1.
American football
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The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs, or plays, or else they turn over the football to the opposing team, if they succeed, they are given a new set of four downs. Points are primarily scored by advancing the ball into the teams end zone for a touchdown or kicking the ball through the opponents goalposts for a field goal. The team with the most points at the end of a game wins, American football evolved in the United States, originating from the sports of association football and rugby football. The first game of American football was played on November 6,1869, during the latter half of the 1870s, colleges playing association football switched to the Rugby Union code, which allowed carrying the ball. American football as a whole is the most popular sport in the United States, Professional football and college football are the most popular forms of the game, with the other major levels being high school and youth football. As of 2012, nearly 1.1 million high school athletes and 70,000 college athletes play the sport in the United States annually, almost all of them men, in the United States, American football is referred to as football. The term football was established in the rulebook for the 1876 college football season. The terms gridiron or American football are favored in English-speaking countries where other codes of football are popular, such as the United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand, American football evolved from the sports of association football and rugby football. What is considered to be the first American football game was played on November 6,1869 between Rutgers and Princeton, two college teams, the game was played between two teams of 25 players each and used a round ball that could not be picked up or carried. It could, however, be kicked or batted with the feet, hands, head or sides, Rutgers won the game 6 goals to 4. Collegiate play continued for years in which matches were played using the rules of the host school. Representatives of Yale, Columbia, Princeton and Rutgers met on October 19,1873 to create a set of rules for all schools to adhere to. Teams were set at 20 players each, and fields of 400 by 250 feet were specified, Harvard abstained from the conference, as they favored a rugby-style game that allowed running with the ball. An 1875 Harvard-Yale game played under rugby-style rules was observed by two impressed Princeton athletes and these players introduced the sport to Princeton, a feat the Professional Football Researchers Association compared to selling refrigerators to Eskimos. Princeton, Harvard, Yale and Columbia then agreed to play using a form of rugby union rules with a modified scoring system. These schools formed the Intercollegiate Football Association, although Yale did not join until 1879, the introduction of the snap resulted in unexpected consequences. Prior to the snap, the strategy had been to punt if a scrum resulted in bad field position, however, a group of Princeton players realized that, as the snap was uncontested, they now could hold the ball indefinitely to prevent their opponent from scoring. In 1881, both teams in a game between Yale-Princeton used this strategy to maintain their undefeated records, each team held the ball, gaining no ground, for an entire half, resulting in a 0-0 tie
2.
North Carolina Tar Heels football
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The North Carolina Tar Heels football team represents the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in the sport of American football. The Tar Heels have played in the Football Bowl Subdivision of the National Collegiate Athletic Association, being the oldest public university and oldest collegiate team in the Carolinas, the school is nicknamed Carolina in athletics. The programs title in football is Carolina Football, North Carolina has played in 31 bowl games in its history and won three Southern Conference championships and five Atlantic Coast Conference titles. Thirty Tar Heel players have been honored as first-team All-Americas on 38 occasions, Carolina had 32 All-Southern Conference selections when it played in that league until 1952 and since joining the ACC in 1953, has had 174 first-team All-ACC choices. Since joining the Atlantic Coast Conference in 1953, the team has won five conference championships, one very important contribution to the game of football by Carolina is the modern use of the forward pass, they were the first college team to use the play in 1895. It was conceived to break a deadlock and give UNC a 6–0 win. The Tar Heels were in a situation and a Georgia rush seemed destined to block the ball. The punter, with a dash to his right, tossed the ball and it was caught by George Stephens. The University of North Carolina fielded its first football team in 1888, Hector Cowan was Carolinas first head football coach. The Tar Heels played four games with a record of 1–3. The team captains for the 1888 season were Bob Bingham and Steve Bragaw, the game against Wake Forest was the first in the state, and the first against Trinity the first scientific game in the state. Ergo, one or the other is the first intercollegiate game in North Carolina, princeton star Hector Cowan traveled south and trained the team. In 1889, UNC played two games with a record of 1–1. The University would not field another team until 1891. The team captains for the 1889 season were Lacy Little and Steve Bragaw, William A. Reynolds coached the Tar Heels for four seasons. In 1897, Carolina played ten games with a record of 7–3. The team captain for the 1897 season was Arthur Belden, in 1898, the Tar Heels played nine games with a final record of 9–0. The team captain for the 1898 season was Frank O. Rogers, the team claimed a Southern championship
3.
El Dorado, Arkansas
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El Dorado is a city in and the county seat of Union County, Arkansas, USA. According to estimates, the 2012 census, the population of the city is 18,491, El Dorado is headquarters of the Arkansas Oil and Gas Commission as well as Murphy Oil, Murphy USA, Deltic Timber Corporation, and the Lion Oil Refinery. El Dorado is the population, cultural, and business center of the regional area, the city is best known as being the heart of the 1920s oil boom in southern Arkansas. Its nickname is Arkansas’s Original Boomtown, El Dorado is located about 100 miles from the state capital of Little Rock. El Dorado is located at 33°12′49″N 92°39′45″W. in Union County, Union County is the largest county in the state of Arkansas and borders the state of Louisiana. The area has the feature of sharing its border with eight counties and parishes, Ouachita, Calhoun, Bradley, Columbia, Ashley, Claiborne Parish, Union Parish. El Dorado is the largest urban center in its region. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 16.3 square miles. El Dorado is located in the West Gulf Coastal Plain, In Arkansas and this Lowland area of Arkansas is characterized by pine forests and farmlands. Natural resources include natural gas, petroleum deposits and beds of bromine flats, the lowest point in the state is found on the Ouachita River in the West Gulf Coastal Plain of Arkansas. El Dorado is located about 28 miles to the west of Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, El Dorado is located in the humid subtropical zone. El Dorado is hot during summer temperatures tend to be in the 90s. The annual average precipitation at El Dorado is 54.11 inches, rainfall is fairly evenly distributed throughout the year. The wettest month of the year is May with a rainfall of 5.49 inches. U. S. Highway 63 U. S. Highway 82 U. S. Highway 167 Highway 7 Highway 15 future I-69 El Dorado has two airports, one commercial and a general aviation airport, both of which are owned by the city. The South Arkansas Regional Airport at Goodwin Field offers mostly private aircraft, El Dorados second airport is located within the city limits and closer to the downtown area. The airport was serviced by SeaPort Airlines, but flights ceased following SeaPorts liquidation on 20 September,2016. The US Department of Transportation announced 9 December,2016 that a new EAS contract had been awarded to Southern Airways Express to fly 18 weekly round trip non stop flights to Dallas Fort Worth
4.
New York Giants
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The New York Giants are a professional American football team based in the New York metropolitan area. The Giants compete in the National Football League as a club of the leagues National Football Conference East division. The team plays its games at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey. The Giants hold their training camp at the Quest Diagnostics Training Center at the Meadowlands Sports Complex. The Giants were one of five teams that joined the NFL in 1925 and their championship tally is surpassed only by the Green Bay Packers and Chicago Bears. Throughout their history, the Giants have featured 28 Hall of Fame players, including NFL Most Valuable Player award winners Mel Hein, Frank Gifford, Y. A. Tittle, and Lawrence Taylor. The teams heated rivalry with the Philadelphia Eagles is the oldest of the NFC East rivalries, dating all the way back to 1933, the Giants played their first game as an away game against All New Britain in New Britain, Connecticut, on October 4,1925. They defeated New Britain 26–0 in front of a crowd of 10,000, the Giants were successful in their first season, finishing with an 8–4 record. In its third season, the finished with the best record in the league at 11–1–1 and was awarded the NFL title. In 1930, there were many who questioned the quality of the professional game. In December 1930, the Giants played a team of Notre Dame All Stars at the Polo Grounds to raise money for the unemployed of New York City and it was also an opportunity to establish the skill and prestige of the pro game. Knute Rockne reassembled his Four Horsemen along with the stars of his 1924 Championship squad and told them to score early, Rockne, like much of the public, thought little of pro football and expected an easy win. But from the beginning it was a one-way contest, with Friedman running for two Giant touchdowns and Hap Moran passing for another, when it was all over, Coach Rockne told his team, That was the greatest football machine I ever saw. I am glad none of you got hurt, the game raised $100,000 for the homeless, and is often credited with establishing the legitimacy of the professional game for those who were critical. It also was the last game the legendary Rockne ever coached, in a 14-year span from 1933 to 1947, the Giants qualified to play in the NFL championship game 8 times, winning twice. During this period the Giants were led by Hall of Fame coach Steve Owen, the period also featured the 1944 Giants, which are ranked as the #1 defensive team in NFL history. a truly awesome unit. They gave up only 7.5 points per game and shut out five of their 10 opponents, though they lost 14-7 to the Green Bay Packers in the 1944 NFL Championship Game. The famous Sneakers Game was played in this era where the Giants defeated the Chicago Bears on an icy field in the 1934 NFL Championship Game, the Giants played the Detroit Lions to a scoreless tie on November 7,1943
5.
Bowling Green Falcons football
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The Bowling Green Falcons football team is the intercollegiate football team of Bowling Green State University. The team is a member of the NCAA, playing at the Division I Football Bowl Subdivision, formerly Division I-A, level, the Falcons have played their home games in Doyt Perry Stadium since 1966. The stadium currently holds 24,000 spectators, in their 93-year history, the Falcons have won 12 MAC championships and a College Division national championship – as voted by the UPI in 1959. The current head coach is Mike Jinks, the football program was born shortly after the university opened, at the time known as the Bowling Green Normal School. In the early years of Bowling Green State Normal College, common nicknames of BG athletic teams used by sports writers were “B. G, the team began play in 1919 and played on a local field behind the Ridge Street School in Bowling Green, Ohio. The first team was composed of nineteen male students, over half of the 36 men that enrolled in the college, the roster included Ivan Doc Lake, who would later would give the Falcons their nickname. John Stitt served as the programs first football coach during the initial 3-game 1919 season, the first football game in BGs history was held on October 3,1919 against Toledo University, a series that would turn into a rivalry that still exists in the present day. The game ended with a 6-0 score, the second game of the season marked BGs first road game at Defiance College, where the team dropped to 0–2 with a 12–0 shutout. In the final game of the season the team lost to Michigan State Normal College 10–0. In the 1920 season, BG recorded its first score in a 10 -6 loss at Findlay College, the 1920 team later recorded the programs first win, in the eighth and final game of the season, when the team defeated Kent State Normal College 7–0. The team joined the Northwestern Ohio Intercollegiate Athletic Association starting in the 1921 season, in the first game BG and Kent battled to a scoreless tie in a game that saw no fan attendance due to influenza epidemic. After a 7–0 win over Defiance, BG faced Findlay on October 15,1921 in a game set a national collegiate record in which BG scored 22 touchdowns to win 151–0 over Findlay College. The team would repeat as the NWOIAA Champions in 1922,1925,1928 and 1929, warren Steller became the head coach of BG in 1924 and in his second season as head coach, BG recorded its first one-loss season in 1925. The record was repeated two seasons later, in 1927, when the team dropped its final game of the season 12-6 to Bluffton, during the same season, Ivan Doc Lake, a BG alumnus and football player on the original team, suggested the nickname “Falcons”. The nicknames popularity grew rapidly and was adopted by the school, in 1928, the Falcons recorded their first undefeated season with a record of 5–0–2. The team was led by Chet Chapman, who received the conference MVP award, Stellers Falcons repeated the feat just a few seasons later, in 1930, when the team went 6–0–2. The 1931 season marked the final year that the Falcons participated in the Northwestern Ohio Intercollegiate Athletic Association. The team joined the Ohio Athletic Conference in 1933, after it played one season as an independent team, warren Stellers last season as head coach of BG football came in 1934
6.
American football positions
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In American football, each team has 11 players on the field at one time. The specific role that a player takes on the field is called his position, under the modern rules of American football, teams are allowed unlimited substitutions, that is, teams may change any number of players after any play. This has resulted in the development of three platoons of players, the offense, the defense, and the special teams, within those platoons, various specific positions exist depending on what each players main job is. In American football, the offense is the side in which the players have possession of the ball and it is their job to advance the ball towards the opponents end zone to score points. The backs and receivers are also known as skill position players or as eligible receivers. Offensive linemen are not usually eligible to advance the ball past the line of scrimmage during a play, the organization of the offense is strictly mandated by the rules, there must be at least seven players on the line of scrimmage and no more than four players behind it. The only players eligible to handle the ball during a play are the backs. The remaining players are considered ineligible, and may only block, within these strictures, however, creative coaches have developed a wide array of offensive formations to take advantage of different player skills and game situations. The following positions are standard in every game, though different teams will use different arrangements of them. The offensive line is responsible for blocking. The offensive line consists of, Center The center is the player who begins the play from scrimmage by snapping the ball to the quarterback. As the name suggests, the center usually plays in the middle of the offensive line, like all offensive linemen, the center has the responsibility to block defensive players. The center often also has the responsibility to call out blocking assignments, offensive guard Two guards line up directly on either side of the center. Like all interior linemen, their function is to block on both running and passing plays, in such cases, the guard is referred to as a pulling guard. Guards are typically shorter builds than tackles but taller than centers, offensive tackle Two tackles play outside of the guards. Their role is primarily to block on both running and passing plays, the area from one tackle to the other is an area of close line play in which blocks from behind, which are prohibited elsewhere on the field, are allowed. For a right-handed quarterback, the tackle is charged with protecting the quarterback from being hit from behind. Like a guard, the tackle may have to pull, on a running play, the six backs and receivers are those that line up outside or behind the offensive line
7.
Illinois Fighting Illini football
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The Illinois Fighting Illini is a college football program, representing the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. They compete in NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision and the Big Ten Conference, the University of Illinois fielded its first football team in 1890, under the direction of Scott Williams, the teams starting quarterback who also served as the teams head coach. The team finished with a record of 1–2, Robert Lackey took over the reins for the programs second season in 1891, and the team finished undefeated with a mark of 6–0. He announced at the time that he would spend the working as a waiter at a hotel in Old Orchard Beach, Maine. He was the head football coach at Illinois, held that position for the 1892 and 1893 seasons. His 1892 team compiled a 9–4–1 record, played the first games in the rivalries with Northwestern and Chicago. George Huff was the head coach in Illini football history. Huff led the Illini into the Big Ten Conference, which formed in 1896, after back-to-back 4–2–1 seasons in 1895 and 1896, the Illini posted a 6–2 record in 1897. That proved to be the point of Huffs tenure, as Illinois slipped to 4–5 in 1898 and 3–5–1 in 1899. Arthur Hall served as Illinois head football coach from 1907-1912, compiling a 36–12–4 record, Hall led the Illini to an undefeated 7–0 mark in 1910. For 29 seasons, Robert Zuppke served as Illinois head football coach, during his tenure, Illinois fan attendance at home games skyrocketed from an average of 4,500 to 60,000. Zuppke led Under Zuppkes leadership, the Fighting Illini posted undefeated seasons in 1914,1915,1923 and 1927, in 1914, the Fighting Illini compiled a 7–0 record, claim a national championship, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 224 to 22. The team was selected as the national champion for 1914 by the Billingsley Report. End Perry Graves and guard Ralph Chapman were consensus All-Americans, in 1915, the Illini compiled a 5–0–2 record and finished as co-champions of the Western Conference. Center John W. Watson was the team captain, in 1923, the Fighting Illini compiled an 8–0 record and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 136 to 20. Guard Jim McMillen and halfback Red Grange were consensus All-Americans, McMillen was also the team captain. In 1927, the Fighting Illini compiled a 7–0–1 record and outscored their opponents by a total of 152 to 24. The team was selected as the 1927 national champion by the Billingsley Report, Dickinson System, Helms Athletic Foundation, National Championship Foundation, and Parke H. Davis
8.
Tennessee Volunteers football
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The Tennessee Volunteers football program represents the University of Tennessee in the sport of American football. The Volunteers compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision of the National Collegiate Athletic Association and their all-time ranking in bowl appearances is third and sixth in all-time bowl victories, most notably four Sugar Bowls, three Cotton Bowls, an Orange Bowl, and a Fiesta Bowl. Also Tennessee and The Ohio State University are the only 2 programs left in the country to never have a season of more than 7 losses. They have won 13 conference championships and six titles in their history. Additionally, its 102,455 seat capacity makes Neyland the nations fifth largest stadium, the team is currently coached by Butch Jones. The Volunteers began wearing orange pants in 1977 under coach Johnny Majors and his successor, Phillip Fulmer, discarded the pants upon becoming Majors full-time replacement in 1993. The orange pants were worn three times under Fulmer, in the 1999 homecoming game vs. Memphis, the 2007 SEC Championship game vs. LSU, and the 2008 season opener at UCLA. Lane Kiffin wore the orange pants full-time on the road, except for the 2009 season finale vs. Kentucky, in 2009, the Volunteers wore black jerseys with orange pants on Halloween night against the South Carolina Gamecocks. On October 5,2013, the team debuted its Smokey Gray uniforms in a loss to the Georgia Bulldogs at Neyland Stadium. After more than a decade of Adidas uniforms and a year of speculation, the orange and white colors worn by the football team were selected by Charles Moore, a member of the very first football squad in 1891. They were from the American Daisy which grew on The Hill, the orange color is distinct to the school, dubbed UT Orange, and has been offered by The Home Depot for sale as a paint, licensed by the university. Home games at Neyland Stadium have been described as a sea of Orange due to the number of fans wearing the school color. Derives from the usage of UT Orange, the color is spot color PMS151 as described by the University. Tennessee first sported the famous design in 1964 under Dickey. They brought the design back in 1989, the idea was inspired by the checkerboard design around the top of historic Ayres Hall. The checkerboard was bordered in orange from 1989 until natural grass replaced the turf in 1994. The return of natural grass brought with it the return of the border that exists today. Rocky Top is not the official Tennessee fight song, as is widely believed, the Band began playing the fight song during the 1970s after it became popular as a Bluegrass tune by the Osborne Brothers
9.
Bowling Green State University
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Bowling Green State University is a large, primarily residential, public research university located in Bowling Green, Ohio, United States. The 1, 338-acre main academic and residential campus is located 15 miles south of Toledo, over the universitys history, it developed from a small rural normal school into a comprehensive public university. As of 2012 Bowling Green offered over 200 undergraduate programs, as well as masters and its academic programs have been nationally ranked by Forbes magazine, U. S. News & World Report, and Washington Monthly. The 2011 Carnegie Foundation classified BGSU as having high research activity, Research projects in the areas of psychology, sociology, education and human development, energy and sustainability are among the most prominent. BGSU had a residential student population of 6,500 students. The university also maintains a campus, known as BGSU Firelands, in Huron. Although the majority of students attend classes on BGSUs main campus, about 2,500 students attend classes at Firelands, about 85% of Bowling Greens students are from Ohio. The university hosts a student life program, with over 300 student organizations. The campus is home to events including the Dance Marathon, Winterfest. During the period, people of northwestern Ohio campaigned for a school in their region to better quality education. Bowling Green offered four possible sites and became one of four finalists including Fremont, Napoleon, despite the town being the home of John Lowry, Napoleon was ruled out because the commission found it had numerous saloons. Fremont was eliminated due to the specific stipulations imposed by the President Rutherford B. Hayes Memorial Commission. Bowling Green was chosen on November 10,1910 over Van Wert in a 3–2 vote by the commission, at the same time, the commission chose Kent for a school in Northeastern Ohio. Over the years 1911 and 1912, the Board of Trustees was appointed by the Governor, a campus plan was created and $150,000 was appropriated to develop the campus and construct the first buildings. The school opened on September 15,1914 as Bowling Green State Normal School in two locations at the Bowling Green Armory and at a branch school in Toledo for the 1914–1915 academic year. It initially enrolled 304 students from Ohio, Michigan, and New York who were taught by 21 faculty members, the school graduated its first class in 1915, consisting of 35 certified teachers. University Hall and Williams Hall opened that year, the schools first two permanent buildings, two years later the first baccalaureate degrees for teacher education were awarded. On March 28,1920 a tornado, part of the 1920 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, the tornado touched down near Bowling Green and strengthened as it moved into Ottawa County where it killed two people in Genoa
10.
Green Bay Packers
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The Green Bay Packers are a professional American football team based in Green Bay, Wisconsin. The Packers compete in the National Football League as a club of the leagues National Football Conference North division. They are also the third-oldest franchise in the NFL, organized and it is the only non-profit, community-owned major league professional sports team based in the United States. Home games are played at Lambeau Field, the Packers are the last vestige of small town teams common in the NFL during the 1920s and 1930s. Founded in 1919 by Earl Curly Lambeau and George Whitney Calhoun, between 1919 and 1920, the Packers competed against other semi-pro clubs from around Wisconsin and the Midwest. They joined the American Professional Football Association, the forerunner of todays NFL, the Packers have won 13 league championships, the most in NFL history, with nine NFL titles before the Super Bowl era and four Super Bowl victories. They won the first two Super Bowls in 1967 and 1968 and were the only NFL team to defeat the American Football League prior to the AFL–NFL merger. The Vince Lombardi Trophy is named after the Packers head coach of the same name and their two further Super Bowl wins came in 1997 and 2011. The Packers are long-standing adversaries of the Chicago Bears, Minnesota Vikings, and Detroit Lions, the Bears–Packers rivalry is one of the oldest in NFL history, dating back to 1921. The Green Bay Packers were founded on August 11,1919 by former high-school football rivals Earl Curly Lambeau, Lambeau solicited funds for uniforms from his employer, the Indian Packing Company. He was given $500 for uniforms and equipment, on the condition that the team be named for its sponsor, the Green Bay Packers have played in their original city longer than any other team in the NFL. On August 27,1921, the Packers were granted a franchise in the new pro football league that had been formed the previous year. Financial troubles plagued the team and the franchise was forfeited within the year, before Lambeau found new financial backers and these backers, known as the Hungry Five, formed the Green Bay Football Corporation. After a near-miss in 1927, Lambeaus squad claimed the Packers first NFL title in 1929 with an undefeated 12–0–1 campaign, among the many impressive accomplishments of these years was the Packers streak of 29 consecutive home games without defeat, an NFL record which still stands. The arrival of end Don Hutson from Alabama in 1935 gave Lambeau, credited with inventing pass patterns, Hutson would lead the league in receptions eight seasons and spur the Packers to NFL championships in 1936,1939 and 1944. An iron man, Hutson played both ways, leading the league in interceptions as a safety in 1940, Hutson claimed 18 NFL records when he retired in 1945, many of which still stand. In 1951, his number 14 was the first to be retired by the Packers, after Hutsons retirement, Lambeau could not stop the Packers slide. He purchased a large lodge near Green Bay for team members, rockwood Lodge was the home of the 1946-1949 Packers, though the 1947 and 1948 seasons produced a record of 12-10-1, and 1949 was even worse at 3-9
11.
Auburn University
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Auburn University is a public research university in Auburn, Alabama, United States. Auburn was chartered on February 1,1856, as East Alabama Male College, in 1872, under the Morrill Act, it became the states first public land-grant university and was renamed as the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Alabama. In 1892, it became the first four-year coeducational school in Alabama, in 1960, its name was changed to Auburn University to acknowledge the varied academic programs and larger curriculum of a major university. In 1964, under Federal Court mandate, AU admitted its first African American student, Auburn is among the few American universities designated as a land-grant, sea-grant, and space-grant research center. The Alabama Legislature chartered the institution as the East Alabama Male College on February 1,1856 and its first president was Reverend William J. Sasnett, and the school opened its doors in 1859 to a student body of eighty and a faculty of ten. Auburns early history is linked with the Civil War and the Reconstruction-era South. Classes were held in Old Main until the college was closed due to the war, the campus was a training ground for the Confederate Army, and Old Main served as a hospital for Confederate wounded. It sits today on the next to Samford Hall. The school reopened in 1866 after the end of the Civil War, in 1872, control of the institution was transferred from the Methodist Church to the State of Alabama for financial reasons. Alabama placed the school under the provisions of the Morrill Act as a land-grant institution and this act provided for 240,000 acres of Federal land to be sold to provide funds for an agricultural and mechanical school. As a result, in 1872 the school was renamed the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Alabama, under the Acts provisions, land-grant institutions were also supposed to teach military tactics and train officers for the United States military. In the late 19th century, most students at the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Alabama were enrolled in the program, learning military tactics. Each county in the state was allowed to nominate two cadets to attend the free of charge. The universitys original curriculum focused on engineering and agriculture and this trend changed under the guidance of William Leroy Broun, who taught classics and sciences and believed both disciplines were important for growth of the university and the individual. In 1892, two events occurred, women were admitted to the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Alabama. Eventually, football replaced polo as the sport on campus. The college was renamed the Alabama Polytechnic Institute in 1899, largely because of Brouns influence, on October 1,1918, nearly all of Alabama Polytechnic Institutes able-bodied male students 18 or older voluntarily joined the United States Army for short-lived military careers on campus. The student-soldiers numbered 878, according to API President Charles Thach, the vocational section was composed of enlisted men sent to Auburn for training in radio and mechanics
