1.
Beach
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A beach is a landform along a body of water. It usually consists of particles, which are often composed of rock, such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles. The particles comprising a beach are occasionally biological in origin, such as shells or coralline algae. Some beaches have man-made infrastructure, such as posts, changing rooms. They may also have hospitality venues nearby, wild beaches, also known as undeveloped or undiscovered beaches, are not developed in this manner. Wild beaches can be valued for their beauty and preserved nature. Beaches typically occur in areas along the coast where wave or current action deposits, although the seashore is most commonly associated with the word beach, beaches are also found by lakes and alongside large rivers. Beach may refer to, small systems where rock material moves onshore, offshore, or alongshore by the forces of waves and currents, the former are described in detail below, the larger geological units are discussed elsewhere under bars. There are several parts to a beach that relate to the processes that form. The part mostly above water, and more or less influenced by the waves at some point in the tide, is termed the beach berm. The berm is the deposit of material comprising the active shoreline, the berm has a crest and a face — the latter being the slope leading down towards the water from the crest. At the very bottom of the face, there may be a trough, at some point the influence of the waves on the material comprising the beach stops, and if the particles are small enough, winds shape the feature. Where wind is the force distributing the grains inland, the deposit behind the beach becomes a dune and these geomorphic features compose what is called the beach profile. The beach profile changes seasonally due to the change in energy experienced during summer and winter months. In temperate areas where summer is characterised by calmer seas and longer periods between breaking wave crests, the profile is higher in summer. The gentle wave action during this season tends to transport sediment up the beach towards the berm where it is deposited, onshore winds carry it further inland forming and enhancing dunes. Conversely, the profile is lower in the storm season due to the increased wave energy. The removal of sediment from the berm and dune thus decreases the beach profile
2.
Shore
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A shore or a shoreline is the fringe of land at the edge of a large body of water, such as an ocean, sea, or lake. Shores are influenced by the topography of the landscape, as well as by water induced erosion. The geological composition of rock and soil dictates the type of shore which is created, Riviera is an Italian word for shoreline, ultimately derived from Latin ripa. It came to be applied as a name to the coast of the Ligurian Sea, in the form riviera ligure. Historically, the Ligurian Riviera extended from Capo Corvo south of Genoa, north and west into what is now French territory past Monoco, now it is divided into the Italian Riviera and the French Riviera. Although the French use the term Riviera to refer to the Italian Riviera, as a result of the fame of the Ligurian rivieras, the term came into English to refer to any shoreline, especially one that is sunny, topographically diverse and popular with tourists. Such places using the term include the Australian Riviera in Queensland, offshore or Intertidal zone Ballantine Scale Coastal path Shorezone Anders, F. J. and Byrnes, M. R. Accuracy of shoreline change rates as determined from maps and aerial photographs Shore and Beach, v.59, processes influencing the transport and fate of contaminated sediments in the coastal ocean—Boston Harbor and Massachusetts Bay, U. S. Geological Survey Circular 1302, pp. 1–89. Equilibrium beach profiles—characteristics and applications Journal of Coastal Research, v.7, the Budget of Littoral Sediments—Concepts and Applications Shore and Beach, v.64, pp. 18–26. Meade, R. H. Sources, sinks and storage of river sediments in the Atlantic drainage of the United States Journal of Geology, v.90, an Assessment of the Nations Shorelines, USA Shore and Beach v.71, no. Stockdon, H. F. Sallenger, A. H. List, J. H. and Holman, estimation of shoreline position and change using airborne topographic lidar data Journal of Coastal Research, v.18, no. The use of models to predict beach behavior for U. S. coastal engineering—A critical review Journal of Coastal Research, v.16. Media related to Shores at Wikimedia Commons shore, the American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
3.
Strand swamp
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A strand swamp or strand is a type of swamp in Florida that forms a linear drainage channel on flatlands. A forested wetland habitat, strands occur on land areas with high water tables where the lack of slope prevents stream formation. Strands are more linear than the cypress swamps that form in more rounded depressions and are fairly similar to floodplain swamps that form further north along streams. For the most part, strand swamps occur south of Lake Okeechobee, notable strand swamps include the Fakahatchee Strand and Corkscrew Swamp, where the trees are up to 700 years old and 100 feet tall. The Fakahatchee Strand is a channel of slowly moving water that is 20 miles long and 5 miles wide. Strand swamps are often dominated by bald cypress, shallower strand swamps may contain pond cypress. When either of these trees dominate, the strand is known as a cypress strand, outside of protected areas, most old-growth cypress trees in Florida along streams or lakes have been harvested for their rot-resistant wood. Beneath a strand swamp are layers of peat, established strand swamps with a large amount of vegetation have deep peat layers. These deep peat layers can serve as a wick to water from underground into the swamp during droughts
4.
Strand, Western Cape
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Strand is a seaside resort situated on the eastern edge of False Bay and at the foot of the Hottentots Holland Mountains. Its geographical position is between Macassar and Gordons Bay, and is about 50 km southeast of Cape Town, Strand is in the Western Cape province of South Africa, and has a population of approximately 50,000. Strands main attraction is the beach,5 km of sandy beach off False Bay. Strand is often referred to as The Strand, which is the old name of the town, the main beach in the Strand, Melkbaai Beach, is known as one of the best and safest bathing areas in the country. Facilities on or nearby this beach include Waterworld with a tube and mini-golf. Water sports may be conducted from various points along the beachfront, the Pipe is a part of the beach marked off for surfers and is known for its big, surfable waves. Strand also has an Olympic-sized indoor pool which is heated and is open all year round. The coast between the Lourens River mouth and up to Rooi Els is popular with fishermen and rock anglers. Surfing is a water sport in Strand, despite the possibility of sharks. These spots are much easier and safer to surf than other offshore surf spots on the Atlantic Ocean side of the Cape Peninsula. The town has a business district attracting customers from the surrounding basin, the CBD offers banks, numerous shopping malls, restaurants, and supermarkets. The Friedman & Cohen is the largest single shop in the CBD and serves as an attraction for residents. The major shopping malls in the include the Dorpsmeent Centre. The latter is not in the CBD, but outside the town, Strands central business district is entirely surrounded by Strand North and Strand South. Strand has its own area, Gants Centre. More recently, Gants Centre has increasingly been accommodating non-industrial businesses, including the local newspaper and these industrial companies are in turn gradually relocating to the areas surrounding the former dynamite sites outside the town, towards Somerset West. In winter there is a low inversion layer covering the town and this is rarely seen, however, because of the prevalent winds that keep Strands skies clean. The town has primary, secondary and tertiary education facilities, as of 2007, there are 19 public and private schools
5.
Strand Street
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Strand Street is one of the main streets in the central business district of Cape Town, South Africa. East of the city centre, Strand Street passes under the N2 freeway and it continues as New Market Street and then Albert Street, eventually becoming Voortrekker Road, the original road route from Cape Town to Bellville and the interior. West of the centre it becomes High Level Road to Sea Point, castle of Good Hope Koopmans-de Wet House Grand Parade
6.
The Strand Arcade
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The Strand Arcade is a Victorian-style shopping arcade in Sydney, New South Wales. The Strand Arcade is located in the heart of the Sydney central business district, the arcade was one of the first Victorian buildings in Sydney. The arcade contains the preliminary boutiques that characterized the Sydney shopping experience of the 1890s, when the arcade opened in 1892, it was said to be the very latest in shopping centre designs and was described as, The finest public thoroughfare in the Australian colonies. The arcade has endured two depressions, two World Wars and two major fires, the restored shop fronts are an exact replica of the original internal shopping facades. Designed by English architect John Spencer, The Strand was built in 1891 and opened on 1 April 1892, as the fifth and it is the only one remaining in its original form today. The arcade was to be 340 feet long, and three storeys high, the Arcade was originally known as the City Arcade and sometimes as Arcade Street. In 1891 it was named after the famous London Street that links the City of London, the Strand was Londons smartest theatre, hotel and shopping street in the early 1900s. The Nut Shop, which operates today, opened in 1939. The arcade became run down as time went by, restoration work was carried out in the 1970s, but a fire broke out on the morning of 25 May 1976. Restoration began again and the arcade, now back to its original grandeur, the Strand Arcade strandarcade. com. au The Strand Arcade sydneyarchitecture. com Laila Ellmoos
7.
The Strand, Townsville
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The Strand is a seaside foreshore located in Townsville, Australia. It is located in the suburb of North Ward, the Strand has a view of the Port of Townsville and Magnetic Island, as well as to Cape Cleveland. Features in the include a jetty, a recreational park, restaurants, cafes. The Strand has been a part of Townsvilles history since the city was founded in the mid-19th century and it was moderately damaged by Cyclone Tessi in April 2000. The Townsville City Council, Queensland State and Australian Federal Governments provided a joint funding of around A$35 million for the development of the current foreshore. An estimated 80,000 people turned out on the weekend, which included numerous events including a pyrotechnics and fireworks display. There is a restriction on the foreshore area of the Strand. This was due to the construction of the 15-story Aquarius Hotel in 1971, which was challenged by the residents of North Ward, and nearby Castle Hill. The Aquarius is the high rise along the foreshore strip. The Strand was recently named Australias cleanest Beach in 2008 and this was the second time the award was given to the beach in five years. An Anzac Day march in 2009 attracted 20,000 people to The Strand, since the opening of the Strand, the foreshore has been used for many annual or monthly events. The fourth Friday of each month sees Strand Park used for Nightmarkets, other events include the annual Townsville City Council Run Christmas events, Carols by Candlelight and Stable on the Strand, as well as a fireworks display and gathering on New Years Eve. One example of an event is the Strand Ephemera, wherein local and regional artists display their works along the foreshore. Some works from this event have become permanent on the foreshore, the Strand held the 2001 Centenary of Federation events, including a fireworks display and skyshow which attracted a crowd of around 86,000. The Strand was also the stop for Townsville, during the Australian leg of the 2000 Sydney Olympics Torch Relay. Council site Stable On The Strand
8.
The Strand Station
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The Strand Station is a railway station located on the eastern edge of Auckland CBD, where it served as the citys main railway station from 1930 to 2003. The station is used as the northern terminus of the Northern Explorer long-distance service to Wellington. Suburban services do not pass through the station, but it can serve as a backup for Britomart Transport Centre, the station opened in 1930, replacing the previous railway terminus on Queen Street. It was the station to serve as the rail terminus for Auckland, and remained the sole station serving the CBD until its closure in July 2003. These platforms have been used for Northern Explorer services from December 2015 onwards, the building was designed by William Henry Gummer, a student of Sir Edward Lutyens and architect of various notable New Zealand buildings such as the Dilworth Building in Queen Street. The station was built by the New Zealand Public Works Department between 1928 and 1930 and sits on reclaimed land close to the wharves and it replaced a smaller terminal on the site of Britomart. The grand and ornate building was intended to serve as a gateway to the city, the station was designed by Gummer and Ford, who were New Zealands premier architects in the early twentieth century. It has great importance for its associations with the public building programme of the 1920s. The symmetrical facade of the three storey-high building was constructed of reinforced concrete, faced with brick and granite and it is approached by a sweeping ramp on either side of the building, enclosing a landscaped garden immediately to the front. The buildings design echoed American models, such as Union Station in Washington, D. C. and Pennsylvania Station in New York City, considered the most striking and luxurious examples of the time. It has also been compared with Grand Central Terminal, in New York City as well. The station was given ornate public spaces and a variety of amenities, from waiting and dining rooms to shops. The looming threat of German aggression meant that its origins were quickly downplayed and obscured, the rest of the lobby is a showpiece of expensive imported marble and fine bronze detailing with a beautiful terazzo floor. The fine detailing extended to the restrooms with imported panelling, light fittings, period-style furniture, with modifications, the building was used, as the main point of arrival for rail passengers in Auckland for most of the century. In the decade that followed, the platform was used by excursion trains although, along with the rest of the platforms. In 1999 the station building was converted for use as student accommodation by Auckland University. It was the largest of the residences, and had 426 bedrooms. However, in November 2008, the university announced that it would no longer be using the building for student accommodation, due to weathertightness issues and associated works
