truro in the west to Havre Boucher in the east. Spurs at Stellarton to Abercrombie and New Glasgow to Trenton, Sydney Subdivision running from Havre Boucher in the west to Sydney in the east. Spurs at Port Hawkesbury to Point Tupper and Jefferson to Edwardsville, the line interchanges with the Sydney Coal Railway, formerly the Devco Railway, at Sydney, and with CN at Truro. Yards are maintained at Sydney, North Sydney, Point Tupper, Havre Boucher, Stellarton, the railroads business is primarily transporting coal, metal products, paper products, chemicals, drywall products and limestone. CBNS transported approximately 22,000 car loads in 2008, the section of the Sydney Subdivision from Port Hawkesbury to Sydney has undergone a significant decline in traffic since CN sold the entire route to RailTex in 1993. The first decline occurred in 1997, when CN stopped routing Terra Transport container traffic bound for Newfoundland via the Marine Atlantic ferry service at North Sydney, following railway abandonment in 1988, the containers remained on the truck chassis for delivery by truck. This change resulted in the loss of thousands of car loads per year, the railway retains several small industrial customers and wholesalers that create a combined 1,500 car loads per year east of Port Hawkesbury. The financial uncertainty of the Sydney Subdivision saw CBNS apply in 2004 to the Nova Scotia Utility and this resulted in Vias decision to permanently cancel the Bras dOr at the end of the 2004 operating season. In return, CBNS withdrew its application to the NSUARB for permission to abandon this section of its main line, a one-year extension of this subsidy was approved by the government in September 2010 that was retroactive to April 2010. On 3 October 2011, it was announced that the government had agreed to continue the subsidy for three years, allowing RailAmerica access to $2 million over the timespan of the deal. Freight service for this section of the line is currently provided by a small twice-weekly freight train that operates as a round trip between Sydney and Port Hawkesbury
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Central Maine and Quebec Railway
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The Central Maine & Québec Railway is a Class III freight railroad operating in the U. S. states of Maine and Vermont and the Canadian province of Quebec with headquarters in New York, NY. It is owned by Railroad Acquisition Holdings, LLC, a subsidiary of Fortress Investment Group, LLC. Its United States operations are named the Central Maine & Québec Railway US Incorporated with offices in New York, NY, and was registered with the Surface Transportation Board on February 14,2014. Its Canadian operations are named the Central Maine and Québec Railway Canada Incorporated with offices in Sherbrooke, QC, the company received protection under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code and under the Companies Creditors Arrangement Act in Canada to oversee the sale of assets. In February 2014 RAH announced that it had formed the CMQ to become the entity of the rail lines. CM&Q received its certificate of fitness from the Canadian Transportation Agency on June 24,2014, in March 2014, John E. Giles of RAH drove the length of the line, visiting communities and industries served by the railway and inspecting the condition of tracks and installations. He estimated a $10–20 million investment would be needed over three years to repair the line, currently in poor condition and not safe for the transport of oil or dangerous goods. In August 2015,15 empty boxcars of a CMQR freight train derailed at a siding in Farnham, the CMQ proposal did not account for the operation of passenger excursions that had been operated by Maine Eastern, ending 11 years of successful operations along the Maine coast. The company planned to transport of crude oil by rail in January 2016. The CMQ owns and operates the rail lines, Searsport Subdivision Millinocket Subdivision East Millinocket Subdivision Madawaska Subdivision K. I. Lawrence and Atlantic Railroad / Lennoxville, QC Washington County Railroad Newport, VT Orford Express, an independently owned tourist train on part of the CM&QR line Official website
20.
Central Manitoba Railway
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The Central Manitoba Railway is a Canadian shortline railway operating in the province of Manitoba. CEMR was created in 1999 by Cando Contracting Ltd to purchase the former CN Pine Falls and they use several ex-CN GP9rms and 2 SD40 locomotives, and run trains twice weekly on the Pine Falls and Carman subdivisions. They run five days a week in the Norcran Industrial Area in North Transcona and they purchased a former CPR yard that was built in 1887–9 and built a new shop-house and diesel repair facility. They also repair cars for other railways and they run on 115 &132 pound per yard rail on the Carman sub, and 85 pound per yard light rail on the Pine Falls sub, one of the few light rail branches existing in Manitoba. Livery, A black top and bottom broken by red and white stripes down the middle with the CEMR bison logo, the Central Manitoba Railway currently operates 16 locomotives. Red = No longer on roster Central Manitoba Railway, official website Traingeeks page on Central Manitoba Railway
21.
CSX Transportation
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CSX Transportation is a Class I railroad in the United States. The main subsidiary of the CSX Corporation, the railroad is headquartered in Jacksonville, Florida, CSX operates one of the three Class I railroads serving most of the East Coast, the other two being the Norfolk Southern Railway and Canadian Pacific Railway. It also serves the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec, together CSX and Norfolk Southern Railway have a duopoly over all east-west freight rail traffic east of the Mississippi River. As of October 1,2014, CSXs total public stock value was slightly over $32 billion, CSX Transportation was formed on July 1,1986, by combining the Chessie System and Seaboard System Railroad. The origin of the Chessie System was the former Chesapeake & Ohio Railway, which had merged with the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, on June 6,1998, the STB approved the CSX–NS application and set August 22,1998, as the effective date of its decision. CSX acquired 42 percent of Conrails assets, and NS received the remaining 58 percent, as a result of the transaction, CSXs rail operations grew to include some 3,800 miles of the Conrail system. CSX began operating its trains on its portion of the Conrail network on June 1,1999, CSX now serves much of the eastern U. S. with a few routes into nearby Canadian cities. The name came about during merger talks between Chessie System, Inc. and Seaboard System Railroad, Inc. commonly called Chessie, the company chairmen said it was important for the new name to include neither of those names because it was a partnership. Employees were asked for suggestions, most of which consisted of combinations of the initials, at the same time a temporary shorthand name was needed for discussions with the Interstate Commerce Commission. CSC was chosen but belonged to a company in Virginia. The lawyers decided to use CSX, and the name stuck, in the public announcement, it was said that CSX is singularly appropriate. C can stand for Chessie, S for Seaboard, and X, however, in the August 9,2016 article on the Railway Age website stated that. And the X was for Consolidated, the T had to be added to CSX when used as a reporting mark because reporting marks that end in X means that the car is owned by a leasing company or private car owner. Its current slogan, How Tomorrow Moves, appeared in 2008, in 2014 Canadian Pacific Railway approached CSX with an offer to merge the two companies, but CSX declined and in 2015 Canadian Pacific made an attempt to purchase and merge with Norfolk Southern. In 2017 CSX announced Hunter Harrison as its new chief executive, CSX added 5 new directors to their board, including Harrison and Mantle Ridge founder Paul Hilal. Mantle Ridge owns 4.9 percent of CSX, CSX operates two regions of five divisions each, the Northern, based in Calumet City, Illinois, and Southern, based in Jacksonville, Florida. The CEO of CSX is Hunter Harrison as of Feb 2017, o823, Q740 and Q741, Q743, and Q745—which consists of Tropicana cars that carry fresh orange juice between Bradenton, Florida, and the Greenville section of Jersey City, New Jersey. The train also runs from Bradenton to Fort Pierce, Florida, in the 21st century, the Juice Train has been studied as a model of efficient rail transportation that can compete with trucks and other modes in the perishable-goods trade
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Carlton Trail Railway
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The Carlton Trail Railway is a shortline railway with its headquarters in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan. It is operated by OmniTRAX, an American transportation company in Denver, since the closure of the pulp mill in 2006, Carlton Trail has typically adhered to a schedule of twice weekly rail service, hauling approximately 2000 carloads per year. According to OmniTrax president Darcy Brede, when the mill reopens in 2014, often these lines carry grain or ship from mills in the north, shortlines help to fill the gap and continue to provide the service of rail. In recent years Saskatchewan has seen an influx of shortline railways as the two Class 1s find it difficult to draw a profit from remote locations. Many shortline railways cannot afford the work the lines desperately need. The trail continued on past Fort Carlton along the banks of the North Saskatchewan River for another 980 km to Fort Pitt. OmniTRAX had decided during the inception of the new shortline, that it should be named after this famous trading route, Carlton Trail Railway had originally taken control of the Warman subdivision and the Speers subdivision. At Warman Carlton Trail transfers onto CN and has limited trackage rights into CNs Saskatoon Chappell Yard, the Speers subdivision extends from the Speers Jct north on both former Canadian National and Canadian Pacific rail line until it reaches Meadow Lake. The Speers subdivision proved problematic due to past neglect, and on October 7,2008 Carlton Trail gave notice that it was discontinuing rail services to Meadow Lake on April 1,2009. Carlton Trail continues to own the Meadow Lake Branch, but has no indication that operations will start up anytime soon. Many rural communities however have taken interest in the line and recent discussions indicate it could be purchased by the local Rural Municipalities, as of November,2010 North Central Rail Ltd and OmniTRAX have yet to reach a tentive agreement in the transfer of ownership of the Speers Subdivision. According to Ray Wilfing, chair of NCR Ltd, OmniTRAX has delyed the sale of the line by not responding to North Centrals formal offer in August 2009. North Central Rail lodged a negotiating in bad faith complaint with the Highway Traffic Board in December 2009 in order to pressure OmniTRAX to return to the table to discuss the offer. OmniTRAX was given a deadline of February 15,2010 to come up with a response to the offer for the rail line. On the 15th of February, OmniTRAX responded with a counteroffer that was well beyond what North Central Rail could afford. On January 17,2001 CTR purchased the line between Prince Albert and Birch Hills, though this line is rarely if ever used as it serves no economical purpose, CTR also briefly controlled the Arborfield branch line when CN placed it up for sale. Due to the distance between the Aborfield subdivision and head offices in Prince Albert, CTR placed the line up for sale. Carlton Trails symbol is the Prairie Lily that grows abundantly in the fields and ditches in, one possible reason for this is the constant exchange of motive power between OmniTRAX rail lines and the cost behind painting each engine a specific livery
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New Brunswick Southern Railway
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Together with its sister company Eastern Maine Railway, NBSR and EMRY form a continuous 189.5 mi main line connecting Saint John, New Brunswick with Brownville Junction, Maine. NBSR also operates an additional 41.7 mi of branch lines in New Brunswick, today most locomotives hauling trains that operate over NBSR and EMRY are owned and carry the reporting marks of NBSR. Some maintenance of way equipment that operates exclusively in the state of Maine is owned directly by EMRY, a sister company Maine Northern Railway operates a separate 258-mile railway system connecting Millinocket, Maine with Van Buren, Maine. The actual land forming the right of way that CPRs tracks were located on was already owned by J. D. Irving Ltd. CPR sold all of its holdings in New Brunswick in 1941 when it reached an agreement that saw industrialist K. C. Irving purchase the New Brunswick Railway Company Limited. This arrangement allowed J. D. Irving Ltd. to use New Brunswick Railway Co. Ltd. as a company to own both the NBSR as well as its U. S. sister EMRY. Both NBSR and EMRY began operations on January 6,1995 approximately 1 week after Canadian Pacific Railway abandoned operations of its Canadian Atlantic Railway subsidiary on December 31,1994. Main line NBSRs main line begins at Mile 0 of the McAdam Subdivision at Mill Street in Saint John, east of Mill Street are the tracks of CN with which the NBSR interchanges daily. This line ended up becoming part of the New Brunswick Railway in 1883, the current bridge structure dates to 1922. Branch lines NBSR has 3 branch lines, West Saint John Spur, the West Saint John Spur serves the west side of the Port of Saint John, including the Rodney Container Terminal, the Forest Products Terminal, and several industrial customers. The tracks forming the West Saint John Spur were built as the Carleton, City of Saint John Branch Railroad in the early 1870s, St. Stephen Subdivision, running approximately 33.9 mi from the main line at McAdam to the town of St. Stephen. NBSR is contracted by Woodland Rail LLC to operate this line between Calais and Woodland, interchange points NBSR directly interchanges with other railways at the following locations, St. D. Irving Ltd directing a portion of rail traffic from its various subsidiary companies onto CNs network. This agreement was in response to the bankruptcy of Canadian American Railroad, nB&M Railways New Brunswick Southern Railway - official website New Brunswick Southern Railway - unofficial site
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Essex Terminal Railway
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The ETR has direct connections to Canadian Pacific Railway, and Canadian National Railway. The railway is owned by Essex Morterm Holdings, the railway was founded in 1902 as a western connection of the Grand Trunk Railway to factories in the eastern end of Windsor. Construction of the line took place between 1902 and 1918, during World War II, the trains hauled military and industrial equipment from Ford Windsor and other industries, to interchanges with Canadian National, Canadian Pacific. New York Central, Pere Marquette, and Wabash Railways and its four-stall enginehouse, and main offices are on Lincoln Road in Windsor. Due to heavy development along much of the mainline, Essex Terminal runs its trains at a maximum of 12 miles per hour in the city, the Mainline was generally unchanged but the ETR became more dependent on down river traffic. In September 2002, the ETR celebrated its 100th anniversary and brought its newly restored 1923 Number 9 0-6-0 locomotive down from St. Thomas, the company was loaned several 1930s CPR and CN passenger cars to give rides to nearby residents that celebrated with the company. Number 9 currently operates out of Waterloo, Ontario, ironically, a week after the centennial celebration, the ETR had its first serious derailment in over 10 years, caused by abnormally heavy rains. There were no injuries, the tracks were repaired and two grade crossings repaved. On September 12,2007, Essex Terminal Railway had its second accident when a transport truck tried to race a slow moving ETR train across the Weaver Road at-grade crossing, ADM and Morterm Terminal are accessed by Weaver Rd. The SW-1200 locomotive clipped the rear of the trailer, tipping the transport truck onto its side and ripped the axles off the trailers box. Aside from damage to the truck, the locomotive also sustained some damage to one of its couplers. The driver was uninjured and cooperated with Essex Terminal Railway officials, Essex Terminal Railway later said in The Windsor Star that, This is a reason why people should never try to beat a train. In the summer of 2009 the Essex Terminal Railway signed agreements with the City of Windsor to allow 2 new rail spurs to be constructed on the west end of the city, the rail lines will serve 2 industries in the Ojibway industrial area. In 2010 a spur was run across Ironwood Dr. into Belo Metal Recycling and it can be seen on Google Earth. The second unidentified industry has not yet received access, ETR currently has more than 15 customers in Windsor including ADM, Plains Midsteam Canada and the Windsor Salt Company and serves Seagrams and Honeywell in the town of Amherstburg. Although the trackage is still in place, the salt mine no longer uses rail. The spur is used for storage for ADM. In early 2013, a connection was made so that the ETR can switch the Hiram Walkers tank farm just west of the VIA passenger station, ex-CN track is accessed but is not connected to the CN/VIA mainline
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Great Sandhills Railway
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The Great Sandhills Railway is a Canadian short line railway company that operates 123 miles of track west of Swift Current, Saskatchewan in the provinces of Saskatchewan and Alberta. The railroad began operations on March 14,2009, Great Sandhills Railway owns and operates on former Canadian Pacific Railways Empress Subdivision, Burstall Subdivision and Hazlet Spur. Great Sandhills Railway also operates on the McNeil Spur, but this track is owned by a wholly owned subsidiary of Great Sandhills Terminal. The purchase price for the Empress Short Line and the McNeil spur was $6.3 million, the Great Sandhills Terminal is the major shareholder while other shareholders include local producers and businesses. The railway serves freight stations in Sandhills, Burstall, Mendham, Leader, Prelate, Sceptre, Porteeve, Lancer, Abbey, Cabri, Battrum, Pennant, Success, Cantuar, and Swift Current. It interchanges with both the Canadian Pacific Railway and the Great Western Railway in Swift Current, via running rights on CPs Mapple Creek Subdivision between Mayne and Swift Current. The railway hauls grain from terminals, elevators and producer loading sites, Great Sandhills Railway Saskatchewan Rail Network 2015
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Great Western Railway (Saskatchewan)
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The Great Western Railway is a Canadian short line railway company operating on former Canadian Pacific Railway trackage in Southwest Saskatchewan. GWR is the operating company whereas Westcan Rail Saskatchewan Ltd. is the owner of the track, WRS was owned by WestCan Rail of Abbotsford, British Columbia, a railway contracting and maintenance company. In 2004 the railway was purchased by investors from the area of Saskatchewan it serves. It is now owned and operated. Great Western Railway continues to serve many producer loading sites along their rail network. GWR operates on 308 miles of former Canadian Pacific Railways Shaunavon, Vanguard, Altawan, GWR also services 60 miles on the Fife Lake Railway, which is partially owned by the company, and another 72 miles of the Red Coat Road & Rail on a yearly contractual basis. In March 2011 it was announced Great Western Railway would receive two former Burlington Northern Santa Fe GE B40-8Ws for the original Great Western route. The shorter branch lines that are owned by Red Coat Road & Rail, Great Western Railway Official Website Saskatchewan Rail Network 2015
27.
Hudson Bay Railway (1997)
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Hudson Bay Railway is a Canadian short line railway operating over 1,300 kilometres of track in northeastern Saskatchewan and northern Manitoba. Operations began on August 20,1997, at the same time, OmniTRAX also took over the operation and marketing of the Port of Churchill from Transport Canada. Previous owner CN had limited the tonnage to operate on the lines as a result of the light rail. HBRY is considered a transportation link in northern Manitoba, hauling ores and concentrates, copper, zinc, logs, kraft paper, lumber. Via Rail Canada also uses HBRY tracks to operate its passenger service between The Pas and Churchill. Major customers for HBRY include HudBay Minerals, Tolko, Vale, Gardwine North, Stittco Energy, Farmers of North America, the line was constructed by an earlier company of the same name. The Hudson Bay Railway was built starting in the early 1900s under Canadian Northern Railway before being taken over by the Government of Canada, the lines were operated by Canadian National Railway from 1929-1997 before being sold to OmniTRAX. Service was restored on August 2,2005, two ahead of initial expectations. The American novelist Courtney Ryley Coopers 1931 adventure novel End of Steel is a recounting of the lines original construction. Calgary performer John Leeder wrote and recorded a song titled Hudson Bay Line about the rigors of bygone train travel on this route, according to Leeder, its been recorded six times that I know of. Hudson Bay Railway corporate site Timetables and bookings Hudson Bay Route Association website
28.
Huron Central Railway
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Huron Central Railway is a Canadian railway operating in northern Ontario, operated by Genesee & Wyoming Canada Inc. the Canadian subsidiary of Genesee & Wyoming Inc. The Huron Central Railway was established in July 1997 to operate a 173-mile route leased from the Canadian Pacific Railway between Sudbury and Sault Ste. The CPR retains running rights over about 22-mile of track at the east end of the Webbwood Subdivision, the railway operates one train in each direction six days per week between its two endpoints plus a train, leaving Sudbury most mornings, to Espanola and return. Coil steel manufactured by Algoma Steel in Sault Ste, in 2008, the railway handled 16,000 carloads a year, though carloadings have decreased in subsequent years. The route has variable topography and typically two to four locomotives are used to haul trains varying between 25 and 50 cars in length, the line parallels Ontario Highway 17 for much of its length. Several locomotives lettered for affiliate Quebec-Gatineau Railway also populate the roster, on June 15,2009, Genesee & Wyoming announced that the railroads operations would be discontinued by October and that 45 people would be laid off. Due to the downturn, it suffered a significant reduction in carload volume - down by almost 50% from the previous year - which rendered the line insolvent. This announcement however triggered a series of negotiations between HCRY, the City of Sault Ste, marie, Essar Steel Algoma, and Domtar in order to keep the rail line open. A temporary agreement was reached which provided $15.9 million to cover operating expenses, on April 14,2014, three locomotives and one flatcar were derailed likely due to collapsing infrastructure at mile 30. There were no injuries however the spilled diesel from the locomotives required the issue of a drinking water advisory for the small community, the locomotives that derailed were QGRY800, QGRY3800, and HCRY3011. In June 2015,15 cars left the tracks near Worthington, november 1,2015,13 cars jumped the tracks near Spanish. There were no goods and no injuries
29.
Keewatin Railway
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The Keewatin Railway Company is a First Nations-owned rail line that operates in Northern Manitoba, between The Pas, and Pukatawagan. This railway is the railway fully owned by Native Canadians. The railway company currently operates a line owned by Hudson Bay Railway. Via Rail Canada previously operated a passenger rail service between The Pas and Pukatawagan through an operating agreement with Hudson Bay Railway Company. The rail line was originally the 185-mile Sherridon Subdivision, between Sheritt Junction and Lynn Lake, on April 1,2006, the Hudson Bay Railway sold the Sherridon Subdivision to the three native tribes in the area, who now own and operate the railway. This funding comes from the Regional and Remote Passenger Rail Services Contribution Program administered by Transport Canada, Keewatin Railway Company Website Map of former Sherridon Subdivision Keewatin Railway information, from ViaRail. ca Information at AlaskaCanadaRail. org Press Release from the Government of Manitoba
30.
Kelowna Pacific Railway
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Kelowna Pacific Railway was a short-line railroad, formerly a Canadian National Railway line, leased by Knighthawk Rail. The KPR’s line ran from Kelowna to Kamloops through the Okanagan Valley, operations started on 30 January 2000, and ended on 5 July 2013, when the company entered receivership. The mainline track was 167.7 km, with an additional 10.3 km of associated spurs, in addition 41.2 km of running rights of Canadian Pacific Railway were held by KPR. It also connected with CNs Kamloops Rail Yard, in between Vernon and Armstrong/Lumby, the Canadian Pacific Railway shared the line with the KPR, although no trains are currently run by CPR along that line. The company entered receivership on July 5,2013, with all operations suspended, CN said it planned to abandon the line between Lumby Junction and Kelowna. KPR transported over 16,000 carloads per year, most of the goods transported by the KPR are wood products, although grain, cement, scrap metal and industrial products could be seen
31.
Last Mountain Railway
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The Last Mountain Railway is a Canadian short line railway company and subsidiary of Mobil Grain Ltd. LMR operates on trackage between Regina and Davidson in Saskatchewan, established in 2009, the trackage was formerly operated by Canadian National Railway, the LMR interlines with Canadian National in both Regina and Davidson. This subdivision is part of the former Canadian National line that links Regina, freight railway stations along the line include Davidson, Girvin, Craik, Aylesbury, Chamberlain, Findlater, Bethune, Disley, Lumsden, Condie and Regina. All locomotives used on LMR are owned by Mobil Grain and also utilized on their sister company, Big Sky Rail Corp
32.
Maine Northern Railway
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MNRY operates over tracks that were originally built for the Bangor & Aroostook Railroad but were most recently owned and operated by the Montreal, Maine & Atlantic Railway. Approximately 233 mi of MNRYs route is owned by the government of the state of Maine while the remaining 25 mi is owned by MNRY outright, affected lines were located in Penobscot and Aroostook counties and included track serving Houlton, Presque Isle, Caribou and Fort Kent. MMA lines between Millinocket and Brownville, Brownville and Montreal, Brownville and Searsport, and Madawaska to Van Buren were not included in this application. According to the MMA, losses from operating the lines between Millinocket and Madawaska had reached the point where they were threatening the health of the entire railroad. State legislators proposed that the buy the lines and contract out freight rail service, similar to lines in Vermont. On October 20,2010, the reached a agreement to sell 233 miles of track in the northern part of Maine to the state government for $20.1 million. The state would then contract operations on the lines to bidders when the deal was closed, the US government also issued $10.5 million in funds to upgrade and maintain the line. On 17 December 2010, it was announced that the state was accepting bids for the operation of trackage the state was due to purchase, on 28 December 2010, the STB announced it had approved the abandonment of the tracks in question, allowing the state to purchase them. Irving Transportation Services formed the MNRY on May 24,2011 in Delaware, at Van Buren, the MNRY owns a railway bridge over the Saint John River that allows MRNY to interchange directly with Canadian National Railway in St. Leonard, New Brunswick. This bridge and associated trackage in New Brunswick had long been a Bangor and Aroostook Railroad. The Presque Isle Subdivision, consisting of approximately 25.3 mi of line between milepost 0.0 near Squa Pan, Maine and milepost 25.3 near Presque Isle, Maine in Aroostook County. The Fort Fairfield Subdivision, consisting of approximately 10 mi of line between milepost 0.0 near Presque Isle, Maine and milepost 10.0 near Easton, Maine in Aroostook County. The Limestone Subdivision, consisting of approximately 29.85 mi of line between milepost 0.0 near Presque Isle, Maine and milepost 29.85 near Limestone, Maine in Aroostook County. The Houlton Subdivision, consisting of approximately 17.27 mi of line between milepost 0.0 near Oakfield, Maine and milepost 17.27 near Houlton, Maine in Aroostook County, Leonard Railway Bridge and associated trackage in St. Leonard, New Brunswick. The MNRY interchanges at two locations, In the north, it interchanges with CN at St. Leonard, New Brunswick using a railway bridge over the Saint John River from Van Buren. Also in the south, it interchanges indirectly with Pan Am Railways at Mattawamkeag, today most locomotives hauling trains that operate over MNRY are owned and carry the reporting marks of NBSR, however, at least one locomotive has been painted with the reporting marks of MNRY. Some maintenance of way equipment will likely be owned by MNRY. New Brunswick Southern Railway - official website New Brunswick Southern Railway - unofficial site
33.
Minnesota, Dakota and Western Railway
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The railroad serves the paper mills in both International Falls and Fort Frances. The railroad interchanges with Canadian National Railway at Ranier, in 2005 the railroad handled 11,841 carloads of wood pulp, pulpwood, chemicals, raw materials and finished paper. The railroad has a fleet of more than 3100 railcars, originally a subsidiary of Boise Cascade designed to serve its paper mills, the MDW was created in 1910, the company had been incorporated in 1902 as the International Bridge and Terminal Company. The Canadian company, however, retains that name, in August 2006, Boise Cascade announced that MDW would be sold to the Watco Companies, a company specialising in shortlines, however, the sale was never closed. In February 2008, Boise Cascade spun off its paper, packaging, newsprint and transportation operations, including MDW, to a new company, Boise Inc. http, //www. minnesotarailroads. com/MNRRs2005A. pdf
34.
Norfolk Southern Railway
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The Norfolk Southern Railway is a Class I railroad in the United States. NS is responsible for maintaining 29,000 miles, with the remainder being operated under trackage rights from other parties responsible for maintenance, the common commodity hauled on the railroad is coal from mines in Indiana, Kentucky, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. The railroad also offers the largest intermodal network in eastern North America, NS is a major transporter of domestic and export coal. In Pennsylvania, NS also receives coal through interchange with R. J, corman Railroad/Pennsylvania Lines at Cresson, Pennsylvania, originating in the Clearfield Cluster. Coal transported by NS is thus exported to steel mills and power plants around the world, the company is also a major transporter of auto parts and completed vehicles. It operates intermodal container and TOFC trains, some in conjunction with other railroads, NS was the first railway to employ roadrailers, which are highway truck trailers with interchangeable wheel sets. The Norfolk Southern Railways parent Norfolk Southern Corporation is a Norfolk, Norfolk Southern Corporation was incorporated on July 23,1980 in the Commonwealth of Virginia and is publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbols NSC. As of October 1,2014 Norfolk Southern Corporations total public stock value was slightly over $34.5 billion, the system began in 1982 with the creation of the Norfolk Southern Corporation, a holding company for the Southern Railway and Norfolk & Western Railway. The new company was given the name of the Norfolk Southern Railway, a line, acquired by SOU in 1974, that served primarily North Carolina. Headquarters for the new NS were established in Norfolk, Virginia, the company suffered a slight embarrassment when the marble headpiece at the buildings entrance was unveiled, which read Norfolk Southern Railway. A new headpiece replaced the erroneous one several weeks later, NS aimed to compete in the eastern United States with CSX Transportation, formed after the Interstate Commerce Commissions 1980 approval of the merger of the Chessie System and the Seaboard System. Norfolk Southerns predecessor railroads date to the early 19th century, the SRs earliest predecessor line was the South Carolina Canal & Rail Road. Chartered in 1827, the South Carolina Canal & Rail Road Company became the first to regularly scheduled passenger train service with the inaugural run of the Best Friend of Charleston in 1830. Another early predecessor, the Richmond & Danville Railroad, was formed in 1847, the R&D ultimately fell on hard times and in 1894, it became a major portion of the new Southern Railway. Financier J. P. Morgan selected veteran railroader Samuel Spencer as president, profitable and innovative, Southern became in 1953 the first major U. S. railroad to completely switch to diesel-electric locomotives from steam. It was acquired by the South Side Railroad in 1854, in the second half of the 20th century, the N&W acquired the Virginian Railway, the Wabash Railway, and the Nickel Plate Road, among others. In 1990, the two merged and formed Norfolk Southern Railway. The system grew with the acquisition of half of Conrail
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