1.
Dublin
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Dublin is the capital and largest city of Ireland. Dublin is in the province of Leinster on Irelands east coast, the city has an urban area population of 1,345,402. The population of the Greater Dublin Area, as of 2016, was 1,904,806 people, founded as a Viking settlement, the Kingdom of Dublin became Irelands principal city following the Norman invasion. The city expanded rapidly from the 17th century and was briefly the second largest city in the British Empire before the Acts of Union in 1800, following the partition of Ireland in 1922, Dublin became the capital of the Irish Free State, later renamed Ireland. Dublin is administered by a City Council, the city is listed by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network as a global city, with a ranking of Alpha-, which places it amongst the top thirty cities in the world. It is a historical and contemporary centre for education, the arts, administration, economy, the name Dublin comes from the Irish word Dubhlinn, early Classical Irish Dubhlind/Duibhlind, dubh /d̪uβ/, alt. /d̪uw/, alt /d̪u, / meaning black, dark, and lind /lʲiɲ pool and this tidal pool was located where the River Poddle entered the Liffey, on the site of the castle gardens at the rear of Dublin Castle. In Modern Irish the name is Duibhlinn, and Irish rhymes from Dublin County show that in Dublin Leinster Irish it was pronounced Duílinn /d̪ˠi, other localities in Ireland also bear the name Duibhlinn, variously anglicized as Devlin, Divlin and Difflin. Historically, scribes using the Gaelic script wrote bh with a dot over the b and those without knowledge of Irish omitted the dot, spelling the name as Dublin. Variations on the name are found in traditionally Irish-speaking areas of Scotland, such as An Linne Dhubh. It is now thought that the Viking settlement was preceded by a Christian ecclesiastical settlement known as Duibhlinn, beginning in the 9th and 10th century, there were two settlements where the modern city stands. Baile Átha Cliath, meaning town of the ford, is the common name for the city in modern Irish. Áth Cliath is a name referring to a fording point of the River Liffey near Father Mathew Bridge. Baile Átha Cliath was an early Christian monastery, believed to have been in the area of Aungier Street, there are other towns of the same name, such as Àth Cliath in East Ayrshire, Scotland, which is Anglicised as Hurlford. Although the area of Dublin Bay has been inhabited by humans since prehistoric times and he called the settlement Eblana polis. It is now thought that the Viking settlement was preceded by a Christian ecclesiastical settlement known as Duibhlinn, beginning in the 9th and 10th century, there were two settlements where the modern city stands. The subsequent Scandinavian settlement centred on the River Poddle, a tributary of the Liffey in an area now known as Wood Quay, the Dubhlinn was a small lake used to moor ships, the Poddle connected the lake with the Liffey. This lake was covered during the early 18th century as the city grew, the Dubhlinn lay where the Castle Garden is now located, opposite the Chester Beatty Library in Dublin Castle
2.
Republic of Ireland
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Ireland, also known as the Republic of Ireland, is a sovereign state in north-western Europe occupying about five-sixths of the island of Ireland. The capital and largest city is Dublin, which is located on the part of the island. The state shares its land border with Northern Ireland, a part of the United Kingdom. It is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the Celtic Sea to the south, Saint Georges Channel to the south-east, and it is a unitary, parliamentary republic. The head of government is the Taoiseach, who is elected by the Dáil and appointed by the President, the state was created as the Irish Free State in 1922 as a result of the Anglo-Irish Treaty. It was officially declared a republic in 1949, following the Republic of Ireland Act 1948, Ireland became a member of the United Nations in December 1955. It joined the European Economic Community, the predecessor of the European Union, after joining the EEC, Ireland enacted a series of liberal economic policies that resulted in rapid economic growth. The country achieved considerable prosperity between the years of 1995 and 2007, which known as the Celtic Tiger period. This was halted by a financial crisis that began in 2008. However, as the Irish economy was the fastest growing in the EU in 2015, Ireland is again quickly ascending league tables comparing wealth and prosperity internationally. For example, in 2015, Ireland was ranked as the joint sixth most developed country in the world by the United Nations Human Development Index and it also performs well in several national performance metrics, including freedom of the press, economic freedom and civil liberties. Ireland is a member of the European Union and is a member of the Council of Europe. The 1922 state, comprising 26 of the 32 counties of Ireland, was styled, the Constitution of Ireland, adopted in 1937, provides that the name of the State is Éire, or, in the English language, Ireland. Section 2 of the Republic of Ireland Act 1948 states, It is hereby declared that the description of the State shall be the Republic of Ireland. The 1948 Act does not name the state as Republic of Ireland, because to have done so would have put it in conflict with the Constitution. The government of the United Kingdom used the name Eire, and, from 1949, Republic of Ireland, for the state, as well as Ireland, Éire or the Republic of Ireland, the state is also referred to as the Republic, Southern Ireland or the South. In an Irish republican context it is referred to as the Free State or the 26 Counties. From the Act of Union on 1 January 1801, until 6 December 1922, during the Great Famine, from 1845 to 1849, the islands population of over 8 million fell by 30%
3.
Theater (structure)
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A theater, theatre or playhouse, is a structure where theatrical works or plays are performed, or other performances such as musical concerts may be produced. While a theater is not required for performance, a theater serves to define the performance and audience spaces, the facility is traditionally organized to provide support areas for performers, the technical crew and the audience members. There are as many types of theaters as there are types of performance, theaters may be built specifically for a certain types of productions, they may serve for more general performance needs or they may be adapted or converted for use as a theater. They may range from open-air amphitheaters to ornate, cathedral-like structures to simple, some theaters may have a fixed acting area, while some theaters, such as black box theaters, may not, allowing the director and designers to construct an acting area suitable for the production. The most important of these areas is the acting space generally known as the stage, in some theaters, specifically proscenium theaters, arena theaters and amphitheaters, this area is permanent part of the structure. In a blackbox theater the area is undefined so that each theater may adapt specifically to a production. In addition to these spaces, there may be offstage spaces as well. These include wings on either side of a stage where props, sets. A Prompters box may be found backstage, in an amphitheater, an area behind the stage may be designated for such uses while a blackbox theater may have spaces outside of the actual theater designated for such uses. Often a theater will incorporate other spaces intended for the performers, a booth facing the stage may be incorporated into the house where lighting and sound personnel may view the show and run their respective instruments. Other rooms in the building may be used for dressing rooms, rehearsal rooms, spaces for constructing sets, props and costumes, as well as storage. There are usually two main entrances, one at the front, used by the audience, that leads into the back of the audience, the second is called the stage door, and it is accessible from backstage. This is the means by which the cast and crew enter and exit the theater and this term can also be used to refer to going to a lot of shows or living in a big theater city, such as New York or Chicago. All theaters provide a space for an audience, the audience is usually separated from the performers by the proscenium arch. In proscenium theaters and amphitheaters, the arch, like the stage, is a permanent feature of the structure. This area is known as the auditorium or the house, the word parterre is sometimes used to refer to a particular subset of this area. In North American usage this is usually the rear seating block beneath the gallery whereas in Britain it can mean either the area in front near the orchestra pit, the term can also refer to the side stalls in some usages. Derived from the gardening term parterre, the usage refers to the pattern of both the seats of an auditorium and of the planted beds seen in garden construction
4.
Melodrama
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A melodrama is a dramatic or literary work in which the plot, which is typically sensational and designed to appeal strongly to the emotions, takes precedence over detailed characterization. Characters are often drawn, and may appear stereotyped. In scholarly and historical contexts, melodramas are Victorian dramas in which orchestral music or song was used to accompany the action. The term is now applied to stage performances without incidental music, novels, movies. In modern contexts, the melodrama is generally pejorative, as it suggests that the work in question lacks subtlety, character development. By extension, language or behavior which resembles melodrama is often called melodramatic, the term originated from the early 19th-century French word mélodrame. It is derived from Greek melos, music, and French drame and this applies to both Victorian stage melodrama and 20th-century film melodrama. Movie director Sidney Lumet stressed the primacy of plot, saying in 2007 In a well-written drama, the characters in a well-written melodrama come out of the story. The relationship of melodrama to realism is complex, the protagonists of melodramatic works may either be ordinary people who are caught up in extraordinary events, or highly exaggerated and unrealistic characters. According to Singer, late Victorian and Edwardian melodrama combined a focus on realism in stage sets and props with anti-realism in character. Melodrama in this period strove for accuracy in the depiction of incredible. Novelist Wilkie Collins is noted for his attention to accuracy in detail in his works, beginning in the 18th century, melodrama was a technique of combining spoken recitation with short pieces of accompanying music. In such works, music and spoken dialogue typically alternated, although the music was also used to accompany pantomime. The earliest known examples are scenes in J. E. Eberlins Latin school play Sigismundus, the first full melodrama was Jean-Jacques Rousseaus Pygmalion, the text of which was written in 1762 but was first staged in Lyon in 1770. The overture and an Andante were composed by Rousseau, but the bulk of the music was composed by Horace Coignet, a different musical setting of Rousseaus Pygmalion by Anton Schweitzer was performed in Weimar in 1772, and Goethe wrote of it approvingly in Dichtung und Wahrheit. Pygmalion is a monodrama, written for one actor, some 30 other monodramas were produced in Germany in the fourth quarter of the 18th century. When two actors are involved the term duodrama may be used, georg Benda was particularly successful with his duodramas Ariadne auf Naxos and Medea. The sensational success of Bendas melodramas led Mozart to use two long melodramatic monologues in his opera Zaide, other later, and better-known examples of the melodramatic style in operas are the grave-digging scene in Beethovens Fidelio and the incantation scene in Webers Der Freischütz
5.
Nell Gwynne (operetta)
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Nell Gwynne is a three-act comic opera composed by Robert Planquette, with a libretto by H. B. The libretto is based on the play Rochester by William Thomas Moncrieff, the piece was a rare instance of an opera by a French composer being produced first in London. Farnie had written a libretto on the same subject, with the same name, for composer Alfred Cellier. The opera was first performed at the Avenue Theatre in London on 7 February 1884 and it then transferred to the Comedy Theatre on 28 April 1884. The production starred Florence St. John, Arthur Roberts, Giulia Warwick, in America, it was first produced in June 1884 in St. Louis and in New York City at the Casino Theatre beginning on 8 November 1884. It was later produced in Paris as La Princesse Colombine, with a libretto by E. André Ordonneau, at the Théâtre des Nouveautés, beginning on 7 December 1886, but it was not a success in France. St. John and Hunt Peregrine – Agnes Lyndon King Charles II, villagers, farmers, courtiers, waiters, Chorus — No Heel-Taps Scene — He Brings our Score To you Ladies 2. Chorus — Clubs and Cudgels 8, pawn Chorus — About the Middle of the Week 12. Maid of the Witching Eye 15, finale, Act II, Whats Passing Here Entracte 21. Hunting Chorus — The Eager Hounds 22, the Ball at Whitehall Green Sleeves 25. Finale, Act III Vocal score Information about a 1901 New York revival Theatre posters from performances at the Royal Lyceum Theatre, Edinburgh
6.
Irish language
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Irish, also referred to as Gaelic or Irish Gaelic, is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish people. Irish is spoken as a first language by a minority of Irish people. Irish enjoys constitutional status as the national and first official language of the Republic of Ireland and it is also among the official languages of the European Union. The public body Foras na Gaeilge is responsible for the promotion of the language throughout the island of Ireland and it has the oldest vernacular literature in Western Europe. The fate of the language was influenced by the power of the English state in Ireland. Elizabethan officials viewed the use of Irish unfavourably, as being a threat to all things English in Ireland and its decline began under English rule in the 17th century. In the latter part of the 19th century, there was a decrease in the number of speakers. Irish-speaking areas were hit especially hard, by the end of British rule, the language was spoken by less than 15% of the national population. Since then, Irish speakers have been in the minority, efforts have been made by the state, individuals and organisations to preserve, promote and revive the language, but with mixed results. Around the turn of the 21st century, estimates of native speakers ranged from 20,000 to 80,000 people. In the 2011 Census, these numbers had increased to 94,000 and 1.3 million, there are several thousand Irish speakers in Northern Ireland. It has been estimated that the active Irish-language scene probably comprises 5 to 10 per cent of Irelands population, there has been a significant increase in the number of urban Irish speakers, particularly in Dublin. In Gaeltacht areas, however, there has been a decline of the use of Irish. Údarás na Gaeltachta predicted that, by 2025, Irish will no longer be the language in any of the designated Gaeltacht areas. Survey data suggest that most Irish people think highly of Irish as a marker of identity. It has also argued that newer urban groups of Irish speakers are a disruptive force in this respect. In An Caighdeán Oifigiúil the name of the language is Gaeilge, before the spelling reform of 1948, this form was spelled Gaedhilge, originally this was the genitive of Gaedhealg, the form used in Classical Irish. Older spellings of this include Gaoidhealg in Classical Irish and Goídelc in Old Irish, the modern spelling results from the deletion of the silent dh in the middle of Gaedhilge, whereas Goidelic languages, used to refer to the language family including Irish, comes from Old Irish
7.
International Standard Book Number
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The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning an ISBN is nation-based and varies from country to country, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The initial ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering created in 1966, the 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108. Occasionally, a book may appear without a printed ISBN if it is printed privately or the author does not follow the usual ISBN procedure, however, this can be rectified later. Another identifier, the International Standard Serial Number, identifies periodical publications such as magazines, the ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 in the United Kingdom by David Whitaker and in 1968 in the US by Emery Koltay. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108, the United Kingdom continued to use the 9-digit SBN code until 1974. The ISO on-line facility only refers back to 1978, an SBN may be converted to an ISBN by prefixing the digit 0. For example, the edition of Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns, published by Hodder in 1965, has SBN340013818 -340 indicating the publisher,01381 their serial number. This can be converted to ISBN 0-340-01381-8, the check digit does not need to be re-calculated, since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with Bookland European Article Number EAN-13s. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, a 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts, and when this is done it is customary to separate the parts with hyphens or spaces. Separating the parts of a 10-digit ISBN is also done with either hyphens or spaces, figuring out how to correctly separate a given ISBN number is complicated, because most of the parts do not use a fixed number of digits. ISBN issuance is country-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for country or territory regardless of the publication language. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture, in other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded. In Canada, ISBNs are issued at no cost with the purpose of encouraging Canadian culture. In the United Kingdom, United States, and some countries, where the service is provided by non-government-funded organisations. Australia, ISBNs are issued by the library services agency Thorpe-Bowker
8.
Ireland
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Ireland is an island in the North Atlantic. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, Ireland is the second-largest island of the British Isles, the third-largest in Europe, and the twentieth-largest on Earth. Politically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland, which covers five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, in 2011, the population of Ireland was about 6.4 million, ranking it the second-most populous island in Europe after Great Britain. Just under 4.6 million live in the Republic of Ireland, the islands geography comprises relatively low-lying mountains surrounding a central plain, with several navigable rivers extending inland. The island has lush vegetation, a product of its mild, thick woodlands covered the island until the Middle Ages. As of 2013, the amount of land that is wooded in Ireland is about 11% of the total, there are twenty-six extant mammal species native to Ireland. The Irish climate is moderate and classified as oceanic. As a result, winters are milder than expected for such a northerly area, however, summers are cooler than those in Continental Europe. Rainfall and cloud cover are abundant, the earliest evidence of human presence in Ireland is dated at 10,500 BC. Gaelic Ireland had emerged by the 1st century CE, the island was Christianised from the 5th century onward. Following the Norman invasion in the 12th century, England claimed sovereignty over Ireland, however, English rule did not extend over the whole island until the 16th–17th century Tudor conquest, which led to colonisation by settlers from Britain. In the 1690s, a system of Protestant English rule was designed to materially disadvantage the Catholic majority and Protestant dissenters, with the Acts of Union in 1801, Ireland became a part of the United Kingdom. Northern Ireland saw much civil unrest from the late 1960s until the 1990s and this subsided following a political agreement in 1998. In 1973 the Republic of Ireland joined the European Economic Community while the United Kingdom, Irish culture has had a significant influence on other cultures, especially in the fields of literature. Alongside mainstream Western culture, an indigenous culture exists, as expressed through Gaelic games, Irish music. The culture of the island shares many features with that of Great Britain, including the English language, and sports such as association football, rugby, horse racing. The name Ireland derives from Old Irish Eriu and this in turn derives from Proto-Celtic *Iveriu, which is also the source of Latin Hibernia. Iveriu derives from a root meaning fat, prosperous, during the last glacial period, and up until about 9000 years ago, most of Ireland was covered with ice, most of the time
9.
Culture of Ireland
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The culture of Ireland includes customs and traditions, language, music, art, literature, folklore, cuisine and sports associated with Ireland and the Irish people. For most of its history, Irelands culture has been primarily Gaelic. It has also influenced by Anglo-Norman, English and Scottish culture. The Anglo-Normans invaded Ireland in the 12th century, while the 16th/17th century conquest, today, there are notable cultural differences between those of Catholic and Protestant background, and between travellers and the settled population. Due to large-scale emigration from Ireland, Irish culture has a reach and festivals such as Saint Patricks Day. Irish culture has to some degree been inherited and modified by the Irish diaspora, in historic times, texts such as the Táin Bó Cúailinge show a society in which cattle represented a primary source of wealth and status. Little of this had changed by the time of the Norman invasion of Ireland in the 12th century, giraldus Cambrensis portrayed a Gaelic society in which cattle farming and transhumance was the norm. The Normans replaced traditional clan land management with the system of land tenure. This led to the imposition of the village, parish and county over the system of townlands. In general, a parish was a civil and religious unit with a manor, a village, each parish incorporated one or more existing townlands into its boundaries. With the gradual extension of English feudalism over the island, the Irish county structure came into existence and was completed in 1610 and these structures are still of vital importance in the daily life of Irish communities. Apart from the significance of the parish, most rural postal addresses consist of house. This situation continued up to the end of the 19th century, in this process of reform, the former tenants and labourers became land owners, with the great estates being broken up into small- and medium-sized farms and smallholdings. The process continued well into the 20th century with the work of the Irish Land Commission and this contrasted with Britain, where many of the big estates were left intact. One consequence of this is the widely recognised cultural phenomenon of land hunger amongst the new class of Irish farmer. In general, this means that families will do almost anything to retain land ownership within the family unit. The majority of the Irish calendar today still reflects the old pagan customs, christmas in Ireland has several local traditions, some in no way connected with Christianity. On 26 December, there is a custom of Wrenboys who call door to door with an arrangement of assorted material to represent a dead wren caught in the furze, the festival is in remembrance to Saint Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland
10.
Abbey Theatre
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The Abbey Theatre, also known as the National Theatre of Ireland, in Dublin, Republic of Ireland, first opened its doors to the public on 27 December 1904. Despite losing its building to a fire in 1951, it has remained active to the present day. The Abbey was the first state-subsidized theatre in the English-speaking world, since July 1966, the Abbey has been located at 26 Lower Abbey Street, Dublin 1. In its early years, the theatre was associated with the writers of the Irish Literary Revival, many of whom were involved in its founding. The Abbey served as a nursery for many of the leading Irish playwrights and actors of the 20th century, including William Butler Yeats, Lady Gregory, Seán OCasey and John Millington Synge. In addition, through its programme of touring abroad and its high visibility to foreign, particularly American, audiences. The Abbey arose from three bases, the first of which was the seminal Irish Literary Theatre. Founded by Lady Gregory, Edward Martyn and W. B, Yeats in 1899—with assistance from George Moore—it presented plays in the Antient Concert Rooms and the Gaiety Theatre, which brought critical approval but limited public interest. The second base involved the work of two Dublin directors, William and Frank Fay, William worked in the 1890s with a touring company in Ireland, Scotland and Wales, while his brother Frank was involved in amateur dramatics in Dublin. In April 1902, the Fays gave three performances of Æs play Deirdre and Yeats Cathleen Ní Houlihan in a hall in St Theresas Hall on Clarendon Street, the performances played to a mainly working-class audience rather than the usual middle-class Dublin theatregoers. The run was a success, thanks in part to the beauty and force of Maud Gonne. The company continued at the Antient Concert Rooms, producing works by Seumas OCuisin, Fred Ryan, the third base was financial support and experience of Annie Horniman. Horniman was a middle-class Englishwoman with previous experience of production, having been involved in the presentation of George Bernard Shaws Arms. She came to Dublin in 1903 to act as Yeats unpaid secretary and her money helped found the Abbey Theatre and, according to the critic Adrian Frazier, would make the rich feel at home, and the poor—on a first visit—out of place. Encouraged by the St Theresas Hall success, Yeats, Lady Gregory, Æ, Martyn and they were joined by actors and playwrights from Fays company. At first, they staged performances in the Molesworth Hall, on 11 May 1904, the society formally accepted Hornimans offer of the use of the building. As Horniman did not usually reside in Ireland, the letters patent required were granted in the name of Lady Gregory. The founders appointed William Fay theatre manager, responsible for training the actors in the newly established repertory company
11.
Amharclann Ghaoth Dobhair
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Amharclann Ghaoth Dobhair, anglicized as Gweedore Theatre, is a local theatre in the Gaeltacht region of Derrybeg in the parish of Gweedore, County Donegal, Ireland. It seats over 200 patrons, and ever since it was opened by actress Siobhán McKenna, Aisteoirí Ghaoth Dobhair was a group of actors founded in Srath na Corcra, Derrybeg in 1932, and they gained critical acclaim and travelled as far as Glasgow to perform. The key people involved in the group were Eoghan Mac Giolla Bhríghde, Áine Nic Giolla Bhríghde, Johnnie Sheáin Ó Gallchóir, Proinsias Ó Maonaigh, Uí Bhraonáin, Tomás Mac Giolla Bhríghde, Seán Ó Casaide, Néilí Ó Maolagáin, Niall Ó Dufaigh, and Proinsias Ó Duibhir. Several well-known local entertainers took to the limelight in productions of Geamaireachtaí Aisteoirí Ghaoth Dobhair, eithne Ní Bhraonáin from Dore - now globally known as Enya. Mairéad Ní Mhaonaigh - now of Altan fame, Máire Ní Bhraonáin - now known as Moya Brennan. Three of the Uí Chasaide clan Na Casaidigh, and the two Brennan brothers Pól and Ciarán of internationally renowned group Clannad. They all took part in the pantos before taking to the world-stage, there is an average of two to three productions in the Amharclann each year, plus drama competitions which are entered by local schools. The management board of the theatre have applied for a grant from the government to restore and renovate it
12.
Dean Crowe Theatre
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The Dean Crowe Theatre & Arts Centre is a theatre and arts space in Athlone, Westmeath, Ireland. Built in 1800 the building served as the church for 137 years. The altar was placed against the wall in the middle of the building, seating on three sides, with three galleries overhead, in 1937 the present day church of SS. Peter and Paul was completed, and so the building was converted to use as a hall, and later. In the 1960s, the building was home to the newly founded St. Aloysius College
13.
Everyman Palace Theatre
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The Everyman Theatre is a 650-seat Victorian theatre on MacCurtain Street in Cork, Ireland. Originally opened in 1897/98, it is the oldest purpose-built theatre building in Cork, the Everyman has undergone many changes, through its days as Dan Lowrey’s Palace of Varieties, life as a cinema, periods of disrepair, and reinvigoration as a modern theatre in the 1980s. The theatre is housed in a listed Victorian building with a stage and auditorium, with proscenium arch, four elaborately decorated boxes. The Everymans programme is a mix of plays, operas, musicals and concerts. In the summer months, it hosts productions by Irish playwrights, other major recurring events include the Guinness Jazz Festival in October, and the Christmas pantomime. A unique feature of the Everyman Palace is that its front of house ushering staff is composed entirely of volunteers, up until 2007, the Everyman hosted the Irish regional festival of the National Theatres New Connections program every May. It gained a reputation for supporting and enabling providing a platform for youth theatres such as Activate, Kildare Youth Theatre and Independent Youth Theatre
14.
Gate Theatre
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The theatre later moved to 1 Cavendish Row where leading Irish architect Michael Scott undertook the revisions necessary to the room to convert it into a theatre. Today the Theatre has a capacity of 371 people, the theatres current artistic director is Michael Colgan. This mission statement is still in effect today, orson Welles, James Mason and Michael Gambon started their acting careers at The Gate. In December 1983 the directorship of the Gate was handed to Michael Colgan, the Gate Theatre is the only theatre in the world to have existed with only two artistic directors. The Gate also featured three separate festivals of the works of Harold Pinter, the first theatre in Europe to do such retrospectives, in 2007, the first major musical to be produced by the Gate was Sondheims Sweeney Todd, with David Shannon playing the title role. Cartmell and Cathal Synnott, the director, use the comparatively intimate scale of the Gate well
15.
Gaiety Theatre, Dublin
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The Gaiety Theatre is a theatre on South King Street in Dublin, Ireland, off Grafton Street and close to St. Stephens Green. It specialises in operatic and musical productions, with occasional dramatic shows, designed by architect C. J. Patrick Wall and Louis Elliman bought the theatre in 1936 and ran it for several decades with local actors and actresses. They sold it in 1965, and in the 1960s and the 1970s the theatre was run by Fred ODonovan, in the 1990s Groundwork Productions took on the lease and the theatre was eventually bought by the Break for the Border Group. The Gaiety was purchased by music promoter Denis Desmond and his wife Caroline in the late 1990s, the Department of Arts, Sport and Tourism also contributed to this restoration fund. Performers and playwrights associated with the theatre have been celebrated with hand-prints cast in bronze and these handprints include those of Luciano Pavarotti, Brendan Grace, Maureen Potter, Twink, John B Keane, Anna Manahan, Niall Toibin and Brian Friel. The theatre played host to the 1971 Eurovision Song Contest, the first to be staged in Ireland, Clodagh Rodgers later presented her RTÉ TV series The Clodagh Rodgers Show from the theatre in the late 1970s. The Gaiety is known for its annual Christmas pantomime and has hosted a pantomime every year since 1874, actor and director Alan Stanford directed both Gaiety productions of Snow White and Sleeping Beauty. The musical director for the past several shows has been Peter Beckett, Irish entertainer June Rodgers starred in the Gaiety pantomime for years, until she began to headline the equally established Olympia Theatre panto. The Gaiety shows have included Irish performers that appeal to home grown audiences, pantomimes in the 21st century have included versions of, Mother Goose, Beauty and the Beast, Cinderella, Jack and the Beanstalk, Aladdin, Robinson Crusoe, Peter Pan, Red Riding Hood
16.
Lambert Puppet Theatre
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The Lambert Puppet Theatre & Museum is a puppet theatre located in Monkstown, County Dublin, Ireland. It is a family run business established in 1972 by Eugene Lambert and it used to produce childrens television series on Radio Telefís Éireann, such as Wanderly Wagon. The theatre is currently being run by Eugenes son, Liam, on August 28,2015, the theatre was badly damaged in an arson attack, causing over €150,000 worth in damage. On 13 November 2015, the theatre re-opened to the public with re-built puppets, for the Christmas performance of Aladdin
17.
Mill Theatre Dundrum
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Mill Theatre Dundrum, in Dublin, Ireland, was opened by Mary McAleese on May 4,2006 and is located in the Dundrum Town Centre. There are 205 seats in the main Auditorium/Theatre, the seating can be retracted to provide practice or performance space. The stage is an arch which is at ground level. In 2012, the space was renamed in honor of screen actress Maureen OHara who was born nearby, in Ranelagh. Mill Theatre Dundrum also has space for exhibiting visual arts
18.
Moat Theatre
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The Moat Theatre is a theatre and arts centre in Naas, County Kildare, Ireland. The Moat Club was formed in the 1950s with the intention of providing the Naas area with facilities to be used for dramatic theater, in 1960 it bought the Christian Brothers school and converted the upper rooms into a hall for table tennis. The lower rooms were converted into a 125-seat theatre in 1963 and it was renovated in the early 2000s, re-opening in 2003. The Moat derives its name from the ancient motte, a reputed meeting-site of the Kings of Leinster, official site Facebook page Theatres Online page Into Kildare page entertainment. ie page
19.
Olympia Theatre (Dublin)
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The Olympia Theatre is a concert hall and theatre venue in Dublin, Ireland, located in Dame Street. Opened as The Star of Erin music hall in 1879, the venue was renamed as Dan Lowerys Music Hall in 1881 and it was finally named The Olympia Theatre in 1923. It ran successfully for years until, in November 1974. The theatre was restored and redecorated, allowing it to reopen on 14 March 1977, in November 2004, a truck reversing on Dame Street crashed into the front of the Olympia damaging the building. A cast-iron and glass canopy from the 1890s, by the Saracen Foundry in Glasgow, was demolished during the accident but has since been restored, R. E. M. recorded their album Live at the Olympia at the venue. Erasure played two consecutive sold-out shows here during their Total Pop Tour in June 2011, recording footage used for the videoclip of their single When I Start To. The band played again at the Olympia for two others consecutive sold-out shows in 2014 for their The Violet Flame Tour, during these shows they recorded footage used later for the Sacred video. Tom Waits recorded his version of The Piano Has Been Drinking here. Tori Amos played her first European gig in the Olympia, in September 2015, Swedens Eurovision Song Contest winner Måns Zelmerlöw is expected to kick off a 17-date European tour at the venue. The film An Awfully Big Adventure shot a number of scenes at the theatre, Dermot Morgan recorded Dermot Morgan Live here on 16 April 1994. The Olympia, along with Dublins Gaiety Theatre and The Helix Theatre and its most recent productions have been Aladdin, Cinderella, Jack and the Beanstalk, Robin Hood and a revival of Cinderella which starred Jedward as the Fairy Godbrothers. This year the Olympia pantomime features Jedward once again in Jedward, list of concert halls Anthony, Barry
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Passionfruit Theatre
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The Passionfruit Theatre is a theatre and theatre company based in Athlone, County Westmeath, Ireland. It was founded by Irish playwright and novelist Joe Ducke, Old Vic graduate Emily Campbell and it is the third theatre in Athlone along with the Dean Crowe Theatre and Arts Centre and the Little Theatre. Since its inception, Passionfruit Theatre has produced shows in Athlone, the companys first production under the Passionfruit moniker was a tour of Joe Duckes one-act play East of the Sun, West of the Moon in 2005. The play centres on three characters, Maud Gonne, Lady Gregory, and William Butler Yeats, and how their lives intersect on the evening of December 31,1899. According to the author, he wrote the play during the Christmas holidays in 1999 when the New Millennium was just around the corner. The setting is New Years Eve 1899, and I used real characters to describe the new feeling of anticipation that always surrounds such crucial dates, the production was directed by Mark Shanahan with set and costume design by Emily Campbell. Dermot Ward played Yeats, Anne Hoey played the role of Lady Gregory, Anne Hoey won a best actress award for her portrayal of Lady Gregory on the One-Act circuit in 2006. In 2006 Passionfruit Theatre embarked on three high-profile productions, the first was Walk a Crooked Mile, a three-act play by Joe Ducke, which was performed in the Athlone Dean Crowe Theatre in February 2006. The production was directed by Paul Fagan, with set and costume by Emily Campbell and lighting design, the cast included Passionfruit regulars Dermot Ward, Anne Hoey and Emily Campbell. The author has described the play as Hamlet reset and retold in the Irish midlands. In August 2006 Passionfruit toured two one-act plays, Brazen Bulls by Irish playwright Oswald J. Healy, and A Slight Ache by Harold Pinter, galway, the Bog Lane Theatre in Ballymahon, and the Teachers Club Theatre in Dublin. Both plays were directed by Paul Fagan, with set and costume design by Emily Campbell, Brazen Bulls starred Dermot Ward, Stephen Herbert and John Keane, while A Slight Ache starred Eoin OConnell, Evie Craddock and Dan ODowd. Other productions include, With Wandering Steps and Slow by Oswald J. Healy Directed by Paul Fagan The Pot of Broth by William Butler Yeats Directed by Luke Hayden 5 Dec 2007, one Of Us by Joseph Ducke, played Marcus Goodbody Dean Crowe Theatre, Athlone. In August 2007 Passionfruit Theatre was approved for a grant towards the refurbishment of its theatre at Northgate St. Athlone. The newly refurbished theatre has been designed by Budd Holden, student of the Lee Strasberg Theatre, Athlone List of Irish theatres and theatre companies Homepage Athlone. ie
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Project Arts Centre
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Project Arts Centre is a multidisciplinary arts centre based in Temple Bar, Dublin, which hosts theatre, dance, music and performance. Project Arts Centre was founded by Jim FitzGerald and Colm OBriain in 1967 after a festival at the Gate Theatre in 1966. Project Arts Centre was the first such centre in Ireland. The Centre had several homes before it opened for business in a factory on East Essex Street in 1975. The centre has been a venue for many of the performing arts festivals including Dublin Dance Festival, Dublin Writers Festival, Dublin Fringe Festival. Since the Irish recession there has been an emphasis on cross cultural productions
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Riverbank Arts Centre
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Riverbank Arts Centre is a multi-disciplinary venue including theatre and visual arts centre in Newbridge, County Kildare, Ireland. Located just off the M7 motorway,40 minutes from Dublin City, Riverbank Arts Centre is lively, atmospheric and convenient, from theatre, music and comedy to childrens events and cinema, Riverbank Arts Centre provides an intimate setting for a broad variety of shows. Riverbank Arts Centre Café offers lunch and afternoon tea daily, from 9. 00am, if you want a full meal or a quick snack, or one of our delicious home made desserts and a gourmet coffee, this is the place to go. Come for the arts and theatre and stay for the food, the venue is accessible for those of varying abilities including wheelchair accessible ramp, interior lift to gallery and auditorium, increased seating capacity for wheelchair users. There are also a number of dedicated accessible parking spaces to the front of the building, official site Riverbank Arts Centre at the Discover Ireland page
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Smock Alley Theatre
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The Smock Alley Theatre is a theatre in Dublin. The original theatre opened in 1662 and operated till 1787, in 2012, after a €3.5 million investment, a new theatre opened on the original foundations and with a lot of the original superstructure. The Smock Alley Theatre was the purpose built theatre in Ireland. It was preceded by the Werburgh Street Theatre - which was, however, only active for four years and that earlier theater came to a sudden end with the outbreak of the Irish Rebellion of 1641. In October of that year, the Lords Justices prohibited playing there, already shortly afterwards, the building was said to be ruined and spoiled, and a cow-house made of the stage. There never was an attempt to renew theatrical activity in that location, the years of Oliver Cromwells Puritan rule were a bad time for the theater, altogether outlawed also in England itself. Moreover, Ireland, conquered by Cromwells troops, suffered various other kinds of harsh oppression, but the restoration of King Charles II - who strongly appreciated French culture, including French theater - saw the swift revival of theater and its flourishing in both England and Ireland. Within a short time of the Restoration of the Monarchy, no less than three major theaters were opened, the construction in London of Lincolns Inn Fields, and Drury Lane was closely followed by Dublins Smock Alley Theatre, the first Irish institute to be dubbed Theatre Royal. It was known as the Theatre Royal at Smock Alley when it was built and it consisted of a classical proscenium stage, pit, boxes, a middle and upper gallery, lattices and a music/orchestra loft above the stage, also the acoustics were said to be excellent. The pit had backless benches and a floor that rose toward the back of the audience to help sightlines. Mostly single men sat here, and it was the noisiest, rowdiest area in the theatre, boxes sat upper class aristocrats—mostly married couples with wives who wanted to be seen. Boxes were luxuriously decorated with velvet drapes should the occupants require some privacy during the evening. for whatever reason, the doors were wider in the boxes to allow access for the voluminous dresses of the ladies. Galleries held the class, including servants of the upper classes in attendance. These were the worst seats as they were on the level as the large chandeliers that lit the theatre. Candles were made of tallow and they were very pungent and smokey and he was pulled from the wreckage of his box with two broken legs There was another partial collapse in March 1734 after which it was abandoned for a short while. The major decision was taken to demolish and rebuild the theatre in 1735 with increased audience capacity. However a new theatre had opened in Aungier Street and it managed to wrestle the title Theatre Royal from Smock Alley for a time, in 1745 Thomas Sheridan, godson of Jonathan Swift, took on the role of manager of Smock Alley and Aungier Street. He made many improvements and reclaimed the title Theatre Royal for Smock Alley, by 1750 the Aungier Street theatre had closed down
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Taibhdhearc na Gaillimhe
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Taibhdhearc na Gaillimhe, also called An Taiḃḋearc, is the national Irish language theatre of Ireland. The word taibhdhearc appears as a gloss for the Latin teatrum in an old Irish document, derived from roots meaning dream, the modern Irish for a theatre is amharclann. The building itself is built on the ruins of the citys original Augustinian friary. The rear wall incorporates a wall from this friary, including carved stone window frames. With its location on An tSráid Láir the Taibhdhearc is situated in the heart of the city of Galway. Throughout the year the theatre is a much sought-after venue for drama and music productions, the busiest period for the arts in the city happens during the two weeks of the annual Galway Arts Festival. In 2004 An Taibhdhearc awarded the Gradam Bhaitéir Uí Mhaicín prize for scriptwriting to Coinneáil Orainn by Darach Ó Scolaí, after suffering extensive smoke damage during a fire in 2007 An Taibhdhearc closed its doors for an extended period of renovation and refurbishment. While the theatre has been closed An Taibhdhearc has continued to produce shows in venues around Galway city and county. The theatre was re-opened in autumn 2012, with Irish President Michael D Higgins reopening the theatre at an event in September 2012
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Focus Theatre
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The Focus Theatre in Dublin was a small but respected theatre which offered a variety of plays from new and established writers. Focus Theatres Acting Studio was founded in April 1963 by the Irish American actor, the Focus Theatre itself was founded by OConnell and her husband, Luke Kelly of The Dubliners in 1967, and opened on 29 September with a production of Doris Lessings Play With a Tiger. It has been at the forefront of training actors and directors in Stanislavskis system as well as putting on productions of the classics of European and international theatre. Several notable actors have been associated with the Focus, including Gabriel Byrne, Sabina Coyne, Olwen Fouéré, Tom Hickey, Bosco Hogan, the artistic director is Joe Devlin. The theatre closed in April 2012 due to funding issues
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Queen's Theatre, Dublin
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The Queens Theatre, Dublin, located in Pearse Street was originally built in 1829 as the Adelphi Theatre. This building was demolished in 1844 and rebuilt and it reopened that same year as the Queens Royal Theatre, the new owner having been granted a Royal Patent to operate as a patent theatre. The theatre quickly became known as simply the Queens and it was most famous in the 20th century as the home of the Happy Gang, a troupe of comics, singers and musicians including Danny Cummins and Cecil Nash. The Abbey Theatre took over the building after the Abbey fire of 1951, the theatre closed in 1969 and was demolished in 1975
