1.
Taylor Lautner
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Taylor Lautner is an American actor, model and martial artist. Lautner is known for playing Jacob Black in The Twilight Saga film series based on the novels of the name by Stephenie Meyer. As a child, Lautner took up martial arts in Holland, in 2005, he appeared in the film Cheaper by the Dozen 2 and starred in The Adventures of Sharkboy and Lavagirl in 3-D. He also starred in the 2011 action film Abduction, in 2010, he was ranked second on Glamours The 50 Sexiest Men of 2010 list, and fourth on Peoples Most Amazing Bodies list. Also in the year, Lautner was named the highest-paid teenage actor in Hollywood. Lautner was born on February 11,1992, in Grand Rapids, Michigan, to Deborah and his mother works for a software development company, while his father was a Midwest Airlines pilot. He has one sister named Makena. Raised as a Roman Catholic, Lautner has Austrian, English, German, Swiss-German, French, Irish, and Dutch heritage, Taylor grew up in Hudsonville, Michigan, a town near Grand Rapids. Lautner stated that when he was younger he was bullied in school because he was an actor and he commented, I just had to tell myself I cant let this get to me. This is what I love to do, and Im going to continue doing it. He took his first karate class at the age of six, a year later, he attended the national karate tournament in Louisville, Kentucky, where he met Michael Chaturantabut, the founder of Xtreme Martial Arts. Chaturantabut invited Lautner to a camp he held at University of California, Lautner trained with Chaturantabut for several years, earning his black belt by the age of eight, and winning several junior world championships. He appeared in an ISKA karate event televised on ESPN in 2003 that was later lampooned on the sports-comedy show Cheap Seats that first aired in 2006. In junior high, Lautner—who was involved in karate, baseball and hip-hop dance—won the award for Best Smile and he went to public school in Valencia, California at Valencia High School until his sophomore year. Chaturantabut, who portrayed the Blue Ranger in Power Rangers Lightspeed Rescue. For a few years, the Lautners flew from Michigan to Los Angeles for auditions when his talent agency called, Lautner balanced karate and acting with being on the football and baseball teams at his school, and taking up jazz and hip-hop dance. After that became tiring, Lautner and his family decided to move to California for a month, to try it out, before moving to Santa Clarita, California, permanently in 2002. In his first months after moving to Los Angeles, Lautner appeared in television roles, small film roles
Taylor Lautner
–
Lautner at the 2009
Comic-Con International
Taylor Lautner
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Lautner with
Twilight costars
Kristen Stewart and
Robert Pattinson at the
2009 MTV Movie Awards.
Taylor Lautner
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Lautner at the
Abduction premiere, 2011.
2.
Saban Capital Group
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Saban Capital Group, Inc. is an American private equity investment firm based in Los Angeles, California focused on media, entertainment, and communications investments. Formed in 2010 by Haim Saban, Saban Capital Group owns Saban Brands, part of Univision Communications, Saban Music Group was formed in 1983 by music and television producers Haim Saban and Shuki Levy as Saban Records, a U. S. subsidiary of Saban International Paris. In 1986, Warner Communications acquired Saban Records first catalog of music for about $6 million, in October 2006, SCGs Saban Entertainment Group division announced the beginning of its virtual studio program for starting up and developing family entertainment. On October 17,2011, Saban Capital Group acquired 7. 5% stake in Jakarta-based Indonesian largest integrated media company, in July 2012, Saban Capital Group acquired minority stake in PT MNC Sky Vision Tbk, the largest pay-TV operator in Indonesia which owns Indovision and Top TV. In August 2012, Saban Capital Group launched a new publishing division called Music Ventures. On May 6,2014, Saban Capital announced the launch of Saban Films, on May 5,2010, Saban Capital Group announced that it would start Saban Brands, a successor company to Saban Entertainment dedicated to acquiring entertainment and consumer brands. It was also announced that Saban Brands is in negotiations to buy three other brands, on August 17,2010, it was announced that Saban Brands bought Paul Frank Industries. On May 1,2012, Kidsco Media Ventures LLC, an affiliate of Saban Capital Group, placed a bid to acquire some of 4Kids Entertainments assets, franchise and The CW4Kids block, for $10 million. 4K Acquisition Corp, a subsidiary of Konami, then placed a bid, on June 5,2012, 4Kids commenced an auction between Kidsco and 4K Acquisition which was then adjourned so 4Kids, Kidsco, and 4K Acquisition could consider an alternative transaction. On June 15,2012, 4Kids filed a notice outlining a proposed deal in which its assets would be divided between Kidsco and 4K Acquisition which was finalized on June 26,2012, the deal saw 4K Acquisition acquire the US rights to the Yu-Gi-Oh. Franchise and Kidsco acquire 4Kids other assets including the agreements for Dragon Ball Z Kai, Cubix, Robots for Everyone, Sonic X, on June 12,2012, it was announced that Saban Brands plans to reintroduce the Popples franchise with new merchandise in fall 2013. On August 3,2012, it was announced that Saban Brands acquired The Playforge, on September 19,2012, Saban Brands announced that they acquired Zui provider of Kid-Safe Online content. In October 2013, Saban Brands shut down The Playforge because of game sales. Saban Brands and Lionsgate Films announced in May 2014 that they are planning to produce a new Power Rangers feature film, by August 4, Saban Brands sold KidZui to Leapfrog Enterprises. Later on, Macbeth Footwear was acquired by Saban Brands, and in December, on January 6,2014, it was announced that Saban Brands Lifestyle Group acquired Mambo Graphics. Bug Music has since acquired the post-1986 to 2010 catalog of music from Saban Music Group, hollywood Star Dogs Current rights Beetleborgs Digimon Cirque du Soleil Media Emojiville Glitter Force Julius Jr. com
Saban Capital Group
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Saban Capital Group, Inc.
3.
Action film
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Action film is a film genre in which the protagonist or protagonists end up in a series of challenges that typically include violence, extended fighting, physical feats, and frantic chases. Advancements in CGI have made it cheaper and easier to create action sequences, while action has long been a recurring component in films, the action film genre began to develop in the 1970s along with the increase of stunts and special effects. The genre is associated with the thriller and adventure film genres. Some historians consider The Great Train Robbery to be the first action film, during the 1920s and 1930s, action-based films were often swashbuckling adventure films in which actors, such as Douglas Fairbanks, wielded swords in period pieces or Westerns. The 1940s and 1950s saw action in a new form through war, the film, along with a war-adventure called The Guns of Navarone, inspired producers Albert R. Broccoli and Harry Saltzman to invest in their own spy-adventure, based on the novels of Ian Fleming. The long-running success of the James Bond films or series introduced a staple of the action film. Such larger-than-life characters were a veritable “one-man army”, able to dispatch villainous masterminds after cutting through their disposable henchmen in increasingly creative ways, such heroes are ready with one-liners, puns, and dry quips. The Bond films also used fast cutting, car chases, fist fights, a variety of weapons and gadgets, Dirty Harry essentially lifted its star, Clint Eastwood, out of his cowboy typecasting, and framed him as the archetypal hero of the urban action film. In many countries, restrictions on language, adult content, and violence had loosened up, in the 1970s, martial-arts films from Hong Kong became popular with Western audiences and inspired big budget films such as Bruce Lees Enter the Dragon. Chuck Norris blended martial arts with cops and robbers in films such as Good Guys Wear Black, from Japan, Sonny Chiba starred in his first martial arts movie in 1973 called the Karate Kiba. His breakthrough international hit was The Street Fighter series, which established him as the reigning Japanese martial arts actor in international cinema and he also played the role of Mas Oyama in Champion of Death, Karate Bearfighter, and Karate for Life. Chibas action films were not only bounded by martial arts, but also action thriller, jidaigeki, in the 1980s Hollywood produced many big budget action blockbusters with actors such as Sylvester Stallone, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Lorenzo Lamas, Michael Dudikoff, Charles Bronson and Bruce Willis. Steven Spielberg and George Lucas paid their homage to the Bond-inspired style with Raiders of the Lost Ark, in 1982, veteran actor Nick Nolte and rising comedian Eddie Murphy broke box office records with the action-comedy 48 Hrs. credited as the first buddy-cop movie. That same year, Sylvester Stallone starred in First Blood, the first installment in the Rambo film series made the character John Rambo a pop culture icon. 1984 saw the beginning of the Terminator starring Linda Hamilton and Arnold Schwarzenegger and this story provides one of the grittiest roles for a woman in action and Hamilton was required to put in extensive effort to develop a strong physique. The 1988 film, Die Hard, was influential on the development of the action genre. In the film, Bruce Willis plays a New York police detective who becomes embroiled in a terrorist take-over of a Los Angeles office building high-rise. The film set a pattern for a host of imitators, like Under Siege and Sudden Death, by the end of the 1980s, the influence of the successful action film could be felt in almost every genre
Action film
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Actor
Sylvester Stallone starred as a troubled Vietnam war vet who becomes a "one man army" in the popular
Rambo action films.
4.
Marie Avgeropoulos
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Marie Avgeropoulos is a Canadian actress and model with Greek ancestry. Her break-out role was as Valli Wooley in the 2009 film I Love You, since then, she has appeared in more film and TV roles, as Kirstie in Cult, as Kim Rhodes in Hunt to Kill, and the sci-fi series The 100 as Octavia Blake. After studying broadcast journalism for two years in her hometown, Avgeropoulos moved to Europe, several months later, she came back to Canada and settled in Vancouver. Avgeropoulos started playing drums when she was 16, one of her friends invited her for a casting call in Vancouver, which happened to be looking for drummers. A talent agent recognized her talent and invited her to appear in national commercials. She caught the attention of director Chris Columbus and he hired Avgeropoulos for I Love You, Beth Cooper, which became her first feature film role. Her appearance in the film gave her the opportunities to star in more films, in 2010, Avgeropoulos was cast as Kim Rhodes in the film Hunt to Kill, which became her break-out role. Early in 2013, Avgeropoulos made her break-out in television after being cast for a role in The CWs Cult. However, the failed to attract viewers and after episode 7. The remaining six episodes of the show were broadcast later in the summer, not long after the show ended, The CW cast her as one of the main characters in their new sci-fi, The 100, to portray the character Octavia Blake. Marie Avgeropoulos at the Internet Movie Database
Marie Avgeropoulos
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Avgeropoulos at the 2013
San Diego Comic-Con International
5.
Parkour
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Parkour is a training discipline using movement that developed from military obstacle course training. Practitioners aim to get one point to another in a complex environment, without assistive equipment. Parkour includes running, climbing, swinging, vaulting, jumping, rolling, quadrupedal movement, parkours development from military training gives it some aspects of a non-combative martial art. Parkour is an activity that can be practised alone or with others and is usually—but not exclusively—carried out in urban spaces. Parkour involves seeing ones environment in a new way, and imagining the potential for navigating it by movement around, across, through, over and under its features. Parkour was developed in France, primarily by Raymond Belle, and further by his son David and the group of friends. The discipline was popularised in the late 1990s and 2000s through films, documentaries, the word parkour derives from parcours du combattant, the classic obstacle course method of military training proposed by Georges Hébert. Raymond Belle used the term le parcours to encompass all of his training including climbing, jumping, running, balancing, and the other methods he undertook in his personal athletic advancement. His son, David, further developed his fathers methods and achieved success as a stuntman, Koundé suggested he change the c of parcours to a k because it was stronger and more dynamic, and to remove the silent s for the same reason, forming parkour. A practitioner of parkour is called a traceur, with the form being traceuse. They are nouns derived from the French verb tracer, which means to trace, as in tracing a path. The verb tracer used familiarly means, to buck up, the term traceur was originally the name of a parkour group headed by David Belle which included Sébastien Foucan and Stéphane Vigroux. A jam refers to a meeting of traceurs, involving training lasting anywhere from hours to several days, the first parkour jam was organised in July 2002 by Romain Drouet, with a dozen people including Sébastien Foucan and Stéphane Vigroux. In Western Europe, a forerunner of parkour was French naval officer Georges Hébert and he noted, their bodies were splendid, flexible, nimble, skillful, enduring, and resistant but yet they had no other tutor in gymnastics but their lives in nature. His rescue efforts during the 1902 eruption of Mount Pelée on Saint-Pierre, Martinique, reinforced his belief that athletic skill must be combined with courage, Hébert became a physical education tutor at the college of Reims in France. Hébert set up a méthode naturelle session consisting of ten groups, walking, running, jumping, quadrupedal movement, climbing, balancing, throwing, lifting, self-defence. These were intended to develop the three forces, energetic, moral and physical. During World War I and World War II, teaching continued to expand, becoming the system of French military education
Parkour
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A traceur performing a speed vault
Parkour
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David Belle is considered the founder of parkour.
Parkour
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Traceurs in
Lisses re-painting a wall, repairing shoe scuff marks from parkour.
Parkour
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Prohibition of parkour at the
Strasbourg Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, 2012
6.
Central Park
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Central Park is an urban park in Manhattan, New York City. Central Park is the most visited park in the United States, with 40 million visitors in 2013. The park was established in 1857 on 778 acres of city-owned land, construction began the same year and the parks first area was opened to the public in the winter of 1858. Construction continued during the American Civil War farther north, and was expanded to its current size of 843 acres in 1873, Central Park was designated a National Historic Landmark by the U. S. Department of the Interior in 1962. The Conservancy is a organization that contributes 75 percent of Central Parks $65 million annual budget and is responsible for all basic care of the 843-acre park. Between 1821 and 1855, New York City nearly quadrupled in population, as the city expanded northward up Manhattan, people were drawn to the few existing open spaces, mainly cemeteries, to get away from the noise and chaotic life in the city. Since Central Park was not part of the original Commissioners Plan of 1811, John Randel, Jr. surveyed the grounds. The only remaining surveying bolt from his survey is still visible, it is embedded in a rock just north of the present Dairy and the 65th Street Transverse, the bolt marks the location where West 65th Street would have intersected Sixth Avenue. The state appointed a Central Park Commission to oversee the development of the park, Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux developed what came to be known as the Greensward Plan, which was selected as the winning design. The Greensward Plan called for some 36 bridges, all designed by Vaux, ranging from rugged spans of Manhattan schist or granite, to lacy Neo-Gothic cast iron, several influences came together in the design. Landscaped cemeteries, such as Mount Auburn and Green-Wood had set examples of idyllic, naturalistic landscapes, the most influential innovations in the Central Park design were the separate circulation systems for pedestrians, horseback riders, and pleasure vehicles. The crosstown commercial traffic was entirely concealed in sunken roadways, screened with densely planted shrub belts so as to maintain a rustic ambiance, before the construction of the park could start, the area had to be cleared of its inhabitants. Most lived in villages, such as Harsenville, the Piggery District, or Seneca Village, or in the school. Approximately 1,600 residents were evicted under the rule of eminent domain during 1857, Seneca Village and parts of the other communities were razed to make room for the park. During the parks construction, Olmsted fought constant battles with the park commissioners, between 1860 and 1873, most of the major hurdles to construction were overcome and the park was substantially completed. The work was documented with technical drawings and photographs. More gunpowder was used to clear the area than was used at the Battle of Gettysburg during the American Civil War, the parks commissioners assigned a name to each of the original 18 gates in 1862. The names were chosen to represent the diversity of New York Citys trades, for example, Mariners Gate for the entrance at 85th Street
Central Park
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The Pond and Hallett Nature Sanctuary in the park's southeast corner
Central Park
Central Park
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John Randel 's survey bolt, still visible in Central Park
Central Park
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One of 36 bridges in the park
7.
Riverside Park (Manhattan)
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Riverside Park is a scenic waterfront public park on the Upper West Side of the borough of Manhattan in New York City, operated and maintained by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation. The park consists of a narrow 4-mile strip of land between the Hudson River and the gently curving rise-and-fall of Riverside Drive, Riverside Park also contains part of the Manhattan Waterfront Greenway, which encircles Manhattans waterfronts with car-free bike routes. The 191 acres of land which form the area of the Park were undeveloped prior to construction of the Hudson River Railroad. The first proposal to convert the riverside precipice into a park was contained in a written by William R. Martin. In 1866, a bill introduced into the Legislature by commissioner Andrew Green was approved, the first segment of park was acquired through condemnation in 1872, the conceptual plan for a new park and road was drawn by Frederick Law Olmsted, designer of the nearby Central Park. With the beginning of the City Beautiful movement in the twentieth century. Stuart Williamson designed the extension with its decorative viaduct, castle-like retaining walls, in 1937, Robert Moses completed the Westside Improvement Project to transform the park, which had become a haven for squatters. Mosess project added new landfill west of the tracks, covered the New York Central rail line, the park and the parkway were done so skillfully that the public is generally unaware that the Freedom Tunnel, a rail tunnel now used by Amtrak, is underneath. The project, which cost more than $100 million in the 1930s, was twice as big as the Hoover Dam project, the project plan by Gilmore D. Clarke and Clinton Loyd added 132 acres to the park and took recreation into consideration. Facing great opposition and hobbled by his financial position, Trump agreed in 1990 to adopt a new plan for the site put forward by six civic groups. In order to expand Riverside Park by 25 acres, Trumps proposed shopping mall would be removed, a new Riverside Boulevard would curve above the relocated highway, with the park sloping down toward the river. Portions of the rail yard, such as the New York Central Railroad 69th Street Transfer Bridge. Pier I at 70th Street, part of the railyard, was rebuilt, it maintains its original length of 795 feet, phase 2 comprises a waterfront section from 70th Street to 65th Street. Phase 2, opened in June 2003, has two plazas at 66th and 68th Streets, as well as a jagged waterfront, phase 3, opened in August 2006, stretches from 65th Street to 62nd Street on the waterfront. Phase 4 opened in 2007 along the waterfront from 62nd to 57th Streets, the design of Phases 5, and 6, located between the current and future highway alignments, is partially tied to the fate of the highway relocation, the timing of which is still uncertain. However the Parks Department has approved a design for two sections, construction will start in 2017. Relocating the highway will require reconstruction of the park. The most used sections of Riverside Park are on the slopes between the Hudson and Riverside Drive from 72nd Street to 125th Street
Riverside Park (Manhattan)
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Riverside Park has many walking and bicycle paths
Riverside Park (Manhattan)
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A painting of Riverside Drive and Riverside Park at about 145th Street, c.1940s.
Riverside Park (Manhattan)
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Donald Trump built this extension of Riverside Park South.
Riverside South buildings are visible to the right
Riverside Park (Manhattan)
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The Little Engine Playground in Riverside South
8.
Long Island City
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Long Island City is the westernmost residential and commercial neighborhood of the New York City borough of Queens. L. I. C. is noted for its rapid and ongoing growth and gentrification, its waterfront parks. L. I. C. has among the highest concentration of art galleries, art institutions and it originally was the seat of government of the Town of Newtown, and remains the largest neighborhood in Queens. The area is part of Queens Community Board 1, located north of the Queensboro Bridge and Queens Plaza, Long Island City is the eastern terminus of the Queensboro Bridge, also known as the 59th Street Bridge, which is the only non-toll automotive route connecting Queens and Manhattan. Northwest of the terminus are the Queensbridge Houses, a development of the New York City Housing Authority. At time of incorporation, Long Island City had between 12,000 and 15,000 residents and its charter provided for an elected mayor and a ten-member Board of Alderman with two representing each of the citys five wards. City ordinances could be passed by a majority vote of the Board of Aldermen, Long Island City held its first election on July 5,1870. Residents elected A. D. Delmars the first mayor, Delmars ran as both a Democrat and a Republican, the mayor and the aldermen were inaugurated on July 18,1870. In the 1880s, Mayor De Bevoise nearly bankrupted the Long Island City government by embezzling, the petition was ultimately dropped by the citizens. Long Island City continued to exist as a city until 1898. The last mayor of Long Island City was a notorious Irish-American named Patrick Jerome Battle-Axe Gleason, the city surrendered its independence in 1898 to become part of the City of Greater New York. However, Long Island City survives as ZIP code 11101 and ZIP code prefix 111 and was formerly a sectional center facility, the Common Council of Long Island City in 1873 adopted the coat of arms as emblematical of the varied interest represented by Long Island City. It was designed by George H. Williams, of Ravenswood, the overall composition was inspired by New York Citys coat of arms. The shield is rich in historic allusion, including Native American, Dutch, in 1898, Long Island City became part of New York City. Through the 1930s, numerous tunnels, the Queens-Midtown Tunnel. By the 1970s, the factories in Long Island City were being abandoned, in 1981, Queens West on the west side of Long Island City was developed to revitalize the area. In 2006, a resident of nearby Woodside, Hiroyuki Takenaga, Long Island City was once home to many factories and bakeries, some of which are finding new uses. The former Silvercup bakery is now home to Silvercup Studios, which has produced works such as NBCs 30 Rock and HBOs Sex
Long Island City
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Long Island City in 2010
Long Island City
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Detail of 1896 map of Long Island City, from the
Greater Astoria Historical Society
Long Island City
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LIC General Post Office, 11101
Long Island City
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Gantry cranes in
Gantry Plaza State Park on the Long Island City waterfront
9.
Rotten Tomatoes
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Rotten Tomatoes is an American review aggregator website for film and television. The company was launched in August 1998 by Senh Duong and since January 2010 has been owned by Flixster, in February 2016, Rotten Tomatoes and its parent site Flixster were sold to Comcasts Fandango. Warner Bros. retained a minority stake in the merged entities, since 2007, the websites editor-in-chief has been Matt Atchity. The name, Rotten Tomatoes, derives from the practice of audiences throwing rotten tomatoes when disapproving of a stage performance. From early 2008 to September 2010, Current Television aired the weekly The Rotten Tomatoes Show, featuring hosts, a shorter segment was incorporated into the weekly show, InfoMania, which ended in 2011. In September 2013, the website introduced TV Zone, a section for reviewing scripted TV shows, Rotten Tomatoes was launched on August 12,1998, as a spare-time project by Senh Duong. His goal in creating Rotten Tomatoes was to create a site where people can get access to reviews from a variety of critics in the U. S. As a fan of Jackie Chans, Duong was inspired to create the website after collecting all the reviews of Chans movies as they were being published in the United States, the first movie whose reviews were featured on Rotten Tomatoes was Your Friends & Neighbors. The website was an success, receiving mentions by Netscape, Yahoo. and USA Today within the first week of its launch. They officially launched it on April 1,2000, in June 2004, IGN Entertainment acquired rottentomatoes. com for an undisclosed sum. In September 2005, IGN was bought by News Corps Fox Interactive Media, in January 2010, IGN sold the website to Flixster. The combined reach of both companies is 30 million unique visitors a month across all different platforms, according to the companies, in May 2011, Flixster was acquired by Warner Bros. In early 2009, Current Television launched the version of the web review site. It was hosted by Brett Erlich and Ellen Fox and written by Mark Ganek, the show aired every Thursday at 10,30 EST on the Current TV network. The last episode aired on September 16,2010 and it returned as a much shorter segment of InfoMania, a satirical news show that ended in 2011. By late 2009, the website was designed to enable Rotten Tomatoes users to create, one group, The Golden Oyster Awards, accepted votes of members for different awards, as if in parallel to the better-known Oscars or Golden Globes. When Flixster bought the company, they disbanded the groups, announcing, in the meantime, please use the Forums to continue your conversations about your favorite movie topics. As of February 2011, new community features have been added, for example, users can no longer sort films by fresh ratings from rotten ratings, and vice versa
Rotten Tomatoes
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60–100%
Rotten Tomatoes
Rotten Tomatoes
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≤0-59%
10.
Metacritic
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Metacritic is a website that aggregates reviews of media products, music albums, games, movies, TV shows, DVDs, and formerly, books. For each product, the scores from each review are averaged, Metacritic was created by Jason Dietz, Marc Doyle, and Julie Doyle Roberts. The site provides an excerpt from each review and hyperlinks to its source, a color of Green, Yellow or Red summarizes the critics recommendations and therefore the general appeal of the product to reviewers and, to a lesser extent, the public. It is regarded as the game industrys foremost review aggregator. Metacritics scoring converts each review into a percentage, either mathematically from the mark given, before being averaged, the scores are weighted according to the critics fame, stature, and volume of reviews. Metacritic was launched in July 1999 by Marc Doyle, his sister Julie Doyle Roberts, rotten Tomatoes was already compiling movie reviews, but Doyle, Roberts, and Dietz saw an opportunity to cover a broader range of media. They sold Metacritic to CNET in 2005, CNET and Metacritic are now owned by the CBS Corporation. Nick Wingfield of The Wall Street Journal wrote in September 2004, Mr. Doyle,36, is now a product manager at CNET. Speaking of video games, Doyle said, A site like ours helps people cut through. unobjective promotional language and he added that the review process was not taken as seriously when unconnected magazines and websites provided reviews in isolation. In August 2010, the appearance was revamped, reaction from users was overwhelmingly negative. Certain publications are given more significance because of their stature, games Editor Marc Doyle was interviewed by Keith Stuart of The Guardian to get a look behind the metascoring process. Stuart wrote, the phenomenon, namely Metacritic and GameRankings, have become an enormously important element of online games journalism over the past few years. The ranging of metascores is, Metacritic is regarded as the foremost online review site for the video game industry. Nick Wingfield of The Wall Street Journal has written that Metacritic influence the sales of games and he explains its influence as coming from the higher cost of buying video games than music or movie tickets. Many executives say that low scores can hurt the sales potential. He claimed that a number of businesses and financial analysts use Metacritic as an early indicator of a games potential sales and, by extension. In 2004, Jason Hall of Warner Bros. began including quality metrics in contracts with partners licensing its movies for games, if a product does not at least achieve a specific score, some deals require the publisher to pay higher royalties. In 2008, Microsoft began using Metacritic averages to de-list underperforming Xbox Live Arcade games and these are the top 10 individual games with the highest scores on the site as of 2 April 2017
Metacritic
–
Metacritic
11.
B-Movie
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A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie, but one that is not an arthouse film. In its original usage, during the Golden Age of Hollywood, although the U. S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s, the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today. In either usage, most B movies represent a particular genre—the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple, while low-budget science-fiction, early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character. Almost always shorter than the films they were paired with. The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners, latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels, but series are less common. As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased, so did that of B pictures, the term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted, mainstream films with exploitation-style content, usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie. From their beginnings to the present day, B movies have provided both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning. Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies and they are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established, and they have provided work for former A movie actors, such as Vincent Price and Karen Black. Some actors, such as Bela Lugosi, Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier, the term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures. In 1927–28, at the end of the silent era, the production cost of a feature from a major Hollywood studio ranged from $190,000 at Fox to $275,000 at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. That average reflected both specials that might cost as much as $1 million and films made quickly for around $50,000. These cheaper films allowed the studios to derive value from facilities. Studios in the leagues of the industry, such as Columbia Pictures and Film Booking Offices of America. Their movies, with short running times, targeted theaters that had to economize on rental and operating costs, particularly small-town and urban neighborhood venues. A new programming scheme developed that would become standard practice, a newsreel, a short and/or serial. The second feature, which screened before the main event. The majors clearance rules favoring their affiliated theaters prevented the independents timely access to top-quality films, the low-budget picture of the 1920s thus evolved into the second feature, the B movie, of Hollywoods Golden Age. The major studios, at first resistant to the double feature, all established B units to provide films for the expanding second-feature market
B-Movie
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The "King of the Bs",
Roger Corman, produced and directed
The Raven (1963) for
American International Pictures.
Vincent Price headlines a cast of veteran
character actors along with a young
Jack Nicholson.
B-Movie
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Columbia 's That Certain Thing (1928) was made for less than $20,000. Soon, director
Frank Capra 's association with Columbia would help vault the studio toward Hollywood's major leagues.
B-Movie
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Warner Bros. 's Lights of New York (1928) was made for less than $23,000. Soon, director
Bryan Foy 's association with Vitaphone would help vault the studio toward Hollywood's major leagues.
12.
2015 Teen Choice Awards
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The 2015 Teen Choice Awards ceremony was held on August 16,2015 at the Galen Center in Los Angeles. The awards celebrate the achievements in music, film, television, sports, fashion, comedy, video games, and the Internet. One Direction were the biggest winners of the night, winning eight of their ten nominations, pretty Little Liars came in second by winning six of its ten nominations and Pitch Perfect 2 came in third, winning five of its ten nominations. Britney Spears was awarded with the Candies Choice Style Icon,5 Seconds of Summer — Shes Kinda Hot Little Mix — Black Magic Jussie Smollett and Bryshere Y. Zedd featuring Selena Gomezs I Want You to Know was chosen as the theme song. The first wave of nominations were announced on June 9,2015, the second wave was announced on July 8,2015. The third wave was announced on July 30,2015, winners are highlighted in bold text. 2015 Teen Choice Awards at the Internet Movie Database
2015 Teen Choice Awards
–
2015 Teen Choice Awards
13.
AllMovie
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AllMovie is an online guide service website with information about films, television programs, and screen actors. As of 2013, AllMovie. com and the AllMovie consumer brand are owned by All Media Network, AllMovie was founded by popular-culture archivist Michael Erlewine, who also founded AllMusic and AllGame. The AllMovie database was licensed to tens of thousands of distributors and retailers for point-of-sale systems, websites, the AllMovie database is comprehensive, including basic product information, cast and production credits, plot synopsis, professional reviews, biographies, relational links and more. AllMovie data was accessed on the web at the AllMovie. com website and it was also available via the AMG LASSO media recognition service, which can automatically recognize DVDs. In late 2007, Macrovision acquired AMG for a reported $72 million, the AMG consumer facing web properties AllMusic. com, AllMovie. com and AllGame. com were sold by Rovi in August 2013 to All Media Network, LLC. The buyers also include the founders of SideReel and Ackrell Capital investor Mike Ackrell. All Media Network offices are located in San Francisco, California, AllMusic AllGame SideReel All Media Network Official website
AllMovie
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AllMovie
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IMDb
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In 1998 it became a subsidiary of Amazon Inc, who were then able to use it as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes. As of January 2017, IMDb has approximately 4.1 million titles and 7.7 million personalities in its database, the site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries. Although all data is checked before going live, the system has open to abuse. The site also featured message boards which stimulate regular debates and dialogue among authenticated users, IMDb shutdown the message boards permanently on February 20,2017. Anyone with a connection can read the movie and talent pages of IMDb. A registration process is however, to contribute info to the site. A registered user chooses a name for themselves, and is given a profile page. These badges range from total contributions made, to independent categories such as photos, trivia, bios, if a registered user or visitor happens to be in the entertainment industry, and has an IMDb page, that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDbPRO. Actors, crew, and industry executives can post their own resume and this fee enrolls them in a membership called IMDbPro. PRO can be accessed by anyone willing to pay the fee, which is $19.99 USD per month, or if paid annually, $149.99, which comes to approximately $12.50 per month USD. Membership enables a user to access the rank order of each industry personality, as well as agent contact information for any actor, producer, director etc. that has an IMDb page. Enrolling in PRO for industry personnel, enables those members the ability to upload a head shot to open their page, as well as the ability to upload hundreds of photos to accompany their page. Anyone can register as a user, and contribute to the site as well as enjoy its content, however those users enrolled in PRO have greater access and privileges. IMDb originated with a Usenet posting by British film fan and computer programmer Col Needham entitled Those Eyes, others with similar interests soon responded with additions or different lists of their own. Needham subsequently started an Actors List, while Dave Knight began a Directors List, and Andy Krieg took over THE LIST from Hank Driskill, which would later be renamed the Actress List. Both lists had been restricted to people who were alive and working, the goal of the participants now was to make the lists as inclusive as possible. By late 1990, the lists included almost 10,000 movies and television series correlated with actors and actresses appearing therein. On October 17,1990, Needham developed and posted a collection of Unix shell scripts which could be used to search the four lists, at the time, it was known as the rec. arts. movies movie database
IMDb
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Internet Movie Database (IMDb)
15.
Variety (magazine)
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Variety is a weekly American entertainment trade magazine and website owned by Penske Media Corporation. The last daily printed edition was put out on March 19,2013, Variety originally reported on theater and vaudeville. Variety has been published since December 16,1905, when it was launched by Sime Silverman as a weekly periodical covering vaudeville with its headquarters in New York City, on January 19,1907, Variety published what is considered the first film review in history. In 1933, Sime Silverman launched Daily Variety, based in Hollywood, Sime Silverman had passed on the editorship of the Weekly Variety to Abel Green as his replacement in 1931, he remained as publisher until his death in 1933 soon after launching the Daily. His son Sidne Silverman, known as Skigie, succeeded him as publisher of both publications, both Sidne and his wife, stage actress Marie Saxon, died of tuberculosis. Their only son Syd Silverman, born 1932, was the heir to what was then Variety Inc. Young Syds legal guardian Harold Erichs oversaw Variety Inc. until 1956, after that date Syd Silverman was publisher of both the Weekly Variety in New York and the Daily Variety in Hollywood, until the sale of both papers in 1987 to the Cahners Corp. In L. A. the Daily was edited by Tom Pryor from 1959 until 1988, for twenty years its editor-in-chief was Peter Bart, originally only of the weekly New York edition, with Michael Silverman running the Daily in Hollywood. Bart had worked previously at Paramount Pictures and The New York Times, in April 2009, Bart moved to the position of vice president and editorial director, characterized online as Boffo No More, Bart Up and Out at Variety. From mid 2009 to 2013, Timothy M. Gray oversaw the publication as Editor-in-Chief, after over 30 years of various reporter, in October 2014, Eller and Wallenstein were upped to Co-Editors in Chief, with Littleton continuing to oversee the trades television coverage. This dissemination comes in the form of columns, news stories, images, video, Cahners Publishing purchased Variety from the Silverman family in 1987. On December 7,1988, Barts predecessor, Roger Watkins, proposed, upon its launch, the new-look Variety measured one inch shorter with a washed-out color on the front. In October 2012, Reed Business Information, the periodicals owner, PMC is the owner of Deadline. com, which since the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike has been considered Varietys largest competitor in online showbiz news. In October,2012, Jay Penske announced that the paywall would come down, the print publication would stay. A significant portion of the advertising revenue comes during the film-award season leading up to the Academy Awards. During this Awards Season, large numbers of colorful, full-page For Your Consideration advertisements inflate the size of Variety to double or triple its usual page count, paid circulation for the weekly Variety magazine in 2013 was 40,000. Each copy of each Variety issue is read by an average of three people, with a total readership of 120,000. Variety. com has 17 million unique monthly visitors, Variety is a weekly entertainment publication with a broad coverage of movies, television, theater, music and technology, written for entertainment executives
Variety (magazine)
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The Variety Building in December 2008.
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CBS Interactive
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CBS Interactive Inc. is an American media company and is a division of the CBS Corporation. It is a content network for information and entertainment. Its websites cover news, sports, entertainment, technology and business and it is headed by Jim Lanzone. On May 30,2007, CBS Interactive acquired Last. fm for £140 million, on June 30,2008, CNET Networks was acquired by CBS and the assets were merged into CBS Interactive, including Metacritic, GameSpot, TV. com, and Movietome. In April 2014, CBS Interactive quietly acquired a site Modern Auto Reviews to roll its extensive user database and it was never disclosed how much CBS Interactive paid for the acquisition but it likely to be in the 10-15 million dollar range. CBS Interactives entertainment brands are CBS, CBS Interactives music brands are Last. fm, the music discovery service and listening service, and MetroLyrics, lyrics, videos and news for music. CBS Interactives sports brands are CBSSports. com, the home of CBS Sports, with news, scores, video. BNET, founded in 2007, was a magazine dedicated to issues of business management. It merged into CBS MoneyWatch in June 2008 to become the anchor to CBS business-related content
CBS Interactive
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Logo of
CNET
17.
The New York Post
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New York Post is an American daily newspaper, primarily distributed in New York City and its surrounding area. It is the 13th-oldest and seventh-most-widely circulated newspaper in the United States, established in 1801 by federalist and Founding Father Alexander Hamilton, it became a respected broadsheet in the 19th century, under the name New York Evening Post. The modern version of the paper is published in tabloid format, in 1976, Rupert Murdoch bought Post for US$30.5 million. Since 1993, Post has been owned by News Corporation and its successor, News Corp and its editorial offices are located at 1211 Avenue of the Americas. New York Post, established on November 16,1801 as New-York Evening Post, the Hartford Courant, believed to be the oldest continuously published newspaper, was founded in 1764 as a semi-weekly paper, it did not begin publishing daily until 1836. The New Hampshire Gazette, which has trademarked its claim of being The Nations Oldest Newspaper, was founded in 1756, moreover, since the 1890s it has been published only for weekends. Post was founded by Alexander Hamilton with about US$10,000 from a group of investors in the autumn of 1801 as New-York Evening Post, the meeting at which Hamilton first recruited investors for the new paper took place in the then-country weekend villa that is now Gracie Mansion. Hamilton chose William Coleman as his first editor, the most famous 19th-century New-York Evening Post editor was the poet and abolitionist William Cullen Bryant. So well respected was New-York Evening Post under Bryants editorship, it received praise from the English philosopher John Stuart Mill, in the summer of 1829, Bryant invited William Leggett, the Locofoco Democrat, to write for the paper. There, in addition to literary and drama reviews, Leggett began to write political editorials, leggetts classical liberal philosophy entailed a fierce opposition to central banking, a support for voluntary labor unions, and a dedication to laissez-faire economics. He was a member of the Equal Rights Party, Leggett became a co-owner and editor at Post in 1831, eventually working as sole editor of the newspaper while Bryant traveled in Europe in 1834 through 1835. Another co-owner of the paper was John Bigelow, from 1849 to 1861, he was one of the editors and co-owners of New York Evening Post. In 1881 Henry Villard took control of New-York Evening Post, as well as The Nation, with this acquisition, the paper was managed by the triumvirate of Carl Schurz, Horace White, and Edwin L. Godkin. When Schurz left the paper in 1883, Godkin became editor-in-chief, White became editor-in-chief in 1899, and remained in that role until his retirement in 1903. Villard sold the paper in 1918, after allegations of pro-German sympathies during World War I hurt its circulation. The new owner was Thomas Lamont, a partner in the Wall Street firm of J. P. Morgan & Co. Conservative Cyrus H. K. Curtis—publisher of the Ladies Home Journal—purchased New-York Evening Post in 1924, in 1934, J. David Stern purchased the paper, changed its name to New York Post, and restored its broadsheet size and liberal perspective. In 1939, Dorothy Schiff purchased the paper and her husband, George Backer, was named editor and publisher
The New York Post
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August 27, 2015 front page of the New York Post
The New York Post
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Alexander Hamilton
The New York Post
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William Cullen Bryant
The New York Post
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One of the paper's most famous headlines, from the April 15, 1983 edition.
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Fox Broadcasting Company
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The Fox Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcast television network that is owned by the Fox Entertainment Group subsidiary of 21st Century Fox. It is the third largest major network in the world based on total revenues, assets. Launched on October 9,1986 as a competitor to the Big Three television networks, Fox and its affiliated companies operate many entertainment channels in international markets, although these do not necessarily air the same programming as the U. S. network. Most viewers in Canada have access to at least one U. S, the network is named after sister company 20th Century Fox, and indirectly for producer William Fox, who founded one of the movie studios predecessors, Fox Film. Fox is a member of the North American Broadcasters Association and the National Association of Broadcasters, 20th Century Fox had been involved in television production as early as the 1950s, producing several syndicated programs. Following the demise of the DuMont Television Network in August of that year after it became mired in financial problems. 20th Century Fox would also produce original content for the NTA network, KTTV in Los Angeles, KRIV in Houston, WFLD-TV in Chicago, and KRLD-TV in Dallas. In October 1985, 20th Century Fox announced its intentions to form a television network that would compete with ABC, CBS. The plans were to use the combination of the Fox studios, organizational plans for the network were held off until the Metromedia acquisitions cleared regulatory hurdles. Then, in December 1985, Rupert Murdoch agreed to pay $325 million to acquire the remaining equity in TCF Holdings from his original partner, Marvin Davis. These first six stations, then broadcasting to a reach of 22% of the nations households. Except for KDAF, all of the original owned-and-operated stations are part of the Fox network today. Like the core O&O group, Foxs affiliate body consisted of independent stations. The Fox Broadcasting Company launched at 11,00 p. m. Eastern and its inaugural program was a late-night talk show, The Late Show, which was hosted by comedian Joan Rivers. By early 1987, Rivers quit The Late Show after disagreements with the network over the creative direction. The network expanded its programming into prime time on April 5,1987, with Children and the sketch comedy series The Tracey Ullman Show. Fox added one new show per week over the several weeks, with the drama 21 Jump Street. On July 11, the network rolled out its Saturday night schedule with the premiere of the drama series Werewolf
Fox Broadcasting Company
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Fox Broadcasting Company
