1.
Television program
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It may be a single production, or more commonly, a series of related productions. A limited number of episodes of a show may be called a miniseries or a serial or limited series. Television series are without a fixed length and are divided into seasons or series. While there is no defined length, U. S. industry practice has traditionally favored longer television seasons than those of other countries, a one-time broadcast may be called a special, or particularly in the UK a special episode. A television film is a film that is initially broadcast on television rather than released in theaters or direct-to-video, a program can be either recorded, as on video tape, other various electronic media forms, played with an on-demand player or viewed on live television. Television programs may be fictional, or non-fictional and it may be topical, or historical. They could be primarily instructional or educational, or entertaining as is the case in situation comedy, a drama program usually features a set of actors playing characters in a historical or contemporary setting. The program follows their lives and adventures, except for soap opera-type serials, many shows especially before the 1980s, remained static without story arcs, and the main characters and premise changed little. If some change happened to the characters lives during the episode, because of this, the episodes could be broadcast in any order. Since the 1980s, there are series that feature progressive change to the plot. For instance, Hill Street Blues and St. Elsewhere were two of the first American prime time television series to have this kind of dramatic structure. While the later series, Babylon 5 is an example of such production that had a predetermined story running over its intended five-season run. In 2012, it was reported that television was growing into a component of major media companies revenues than film. Some also noted the increase in quality of television programs. When a person or company decides to create a new series, they develop the elements, consisting of the concept, the characters, the crew. Then they offer it to the networks in an attempt to find one interested enough to order a prototype first episode of the series. They want very much to get the word out on what types of shows they’re looking for, to create the pilot, the structure and team of the whole series must be put together. If the network likes the pilot, they pick up the show to air it the next season, sometimes they save it for mid-season, or request rewrites and further review
2.
Television in the United States
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Television is one of the major mass media of the United States. The peak ownership percentage of households with at least one television set occurred during the 1996–97 season, individual broadcast television stations in the U. S. transmit on either VHF channels 2 through 13 or UHF channels 14 through 51. Over-the-air and subscription television networks, however, are not required to file for a license to operate, channels are usually sold in groups, rather than singularly. A la carte subscription services in the U. S, the United States has a decentralized, market-oriented television system, particularly in regard to broadcast television. The nation has a public television service known as the Public Broadcasting Service. Local media markets have their own stations, which may either be affiliated with or owned and operated by a television network. Arrangements in which television stations carried more than one network on its main signal were more common between the 1940s and the 1960s, although some continued as late as 2010. However unlike in other countries, to ensure local presences in television broadcasting, the international programming model is used in the U. S. The five major U. S. broadcast television networks are the National Broadcasting Company, CBS, the American Broadcasting Company, the Fox Broadcasting Company and the CW Television Network. The first and elder three began as radio networks, NBC and CBS respectively began operations in 1924 and 1927, weekday schedules on ABC, CBS, and NBC affiliates tend to be similar, with programming choices sorted by dayparts. Network daytime schedules consist of shows and soap operas, although one network – CBS – still carries game shows. Syndicated talk shows are shown in the afternoon, followed by additional local newscasts in the early evening time period. ABC, CBS and NBC offer network news programs each evening, local newscasts or syndicated programs fill the prime access hour or half-hour, and lead into the networks prime time schedules, which are the days most-watched three hours of television. The traditional prime time runs from 8,00 to 11,00 p. m. in the Eastern. Hour and leave that hour for their affiliates to provide programming of their own, later in the evening, drama series of various types air. Sunday is the night on American television, with many of TVs most popular shows airing on that night. At the end of time, another local news program is broadcast. Saturday mornings usually feature network programming aimed at children, while Sunday mornings include a form of public affairs program known as the Sunday morning talk shows, both of these help fulfill stations legal obligations, respectively to provide educational childrens programs and public service programming
3.
TV Guide
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In 1948, he printed New York City area listings magazine The TeleVision Guide. Silent film star Gloria Swanson, who then starred of the variety series The Gloria Swanson Hour. Wagner later began publishing regional editions of The TeleVision Guide for New England, five years later, he sold the editions to Walter Annenberg, who folded it into his publishing and broadcasting company Triangle Publications, but remained as a consultant for the magazine until 1963. The national TV Guides first issue was released on April 3,1953. The inaugural cover featured a photograph of Lucille Balls newborn son Desi Arnaz, Jr. with a photo of Ball placed in the top corner under the issues headline. The magazine was published in digest size, which remained its printed format for 52 years. The launch as a magazine with local listings in April 1953 became an almost instant success, with TV Guide becoming the most read. The initial cost of issue was 15¢ per copy. In addition to subscriptions, TV Guide was sold at the counters of grocery stores nationwide. Until the 1980s, the pieces included in each issue were promoted in a television commercial. Over the decades, the shape of the TV Guide logo has changed to reflect the modernization of the television screen, at first, the logo had various colored backgrounds until the familiar red background became the standard in the 1960s with occasional changes used for special editions. The magazine was first based in an office in downtown Philadelphia, before moving to more spacious national headquarters in Radnor. The color section was sent to regional printers to be wrapped around the local listing sections. It was under Triangles ownership of WFIL-TV that Dick Clark and American Bandstand came to popularity, most listing entries in the log included program genres after the programs title, while its running time was listed in the synopses. Originally, the majority of programs listed in the log each issue featured brief synopses, except for local and national newscasts, in addition, black-and-white ads for programs scheduled to air on broadcast stations – and later, cable channels – during prime time were included within the listings. A regular feature of the section was Close-Up, which provided expanded reviews of select programs airing each day. The advent of television would become hard on TV Guide. Channels that were listed also differed, depending on the edition, as the years went on, more cable channels were added into the listings of each edition
4.
Nick at Nite
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Nick at Nite is an American programming block that broadcasts nightly over the channel space of Nickelodeon. It broadcasts on Sundays through Wednesdays and Fridays from 9,00 p. m. to 7,00 a. m. Thursdays from 8,00 p. m. to 7,00 a. m. although it shares channel space with its parent channel, Nielsen counts Nick at Nite as a separate channel from Nickelodeon for ratings purposes. Both services are sometimes referred to as Nickelodeon/Nick at Nite. Nick at Nite appeals to adult and/or adolescent audiences with a lineup of mainly live-action sitcom reruns, the content on Nick at Nite is not as raunchy or violent as content on other primetime networks, encouraging a crossover audience between it and Nickelodeon viewers. As of February 2015, Nick at Nite is available to approximately 94,792,000 pay television households in the United States. After futile attempts at original program development, Laybourne asked programming and branding consultants Alan Goodman, after being presented with over 200 episodes of The Donna Reed Show, Goodman and Seibert conceived the idea of the first oldies TV network. Fred/Alan developed the original logo with Tom Corey and Scott Nash of Boston advertising firm Corey McPherson Nash, Nick at Nite debuted at 8,00 p. m. Eastern Time on July 1,1985, as a block on Nickelodeon. Its initial programming was a mix of sitcoms, movies and one series, led by Dennis the Menace, and accompanied by The Donna Reed Show, the offbeat comedy Turkey Television. The same five-hour block of programs originally repeated from 1,00 a. m. and ran until Nickelodeon began its broadcast day at 6,00 a. m. As Nick at Nite grew, it would add to its library of shows – branching out to rerun sketch comedy and it also briefly reran the 1970s mock local talk show Fernwood 2 Night. As the years went by, the channels sitcom library swelled to over a hundred shows, for the channels 20th birthday celebration in June 2005, TV Land aired an episode from almost every series that had appeared on Nick at Nite. Each episode was introduced with its history, episode number, in 2006, the coloring of Nick at Nites logo was changed from blue to orange, in order to match the coloring of Nickelodeons logo. The updated logo debuted in promos in March 2002, however, the Up Next bumpers, station idents, and on-screen bug did not begin using the updated logo until September 1,2002. Nick at Nites times of operation have changed several times over the years, to at one point beginning as late as 9,00 p. m. Eastern Time on Sunday through Thursdays and ending as early as 5,30 a. m. The network also stopped airing the closing credits for most of its programs. In 2013, Nick@Nite made a change to its logo. Nick at Nite is known as the first classic TV network, the network also airs occasional movies, as well as some Nickelodeon original programs such as See Dad Run and Instant Mom during early primetime hours
5.
TV Land
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TV Land is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by Viacom Global Entertainment Group, a unit of the Viacom Media Networks division of Viacom. The network is headquartered at One Astor Plaza in New York City, as of July 2015, TV Land is available to approximately 91.432 million pay television households in the United States. TV Land launched on April 29,1996, as a 24-hour offshoot of Nickelodeons successful nighttime classic television block Nick at Nite, until the end of 1996, it was branded as Nick at Nites TV Land to provide reassurance to new viewers of who was behind the channel. Programs featured on the network during its year included Hill Street Blues, St. Elsewhere, The Ed Sullivan Show, Gunsmoke, That Girl. TV Land also initially ran a block of detective series every Saturday, including Honey West, Dog and Cat, Burkes Law, the 1981 Nero Wolfe series, shortly after TV Lands debut, MCA filed a lawsuit against Viacom. MCA claimed that the intention of TV Land was to compete directly with USA, Viacom claimed that the matter had already been settled when Sumner Redstone released Frank Biondi from his contract to let him work at MCA. The suit was settled when Viacom agreed to sell its 50% stake in USA Networks to MCA. In 1997, TV Land partnered with TV Guide for a feature in the magazine, in 1999, TV Land entered into a deal with Universal Television that allowed the channel to cherry-pick from a variety of series including Emergency. Kojak, and The Hardy Boys/Nancy Drew Mysteries, in February 1999, according to Nielsen ratings data, TV Land averaged a 1.0 share during primetime, tying ESPN for 10th place among all cable networks. Its siblings, MTV and VH1, respectively tied for 17th and 26th place, TV Land celebrated its 10th anniversary on April 29,2006. The networks original continuity announcer was DJ Dan Ingram, Ingram was replaced by Harry Shearer, in 2008, TV Land added a three-hour block of infomercials to its morning lineup, airing Monday through Fridays from 6,00 to 9,00 a. m. Eastern Time. m. with reruns filling the 8,00 a. m. hour, in 2007, the network began adding series from the latter part of the 1980s and on in an effort to attract viewers in the 18 to 49 age demographic favored by advertisers. As such, TV Land no longer labels itself as a Classic TV network, the network began airing its first original programs in 2008 with the reality series High School Reunion and Shes Got the Look. Accompanying this strategy was a refresh of the graphic identity, which was designed and conceived by Trollback + Company. From October 2008 to 2011, the network ran a block that aired weeknights from 9,00 p. m. to 12,00 a. m. Eastern Time, called TV Land Prime, which depending on the featured the networks original series, movies or newer archive programming that TV Land was airing at the time. On November 23,2009, the changed its logo to a more simplified form, keeping the double-trapezoidal outline. An overhauled logo was introduced on May 8,2012, which not only features a design and different typeface
6.
Game show
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Alternatively, a gameshow can be a demonstrative program about a game. In the former, contestants may be invited from a pool of public applicants, on some shows, contestants compete against other players or another team, while other shows involve contestants playing alone for a reward or a high score. Game shows often reward players with prizes such as cash, trips and goods and services provided by the shows sponsor prize suppliers, One of the reasons that television broadcasters make game shows is because they are substantially less costly than producing scripted drama shows. Some TV game shows fall under the category of reality television, Television game shows descended from similar programs on radio. The very first television show, Spelling Bee, was broadcast in 1938. Truth or Consequences was the first game show to air on commercially licensed television and its first episode aired in 1941 as an experimental broadcast. Over the course of the 1950s, as began to pervade the popular culture. Daytime game shows would be played for lower stakes to target stay-at-home housewives, higher-stakes programs would air in primetime. During the late 1950s, high-stakes games such as Twenty One, however, the rise of quiz shows proved to be short-lived. In 1959, many of the higher stakes game shows were discovered to be rigged, an early variant of the game show, the panel game, survived the quiz show scandals. On shows like Whats My Line, ive Got A Secret and To Tell The Truth, panels of celebrities would interview a guest in an effort to determine some fact about them, in others, celebrities would answer questions. Panel games had success in primetime until the late 1960s, when they were dropped from television because of their perceived “low budget” nature. Panel games made a comeback in American daytime television in the 1970s through comedy-driven shows such as Match Game, mock the Week, QI and 8 Out of 10 Cats, all of which put a heavy emphasis on comedy, leaving the points as mere formalities. The focus on quick-witted comedians has resulted in ratings, which. Game shows remained a fixture of US daytime television through the 1960s after the quiz show scandals, lower-stakes games made a slight comeback in daytime in the early 1960s, examples include Jeopardy. Which began in 1964 and the version of The Match Game first aired in 1962. Lets Make a Deal began in 1963 and the 1960s also marked the debut of Hollywood Squares, Password, The Dating Game, though CBS gave up on daytime game shows in 1968, the other networks did not follow suit. Color television was introduced to the game genre in the late 1960s on all three networks
7.
Situation comedy
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A situation comedy, or sitcom, is a genre of comedy centered on a fixed set of characters who carry over from episode to episode. Sitcoms can be contrasted with sketch comedy, where a troupe may use new characters in each sketch, and stand-up comedy, Sitcoms originated in radio, but today are found mostly on television as one of its dominant narrative forms. This form can also include mockumentaries, a situation comedy television program may be recorded in front of a studio audience, depending on the programs production format. The effect of a studio audience can be imitated or enhanced by the use of a laugh track. The terms situational comedy or sitcom werent commonly used until the 1950s, there were prior examples on radio, but the first television sitcom is said to be Pinwrights Progress, ten episodes being broadcast on the BBC in the United Kingdom between 1946 and 1947. There have been few long-running Australian-made sitcoms, but many U. S. UK sitcoms are a staple of government broadcaster Australian Broadcasting Corporation, in the 1970s and 1980s many UK sitcoms also screened on the Seven Network. By 1986, UK comedies Bless This House and Are You Being Served, had been repeated by ABC Television several times, and were then acquired and screened by the Seven Network, in prime time. In 1981, Daily at Dawn was the first Australian comedy series to feature a gay character. In 1987, Mother and Son was winner of the Television Drama Award presented by the Australian Human Rights Commission, in 2013, Please Like Me was praised by the critics, receiving an invitation to screen at the Series Mania Television Festival in Paris. And has garnered three awards and numerous nominations, nominated to the 2012 Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts Awards for Best Television Comedy Series. Conversely, however, Canadian television has had greater success with sketch comedy and dramedy series. The popular show King of Kensington, aired from 1975 to 1980, corner Gas, which ran for six seasons from 2004 to 2009, became an instant hit, averaging a million viewers per episode. It has been the recipient of six Gemini Awards, and has been nominated almost 70 times for various awards, other noteworthy recent sitcoms have included Call Me Fitz and Schitts Creek, Letterkenny and Kims Convenience. Sitcoms started appearing on Indian television in the 1980s, with serials like Yeh Jo Hai Zindagi, since it ceased production in 1992, the show has earned an estimated billion in syndication fees alone for Televisa. Gliding On, a popular sit-com in New Zealand in the early 1980s, won awards over the course of its run, including Best Comedy, Best Drama. The first Russian sitcom series was Strawberry, which was aired in 1996-1997 on the RTR channel, however, the boom of Russian sitcoms began only in the 2000s - when in 2004 the STS started very successful sitcom My Fair Nanny. Since that time sitcoms in Russia were produced by the two largest entertainment channels of the country - STS and TNT, in 2007 the STS released the first original domestic sitcom - Daddys Daughters, and in 2010 TNT released Interns - the first sitcom, filmed as a comedy. Most American sitcoms generally include episodes of 20 to 30 minutes in length, some popular British shows have been successfully adapted for the U. S
8.
Nickelodeon
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Nickelodeon is an American basic cable and satellite television network launched on December 1,1977, and is owned by Viacom through Viacom Media Networks and based in New York City. It is primarily aimed at children and adolescents aged 7–18 while its weekday morning edutainment programs are targeted at children ages 2–6. As of July 2015, Nickelodeon is available to approximately 93.7 million pay television households in the US, the name of the channel comes from the first five cent movie theaters called nickelodeons. Nickelodeons history dates back to December 1,1977, when Warner Cable Communications launched the first two-way interactive cable system, QUBE, in Columbus, Ohio. Its C-3 cable channel carried Pinwheel daily from 7,00 a. m. to 9,00 p. m. Eastern Time, Nickelodeon launched on April 1,1979, initially distributed to Warner Cable systems via satellite on the RCA Satcom-1 transponder. Originally commercial-free, advertising was introduced in January 1984, the channel also airs reruns of select original series that are no longer in production, as well as occasional original made-for-TV movies. The channel also aired special editions of Nick News with Linda Ellerbee. The channel occasionally airs feature films produced by the networks Nickelodeon Movies film production division, although the film division bears the Nickelodeon brand name, the cable channel does not have access to most of the movies produced by its film unit. Nick Jr. – Nickelodeon currently programs shows targeted at preschool-age children on Monday through Fridays from 8,30 am-3,00 pm Eastern, the block primarily targets audiences of preschool age as Nickelodeons usual audience of school-age children are in school during the blocks designated time period. Programs currently seen in this block include Blaze and the Monster Machines, Team Umizoomi, Bubble Guppies, PAW Patrol, Max & Ruby, Saturday morning block - a morning block of primarily animated series from 9 am-12,30 pm Eastern and Pacific Time. It launched on September 22,2012, as Gotta See Saturday Mornings, recent episodes of certain original series may air when no new episodes are scheduled to air that week. The schedule features series such as SpongeBob SquarePants, Bunsen Is a Beast, ALVINNN. nicks New Saturday Night – a primetime live-action block airing from 8-10pm Eastern and Pacific Time. It launched on September 22,2012, as Gotta See Saturday Nights, recent episodes of certain original series may air when no new episodes are scheduled to air that week. The schedule features The Thundermans and Henry Danger, premieres of the networks original made-for-cable movies also occasionally air during the primetime block, usually in the form of premiere showings. SNICK – SNICK was the networks first dedicated Saturday primetime block that aired from 8,00 to 10,00 p. m. Eastern, geared toward pre-teens and teenagers, it debuted on August 15,1992. The block featured mainly live-action series, although it featured animated series. SNICK was discontinued on August 28,2004, and was replaced the following week by a Saturday night edition of the TEENick block and it was hosted by Stick Stickly, a Mr. Bill-like popsicle stick character. The block was replaced for the summer of 1999 by Henry, the Stick Stickly character was later revived for The 90s Are All That on TeenNick, which debuted in 2011
9.
I Love Lucy
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I Love Lucy is a landmark American television sitcom starring Lucille Ball, Desi Arnaz, Vivian Vance, and William Frawley. The black-and-white series originally ran from October 15,1951, to May 6,1957, after the series ended in 1957, however, a modified version continued for three more seasons with 13 one-hour specials, it ran from 1957 to 1960. It was first known as The Lucille Ball-Desi Arnaz Show and later in reruns as The Lucy–Desi Comedy Hour. The show, which was the first scripted television program to be shot on 35 mm film in front of an audience, won five Emmy Awards. I Love Lucy was the most watched show in the United States in four of its six seasons, the show is still syndicated in dozens of languages across the world and remains popular with an American audience of 40 million each year. A colorized version of its Christmas episode attracted more than 8 million viewers when CBS aired it in time in 2013 –62 years after the show premiered. A second colorized special, featuring the L. A, at Last. and Lucy and Superman episodes, aired on May 17,2015, attracting 6.4 million viewers. I Love Lucy is often regarded as one of the greatest and most influential sitcoms in history, in 2012, it was voted the Best TV Show of All Time in a survey conducted by ABC News and People Magazine. The Ricardos best friends, Fred and Ethel, are former vaudevillians, unfortunately, she has few marketable performance skills. She does not seem to be able to carry a tune or play anything other than off-key renditions of such as Glow Worm on the saxophone. However, to say she is completely without talent would be untrue, as on occasion, she is shown to be a good dancer, the show provided Ball ample opportunity to display her considerable skill at clowning and physical comedy. Character development was not a focus of early sitcoms, so little was offered about her life before the show. Her family was absent, other than occasional appearances by her bird-brained mother and she was also depicted as a devoted housewife and attentive mother. Lucys husband, Ricky Ricardo, is an up-and-coming Cuban American singer and bandleader with an excitable personality and his patience is frequently tested by his wifes antics. When exasperated, he reverts to speaking rapidly in Spanish. As with Lucy, not much is revealed about his past or family, Rickys mother appears in two episodes, in another Lucy mentions that he has five brothers. Ricky also mentions that he had practically raised by his uncle Alberto. The story, at least insofar as related to newspaper columnist Hedda Hopper, is that the met in Havana when Lucy
10.
The Mary Tyler Moore Show
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The program featured American televisions first never-married, independent career woman as the central character. It is one of the most acclaimed television programs in US television history and it received high praise from critics during its run, including Emmy Awards for Outstanding Comedy Series three years in a row, and continued to be honored long after the final episode aired. In 2013, the Writers Guild of America ranked The Mary Tyler Moore Show No.6 in its list of the 101 Best Written TV Series of All Time. Mary Richards is a woman who, at age 30. She applies for a job at television station WJM. She is instead offered the position of associate producer of the stations Six OClock News and she befriends her tough but lovable boss Lou Grant, newswriter Murray Slaughter, and buffoonish anchorman Ted Baxter. Mary later becomes producer of the show, Mary rents a third-floor studio apartment in a 19th-century house from acquaintance and downstairs landlady, Phyllis Lindstrom, and she and upstairs neighbor Rhoda Morgenstern become best friends. Characters introduced later in the series are acerbic, man-hungry TV hostess Sue Ann Nivens, at the beginning of season 6, after both Rhoda and Phyllis have moved away, Mary relocates to a one-bedroom high-rise apartment. In the third season, issues such as pay for women, pre-marital sex. In the fourth season, such subjects as marital infidelity and divorce are explored with Phyllis and Lou, in the fifth season, Mary refuses to reveal a news source and is jailed for contempt of court. While in jail, she befriends a prostitute who seeks Marys help in a subsequent episode, Mary dates several men on and off over the years, two seriously, but remains single throughout the series. In 1995, Entertainment Weekly said that TVs most famous bachelorette pad was Marys apartment, the fictitious address was 119 North Weatherly, but the exterior establishing shots were of a real house in Minneapolis at 2104 Kenwood Parkway. In the real house, an unfinished attic occupied the space behind the window recreated on the studio set of Marys apartment. Once fans of the series discovered where exterior shots had been taken, according to Moore, the woman who lived in the house was overwhelmed by the people showing up and asking if Mary was around. To discourage crews from filming footage of the house, the owners placed an Impeach Nixon sign beneath the window where Mary supposedly lived. The house continued to attract 30 tour buses a day more than a decade after production ended, at the time of Mary Tyler Moores death, on January 25,2017, the Kenwood Parkway house was for sale at $1.7 million. Mary Richards, a single native Minnesotan, moves to Minneapolis in 1970 at age 30 and her sincere, kind demeanor often acts as a foil for the personalities of her co-workers and friends. Lou Grant is the Producer of the news and his tough and grumpy demeanor initially hides his kind-hearted nature which is gradually revealed as the series progresses
11.
The Dick Van Dyke Show
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The Dick Van Dyke Show is an American television sitcom that initially aired on CBS from October 3,1961 to June 1,1966, with a total of 158 half-hour episodes spanning over five seasons. The show was created by Carl Reiner and starred Dick Van Dyke, Rose Marie, Morey Amsterdam, Larry Mathews and it centered on the work and home life of television comedy writer Rob Petrie. The show was produced by Reiner with Bill Persky and Sam Denoff, the music for the shows theme song was written by Earle Hagen. The series won 15 Emmy Awards, in 1997, the episodes Coast-to-Coast Big Mouth and It May Look Like a Walnut were ranked at 8 and 15 respectively on TV Guides 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time. In 2002, it was ranked at 13 on TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time and in 2013, the two main settings show the work and home life of Rob Petrie, the head writer of a comedy/variety show produced in Manhattan. Viewers are given a look at how a television show was written. Many scenes deal with Rob and his co-writers, Buddy Sorrell, Mel Cooley, a balding straight man and recipient of numerous insulting one-liners from Buddy, was the shows producer and the brother-in-law of the shows star, Alan Brady. As Rob, Buddy, and Sally write for a comedy show, Other scenes focus on the home life of Rob, his wife Laura, and son Richie, who live at 148 Bonnie Meadow Road in suburban New Rochelle, New York. Also often seen are their neighbors and best friends, Jerry Helper, a dentist. In the pilot, Carl Reiner, who created the show based on his own experiences as a TV writer, played Robbie Petrie, with a long first e, the pilot was unsuccessful, which led Reiner to rework the show with Dick Van Dyke playing the central character. The pilot was subsequently the basis of the series episode Father of the Week. Reiner considered moving the production of the series to full color as early as three, only to drop the idea when he was informed that it would add about $7,000 to the cost of each episode. On December 11,2016, two episodes from the series were presented on CBS-TV colorized, the Last Chapter was the last episode that aired, The Gunslinger was the last episode filmed. Main, Robert Simpson Rob Petrie – head writer for The Alan Brady Show, the role of Rob Petrie was almost given to Johnny Carson, but Sheldon Leonard, the shows executive producer, suggested Van Dyke. As a 17-year-old dancer in the United Service Organizations, she met, then, she became a stay-at-home mom. About 60 actresses auditioned for the part before Moore was signed, Moore later wrote that she almost skipped the audition. Maurice Buddy Sorrell – an energetic and at times sarcastic human joke machine, one of the comedy writers, Amsterdam was recommended for the role by Rose Marie as soon as she had signed on to the series. Buddy is constantly making fun of Mel Cooley, the producer, for being bald
12.
Seinfeld
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Seinfeld is an American sitcom that originally ran for nine seasons on NBC, from 1989 to 1998. It was created by Larry David and Jerry Seinfeld, the latter starring as a version of himself. It is often described as being a show about nothing, as many of its episodes are about the minutiae of daily life, Seinfeld was produced by Castle Rock Entertainment. In syndication, the series has been distributed by Sony Pictures Television since 2002, a favorite among critics, the series led the Nielsen ratings in seasons six and nine, and finished among the top two every year from 1994 to 1998. In 2002, TV Guide named Seinfeld the greatest television program of all time, E. named it the number 1 reason the 90s ruled. In 2013, the Writers Guild of America named Seinfeld the No.2 Best Written TV Series of All Time and that same year, Entertainment Weekly named it the No.3 best TV series of all time and TV Guide ranked it at No.2. Main Jerry Seinfeld – Jerry is a minor celeb stand-up comedian who is depicted as the voice of reason amidst the general insanity generated by the people in his world. The in-show character is a mild germaphobe and neat freak, as well as an avid Superman, New York Mets, Jerrys apartment is the center of a world visited by his eccentric friends and a focus of the show. Plot lines often involve Jerrys social interactions and romantic relationships around New York City and he typically finds minor, pedantic reasons to break up with women, including a habit of eating peas one at a time, oversized man hands and an irritating laugh. Other plot lines involve his longtime enemy Newman and his overbearing relatives, Elaine Benes – Elaine is Jerrys ex-girlfriend and later friend. She is attractive and genial, while also being humorous, arrogant and she sometimes has a tendency to be too honest with people, which often gets her into trouble. She usually gets caught up in her boyfriends quirks, eccentric employers unusual behaviors and idiosyncrasies, and she tends to make poor choices in men she chooses to date and is often overly reactionary. First she works at Pendant Publishing with Mr. Lippman, is hired as a personal assistant for Mr. Pitt. One of Elaines trademark moves is her forceful shove while exclaiming Get Out, when she receives good, objectionable or surprising news. Another is her memorable Little Kicks dance move, which is described as a full body heave accompanied by a double-fisted thumbs-up and she hates The English Patient, which is met with significant social disapproval. Elaine is popularly described as an amalgamation of Davids and Seinfelds girlfriends during their days in New York as struggling comedians. Cosmo Kramer – Kramer is Jerrys wacky neighbor and his trademarks include his humorous upright pompadour hairstyle, vintage clothes, and energetic sliding bursts through Jerrys apartment door. Kramer was heavily based on a neighbor of Davids during his amateur comedic years in Manhattan and this is seen in his success with women and employers
13.
Cheers
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Cheers is an American sitcom that ran on NBC from September 30,1982 to May 20,1993, with a total of 270 half-hour episodes spanning over eleven seasons. The show was produced by Charles/Burrows/Charles Productions in association with Paramount Network Television, the show was created by the team of James Burrows, Glen Charles, and Les Charles. The show is set in a bar named Cheers in Boston, Massachusetts, where a group of locals meet to drink, relax, the shows main theme song, written and performed by Gary Portnoy lent its famous refrain Where Everybody Knows Your Name as the shows tagline. After premiering on September 30,1982, it was canceled during its first season when it ranked almost last in ratings for its premiere. Cheers, however, eventually became a highly rated show in the United States, earning a top-ten rating during eight of its eleven seasons. The show spent most of its run on NBCs Thursday night Must See TV lineup and its widely watched series finale was broadcast on May 20,1993, and the shows 270 episodes have been successfully syndicated worldwide. Nominated for Outstanding Comedy Series for all eleven of its seasons on the air, the character Frasier Crane was featured in his eponymous spin-off show, which aired until 2004 and included guest appearances by virtually all of the major and minor Cheers characters. During its run, Cheers became one of the most popular series of all time and has received critical acclaim. In 1997, the episodes Thanksgiving Orphans and Home Is the Sailor, aired originally in 1987, were respectively ranked No.7, in 2002, Cheers was ranked No.18 on TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time. In 2013, the Writers Guild of America ranked it as the eighth best written TV series, before the Cheers pilot Give Me a Ring Sometime was completed and aired in 1982, the series originally consisted of four employees in the first script. Neither Norm Peterson nor Cliff Clavin, regular customers of Cheers, were featured, in later years, Woody Boyd replaces Coach, who dies off-screen in season four to account for actor Nicholas Colasantos death. Frasier Crane starts as a character and becomes a permanent character. In season six, they added a new character Rebecca Howe, Lilith Sternin starts as a one-time character in an episode of season four, Second Time Around. After she appears in two episodes in five, she becomes a recurring character, and later featured as a permanent one for season ten. Ted Danson portrays Sam Malone, a bartender and an owner of Cheers, before the series began, he was a baseball relief pitcher for the Boston Red Sox nicknamed Mayday Malone until he became an alcoholic, harming his career. He has an on-again, off-again relationship with Diane Chambers, his class opposite, during their off-times, Sam has flings with many not-so-bright sexy women, yet fails to pursue a meaningful relationship and fails to seduce other women, such as intellectuals. After Diane is written out of the series, he tries to pursue Rebecca Howe, at the end of the series, he is still unmarried and recovering from sexual addiction with a help of Dr. Robert Suttons group meetings, advised by Frasier. Shelley Long portrays Diane Chambers, an academic, sophisticated graduate student, in the pilot Diane is abandoned by her fiancé, leaving her without a job, a man, or money
14.
The Odd Couple (1970 TV series)
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The Odd Couple, formally titled onscreen Neil Simons The Odd Couple, is an American television situation comedy broadcast from September 24,1970, to March 7,1975, on ABC. It stars Tony Randall as Felix Unger and Jack Klugman as Oscar Madison, the show is based on the play of the same name, which was written by Neil Simon. Felix and Oscar are both divorced and they share a Manhattan apartment, and their different lifestyles inevitably lead to conflicts and laughs. In 1997, the episodes Password and The Fat Farm were ranked #5 and #58, respectively, the show received three nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series. Its fourth season, from 1973–74, remains the most recent nominee for a show aired during a Friday time slot. The original casting considerations for the TV show included Mickey Rooney or Martin Balsam as Oscar, eventually Tony Randall and Jack Klugman were hired. Both had starred in different productions of the play, Randall, who was hired first, had still wanted Mickey Rooney to play Oscar. The shows co-executive producer, Garry Marshall, had to lobby hard to get Klugman successfully hired, the show premiered September 24,1970 on ABC. During the first season it was filmed using the single-camera method, the apartment set was re-used from the 1968 film version. Thereafter, the show was filmed with three cameras and performed like a play in front of a studio audience. The apartment set was rebuilt and rearranged to allow more of the apartment to be seen by the audience while less important areas were moved out of audience view. Throughout its run, The Odd Couple was juggled around ABCs programming schedule, the show struggled in the Nielsen ratings and was canceled at the end of every season. However, ABC renewed the show for upcoming season because the ratings for the summer reruns were high. In the final episode, Felix Remarries, Felix finally wins Gloria back. The final scene unfolds in this way, as the two say their goodbyes, Felix, Your dinners in the oven, turn it off in 20 minutes, five years ago you took me in, a broken man on the verge of … mental collapse. I leave here a cured human being, Oscar, Felix, you know how Im gonna salute you. Felix, It has not been in vain, Oscar, Im not gonna clean that up. Felix, I knew he wouldnt clean it up, the 114 episodes went on to syndication and home video
15.
Breaking Bad
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Breaking Bad is an American crime drama television series created and produced by Vince Gilligan. The show originally aired on the AMC network for five seasons, from January 20,2008 and it tells the story of Walter White, a struggling high school chemistry teacher diagnosed with inoperable lung cancer. The title is from a Southern colloquialism meaning to raise hell, Breaking Bad is set and was filmed in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Walters family consists of his wife Skyler and children, Walter, Jr. the show also features Skylers sister Marie Schrader, and her husband Hank, a Drug Enforcement Administration agent. Walter hires lawyer Saul Goodman, who connects him with private investigator and fixer Mike Ehrmantraut and in turn Mikes employer, the final season introduces the characters Todd Alquist and Lydia Rodarte-Quayle. Breaking Bad is widely regarded as one of the greatest television series of all time, by the time the series finale aired, the series was among the most-watched cable shows on American television. In 2013, Breaking Bad entered the Guinness World Records as the most critically acclaimed show of all time, Breaking Bad was created by Vince Gilligan, who spent several years writing the Fox series The X-Files. Gilligan wanted to create a series in which the protagonist became the antagonist, Television is historically good at keeping its characters in a self-imposed stasis so that shows can go on for years or even decades, he said. When I realized this, the next step was to think. He added that his goal with Walter White was to him from Mr. Chips into Scarface. The show title is based on a Southern colloquialism meaning, among other things, raising hell, according to Time entertainment editor Lily Rothman, the term has a broader meaning and is an old phrase which connotes more violence than raising hell does. As the series progressed, Gilligan and the staff of Breaking Bad made Walter increasingly unsympathetic. Gilligan said during the run of the series, Hes going from being a protagonist to an antagonist and we want to make people question who theyre pulling for, and why. Cranston said by the season, I think Walts figured out its better to be a pursuer than the pursued. Hes well on his way to badass, while still pitching the show to studios, Gilligan was initially discouraged when he learned of the existing series Weeds and its similarities to the premise of Breaking Bad. While his producers convinced him that the show was different enough to still be successful, the network ordered nine episodes for the first season, but the 2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike limited the production to seven episodes. Once Gilligan recognized that this would mean wed always have to be avoiding the Sandia Mountains in shots directed toward the east and it was shot primarily on 35 mm film, with digital cameras employed as needed for additional angles, point of view shots and time-lapse photography. Breaking Bad reportedly cost $3 million per episode to produce, higher than the average cost for a cable program
16.
Rescue Me (U.S. TV series)
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Rescue Me is an American comedy-drama television series that premiered on the FX on July 21,2004 and concluded on September 7,2011. The series focuses on the professional and personal lives of a group of New York City firefighters, the protagonist and focal point of the series is veteran New York City Firefighter Tommy Gavin. The series follows Tommys troubled family and co-workers as they deal with life issues. Tommy struggles with the loss of his cousin and best friend, Firefighter Jimmy Keefe, as well as fifty-nine other firefighters whom he knew, Jimmy frequently visits Tommy in ghostly dreams. Tommy is an impatient, self-loathing, hypocritical, manipulative, relapsed alcoholic who suffers with severe survivor guilt, in the pilot episode, Tommy and his wife Janet have already separated, although they are technically still married, and Tommy has moved across the street. Rescue Me mainly focuses on the family of Tommy Gavin and the men of Tommys firehouse, the show opens by exploring their lives, both at home and inside the firehouse. It also features the well-known comedian Denis Leary, who carries his humorous nature over into the show. Gavin and his wife, Janet are separated and, from across the street, he sees her begin to again and plans to get her back and prevent her from taking his children. Janet separated from Tommy several months prior, due to his failure to commit to his family and open up about 9/11. Tommy also begins an affair with Jimmys widow Sheila, and Probationary Firefighter, or probie Mike Silletti begins to date a fat chick named Theresa. Lt. Ken Shea, Tommys superior officer, deals with 9/11 by secretly writing poetry, after firefighter Billy Warren dies in a fire, the city sends Laura Miles to replace him. She clashes with the guys in general and with Tommy in particular and she is watching him, and believes he is becoming dangerous as he takes more and more seemingly unnecessary risks on the job. In the final scene of the finale, Tommy shows up at his wifes house to find her. While consuming a bottle of vodka he finds in a cupboard, the second season premiered on June 21,2005. It began with Tommy at a new firehouse on Staten Island and his replacement at 62 Truck, Sully, while responding to a fire at an underground sex club, they discover that the woman they rescued is really Sully in a black leather skirt and bustier. The next day, Sully requests a transfer because he knows that the crew will never let him live that down and this clears the way for Tommy to return. Back in the old house Tommy shifts his focus to finding his family and dealing with his father, Sheila has a miscarriage, but lies about it to keep Tommy near. Later on in the season, Sheila gets involved in a relationship with a woman who turns abusive towards Sheila, meanwhile, Tommy and Johnny Gavin find out that their father had a long, on-going affair during their childhood, which produced two children
17.
The X-Files
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The X-Files is an American science fiction drama television series created by Chris Carter, which originally aired from September 10,1993 to May 19,2002 on Fox. The program spanned nine seasons, included 202 episodes, and a film of the same name. Later in 2008, a film was made and preceded a tenth season revival. The series revolves around FBI special agents Fox Mulder and Dana Scully who investigate X-Files, early in the series, both agents become pawns in a larger conflict and come to trust only each other and a very few select people. The agents also discover an agenda of the government to keep the existence of life a secret. They develop a relationship which begins as a platonic friendship. In addition to the story arc, Monster-of-the-Week episodes form roughly two-thirds of all episodes. When creating the characters, Carter sought to reverse gender stereotypes by making Mulder a believer. The first seven seasons featured Duchovny and Anderson equally, in the last two seasons, Anderson took precedence while Duchovny appeared intermittently. New main characters were introduced, FBI agents John Doggett and Monica Reyes, Mulder and Scullys boss, Assistant Director Walter Skinner, also became a main character. The first five seasons of The X-Files were filmed and produced in Vancouver, British Columbia, the series later returned to Vancouver to film The X-Files, I Want to Believe as well as the tenth season of the series. The X-Files was a hit for the Fox network and received positive reviews. Initially considered a series, it turned into a pop culture touchstone that tapped into public mistrust of governments and large institutions and embraced conspiracy theories. Both the series itself and lead actors Duchovny and Anderson received multiple awards and nominations, the series also spawned a franchise which includes The Lone Gunmen spin-off, two theatrical films and accompanying merchandise. The revival premiered on January 24,2016, the X-Files follows the careers and personal lives of FBI Special Agents Fox Mulder and Dana Scully. Mulder is a profiler and strong believer in the supernatural. He is also adamant about the existence of intelligent extraterrestrial life and this set of beliefs earns him the nickname Spooky Mulder and an assignment to a little-known department that deals with unsolved cases, known as the X-Files. His belief in the springs from the claimed abduction of his sister Samantha Mulder by extraterrestrials when Mulder was 12
18.
CBS
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CBS is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation. The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major facilities and operations in New York City. CBS is sometimes referred to as the Eye Network, in reference to the iconic logo. It has also called the Tiffany Network, alluding to the perceived high quality of CBS programming during the tenure of William S. Paley. It can also refer to some of CBSs first demonstrations of color television, the network has its origins in United Independent Broadcasters Inc. a collection of 16 radio stations that was purchased by Paley in 1928 and renamed the Columbia Broadcasting System. Under Paleys guidance, CBS would first become one of the largest radio networks in the United States, in 1974, CBS dropped its former full name and became known simply as CBS, Inc. In 2000, CBS came under the control of Viacom, which was formed as a spin-off of CBS in 1971, CBS Corporation is controlled by Sumner Redstone through National Amusements, which also controls the current Viacom. The television network has more than 240 owned-and-operated and affiliated stations throughout the United States. The origins of CBS date back to January 27,1927, Columbia Phonographic went on the air on September 18,1927, with a presentation by the Howard Barlow Orchestra from flagship station WOR in Newark, New Jersey, and fifteen affiliates. Operational costs were steep, particularly the payments to AT&T for use of its land lines, in early 1928 Judson sold the network to brothers Isaac and Leon Levy, owners of the networks Philadelphia affiliate WCAU, and their partner Jerome Louchenheim. With the record out of the picture, Paley quickly streamlined the corporate name to Columbia Broadcasting System. He believed in the power of advertising since his familys La Palina cigars had doubled their sales after young William convinced his elders to advertise on radio. By September 1928, Paley bought out the Louchenheim share of CBS, during Louchenheims brief regime, Columbia paid $410,000 to A. H. Grebes Atlantic Broadcasting Company for a small Brooklyn station, WABC, which would become the networks flagship station. WABC was quickly upgraded, and the relocated to 860 kHz. The physical plant was relocated also – to Steinway Hall on West 57th Street in Manhattan, by the turn of 1929, the network could boast to sponsors of having 47 affiliates. Paley moved right away to put his network on a financial footing. In the fall of 1928, he entered talks with Adolph Zukor of Paramount Pictures. The deal came to fruition in September 1929, Paramount acquired 49% of CBS in return for a block of its stock worth $3.8 million at the time
19.
The Contest
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The Contest is the 51st episode of the NBC sitcom Seinfeld. The 11th episode of the season, it aired on November 18,1992. In the episode, George tells Jerry, Elaine, and Kramer that his mother caught him masturbating, the conversation results in George, Jerry, Elaine, and Kramer entering into a contest to determine who can go for the longest period of time without masturbating. The episode was controversial when broadcast because NBC thought that masturbation was not a suitable for prime time television. As a result, the word masturbation is never used in the episode, instead, the subject is described using a series of euphemisms, while the meaning of the subject is still made clear to the audience. The writer of the episode, Larry David, won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Writing in a Comedy Series for his work on the episode. One of the used in the episode is master of my domain. It has since become a catchphrase in popular culture, although it is not always used in reference to masturbation, the episode was ranked #1 on TV Guides 2009 list of 100 Greatest Episodes of All-Time. The fourth season of Seinfeld has a story arc, in which Jerry. In the previous episode, The Virgin, Jerry had started dating Marla, the episode begins with Jerry, Kramer, and Elaine dining at Monks Café. George enters and says, My mother caught me, George says hell never do that again, and when the others express skepticism, Jerry and George make a $100 bet over who can go the longest without masturbating. Kramer then joins the bet, as does Elaine, however, Elaine is persuaded to bet $150, because the men claim that it is harder for men not to masturbate, as it is part of a mans lifestyle. Kramer is almost immediately out, due to the presence of a beautiful exhibitionist woman in the apartment across the street who walks around with the curtains open. Kennedy, Jr. Jerry is tempted by the woman across the street. One method he uses to distract himself is by watching wholesome shows like Tiny Toons on Nickelodeon, the contest affects their sleep, and the remaining contestants suffer insomnia. Only the eliminated Kramer can sleep peacefully, Elaine shares a cab ride with Kennedy, and she tells him that she lives Uptown near Jerry in order to extend the ride. She then learns that Kennedy wants to see her, and says hell drop by Jerrys apartment, eventually, the pressure becomes too much for her and she is the second person to be knocked out of the contest. While making out on the couch, Marla asks Jerry if they can have sex, however, Jerry then tells Marla about the contest, prompting Marla to leave in disgust
20.
The Parking Garage
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The Parking Garage is the 23rd episode of the situation comedy Seinfeld. The episode was the episode of the shows third season. It aired on October 30,1991 on National Broadcasting Company, the episode was written by Larry David and was directed by Tom Cherones, and takes place entirely in a parking garage. The episode The Parking Garage has received positive reviews with many critics calling it better than the previous episode about nothing. It was ranked #33 on TV Guides 1997 list of the 100 Greatest TV episodes of All Time, the episode received a 12. 1/19 Nielsen rating. The gang is in search of Kramers car in the parking garage of a shopping mall in New Jersey after Kramer purchases an air conditioner. Unfortunately, no one can remember where the car was parked, after carrying the air conditioner for some time, an exhausted Kramer decides to leave it behind one of the parked cars and tries to memorize the number of the parking space. Elaine fears that her new goldfish will die in the bag before they can arrive home. Also, Jerry has to go to the bathroom badly, one of the indifferent men that she begs is Larry Charles, a staff writer on Seinfeld. Kramer badgers Jerry to do it in some dark corner where no one can see him, after Jerry reluctantly does so, he is spotted by a security guard and is taken to the guards office. Meanwhile, Kramer, Elaine and George wonder where Jerry is - George moans, Unbelievable, the guy goes to pee, he never comes back. Its like a fiction story. Elaine goes off on her own to him, Kramer. Later, George also gets caught in the act of urinating, both Jerry and George are fined and released. After the two find Elaine, Jerry convinces George to ask a woman, whom they saw earlier in the episode. The woman accepts without hesitation, and the gang all enter the womans car, moments later, the woman kicks them out after George says something to the woman that makes her explode in anger. Ironically, the gang is dropped off right by Kramers car but unfortunately, Kramer, hours pass by as George, Jerry and Elaine wait. Finally, Kramer shows up, having gone on his own hunt for the air conditioner because he forgot where he left it, elaines goldfish did not survive and George is well past the time deadline to meet his parents
21.
The Honeymooners
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The Honeymooners is an American television sitcom created by and starring Jackie Gleason, based on a recurring 1951–55 comedy sketch of the same name. The popularity of the sketches led Gleason to rework The Honeymooners as a filmed half-hour series, the final episode of The Honeymooners aired on September 22,1956, although Gleason revived the characters sporadically until 1978. The Honeymooners was one of the first U. S. television shows to portray working-class married couples in a gritty, the program is also popular internationally, particularly in Canada, Poland and Scandinavian countries Norway and Sweden. The majority of The Honeymooners focused on its four principal characters on fixed sets within a Brooklyn apartment building, played by Jackie Gleason—a bus driver for the fictional Gotham Bus Company based out of Brooklyn, NY. He is never seen driving a bus, but is shown at the bus depot. Ralph is frustrated by his lack of success, and often develops get-rich-quick schemes, Ralph is very short tempered, frequently resorting to bellowing, insults and hollow threats. Well-hidden beneath the layers of bluster, however, is a soft-hearted man who loves his wife and is devoted to his best pal. Ralph enjoys bowling, playing pool and being a member in the Loyal Order of Raccoon Lodge. Ralph was given membership in the union for real New York City bus drivers during the run of the show. Ralph Kramden is the inspiration for the animated character Fred Flintstone, Alice, played in the first seven episodes by Pert Kelton and by Audrey Meadows throughout the Classic 39, is Ralphs patient but sharp-tongued wife of roughly 15 years. She often finds herself bearing the brunt of Ralphs insults, which she returns with biting sarcasm and she has grown accustomed to his empty threats, One of these days. Right in the kisser. or BANG, ZOOM, to which she usually replies, Ahhh, shaddap. She studied to be a secretary before her marriage, and works briefly in that capacity when Ralph is laid off, wilma Flintstone is based on Alice Kramden. Another foil for Ralph is Alices mother, who is even sharper-tongued than her daughter and she despises Ralph as a bad provider. Alices father is mentioned but never seen. Alices sister, Agnes, appeared in one episode, Ralph and Alice lived with her mother for six years after getting married before they got their own apartment. Ralphs mother is mentioned, but appears in one episode. Ralphs father is mentioned in one episode as having given Ralph a cornet he learned to play as a boy
22.
ER (TV series)
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It was produced by Constant c Productions and Amblin Television, in association with Warner Bros. ER follows the life of the emergency room of fictional County General Hospital in Chicago, Illinois. The show became the longest-running primetime medical drama in American television history and it won 23 Primetime Emmy Awards, including the 1996 Outstanding Drama Series award, and received 124 Emmy nominations, which makes it the most nominated drama program in history. ER won 116 awards in total, including the Peabody Award, in 1974, author Michael Crichton wrote a screenplay based on his own experiences as a resident physician in a busy hospital emergency room. The screenplay went nowhere and Crichton focused on other topics, in 1990, he published the novel Jurassic Park, and in 1993 began a collaboration with director Steven Spielberg on the film adaptation of the book. Crichton and Spielberg then turned to ER, but decided to film the story as a pilot for a television series rather than as a feature film. Spielbergs Amblin Entertainment provided John Wells as the executive producer. The script used to shoot the pilot was virtually unchanged from what Crichton had written in 1974. Because of a lack of time and money necessary to build a set, the episode of ER was filmed in the former Linda Vista Hospital in Los Angeles. After Spielberg had joined as a producer, NBC ordered six episodes, ER premiered opposite a Monday Night Football game on ABC and did surprisingly well. Then we moved it to Thursday and it just took off, ERs success surprised the networks and critics alike, as David E. Kelleys new medical drama Chicago Hope was expected to crush the new series. Crichton remained executive producer until his death in November 2008, although he was credited as one throughout that entire final season. Wells, the other initial executive producer, served as showrunner for the first three seasons. He was one of the shows most prolific writers and became a director in later years. Lydia Woodward was a part of the first season production team and she took over as showrunner for the fourth season while Wells focused on the development of other series, including Trinity, Third Watch, and The West Wing. She left her executive position at the end of the sixth season. Joe Sachs, who was a writer and producer of the series, believed keeping a commitment to medical accuracy was important, Wed bend the rules. A medication that would take 10 minutes to work might take 30 seconds instead, a 12- to 24-hour shift gets pushed into 48 minutes
23.
The Bob Newhart Show
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The Bob Newhart Show is an American sitcom produced by MTM Enterprises that aired on CBS from September 16,1972, to April 1,1978, with a total of 142 half-hour episodes spanning over six seasons. Comedian Bob Newhart portrays a psychologist having to deal with his patients, the show was filmed before a live audience. The show centers on Robert Hartley, Ph. D. a Chicago psychologist, Carlin was ranked 49th in TV Guides List of the 50 Greatest TV Characters of All Time, and Riley reprised the character in guest appearances on both St. Elsewhere and Newhart. Most of the situations involve Newharts character playing straight man to his wife, colleagues, friends, and patients. A frequent running gag on the show is an extension of Newharts stand-up comedy routines, where Newhart played one side of a telephone conversation, in a nod to this, for the first two seasons, the episodes opened with Bob answering the telephone by saying Hello. Emily routinely acts as straight woman to slow-witted Howard, and on occasion to Bob, during the winter of the 1976–77 season, the program moved to 8,30 p. m. EST. For its final season during 1977–78, the moved to 8,00 p. m. EST. The program typically aired following The Mary Tyler Moore Show, which was produced by MTM Enterprises. In 1977, the show received two Emmy nominations – for Outstanding Comedy Series and for Pleshette for Outstanding Continued Performance by an Actress in a Comedy Series, Newhart was nominated for Golden Globes as Best TV Actor—Musical/Comedy in 1975 and 1976. In 1997, the episodes Over the River and Through the Woods and Death Be My Destiny were respectively ranked No.9, TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time listed it as No.44. In 2007, Time magazine placed the show on its unranked list of 100 Best TV Shows of All-TIME, bravo ranked Bob Hartley 84th on their list of the 100 greatest TV characters. In 2004, TV Land commemorated the show with a statue of Newhart in character as Dr. Hartley, seated and facing an empty couch, the statue was temporarily installed in front of 430 North Michigan Avenue, the building used for exterior establishing shots of Hartleys office. The statue is now located in the sculpture park in front of Chicagos Navy Pier entertainment complex. In 2005, the TV Land Awards honored The Bob Newhart Show with its Icon Award, in 2013, TV Guide ranked the series #49 on its list of the 60 Best Series of All Time. St. Elsewhere Jack Riley reprised his Elliot Carlin role on a 1985 episode of St. Elsewhere and partnered with Oliver Clark as the amnesiac John Doe Number Six. Carlin and Doe have been committed to the mental ward. Carlin blames his insanity on an unnamed quack in Chicago, while Oliver Clarks recurring portrayal of John Doe Number Six is essentially identical to Mr. Herd, the two are never stated to be the same individual. In a nod to the Mary Tyler Moore Show, John Doe Number Six addresses a character played by Betty White as Sue Ann Nivens, which Betty Whites character denied
24.
Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose
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Clyde Bruckmans Final Repose is the fourth episode of the third season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. Directed by David Nutter and written by Darin Morgan, the installment serves as a Monster-of-the-Week story—a stand-alone plot unconnected to the mythology of The X-Files. Originally aired by the Fox network on October 13,1995, the episode received critical acclaim, and several writers named it among the best in the series. The episode won both an Emmy for Outstanding Writing in a Drama Series as well as an Emmy for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Drama Series, the show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder and Dana Scully who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. Mulder is a believer in the abnormal, the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work, in this episode, Mulder and Scully investigate a series of murders of psychics and fortune tellers. The two are assisted by Clyde Bruckman, an enigmatic and reluctant individual who possesses the ability to foresee how people are going to die, Morgan wished to write an episode of The X-Files wherein one of the characters commits suicide at the end. Although Morgan was initially afraid to add humor to his script, several of the characters names are references to silent film-era actors and screenwriters. Notably, the features a prediction by Bruckman—that Agent Scully will not die—that is later bookended by the sixth season episode Tithonus. St. Paul, Minnesota, In a store, Clyde Bruckman, an insurance salesman, purchases a paper. In the street, he almost bumps into an inconspicuous man, after seeking his fortune, the inconspicuous man attacks and kills her. A few days later, the eyes and entrails of a tea leaf reader, FBI agents Fox Mulder and Dana Scully arrive at the scene of that murder to help the local cops, who have recruited the help of a psychic, the eccentric Stupendous Yappi. Meanwhile, after Bruckman takes the trash out for his neighbor, when interviewed by Mulder and Scully, he reveals details about the crime that he could not have known from the media accounts, which causes Mulder to believe that Bruckman has psychic ability. Mulder insists that Bruckman join them in a visit to the scene at the doll collectors apartment. Thanks to seemingly psychically gained information from Bruckman, her body is found in a nearby lake. At the police station, Mulder tests Bruckmans ability by having him handle various objects to see what they tell him and it becomes apparent that Bruckmans only real psychic talent is an ability to see details of peoples deaths. Bruckman knows that the firm is owned by one Claude Dukenfield, not through a psychic revelation and he says that Mulder and Scully will not be able to talk to Dukenfield though, because he has been murdered. Mulder and Scully drive Bruckman to a spot where Bruckman has said they will find Dukenfields body. As they tromp through the woods, Bruckman explains how he gained his ability following the death of Buddy Holly and The Big Bopper in a plane crash
25.
The Sopranos
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The Sopranos is an American crime drama television series created by David Chase. The story revolves around the character, New Jersey-based Italian American mobster Tony Soprano. The series portrays the difficulties he faces as he tries to balance the requirements of his home life. These are often highlighted during his sessions with psychiatrist Jennifer Melfi. The series features Tonys family members, mafia colleagues and rivals, in prominent roles and story arcs, most notably his wife Carmela and protégé Christopher Moltisanti. After the pilot was ordered in 1997, the show premiered on the cable network HBO in the United States on January 10,1999. The series then went through syndication and has been broadcast on A&E in the United States, the Sopranos was produced by HBO, Chase Films, and Brad Grey Television. It was primarily filmed at Silvercup Studios, New York City, the executive producers throughout the shows run were David Chase, Brad Grey, Robin Green, Mitchell Burgess, Ilene S. Landress, Terence Winter, and Matthew Weiner. The Sopranos is widely regarded as one of the greatest television series of all time, the series also won a multitude of awards, including Peabody Awards for its first two seasons,21 Primetime Emmy Awards and five Golden Globe Awards. A staple of 2000s American popular culture, the series has been the subject of analysis, controversy. It has spawned books, a game, high-charting soundtrack albums. Several members of the shows cast and crew who were largely unknown to the public have had successful careers after The Sopranos. In 2013, the Writers Guild of America named The Sopranos the best-written TV series of all time, before creating The Sopranos, David Chase had worked as a television producer for more than 20 years. He had been employed as a staff writer/producer for several series and had co-created one short-lived original series, Almost Grown. He made his directorial debut in 1986 with the Enough Rope for Two episode of Alfred Hitchcock Presents revival. He also directed episodes of Almost Grown and Ill Fly Away in 1988 and 1992, in 1996, he wrote and directed the television film The Rockford Files, Punishment and Crime. He served as showrunner for Ill Fly Away and Northern Exposure in the 1990s, Chase won his first Emmy Award in 1978 for his work on The Rockford Files and his second for writing the 1980 television film Off the Minnesota Strip. By 1996, he was a coveted showrunner, the story of The Sopranos was initially conceived as a feature film about a mobster in therapy having problems with his mother
26.
College (The Sopranos)
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College is the fifth episode of the first season of the HBO television drama series The Sopranos, which originally aired on February 7,1999. It was written by co-producer James Manos Jr. and series creator/executive producer David Chase, the episode was rated as the best of the series by TIME magazine, and was ranked #2 on TV Guides list of TVs Top 100 Episodes of All Time. The pair first visit Bates College, and Meadow makes a joke about the schools well-known non-sexual atmosphere, on the drive from Bates to Colby College, Tony is taken aback when his daughter asks if he is in the Mafia, and his instinctive reaction is to deny everything. When Meadow proves skeptical, he relents and admits that a portion of his income is from illegal gambling, Meadow admits to taking speed to study for SATs, but after Tony reacts angrily, will not state her source of the drugs. Both seem relieved by this mutual honesty on difficult topics, despite Meadows obvious alarm and suspicions at his agitated reaction, Tony resolves to locate the man, confirm his identity, and personally execute him, all while continuing his trip with Meadow. Tony leaves his daughter at a bar while he tracks down Petrulio. He confirms Petrulios identity when he sees a bust of Ronald Reagan in Petrulios office, Tony fails to realize that his snooping has not gone unnoticed. Carrying a handgun, Petrulio tracks Tony and his back to the roadside motel where they are staying. However, the presence of two elderly bystanders prevents Petrulio from taking a shot at an unsuspecting Tony, the next morning, Tony drops off Meadow for an interview at Colby College, and leaves to ambush Petrulio at his workplace. Tony strangles him with a length of wire as Petrulio pleads for his life. Meanwhile, back in New Jersey, Carmela has been at home recovering from a case of the flu, Father Phil and Carmela relax with baked ziti, wine, and the film The Remains of the Day. Carmelas emotions are spurred when Dr. Melfi phones to reschedule Tonys appointment, Carmela pours her heart out to Father Phil about her marriage and her fears for her children and her soul, and then takes communion with him. Carmela is nearly driven to kiss the priest romantically, but the moment is lost when his stomach revolts, the Father sleeps it off on the sofa until morning. Fabian Febby Petrulio, garroted by Tony Soprano for being an FBI informant while on Tonys college trip with his daughter Meadow, the title refers to the fact that the entire episode revolves around Tony taking Meadow on a tour of colleges in Maine. Series creator David Chase has stated that when HBO first read the script, Chase said that he believed fans would turn on Tony if the character didnt commit murder, because the omission would make him appear weak. Eventually, Chase won the decision and the episode has become a fan favorite, Chase named this as his favorite episode because of its self-contained nature. James Gandolfini and Jamie-Lynn Sigler similarly cite this installment, gas station and car chase scenes were in Rockland County, 9W Palisades, Pearl River and Orangeburg locations. Restaurant scene was filmed in The Old 76 House in Tappan, the college locations and the Maine scenes in College were actually filmed in rural New Jersey
27.
Lost (TV series)
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Lost is an American television drama series that originally aired on the American Broadcasting Company from September 22,2004, to May 23,2010, over six seasons, comprising a total of 121 episodes. Lost is a series containing elements of science fiction and the supernatural. It follows the survivors of the crash of a passenger jet. The story is told in a serialized manner. Episodes typically feature a storyline set on the island, augmented by flashback or flashforward sequences which provide additional insight into the involved character. Lost was created by Jeffrey Lieber, J. J. Abrams and Damon Lindelof, who share story-writing credits for the pilot episode, which Abrams directed. Throughout the shows run, Lindelof and Carlton Cuse served as showrunners and head writers, working together with a large number of other executive producers and writers. Due to its ensemble cast and the cost of filming primarily on location in Oahu, Hawaii. Having achieved both wide acclaim and commercial success throughout its run, Lost has been consistently ranked by critics as one of the greatest television dramas of all time. The first season garnered an average of 16 million viewers per episode on ABC. During its sixth and final season, the show averaged over 11 million U. S. viewers per episode, users of IMDb. com Pro gave Lost the highest average ranking for any television series during the first ten years of that websites operation. Season 1 begins with the aftermath of a crash, which leaves the surviving passengers of Oceanic Airlines Flight 815 on what seems to be an uninhabited tropical island. Jack Shephard, a doctor, becomes their leader and their survival is threatened by a number of mysterious entities, including polar bears, an unseen creature that roams the jungle, and the islands malevolent inhabitants known as The Others. They encounter a French woman named Danielle Rousseau, who was shipwrecked on the island 16 years before the story and is desperate for news of a daughter named Alex. They also find a metal hatch buried in the ground. While two survivors, Locke and Boone, try to force the hatch open, four others, Michael, Jin, Walt, meanwhile, flashbacks centered on individual survivors detail their lives prior to the plane crash. Season 2 follows the conflict between the survivors and the Others and continues the theme of the clash between faith and science, while resolving old mysteries and posing new ones. The four survivors in the raft are ambushed by the Others, the survivors are forced to return to the island, where they find the tail-section survivors
28.
Pilot (Lost)
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Pilot is the two-part television pilot of the ABC television series Lost, with part 1 premiering on September 22,2004, and part 2 one week later on September 29. Both parts were directed by J. J, Abrams, who co-wrote the script with Damon Lindelof. Jeffrey Lieber, who had been commissioned by ABC to write the first version of the script, many changes were made during the casting process, including the selected actors, the characters behaviors and fates. The pilot introduces the survivors of Oceanic Flight 815, who experience a plane crash, the Lost pilot is one of the most critically acclaimed television pilots of all time. Both parts earned high ratings, with Part 1 breaking the record for an episode with 18.6 million viewers. On September 22,2004, Jack Shephard awakens disoriented in the jungle, following the path it came from, Jack runs haphazardly through the jungle to a beach, where he is confronted by the carnage of the airplane crash of Oceanic Flight 815. Jack, a surgeon, administers medical aid to the survivors, assisting the pregnant Claire Littleton, enlisting Hurley to watch her, and administering CPR to Rose Henderson, saving her life. After the initial shock passes, Jack retreats to an area beyond the beach to tend to his own injuries. He asks her for assistance, which she gives by helping suture a wound on his back, Sayid Jarrah organizes a clean-up crew, while Hurley salvages meals from the planes galley and distributes them to the survivors. Shannon Rutherford refuses chocolate offered by her brother Boone Carlyle, believing that rescue is imminent, a Korean man, Jin-Soo Kwon, tells his wife, Sun-Hwa Kwon, in Korean that she should remain close to him at all times. The following morning, the two are accompanied by Charlie Pace on their way into the jungle, the cockpit is found leaning against a tree, forcing the trio to climb it to reach the cabin. Charlie disappears into the bathroom while Jack and Kate awaken the concussed pilot in the cabin, the pilot tells them that the plane had lost radio contact six hours after take off, where it turned back for Fiji and hit wake turbulence. After estimating that the flight was 1,000 miles off course before it crashed, the pilot using the transceiver. During the escape, Charlie falls and Jack returns to help him, after the monster disappears, Kate, Charlie and Jack reunite and find the pilots bloodied corpse suspended in a treetop. On the airplane, Jack jokingly tells an attendant named Cindy that his alcoholic drink is not strong. Charlie runs by while being called after by flight attendants before turbulence shakes the plane, scaring Rose, the two talk, and Rose mentions that her husband is in the bathroom. The plane gets exceptionally shaky, causing a man to hit the planes ceiling, Jack, Kate, and Charlie head back to the beach, where ten-year-old Walt Lloyd discovers a pair of handcuffs, which he shows to his father, Michael Dawson. Afterwards, James Sawyer Ford attacks Sayid, claiming he is a terrorist who blew up the plane, Sayid repairs the transceiver, but it has little battery life and does not have a signal
29.
Mad Men
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Mad Men is an American period drama television series created by Matthew Weiner and produced by Lionsgate Television. The series premiered on July 19,2007, on the cable network AMC, after seven seasons and 92 episodes, Mad Mens final episode aired on May 17,2015. According to the pilot, the phrase Mad men was a slang term coined in the 1950s by advertisers working on Madison Avenue to refer to themselves. The plot focuses on the business of the agencies as well as the lives of the characters, regularly depicting the changing moods. Season one begins in March 1960 and moves through November 1970 by the conclusion of season seven, throughout its run, Mad Men received widespread critical acclaim for its writing, acting, and historical authenticity, it has won many awards, including 16 Emmys and five Golden Globes. The show was also the first basic cable series to receive the Emmy Award for Outstanding Drama Series and it is widely regarded as one of the greatest television series of all time. In 2000, while working as a writer for Becker. Television producer David Chase recruited Weiner to work as a writer on his HBO series The Sopranos after reading the script in 2002. It was lively, and it had something new to say, here was someone who had written a story about advertising in the 1960s, and was looking at recent American history through that prism. Weiner and his representatives at Industry Entertainment and ICM tried to sell the script to HBO and Showtime. The Sopranos was completing its final season then, and the network happened to be getting into the market for new series programming. Weiner listed Alfred Hitchcock as an influence on the visual style of the series. He also was influenced by director Wong Kar-wai in the music, mise en scène and he also says that Mad Men would have been some sort of crisp, soapy version of The West Wing if not for The Sopranos. Tim Hunter, the director of a half-dozen episodes from the shows first two seasons, called Mad Men a very well-run show and he said, They have a lot of production meetings during pre-production. The day the script comes in we all meet for a first page turn, then theres a tone meeting a few days later where Matt tells us how he envisions it. And then theres a full crew production meeting where Matt again tells us how he envisions it. The pilot episode was shot at Silvercup Studios and various locations around New York City and it is available in high definition for showing on AMC HD and on video-on-demand services available from various cable affiliates. Each episode had a budget between US$2–2.5 million, though the episodes budget was over $3 million
30.
Mad Men (season 1)
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The first season of the American television drama series Mad Men premiered on July 19,2007 and concluded on October 18,2007. It consisted of thirteen episodes, each running approximately 47 minutes, AMC broadcast the first season on Thursdays at 10,00 pm in the United States. Actors Jon Hamm, Elisabeth Moss, Vincent Kartheiser, January Jones, Christina Hendricks, Bryan Batt, Michael Gladis, Aaron Staton, Rich Sommer, season one takes place between March and November 1960. It introduces the fictional advertising agency Sterling Cooper, the season begins with the new secretary, Peggy Olson, starting her first day with the firm. As the season unfolds, the backstory of enigmatic ad man Don Draper is revealed as are the growing confidence. The first season was praised for its excellence in writing, acting. It was acknowledged with numerous honors from industry awards, including the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Drama Series, the Golden Globe Award for Best Drama Series, and they both work at the small but prestigious agency Sterling Cooper. Though Don is welcoming towards her, Peggy is subject to hostility from office manager Joan Holloway. Junior accounts manager Pete Campbell, who is about to get married, takes a liking to Peggy, Don, meanwhile, has trouble balancing his life as he cheats on his repressed wife, Betty Draper, with a beatnik artist named Midge Daniels. Roger Sterling, the son of one of Sterling Coopers founding partners, cheats on his wife, Mona, with Joan. Sterling Cooper begins working for the 1960 Nixon presidential campaign, gratis and unbidden, Betty begins seeing a psychiatrist after her numb and shaking hands cause her to crash the family car. Don, initially resistant to the idea of psychotherapy, allows Betty to seek help, behind Bettys back, Don has Bettys doctor report back to Don what Betty says in treatment. Meanwhile, Don begins a relationship with Rachel Menken, the Jewish owner of a department store who seeks marketing help at Sterling Cooper. Don also has to deal with the arrival of his brother, Adam Whitman. Don gives Adam $5,000 and tells him to make a new life for himself, as Don did, Dick had grown friendly with the vagrant, and the incident further degrades his image of his father. Additionally, the vagrant teaches young Dick the hobo code, which communicates important messages via simple visual symbols, Don finds a weathered hobo sign indicating Dons father is a dishonest man. Peggy begins writing copy after ad man Freddy Rumsen recognizes her talent and she is soon given control of her own account, creating a campaign for a weight loss machine. Peggys work on the weight loss machine coincides with her own weight gain, Bert then offers Don a partnership, with a 12% share of the business
31.
All in the Family
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All in the Family is an American sitcom TV-series that was originally broadcast on the CBS television network for nine seasons, from January 1971 to April 1979. The following September, it was replaced by Archie Bunkers Place, the show is often regarded in the United States as one of the greatest television series of all time. It became the first television series to reach the milestone of having topped the Nielsen ratings for five consecutive years, the episode Sammys Visit was ranked number 13 on TV Guides 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time. TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time ranked All in the Family as number four, bravo also named the shows protagonist, Archie Bunker, TVs greatest character of all time. In 2013, the Writers Guild of America ranked All in the Family the fourth-best written TV series ever, All in the Family is about a typical working-class family living in Queens, New York. Its patriarch is Archie Bunker, an outspoken, narrow-minded white man, Archies wife Edith is sweet and understanding, though somewhat naïve and uneducated, her husband sometimes disparagingly calls her dingbat. Their one child, Gloria, is kind and good-natured like her mother. Gloria is married to college student Michael Stivic – referred to as Meathead by Archie – whose values are likewise influenced and shaped by the counterculture of the 1960s, the two couples represent the real-life clash of values between the so-called Greatest Generation and Baby Boomers. For much of the series, the Stivics live in the Bunkers home to save money, the show is set in the Astoria section of Queens, with the vast majority of scenes taking place in the Bunkers home at 704 Hauser Street. The house seen in the opening is at 89-70 Cooper Avenue near the junction of the Glendale, Middle Village, supporting characters represent the demographics of the neighborhood, especially the African American Jeffersons, who live in the house next door in the early seasons. Carroll OConnor as Archie Bunker, Frequently called a lovable bigot, a World War II veteran, Archie longs for better times when people sharing his viewpoint were in charge, as evidenced by the nostalgic theme song Those Were the Days. His ignorance and stubbornness seem to cause his arguments to self-destruct. He often rejects uncomfortable truths by blowing a raspberry, scott Brady, formerly of the Western series Shotgun Slade, also declined the role of Archie Bunker, but appeared four times on the series in 1976 in the role of Joe Foley. OConnor appears in all but seven episodes of the series run, Jean Stapleton as Edith Bunker, née Baines, Edith is Archies ditzy but kind-hearted wife. Despite their different personalities, they love each other deeply, Stapleton remained with the show through the original series run, but decided to leave before the first season of Archie Bunkers Place had wrapped up. At that point, Edith was written out as having suffered a stroke and died off-camera, Stapleton appeared in all but four episodes of All in the Family and had a recurring role during the first season of Archie Bunkers Place. In the series first episode, Edith is portrayed as being less of a dingbat and even refers to her husband as Mr. Religion. After they come home from church, something her character would not be expected to say later, sally Struthers as Gloria Stivic, née Bunker, The Bunkers college-aged daughter is married to Michael Stivic
32.
24 (TV series)
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24 is an American crime thriller television series produced for the Fox network, created by Joel Surnow and Robert Cochran, and starring Kiefer Sutherland as counter terrorist agent Jack Bauer. Each season, comprising 24 episodes, covers 24 hours in Bauers life using the real method of narration. Premiering on November 6,2001, the show spanned 192 episodes over eight seasons, in addition, a television film,24, Redemption, was broadcast between seasons six and seven, on November 23,2008. 24 returned as a 12-episode series titled 24, Live Another Day,24, Legacy, a spin-off series featuring new characters, premiered on February 5,2017, after Super Bowl LI. Throughout the series most of the plot elements unfold like a political thriller. At the conclusion of its season,24 became the longest-running U. S. espionage/counterterrorism-themed television drama ever. 24 is a drama that stars Kiefer Sutherland as Jack Bauer. Each episode typically follows Bauer, officials in the U. S. government, the episodes take place over the course of one hour, depicting events as they happen, in real time. Season 1 begins at midnight on the day of the California presidential primary, Season 2, set 18 months later, begins at 8,00 a. m. Season 3, set three years later, begins at 1,00 p. m, Jack must infiltrate a Mexican drug cartel to seize a deadly virus being marketed underground. President Palmer must deal with potential scandal that could cost him his presidency, Season 4, set 18 months later, begins at 7,00 a. m. Jack must save the lives of his new boss, Secretary of Defense James Heller, Season 5, set 18 months after, begins at 7,00 a. m. Jack is believed to be dead by everyone except a few of his closest friends and he is forced to resurface when some of those friends are murdered and he is framed by terrorists with connections to the American government. The acquisition of nerve gas by the terrorists poses a new threat, Season 6, set 20 months later, begins at 6,00 a. m. Jack is released after being detained in a Chinese prison following the events of Season 5, terrorists who hold a vendetta against Jack plot to set off suitcase nuclear devices in America. Later, Jack is forced to choose between those he loves and national security when the Chinese set their sights on sensitive circuitry that could trigger a war between the U. S. and Russia. Redemption, set years later, begins at 3,00 p. m. Jack finds himself caught up in a coup in the fictional African nation of Sangala
33.
Paley Center for Media
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The Paley Center for Media & Paleyfest Location, formerly the Museum of Television & Radio and the Museum of Broadcasting, founded in 1975 by William S. With an ever-growing collection of content broadcast on radio and television, the New York City branch is in the heart of Midtown Manhattan at 25 West 52nd Street between 5th and 6th Avenues. The Los Angeles branch is located at 465 N Beverly Drive in Beverly Hills and this was adjacent to the Doubleday Book Store on Fifth Avenue. The Museum of Broadcastings name was changed to The Museum of Television & Radio with the September 12,1991 move into the William S. Paley Building. Designed by Philip Johnson and located at 25 West 52nd Street and it has two front entrances, the one on the left is for office staff, and the main entrance on the right for the general public. The Alexander Mackendrick film Sweet Smell of Success has a location scene with different angles revealing how the neighborhood looked in the years before the building was constructed. Reservations to use the Library are made at the front desk, in addition to the elevator, a staircase on the first floor leads down to the large basement-level theater. The fourth floor has numerous Macintosh computers, used by visitors to scan titles in the collection, when a selection is made, it can be watched on the computer. Computers are available both for individuals and for groups, on another floor, visitors can hear pre-programmed channels in the Ralph Guild Listening Room, named for Ralph C. Guild, Chairman of the Board for Interep, the largest independent national sales and marketing organization specializing in radio, in the rear of the Listening Room is the museums radio broadcasting studio. The Museum of Television & Radio in Los Angeles at 465 North Beverly Drive in Beverly Hills, opened March 18,1996 in a new building designed by Richard Meier and named for Leonard H. Goldenson. When the Los Angeles building opened, it featured a collection duplicated from the tapes in the New York collection, rooms are named for the celebrity sponsors, the Danny Thomas Lobby, the Aaron Spelling Reception Area and the Garry Marshall Pool. Screenings are held in the 150-seat John H. Mitchell Theatre, the Ahmanson Radio Listening Room has headphones for use with five pre-programmed channels. The Paley Center for Media is committed to the idea that many television and radio programs are significant works, instead of collecting artifacts and memorabilia, the Paley Center comprises mostly screening rooms, including two full-sized theaters. Some television programs are from the 1940s with radio programs dating back to the 1920s, the museum does not sell the material or permit it to leave the premises. Viewing copies of programs are Hi-8mm video tape dubs. The originals are kept in a vault outside of New York City, the Paley Center has acquired many lost episodes of classic television shows and has produced documentary features about the history and impact of television and radio. In recent years, the Center has sponsored advance viewing of the episodes of each networks new programs
34.
Orlando Sentinel
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The Orlando Sentinel is the primary newspaper of Orlando, Florida and the Central Florida region. The Sentinel is owned by Tribune Publishing, the Sentinel prices are $1.50 daily and $2 on Saturdays, Sundays and Thanksgiving Day, sales tax is included at newsracks. The Sentinels predecessors date to 1876, when the Orange County Reporter was first published, the Reporter became a daily newspaper in 1905, and merged with the Orlando Evening Star in 1906. Another Orlando paper, the South Florida Sentinel, started publishing as a daily in 1913. Then known as the Morning Sentinel, it bought the Reporter-Star in 1931, Andersen eventually bought both papers outright in 1945, selling them to the Tribune Company of Chicago in 1965. In 1973, the two merged into the daily Sentinel Star. Tribune appointed Charles T. Brumback as president in 1976, harold Tip Lifvendahl was named president and publisher in 1981. The newspaper was renamed the Orlando Sentinel in 1982, john Puerner succeeded Lifvendahl in 1993, who was replaced by Kathleen M. Waltz in 2000. She announced her resignation in February 2008, howard Greenberg, already publisher of fellow Tribune newspaper the Sun-Sentinel of Fort Lauderdale, was named publisher of both papers after Waltz left. In 2008, the Tribune Company called for a redesign of the Sentinel, according to one listing, some of the Sentinels predecessors are, Orlando Reporter, 1892–1903. 1993, investigative reporting, Jeff Brazil and Steve Berry, for exposing the unjust seizure of millions of dollars from motorists—most of them minorities—by a sheriffs drug squad. Bersia, for his editorial campaign attacking predatory lending practices in the state
35.
Bonanza
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Bonanza is an NBC television western series that ran from 1959 to 1973. The show continues to air in syndication, the show is set around the 1860s and it centers on the wealthy Cartwright family, who live in the area of Virginia City, Nevada, bordering Lake Tahoe. The series stars Lorne Greene, Dan Blocker, Michael Landon, Pernell Roberts, the show is known for presenting moral dilemmas. The shows theme song itself, called Bonanza, became a hit song in its own right, only instrumental renditions, absent Ray Evans words, were ever used during the series long run. In 2002, Bonanza was ranked No.43 on TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time, the time period for the television series is roughly between 1861 to 1867 during and shortly after the American Civil War. During the summer of 1972, NBC aired reruns of episodes from the 1967–1970 period in time on Tuesday evening under the title Ponderosa. The show chronicles the adventures of the Cartwright family, headed by the thrice-widowed patriarch Ben Cartwright. Via exposition and flashback episodes, each wife was accorded a different ancestry, English, Swedish, the familys cook was the Chinese immigrant Hop Sing. Greene, Roberts, Blocker, and Landon were billed equally, the opening credits would alternate the order among the four stars. The family lived on a 600, 000+ acre ranch called the Ponderosa on the shore of Lake Tahoe in Nevada. The vast size of the Cartwrights land was quietly revised to half a million acres on Lorne Greenes 1964 song, the ranch name refers to the Ponderosa Pine, common in the West. The nearest town to the Ponderosa was Virginia City, where the Cartwrights would go to converse with Sheriff Roy Coffee, or his deputy Clem Foster. You always saw stories about family on comedies or on an anthology, but Bonanza was the first series that was week-to-week about a family, Bonanza was a period drama that attempted to confront contemporary social issues. That was very difficult to do on television, most shows that tried to do it failed because the sponsors didnt like it, and the networks were nervous about getting letters, explains Stephen Battaglio, a senior editor for TV Guide magazine. Episodes ranged from high drama, to comedy, and addressed issues such as the environment, substance abuse, domestic violence, anti-war sentiment. The series sought to illustrate the cruelty of bigotry against, Asians, African-Americans, Native Americans, Jews, Mormons, originally, the Cartwrights tended to be depicted as put-off by outsiders. Lorne Greene objected to this, pointing out that as the areas largest timber and livestock producer, the producers agreed with this observation and changed the Cartwrights to be more amiable. Though not familiar stars in 1959, the cast quickly became favorites of the first television generation, the order of billing at the beginning of the broadcast appeared to be shuffled randomly each week, with no relation whatsoever to the current episode featured that week
36.
The Golden Girls
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The Golden Girls is an American sitcom created by Susan Harris that originally aired on NBC from September 14,1985, to May 9,1992, with a total of 180 half-hour episodes spanning over seven seasons. The show stars Beatrice Arthur, Betty White, Rue McClanahan and it was produced by Witt/Thomas/Harris Productions, in association with Touchstone Television, and Paul Junger Witt, Tony Thomas, and Harris served as the original executive producers. The Golden Girls received critical acclaim throughout most of its run and won several awards and it also won three Golden Globe Awards for Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy. Each of the four received a Emmy Award, making it one of only three sitcoms in the awards history to achieve this. The series also ranked among the top-10 highest-rated programs for six of its seven seasons, in 2013, TV Guide ranked The Golden Girls number 54 on its list of the 60 Best Series of All Time. In 2014, the Writers Guild of America placed the sitcom at number 69 in their list of the 101 Best Written TV Series of All Time, the series revolves around four older, single women sharing a house in Miami, Florida. In the pilot episode, the three were joined by Dorothys 80-year-old mother, Sophia Petrillo, after the retirement home where she lived burned down. The pilot episode featured a gay character named Coco, who worked as a cook for the women, after six consecutive seasons in the top 10, and the seventh season at number 30, The Golden Girls came to an end when Bea Arthur chose to leave the series. In the hour-long series finale, which aired in May 1992, Dorothy meets and marries Blanches Uncle Lucas, Sophia was to join her, but in the end, Sophia stays behind with the other women in Miami, leading into the spin-off series, The Golden Palace. The series finale was watched by 27.2 million viewers, as of 2016, it was the 17th-most watched television finale. Stan and Dorothy eventually moved to Miami, but divorced after 38 years when Stan left her for a flight attendant. According to the timeline presented, Dorothy and Stan would have had three children, with their oldest son or daughter near 40 by the beginning of the series. However, due to a lack of continuity in the writing, Michael and Kate were repeatedly shown as being in their 20s during the run of the show, thus not being old enough to be the child with whom Dorothy got pregnant in high school. In the series episode, Dorothy marries Blanches uncle, Lucas Hollingsworth. Arthur also played Dorothys grandmother, Sophias mother, in an episode to when they lived in Brooklyn. Upon Charlies death, she moved to Miami and she eventually found work at a grief counseling center, though she later ended up as the assistant to a consumer reporter at a local TV station. In later seasons, Rose became romantically involved with college professor Miles Webber, during season six, Miles was placed into the Witness Protection Program, but returned later in the season. Their relationship continued throughout the series, and shortly into the sequel series, in season one, Rose is stated to be 55
37.
New York Daily News
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The New York Daily News, officially titled Daily News, is an American newspaper based in New York City. It is the fourth-most widely circulated newspaper in the United States. It was founded in 1919, and was the first U. S. daily printed in tabloid format and it is owned by Mortimer Zuckerman, and is headquartered at 4 New York Plaza in Lower Manhattan. The Daily News was founded by Joseph Medill Patterson in 1919, Patterson and his cousin, Robert R. McCormick were co-publishers of the Chicago Tribune and grandsons of Tribune founder Joseph Medill. On his way back, Patterson met with Alfred Harmsworth, who was the Viscount Northcliffe and publisher of the Daily Mirror, impressed with the advantages of a tabloid, Patterson launched the Daily News on June 26,1919. The Daily News was not a success, and by August 1919. Still, New Yorks many subway commuters found the tabloid format easier to handle, by the time of the papers first anniversary in June 1920, circulation was over 100,000 and by 1925, over a million. Circulation reached its peak in 1947, at 2.4 million daily and 4.7 million on Sunday. The Daily News carried the slogan New Yorks Picture Newspaper from 1920 to 1991, for its emphasis on photographs, and a camera has been part of the newspapers logo from day one. The papers later slogan, developed from a 1985 ad campaign, is New Yorks Hometown Newspaper, while another has been The Eyes, the Ears, the Honest Voice of New York. News-gathering operations were, for a time, organized using two-way radios, prominent sports cartoonists have included Bill Gallo, Bruce Stark and Ed Murawinski. Editorial cartoonists have included C. D. Batchelor, editions were published as extras in 1991 during the brief tenure of Robert Maxwell as publisher. In 1982, and again in the early 1990s during a newspaper strike, in the 1982 instance, the parent Tribune offered the tabloid up for sale. In 1991, millionaire Robert Maxwell offered financial assistance to The News to help it stay in business, when Maxwell died shortly thereafter, The News seceded from his publishing empire, which eventually splintered under questions about whether Maxwell had the financial backing to sustain it. After Maxwells death in 1991, the paper was held together in bankruptcy by existing management, led by editor James Willse, mort Zuckerman bought the paper in 1993. From its founding until 1991, the Daily News was owned by the Tribune Company, in 1948 The News established WPIX, whose call letters were based on The News nickname of New Yorks Picture Newspaper, and later bought what became WPIX-FM, which is now known as WFAN-FM. The News also maintains local bureaux in the Bronx, Brooklyn, and Queens, at City Hall, within One Police Plaza, in January 2012, former News of the World and New York Post editor Colin Myler was appointed editor-in-chief of the Daily News. Myler was replaced by his deputy Jim Rich in September 2015, ather than portraying New York through the partisan divide between liberals and conservatives, The News has played up the more mythic rift between the city’s fiends and heroes
38.
Murder One (TV series)
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Murder One is an American legal drama television series that first aired on the ABC network in the United States in 1995. The series was created by Steven Bochco, Charles H. Eglee, like many of Bochcos previous series, Murder One was produced in association with 20th Century Fox Television. In 1997, TV Guide ranked the first episode, Chapter 1, in its first season, the series starred Daniel Benzali as defense attorney Theodore Hoffman, a criminal litigator and the principal of his own firm, Hoffman and Associates. Backed by a cadre of associates, Hoffman was a gruff. Patricia Clarkson played his wife, Annie, somewhat unusually for a television drama of its time, the first season of the series revolved around a single high-profile criminal case. Stanley Tucci played Richard Cross, a charming but morally ambiguous philanthropist, Bobbie Phillips played Julie Costello, the murder victims sister and the girlfriend of Richard Cross. For the duration of one, Hoffman defended Neil Avedon. During the first part of the season, Hoffmans associates also handled smaller cases which were wrapped up within one episode. While there were many plot twists and misdirections, fundamentally the entire season consisted of one case for Hoffman & Associates. In the second season, Benzali was replaced by Anthony LaPaglia as Jimmy Wyler, the second season also featured this type of seriality, to a limited extent, three unrelated trials, over 18 episodes. The serial nature of the drama may have been problematic, leaving viewers who either missed episodes or did not see the series from its premiere at a loss. As a result, from half way through the first season. Following somewhat disappointing ratings, ABC and Bochco revamped the show significantly for the 1996–97 season, gone were Benzali and his character as well as many of the shows former regulars including Clarkson, Gedrick, Tucci and Dylan Baker. The producers brought in LaPaglia as the new owner of the firm after Hoffman retired in an attempt to save his marriage, the second season of the show was far less successful than the first. Other cast members brought in for the season included D. B. ABC did broadcast all the episodes filmed, and the plot was prematurely wrapped up in the final episode, ABC ordered the final six episodes air as a three-night mini-series in the spring of 1997. But, as the hopes for series renewal diminished, the three-night mini-series was rescheduled for the less-viewed Memorial Day weekend, the series was dropped at the end of the 96–97 season. Over its two-year run, ABC aired 41 original episodes of this series, the first season of Murder One has aired several times on cable networks such as A&E and Court TV in the United States
39.
The Partridge Family
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The Partridge Family is an American musical-sitcom starring Shirley Jones and featuring David Cassidy. Jones plays a mother, and Cassidy plays the oldest of her five children who embark on a music career. It ran from September 25,1970, until March 23,1974, on the ABC network as part of a Friday-night lineup, the family was loosely based on the real-life musical family The Cowsills, a popular band in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Through the efforts of precocious 10-year-old Danny they find a manager, Reuben Kincaid, after more persuading, Shirley agrees that the family can go on tour. They acquire an old bus, a 1957 Chevrolet Series 6800 Superior, for touring, paint it with Mondrian-inspired patterns. Subsequent episodes usually feature the band performing in various venues or in their garage, the shows often contrast suburban life with the adventures of a show-business family on the road. After the first season, more of the action takes place in their hometown than on tour. Created for television by Bernard Slade, the executive producer was Bob Claver. The show was inspired by and loosely based on The Cowsills, Shirley Jones had already been signed as mother Shirley Partridge and star of the show. The pilot was filmed in December 1969 and this unaired pilot differs from the pilot broadcast in 1970. In the unaired pilot, Shirleys name is Connie and she has a boyfriend played by Jones real-life husband at the time, Jack Cassidy, Laurie mentions her late father once getting drunk at a Christmas party, and the family has a different address and live in Ohio. The unaired pilot is unavailable on home video, the show proved popular, but the fame had its toll on several, if not most, of the starring cast. In the midst of his rise to fame, David Cassidy soon felt stifled by the show, in May 1972, he appeared nude on the cover of Rolling Stone magazine in a cropped Annie Leibovitz photo. He used the article to get away from his clean image. Among other things, the article mentions Cassidy was riding around New York in the back of a car stoned, shortly after the series ended, scriptwriter Roberta Tatum launched a lawsuit against Screen Gems concerning the creation of the show. Tatum claimed that she had submitted a similar premise to Screen Gems prior to 1970 called Bakers Half-Dozen, the matter was resolved out of court, with Tatum receiving a reported $150,000 from Screen Gems. Arte Johnson, Harvey Lembeck, Harry Morgan, Slim Pickens, Richard Pryor, Barbara Rhoades, William Schallert, Nita Talbot, Larry Wilcox, Dick Wilson, and William Windom. Others would later become famous in other roles, such as Meredith Baxter, Richard Bull, Bert Convy, Farrah Fawcett, Norman Fell, Anthony Geary, country singer Johnny Cash made a cameo appearance in the pilot episode
