Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark
Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark known as the Duchess of Kent, was a princess of the Greek royal house, who married Prince George, Duke of Kent, fourth son of King George V of the United Kingdom in 1934. They had three children: Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, Princess Alexandra, Prince Michael; the Princess was widowed in 1942. In life, she carried out many royal engagements, including the independence celebrations for Ghana and Botswana. Princess Marina was born in Athens, Greece, on 13 December 1906, her father was the third son of George I of Greece. Her mother was Grand Duchess Elena Vladimirovna of Russia, a granddaughter of Emperor Alexander II of Russia, she was the youngest of the couple's children. One of her paternal uncles was Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark, the father of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, she was baptised near the end of 1906, her godparents were: King George I of Greece. Marina spent her early years in Greece, lived with her parents and paternal grandparents at Tatoi Palace.
Along with her sisters, she was raised to be devout and religious, encouraged by her grandmother, Queen Olga of Greece. Marina's family travelled outside of Greece especially during the summer months, her first recorded visit to Britain was in 1910 after the death of her godfather, Edward VII. She met her other godmother and future mother-in-law, Mary of Teck, who treated Marina and her sisters like her own children; the Greek royal family was forced into exile when Marina was 11, following the overthrow of the Greek monarchy. They moved to Paris, while the Princess stayed with her extended family throughout Europe. In 1932 Princess Marina and Prince George, a second cousin through Christian IX of Denmark, met in London, their betrothal was announced in August 1934. Prince George was created Duke of Kent on 9 October 1934. Marina's engagement ring was made out of a "square-cut Kashmir sapphire set in platinum with a baton diamond on either side". On 29 November 1934, they married at London; the wedding was a grand affair, as it had been more than ten years since the last royal wedding with Prince Albert, Duke of York, Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon.
The wedding of Prince George and Princess Marina was the first royal wedding ceremony to be broadcast by wireless, with the use of other technology, such as microphones—the control room was located underneath the Unknown Warrior's tomb of Westminster Abbey. The service was broadcast locally and abroad to other nations, loudspeakers allowed spectators from outside the Abbey to hear what was going on; the wedding was followed by a Greek ceremony in the private chapel at Buckingham Palace, converted into an Orthodox chapel for the ceremony. This was the first time this had been done since the wedding of Princess Marina's great-aunt, Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia to Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh, during the reign of Queen Victoria; the wedding was the most recent occasion on which a foreign-born princess married into the British Royal Family. The bride's gown was in white and silver silk brocade, designed by Edward Molyneux, worked on by a team of seamstresses including, at Marina's request, Russian émigrées.
The dress featured "sheath silhouette, a draped cowl neckline, trumpet sleeves, a wide train." A tiara, given to her as a wedding gift, secured her tulle veil. Her eight bridesmaids were her first cousins, Greek princesses Irene and Katherine, her maternal first cousin Grand Duchess Kira Kirillovna of Russia, her first cousin once removed Princess Juliana of the Netherlands, her husband's niece Princess Elizabeth of York, her husband's cousins the Lady Iris Mountbatten and Lady Mary Cambridge; the Royal School of Needlework made a quilt as a wedding gift for Princess Marina and the Duke of Kent. The Duke and Duchess set up their first home at 3 Belgrave Square, close to Buckingham Palace, she became a patroness of several organizations and charities, including the Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Hospital, the Women's Hospital Fund, the Central School of Speech and Drama. She would continue to support these institutions for the rest of her life, she became close to her mother-in-law, Queen Mary, with whom she would spend time while her husband was off performing his own royal duties.
The couple had three children: Prince Edward, Duke of Kent he married Katharine Lucy Mary Worsley on 8 June 1961. They have three children. Princess Alexandra, The Hon. Lady Ogilvy she married Rt. Hon. Sir Angus James Robert Bruce Ogilvy, son of David Lyulph Gore Wolseley Ogilvy, 12th Earl of Airlie and Lady Alexandra Marie Bridget Coke, on 24 April 1963, they had two children. Prince Michael of Kent he married Marie Christine von Reibnitz on 30 June 1978, they have two children. The Duke of Kent was killed on 25 August 1942, in an aeroplane crash at Eagles Rock, near Dunbeath, Scotland, while on active service with the Royal Air Force; the Duchess, according to royal biographer Hugo Vickers, was "the only war widow in Britain whose estate was forced to pay death duties". During World War II, Marina was trained as a nurse for three months under the pseudonym "Sister Kay" and joined the
Ofsted
The Office for Standards in Education, Children's Services and Skills is a non-ministerial department of the UK government, reporting to Parliament. Ofsted is responsible for inspecting a range of educational institutions, including state schools and some independent schools, it inspects childcare and fostering agencies and initial teacher training, regulates a range of early years and children’s social care services. The Chief Inspector is appointed by an Order-in-Council and thus becomes an office holder under the Crown. Amanda Spielman has been HMCI since 2017. In 1833, Parliament agreed an annual grant to the National Society for Promoting Religious Education and the British and Foreign School Society, which provided Church of England and non-denominational elementary schools for poor children. To monitor the effectiveness of the grant, two inspectors of schools were appointed in 1837, Seymour Tremenheere and the Rev. John Allen. Dr. James Kay-Shuttleworth secretary of the Privy Council education committee, ensured that the inspectors were appointed by Order-in-Council to guard their independence.
The grant and inspection system was extended in 1847 to Roman Catholic elementary schools established by the Catholic Poor School Committee. Inspectors were organised on denominational lines, with the churches having a say in the choice of inspectors, until 1876, when inspectors were re-organised by area. After the Education Act 1902, inspections were expanded to state-funded secondary schools along similar lines. Over time, more inspections were carried out by inspectors based in local education authorities, with HMI focussing on reporting to the Secretary of State on education conditions across the country; the government of John Major, concerned about variable local inspection regimes, decided to introduce a national scheme of inspections though a reconstituted HMI, which became known as the Office for Standards in Education. Under the Education Act 1992, HMI would supervise the inspection of each state-funded school in the country, would publish its reports for the benefit of schools and government instead of reporting to the Secretary of State.
In September 2001, Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Schools in England became responsible for registration and inspection of day care and childminding in England, the position was renamed Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Education, Children's Services and Skills. This was done by 150 local authorities, based on their implementation by 1992 of the Daycare Standards provisions of the 1989 Children Act. Schedule 11 of the Education and Inspections Act 2006 changed the way in which Ofsted works without changing the provision. Since 2006 the structure of Ofsted has derived elements from business models, with a Chair, an executive board, regional officers, a formal annual report to Parliament in the light of concerns about schools, local authority children's services. In April 2007 the former Office for Standards in Education merged with the Adult Learning Inspectorate to provide an inspection service that includes all post-16 government funded education. At the same time it took on responsibility for the registration and inspection of social care services for children, the welfare inspection of independent and maintained boarding schools from the Commission for Social Care Inspection.
The services Ofsted inspects or regulates now include: local services, child day care, children's centres, children's social care, CAFCASS, state schools, independent schools and teacher training providers and learning and skills providers in England. It monitors the work of the Independent Schools Inspectorate. HMI are empowered and required to provide independent advice to the United Kingdom government and parliament on matters of policy and to publish an annual report to parliament on the quality of educational provision in England. Ofsted distributes its functions amongst its offices in London, Nottingham, Cambridge and Bristol. Ofsted only covers England; the current Chief Inspector is Amanda Spielman, appointed in January 2017 replacing Sir Michael Wilshaw. Ofsted directly employs Her Majesty's Inspectors; as of July 2009 there were 443 HMIs, of whom 82 were engaged in management, 245 in the inspection of schools, the rest in inspection of other areas for which Ofsted in responsible. All HMIs inspecting schools have teaching experience.
Most school inspections were carried out by Additional Inspectors employed by external companies known as Regional Inspection Service Providers. As of July 2009 there were 1,948 AIs. Although Ofsted claims that most of these have teaching experience, in 2012 it was forced to admit that it had done no quality control checks on these inspectors, that many of them – including lead inspectors – were not qualified teachers and many had no experience of working with children. A further scandal surrounded headteachers dismissed following poor OFSTED reports being hired as inspectors. In 2015, 40% of additional inspectors who wanted to continue working for OFSTED were not re-hired after a contractual change. Although OFSTED insisted that this was part of a quality control process and'should not be seen as an admi
Chesham Grammar School
Chesham Grammar School is a co-educational grammar school on White Hill, Buckinghamshire. There are about 1,200 male and female pupils aged between eleven and eighteen, including nearly 350 in the sixth form. In 2007 the Department for Education awarded the school specialist school status as a Humanities College. In August 2011 the school became an Academy; the school was founded in 1947 as the Chesham Technical School - a result of the Education Act 1944 which set up the tripartite arrangements of grammar and secondary modern schools. The all-boys' school was housed in only one building, now the sixth form block known as "The Curtis Centre". In 1961, the school became known as Chesham Technical High School and during the 1960s, there was huge development in the area, it became a co-educational grammar school. In 1970, the school changed its name to Chesham High School as it moved away from its technical roots; the name of the school changed to Chesham Grammar School on 7 May 2010. It is as a grammar school that CGS has seen improved results.
The school was rated outstanding in all categories by OFSTED in March 2014. Sidney Chapman Paddy Evans Ken Stokes Tim Andrew Nigel Fox Philip Wayne Annmarie McNaney Over the last couple of decades, there has been major expansion of the school, including a new maths block, a textiles block, an art block, expansion of the English block, a new library and a new drama/psychology block. There is now a new technology/art building built over, the main art room. In the last year, the Sixth Form facilities have been developed. In 2015, GCSE level results were the best in the history of the school, with 66% of results being awarded at A*/A and 100% achieving at least 5 A* - C grades, including English and maths. Philip Wayne, who joined the school in 2007, left in 2015 to take up the post of Headmaster of the Royal Grammar School, High Wycombe; the new Headteacher being Annmarie McNaney, a Deputy Headteacher of the school. Admission to the school is brokered through Buckinghamshire County Council, which operates a selective secondary education system throughout the county.
Pupils have to achieve a mark of 121 or above in the 11-plus to be eligible to attend the school. The school will be oversubscribed in year 7 2015 for the first time in living memory; the school's catchment area broadly covers the whole of Chiltern District area which includes the towns of Amersham, Chalfont St Giles, Chalfont St Peter and Chesham, larger villages such as Great Missenden and Little Chalfont. A significant proportion of the intake comes from Hertfordshire; as Chesham town is a terminus on the Metropolitan Line of the London Underground, pupils travel in from North London. The school's progress profile shows that these pupils perform at a comparatively similar level at GCSE and A level. Pupils attained places on the Prime Minister's Global Fellowship programme in the inaugural year 2008, in 2009 had two more successful applicants. Department for Education Performance Tables 2011
Samantha Lewthwaite
Samantha Louise Lewthwaite known as Sherafiyah Lewthwaite or the White Widow, is a British woman, one of the Western world's most wanted terrorism suspects. Lewthwaite, the widow of 7/7 London terrorist bomber Germaine Lindsay, is accused of causing the deaths of more than 400 people, she is a fugitive from justice in Kenya, where she was wanted on charges of possession of explosives and conspiracy to commit a felony and is the subject of an Interpol Red Notice requesting her arrest with a view to extradition. Lewthwaite was an alleged member of the Somalia-based radical Islamic militant group Al-Shabaab, she was accused of orchestrating grenade attacks at non-Muslim places of worship, is believed to have been behind an attack on those watching football in a bar in Mombasa during Euro 2012. In September 2013, there was speculation over her possible involvement in the Westgate shopping mall attack, although other reports cast doubt on this, or said her role had been exaggerated, she was dubbed the "White Widow" by the news media, a play on words referencing her race, the death of her first husband and the practice of referring to Chechen female suicide bombers as "black widows".
Lewthwaite was born to parents Andrew and Elizabeth Christine Lewthwaite in Banbridge, County Down in 1983. Her father is a former British Army soldier who served in the 9th/12th Royal Lancers and had met her mother while he was stationed in Northern Ireland in the 1970s. Following her birth the family lived for a short period in Northern Ireland, where her father worked as a lorry driver, before settling in Aylesbury, England, she attended The Grange secondary school in Aylesbury. She studied for a politics and religion degree at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, but dropped out. Lewthwaite's parents separated in 1994, friends reported that she was "badly affected by the break-up" and "sought solace from Muslim neighbours who she believed had a stronger family network." Raised as a Christian, by the age of 17 she had converted to Islam. She adopted the Muslim name Sherafiyah at the time of her conversion, she arranged to meet Germaine Lindsay at a Stop the War march in London.
Lewthwaite's parents, who "never came to terms with their daughter's conversion", refused to attend the ceremony. Three years at 8:50 a.m. on 7 July 2005, Lindsay blew himself up on a train travelling between King's Cross and Russell Square tube stations. He killed 26 civilians in his suicide attack. Lewthwaite was eight months pregnant with their second child, a daughter, at the time of his death, their first child, a son, was 14 months old. Lewthwaite reported her husband missing six days after the bombing by telephoning a helpline set up for families of the victims, she denied prior knowledge of the attacks and said: I condemn and am horrified by the atrocities. I am the wife of Germaine Lindsay, never predicted or imagined that he was involved in such horrific activities, he was father. I am trying to come to terms with the recent events. My whole world has fallen apart, my thoughts are with the families of the victims of this incomprehensible devastation, she was placed in protective custody in a police'safe house' after her home was firebombed in the immediate aftermath of the bombings.
At the inquest into the bombings, it was disclosed that Lewthwaite had associated with Mohammad Sidique Khan, the ringleader of the London bombers, before the attacks. In September 2005, Lewthwaite was criticised for selling her story, in which she portrayed herself as a victim and her husband as a "relatively recent ", "tricked into his actions by extremists", to tabloid newspaper The Sun for £30,000; the Independent reported that Lewthwaite's account conflicted with evidence from Lindsay's sister that he had converted to Islam aged 15, said that families of the victims were "unconvinced by her portrait of the bomber", while her "attempts to share the blame with others obscured the murder of innocent commuters". The Yorkshire Post said: "For good and obvious reasons, there is a law against any criminal profiting from his illegal activities by selling his story to a newspaper, and while the letter of the law has not been broken on this occasion—Ms Lewthwaite is not a criminal—its spirit has been breached."
The Daily Telegraph reported in September 2013 that Lewthwaite was subsequently believed to have met and married Habib Saleh Ghani, born in Hounslow, London in 1985. Ghani known as Abu Usama al-Pakistani, first moved to Kenya in 2007, where his mother was born, his father emigrated to Britain from Pakistan. Ghani was a contemporary of Asif Mohammed Hanif at Hounslow Jamia Islamic Centre. Hanif became Britain's first Islamic suicide bomber. Lewthwaite gave birth to a third child in 2009, but the father was not named on the birth certificate, she is reported to have moved to the north of England later to have disappeared with her children, was believed to be in hiding in Tanzania or Somalia. A Telegraph report casts doubt on the marriage to Ghani. Quoting anti-terrorist police in Kenya, the newspaper said in October 2013 that there was "no romantic relationship between the two", but that they were linked through their "associates in the same cell in Mombasa, intending to set off bombs in December 2011".
In May 2014, the Daily Mirror reported that Lewthwaite had married Hassan Maalim Ibrahim, a senior commander with the Al-Shabaab mili
Mixed-sex education
Mixed-sex education known as mixed-gender education, co-education or coeducation, is a system of education where males and females are educated together. Whereas single-sex education was more common up to the 19th century, mixed-sex education has since become standard in many cultures in Western countries. Single-sex education, remains prevalent in many Muslim countries; the relative merits of both systems have been the subject of debate. The world's oldest co-educational day and boarding school is Dollar Academy, a junior and senior school for males and females from ages 5 to 18 in Scotland, United Kingdom. From its opening in 1818 the school admitted both boys and girls of the parish of Dollar and the surrounding area; the school continues in existence to the present day with around 1,250 pupils. The first co-educational college to be founded was Oberlin Collegiate Institute in Ohio, it opened on December 3, 1833, including 29 men and 15 women. Equal status for women did not arrive until 1837, the first three women to graduate with bachelor's degrees did so in 1840.
By the late 20th century, many institutions of higher learning, for people of one sex had become coeducational. In early civilizations, people were educated informally: within the household; as time progressed, education became more formal. Women had few rights when education started to become a more important aspect of civilization. Efforts of the ancient Greek and Chinese societies focused on the education of males. In ancient Rome, the availability of education was extended to women, but they were taught separately from men; the early Christians and medieval Europeans continued this trend, single-sex schools for the privileged classes prevailed through the Reformation period. In the 16th century, at the Council of Trent, the Roman Catholic church reinforced the establishment of free elementary schools for children of all classes; the concept of universal elementary education, regardless of sex, had been created. After the Reformation, coeducation was introduced in western Europe, when certain Protestant groups urged that boys and girls should be taught to read the Bible.
The practice became popular in northern England and colonial New England, where young children, both male and female, attended dame schools. In the late 18th century, girls were admitted to town schools; the Society of Friends in England, as well as in the United States, pioneered coeducation as they did universal education, in Quaker settlements in the British colonies and girls attended school together. The new free public elementary, or common schools, which after the American Revolution supplanted church institutions, were always coeducational, by 1900 most public high schools were coeducational as well. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, coeducation grew much more accepted. In Great Britain and the Soviet Union, the education of girls and boys in the same classes became an approved practice. In Australia there is a trend towards increased coeducational schooling with new coeducational schools opening, few new single sex schools opening and existing single sex schools combining or opening their doors to the opposite gender.
The first mixed-sex institution of higher learning in China was the Nanjing Higher Normal Institute, renamed National Central University and Nanjing University. For millennia in China, public schools public higher learning schools, were for men. Only schools established by zongzu were for both male and female students; some schools such as Li Zhi's school in Ming Dynasty and Yuan Mei's school in Qing Dynasty enrolled both male and female students. In the 1910s women's universities were established such as Ginling Women's University and Peking Girls' Higher Normal School, but there were no coeducation in higher learning schools. Tao Xingzhi, the Chinese advocator of mixed-sex education, proposed The Audit Law for Women Students at the meeting of Nanjing Higher Normal School held on December seventh, 1919, he proposed that the university recruit female students. The idea was supported by the president Guo Bingwen, academic director Liu Boming, such famous professors as Lu Zhiwei and Yang Xingfo, but opposed by many famous men of the time.
The meeting decided to recruit women students next year. Nanjing Higher Normal School enrolled eight Chinese female students in 1920. In the same year Peking University began to allow women students to audit classes. One of the most notable female students of that time was Jianxiong Wu. In 1949, the People's Republic of China was founded; the Chinese government has provided more equal opportunities for education since and all schools and universities have become mixed-sex. In recent years, many female and/or single-sex schools have again emerged for special vocational training needs but equal rights for education still apply to all citizens. In China Muslim Hui and Muslim Salars are against coeducation, due to Islam, Uyghurs are the only Muslims in China that do not mind coeducation and practice it. Admission to the Sorbonne was opened to girls in 1860; the baccalaureat became gender-blind in 1924, giving equal chances to all girls in applying to any universities. Mixed-sex education became mandatory for primary schools in 1957 and for all universities in 1975.
St. Paul's Co-educational College was the first mixed-sex secondary school in Hong Kong, it was founded in 1915 as St. Paul's Girls' College. At the end of World War II it was temporarily merged with St. Paul's College, a boys' school; when classes at the campus of St. Paul'
Ellen White (footballer)
Ellen Toni White is an English international football forward who plays for Birmingham City of the FA WSL. With England's national team she played at the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup and won the bronze medal at the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup. White was part of the Great Britain team for the 2012 Summer Olympics. Having progressed through Arsenal Ladies' academy, White returned to the Gunners in 2010 after spells with Chelsea and Leeds United and joined up with Notts County White's father, Jon White, ran a soccer academy called'Mini Dux' in Aylesbury, where White played her early football, she played football for Aylesbury Town before being spotted by Arsenal Ladies scouts at the age of eight. Leaving Arsenal aged 16, White was top scorer for Chelsea Ladies for three seasons before leaving to join Leeds Carnegie in June 2008. Within months of signing for Leeds, White suffered a cruciate ligament injury that kept her out of the game for a lengthy spell. In February 2010, White scored twice as Leeds beat Everton Ladies in the final of the FA Women's Premier League Cup.
In July 2010 White was delighted to return to Arsenal after five years away. The Leeds squad had broken up following a funding crisis. White left Arsenal at the end of the 2013 season joining Notts County in time for the 2014 season. In 2014 White suffered an ACL injury and was out for the entire WSL season, in January 2015 the club confirmed she was back in training. White left Notts County in 2017 and signed for Birmingham City Ladies after her contract had expired. Despite being offered a new contract by Notts County, White made the move to the West Midlands, which seemed more prudent after the latter were disbanded. White scored the winning penalty against Chelsea to take Birmingham to the F. A. Cup final. White played for England at Under -- 20 and 23 levels, she made her senior England debut in March 2010 at home to Austria, scoring in the final minute as England won 3–0. After being selected in England's 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup squad, White scored a "wonder goal" in a 2–0 group stage win over Japan, who won the trophy.
White was recognised for her scintillating form over 2011, being voted the England Women's Player of the Year. White was selected for England's UEFA Women's Euro 2013 Squad. However, after scoring England's only goal in the friendly defeat to Sweden leading into the tournament, White was left frustrated by lack of service throughout the tournament as England crashed out at the group stage. Scores and results list England's goal tally first. In June 2012 White was named in the 18–player Great Britain squad for the 2012 London Olympics. Leeds UnitedFA Women's Premier League Cup: 2010ArsenalFA WSL: 2011 & 2012 FA Women's Cup: 2011 & 2013 FA WSL Cup: 2011, 2012 & 2013 England2007 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship: Runners Up Medal Cyprus Cup: 2013 2015 Women's World Cup: Bronze Medal 2019 SheBelieves Cup: Winner England Women's Player of the Year: 2011 & 2018 WSL 1 Player of the Month: March WSL 1 Golden Boot Winner Ellen White – FIFA competition record Profile at The Olympics
