1.
Tricky (musician)
Adrian Nicholas Matthews Thaws, better known by his stage name Tricky, is an English record producer, director and musician. Born and raised in Bristol, he began his career as a collaborator of Massive Attack before embarking on a solo career with his debut album, Maxinquaye. The release won Tricky popular acclaim and marked the beginning of a collaborative partnership with vocalist Martina Topley-Bird. He released four studio albums before the end of the decade, including Pre-Millennium Tension. He has gone on to release six albums since 2000. He has collaborated with a range of artists over the course of his career, including Terry Hall, Björk, Grace Jones. Tricky was born in the Knowle West neighbourhood of Bristol, to a Jamaican father and his mother, Maxine Quaye, committed suicide when Tricky was four due to epilepsy complications. His father, Roy Thaws, who left the family before Tricky was born, operated the Studio 17 sound system with his brother Rupert, Bristol musician Bunny Marrett claimed in 2012, It became the most popular sound system in Bristol at the time.
Tricky experienced a childhood in Knowle West, a white ghetto in Southern Bristol. He became involved in crime at an age, and joined a gang that was involved in car theft, fights. Tricky spent his youth in the care of his grandmother, who let him watch old horror films instead of going to school. At the age of 15, he began to write lyrics, at 17, he spent some time in prison after he purchased forged £50 notes from a friend, who informed the police. Tricky stated in an interview afterward, Prison was really good, in the mid-1980s, Tricky met DJ Milo and spent time with a sound system called the Wild Bunch, which by 1987 evolved into Massive Attack. He received the nickname Tricky Kid and at age eighteen became a member of the Fresh 4 and he rapped on Massive Attacks acclaimed debut album Blue Lines. In 1991, before the release of Massive Attacks album Blue Lines, some time she came to his house, and mentioned to Tricky and Mark Stewart that she could sing. Martina was only fifteen years old, but her honey-coated vox impressed them, Tricky showed Aftermath to Massive Attack, but they were not interested.
So in 1993 he decided to press a few hundred copies of the song. He cut it directly off the tape, so that the song is basically just bassline, finally, a white label got him a contract with Island Records and he started to record his first solo album
2.
Germany
Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe. It includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of 357,021 square kilometres, with about 82 million inhabitants, Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union. After the United States, it is the second most popular destination in the world. Germanys capital and largest metropolis is Berlin, while its largest conurbation is the Ruhr, other major cities include Hamburg, Cologne, Stuttgart, Düsseldorf and Leipzig. Various Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical antiquity, a region named Germania was documented before 100 AD. During the Migration Period the Germanic tribes expanded southward, beginning in the 10th century, German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th century, northern German regions became the centre of the Protestant Reformation, in 1871, Germany became a nation state when most of the German states unified into the Prussian-dominated German Empire.
After World War I and the German Revolution of 1918–1919, the Empire was replaced by the parliamentary Weimar Republic, the establishment of the national socialist dictatorship in 1933 led to World War II and the Holocaust. After a period of Allied occupation, two German states were founded, the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic, in 1990, the country was reunified. In the 21st century, Germany is a power and has the worlds fourth-largest economy by nominal GDP. As a global leader in industrial and technological sectors, it is both the worlds third-largest exporter and importer of goods. Germany is a country with a very high standard of living sustained by a skilled. It upholds a social security and universal health system, environmental protection. Germany was a member of the European Economic Community in 1957. It is part of the Schengen Area, and became a co-founder of the Eurozone in 1999, Germany is a member of the United Nations, NATO, the G8, the G20, and the OECD.
The national military expenditure is the 9th highest in the world, the English word Germany derives from the Latin Germania, which came into use after Julius Caesar adopted it for the peoples east of the Rhine. This in turn descends from Proto-Germanic *þiudiskaz popular, derived from *þeudō, descended from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂- people, the discovery of the Mauer 1 mandible shows that ancient humans were present in Germany at least 600,000 years ago. The oldest complete hunting weapons found anywhere in the world were discovered in a mine in Schöningen where three 380, 000-year-old wooden javelins were unearthed
3.
3 Years, 5 Months and 2 Days in the Life Of...
3 Years,5 Months &2 Days in the Life Of. is the debut album by American hip hop group Arrested Development, released on March 24,1992. The albums chart success was the beginning of the popularization of Southern hip hop,3 Years,5 Months &2 Days in the Life Of. Stood in stark contrast to the rap that ruled the hip hop charts in 1992, in its focus on spirituality, peace. The albums title refers to the length of time it took Arrested Development to get a record contract, the song Tennessee is part of the The Rock and Roll Hall of Fames 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll list. 3 Years,5 Months &2 Days in the Life Of. was released to critical acclaim and was voted as the best album of the year in The Village Voices Pazz & Jop critics poll. Entertainment Weeklys James Bernard praised it as a debut album and referred to Arrested Development as the anti-gangsta. Dawn of the Dreads –5,17 Tennessee –4,32 Samples Alphabet St. by Prince, washed Away –6,24 Samples Thin Line Between Love and Hate by The Persuaders
4.
United States
Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power.
The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations.
In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
5.
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland, with an area of 242,500 square kilometres, the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe. It is the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants, this makes it the fourth-most densely populated country in the European Union. The United Kingdom is a monarchy with a parliamentary system of governance. The monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who has reigned since 6 February 1952, other major urban areas in the United Kingdom include the regions of Birmingham, Glasgow and Manchester.
The United Kingdom consists of four countries—England, Wales, the last three have devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in their capitals, Edinburgh and Belfast, respectively. The relationships among the countries of the UK have changed over time, Wales was annexed by the Kingdom of England under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542. A treaty between England and Scotland resulted in 1707 in a unified Kingdom of Great Britain, which merged in 1801 with the Kingdom of Ireland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922, leaving the present formulation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain, there are fourteen British Overseas Territories. These are the remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in the 1920s, British influence can be observed in the language and legal systems of many of its former colonies. The United Kingdom is a country and has the worlds fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP. The UK is considered to have an economy and is categorised as very high in the Human Development Index.
It was the worlds first industrialised country and the worlds foremost power during the 19th, the UK remains a great power with considerable economic, military and political influence internationally. It is a nuclear weapons state and its military expenditure ranks fourth or fifth in the world. The UK has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946 and it has been a leading member state of the EU and its predecessor, the European Economic Community, since 1973. However, on 23 June 2016, a referendum on the UKs membership of the EU resulted in a decision to leave. The Acts of Union 1800 united the Kingdom of Great Britain, Scotland and Northern Ireland have devolved self-government
6.
The Mix (Kraftwerk album)
The Mix is a 1991 remix album by Kraftwerk. It featured re-recorded and in some cases re-arranged versions of a selection of songs which had appeared on the albums Autobahn through Electric Café. Hütter stated in interviews that he regarded The Mix as a type of live album, stated reasons from the group explaining the release include, The group didnt want to release a traditional Greatest Hits or Best of collection. This proved to be a task, as new upgrades. Despite no new, original recorded material or live tours outside of Europe, the album met with a rather mixed reception on its release. The album sleeve was somewhat obtuse in the information it offered, production is credited to Ralf Hütter, Florian Schneider, and Fritz Hilpert, the latter of whom had replaced percussionist and stage set designer Wolfgang Flür after Flür left the group in 1987. Karl Bartos left the band in 1991 and was replaced by Fernando Abrantes, Bartos claimed in interviews that much of his programming work was still featured on The Mix, uncredited.
A newly remastered edition of the album was released by EMI Records, Mute Records, and Astralwerks Records on CD, digital download, and heavyweight vinyl in October/November 2009. Because of licensing restrictions imposed by Warner Music Group, this version has only made available in the US. The 2009 remaster release gives more detailed credits for Hütter and Schneider in addition, Fernando Abrantes is shown as fourth member in the booklets centerfold. Ralf Hütter – album concept, music data mix, Florian Schneider – album concept, music data mix, speech synthesis Fritz Hilpert – music data mix Kraftwerk the Officials channel on YouTube The Mix at Discogs
7.
Robert Wyatt
Robert Wyatt is an English musician, and founding member of the influential Canterbury scene band Soft Machine, with a long and distinguished solo career. He is married to English painter and songwriter Alfreda Benge and his mother was Honor Wyatt, a journalist with the BBC, and his father, George Ellidge, was an industrial psychologist. Wyatt had two half-brothers from his parents marriages, Honor Wyatts son, actor Julian Glover, and George Ellidges son. His parents friends were quite bohemian, and his upbringing was unconventional, Wyatt said It seemed perfectly normal to me. My father didnt join us until I was six, and he died ten years later, having retired early with multiple sclerosis and it was during this period that Wyatt met and became friends with expatriate Australian musician Daevid Allen, who rented a room in Wyatts family home. In 1962, Wyatt and Neidorf moved to Majorca, living near the poet Robert Graves, the following year, Wyatt returned to England and joined the Daevid Allen Trio with Allen and Hugh Hopper.
Allen subsequently left for France, and Wyatt and Hopper formed the Wilde Flowers, with Kevin Ayers, Richard Sinclair, Wyatt was initially the drummer in the Wilde Flowers, but following the departure of Ayers, he became lead singer. In 1966, the Wilde Flowers disintegrated, and Wyatt, along with Mike Ratledge, was invited to join Soft Machine by Kevin Ayers, Wyatt both drummed and shared vocals with Ayers, an unusual combination for a stage rock band. He was paralysed from the waist down and consequently uses a wheelchair, on 4 November that year, Pink Floyd performed two benefit concerts, in one day, at Londons Rainbow Theatre, supported by Soft Machine, and compered by John Peel. The concerts raised a reported £10,000 for Wyatt, the injury led Wyatt to abandon the Matching Mole project, and his rock drumming. He promptly embarked on a career, and with musician friends released his solo album Rock Bottom on 26 July 1974. The album, the title of which was a reference to his paraplegia, was largely composed prior to Wyatts accident.
The album was met mostly positive reviews. Two months Wyatt put out a single, a version of Im a Believer. Both were produced by Pink Floyd drummer Nick Mason, Wyatt won the day and lost his rag but not the wheelchair. A contemporary issue of New Musical Express featured the band, all in wheelchairs, Wyatt subsequently sang lead vocals on Masons first solo album Fictitious Sports in 1981. Wyatts next solo album, Ruth Is Stranger Than Richard, produced by Wyatt apart from one produced by Mason, was more jazz-led. Guest musicians included Brian Eno on guitar and direct inject anti-jazz ray gun, Wyatt went on to appear on the fifth release of Enos Obscure Records label, Jan Steele/John Cage and Instruments, singing two Cage songs
8.
Ornette Coleman
Randolph Denard Ornette Coleman was an American jazz saxophonist, violinist and composer. He was one of the innovators of the free jazz movement of the 1960s. His Broadway Blues has become a standard and has cited as a key work in the free jazz movement. He was awarded a MacArthur Fellowship in 1994 and his album Sound Grammar received the 2007 Pulitzer Prize for music. Coleman was born in 1930 in Fort Worth, where he was raised and he attended I. M. Terrell High School, where he participated in band until he was dismissed for improvising during The Washington Post. He began performing R&B and bebop initially on tenor saxophone, and started a band, the Jam Jivers, with some fellow students including Prince Lasha and Charles Moffett. Seeking a way to work his way out of his town, he took a job in 1949 with a Silas Green from New Orleans traveling show and with touring rhythm. After a show in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, he was assaulted and he switched to alto saxophone, which remained his primary instrument, first playing it in New Orleans after the Baton Rouge incident.
He joined the band of Pee Wee Crayton and travelled with them to Los Angeles and he worked at various jobs, including as an elevator operator, while continuing to pursue his musical career. From the beginning of his career, Colemans music and playing were in many ways unorthodox and his raw, highly vocalized sound and penchant for playing in the cracks of the scale led many Los Angeles jazz musicians to regard Colemans playing as out-of-tune. He sometimes had difficulty finding like-minded musicians with whom to perform, pianist Paul Bley was an early supporter and musical collaborator. In 1958, Coleman led his first recording session for Contemporary, the session featured trumpeter Don Cherry, drummer Billy Higgins, bassist Don Payne and Walter Norris on piano. 1959 was a productive year for Coleman. His last release on Contemporary was Tomorrow Is the Question, a quartet album, with Shelly Manne on drums, and excluding the piano, which he would not use again until the 1990s. Next Coleman brought double bassist Charlie Haden – one of a handful of his most important collaborators – into a group with Cherry.
He signed a contract with Atlantic Records, who released The Shape of Jazz to Come in 1959. While definitely – if somewhat loosely – blues-based and often quite melodic, some musicians and critics saw Coleman as an iconoclast, including conductor Leonard Bernstein and composer Virgil Thomson regarded him as a genius and an innovator. Jazzwise listed it #3 on their list of the 100 best jazz albums of all time, Colemans quartet received a lengthy – and sometimes controversial – engagement at New York Citys famed Five Spot jazz club
9.
Niun Niggung
Niun Niggung is a studio album by German electronica group Mouse on Mars. Gave Niun Niggung a favorable review and called it an album that becomes a must-have for the electronic music enthusiast. It was ranked at number 16 on Spins 20 Best Albums of 2000 list
10.
Resonance FM
Resonance 104.4 FM is a London based non-profit community radio station specialising in the arts run by the London Musicians Collective. The station is staffed by four permanent staff members, including programme controller Ed Baxter and over 300 volunteer technical, until September 2007, its studios were located on Denmark Street before moving to its present location at 144 Borough High Street. The station broadcasts to a radius on 104.4 MHz FM from a transmitter situated on the roof of Guys Hospital at London Bridge. Noted for its policy of giving free rein of their creative outlet. The station receives funding grants from Arts Council England, the station describes itself as the worlds first radio art station which aims to provide a radical alternative to mainstream broadcasting. Live music sessions are featured on such as Hello Goodbye, You Are Hear, Hooting Yard on the Air. Other shows include foreign-language programmes aimed at communities in London that are not served by other broadcasters, in addition to locally produced programming, Resonance is a member of Radia and a rebroadcaster of American news program Democracy Now.
Resonance FM has received a Sony Award nomination for The Good Drugs Guide, the station has been profiled in the pages of The Guardian, The Independent on Sunday, The Daily Telegraph and the Morning Star amongst others. Imagine a radio station like no other, a radio station that makes public those artworks that have no place in traditional broadcasting. A radio station that is an archive of the new, the undiscovered, the forgotten and that is an invisible gallery, a virtual arts centre whose location is at once local and timeless. And that is itself a work of art, imagine a radio station that responds rapidly to new initiatives, has time to draw breath and reflect. A laboratory for experimentation, that by virtue of its uniqueness brings into being a new audience of listeners and creators, All this and more, Resonance104. 4fm aims to make London’s airwaves available to the widest possible range of practitioners of contemporary art. The London Musicians Collective originally put together a programme of radio art as part of 1998s Meltdown festival at the South Bank Centre.
The station operated from the Royal Festival Hall on a month-long Restricted Service Licence on 107.3 FM, phil England, an organiser of the original broadcast, described the origins of the station in a text written to accompany the printed programme. The aim, he wrote, was to raise the specter of radio art in a country where the notion has no common currency. After a four-year hiatus, the returned on 1 May 2002 as part of the Ofcom Access Radio Pilot Scheme from studios on Denmark Street in the Soho area of Londons West End. It is a genuine discovery channel, Resonance was awarded a five-year Community Radio licence in December 2005, enabling the station to broadcast 24/7. Ofcom extended the stations FM broadcasting licence in July 2010, in 2011 Resonance presented a six-week exhibit at the Raven Row Gallery Exhibit in East London
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