Thymine is one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of DNA that are represented by the letters G–C–A–T. The others are adenine and cytosine. Thymine is known as 5-methyluracil, a pyrimidine nucleobase. In RNA, thymine is replaced by the nucleobase uracil. Thymine was first isolated in 1893 by Albrecht Kossel and Albert Neumann from calves' thymus glands, hence its name; as its alternate name suggests, thymine may be derived by methylation of uracil at the 5th carbon. In RNA, thymine is replaced with uracil in most cases. In DNA, thymine binds to adenine via two hydrogen bonds, thereby stabilizing the nucleic acid structures. Thymine combined with deoxyribose creates the nucleoside deoxythymidine, synonymous with the term thymidine. Thymidine can be phosphorylated with up to three phosphoric acid groups, producing dTMP, dTDP, or dTTP. One of the common mutations of DNA involves two adjacent thymines or cytosine, which, in presence of ultraviolet light, may form thymine dimers, causing "kinks" in the DNA molecule that inhibit normal function.
Thymine could be a target for actions of 5-fluorouracil in cancer treatment. 5-FU can be a metabolic analog of uracil. Substitution of this analog inhibits DNA synthesis in dividing cells. Thymine bases are oxidized to hydantoins over time after the death of an organism. In March 2015, NASA scientists reported that, for the first time, complex DNA and RNA organic compounds of life, including uracil and thymine, have been formed in the laboratory under outer space conditions, using starting chemicals, such as pyrimidine, found in meteorites. Pyrimidine, like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, the most carbon-rich chemical found in the Universe, may have been formed in red giants or in interstellar dust and gas clouds, according to the scientists. Thymine has not been found in meteorites, which suggests the first strands of DNA had to look elsewhere to obtain this building block. Thymine formed within some meteorite parent bodies, however may not have persisted within these bodies due to an oxidation reaction with hydrogen peroxide.
Thymine MS Spectrum Infoplease Encyclopedia Science Aid: DNA Structure and Replication
Henri Duvernois was a French screenwriter. La Guitare et le Jazz-band, directed by Gaston Roudès Après l'amour, directed by Maurice Champreux Faubourg Montmartre, directed by Charles Burguet La Dame de bronze et le Monsieur de cristal, directed by Marcel Manchez Faubourg Montmartre, directed by Raymond Bernard When Love Is Over, directed by Léonce Perret La Poule, directed by René Guissart Jeanne, directed by Georges Marret, Les Soeurs Hortensias, directed by René Guissart You Are Me, directed by René Guissart After Love, directed by Maurice Tourneur Maxime, directed by Henri Verneuil On the Streets, directed by Victor Trivas The Scandal, directed by Marcel L'Herbier Dernière Heure, directed by Jean Bernard-Derosne Works by or about Henri Duvernois at Internet Archive Henri Duvernois on IMDb
Zdravko Brkljačić is a former Croatian football goalkeeper who played in several clubs in Yugoslavia and Belgium. Born in Varaždin, he started playing in NK Lokomotiva. However, he failed to break into the starting eleven, so he moved to FK Velež Mostar where he had a busy two seasons. In 1959 he moved to FK Vojvodina where he stayed for a half, he played with NK Karlovac before moving to Dinamo Zagreb where he stayed three seasons as a substitute goalkeeper. Afterwards, he moved abroad, first playing one season in Austria with Wiener Sport-Club, to Belgium where he played seven years in top flight clubs K. A. A. Gent and Standard Liège, he played one match for the Yugoslav U-21 team. Zdravko Brkljačić at WorldFootball.net
Milan Uzelac is a Serbian poet, essayist, PhD, full Professor of Ontology and Aesthetics of the University of Novi Sad Milan Uzelac was born on 8 April 1950 in Vršac, where he received his elementary and secondary education. He studied Philosophy at the University of Belgrade, where he got his B. A. and M. A. degrees and was awarded a doctorate in philosophy from the University of Zagreb in 1985. He worked as a lecturer at the Teacher Training College in Kikinda, his affiliation with the University of Novi Sad started in 1986, when he became an assistant professor in Theory of Art and Sociology of Art an associate professor in Esthetics. In 1995 he became a professor of philosophy at the University of Novi Sad, where he teaches courses in Esthetics and Ontology. At the Academy of Arts he teaches Philosophy of Music and History of Philosophy. In the period between October 2007 and summer 2010 he was a Professor of Middle Age and New Age Philosophy and Ontology at the Philosophical Faculty in Kosovska Mitrovica at the Department of Philosophy and Sociology.
Since February 2011 he has been a Professor of the Main Streams of Contemporary Philosophy, Philosophy of Aesthetic Education and the Philosophical Grounds of Modern Pedagogic Theories at the Preschool Teacher Training College in Vršac. He is the author of numerous monographs and coursebooks in philosophy, history of philosophy, esthetics of art, esthetics of music, etc, his publications include several volumes of poetry collections. Milan Uzelac participates at international conferences in philosophy, he presented his papers in Freiburg/Br. Cologne, Dubrovnik, Reggio Emilia, Moscow and Ohio and published in Germany, the United States, Italy, the Czech Republic and Japan, he is a member of national and international professional and academic associations, including Deutsche Gesellschaft für phänomenologische Forschung, Assotiation internationale des critiques d'art, The International Board of Advisors of Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology, The Association of Writers of Serbia, the Writers' Society of Vojvodina, The Estheatics Society of Serbia and the Journalists' Association of Serbia.
He was awarded the Vršac Liberation Day Prize in 1999. Official Site Milan Uzelac
Hisako Shirata is a Japanese actress and fashion model. Shirata's affiliation office Flos, after passing through Blenden on the way, as of 2013 she is no with Adesso, she graduated from Horikoshi High School. Shirata has an older brother, nine years older. In 1998, after being scouted Shirata made her debut in the television drama Bishōjo H, she changed to the film actress route in 2003, her name changed to hiragana. For Shirata's first time in the same year's publicly released film Kanzen naru Shiiku: Himitsu no Chikashitsu she challenged to be nude. In 2006, she was elected Miss International Japan Champion, he participated in the 2007 World Competition and entered "Top 15" and was chosen as "Miss Photogenic". Shirata married professional golfer Ryuichi Aoki in 2015. In 11 February 2016, she announced her first child pregnancy. In 5 May, Shirata gave birth to her first child. Affiliation office profile Hisako Shirato Official Blog "Shiratama" "Hisa%20Kone" Official website
Joseph Lai Chi-keong is a Hong Kong educator and politician. He is current chairman of the Eastern District Council and member of the Eastern District Council since 1988 representing Fei Tsui from 1994, he is current member of the Civic Party and a former member of the Democratic Party and Urban Council. As a teacher, Lai joined the Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union in the 1980s, he ran in the 1988 District Board election in Chai Wan West. He was the founding member of the United Democrats of Hong Kong and Democratic Party, he contested in the 1995 Urban Council election in Quarry Bay and was elected with nearly 6,000 votes. He remained as Eastern District Councillor after 1997. In 2000 and 2004 Legislative Council elections, he ran on the Democratic Party's ticket, placing the fourth place and the third place respectively. In 2004, he as the third candidate on the list was nearly elected, being defeated by Choy So-yuk, the second candidate of the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong by a narrow margin.
Lai was eager to run in the 2000 Hong Kong Island by-election, but was rejected by the party and the leadership decided to support barrister Audrey Eu's candidate. In the 2008 Legislative Council election, Lai quit the Democratic Party after he was not nominated by the party and ran as independent, he failed to be elected with 1.26 per cent of the total vote share. After the election, he joined Audrey Eu's Civic Party. Lai was tipped for running in the District Council functional constituency for the Civic Party in the 2012 Legislative Council election but did not materialise. In the 2019 District Council election after the pro-democrats received the largest landslide in history and seized the control of the 17 of the 18 District Councils, Lai was elected as the chairman of the Eastern District Council