In mammals, the vagina is the elastic, muscular part of the female genital tract. In humans, it extends from the vulva to the cervix; the outer vaginal opening is partly covered by a membrane called the hymen. At the deep end, the cervix bulges into the vagina; the vagina allows for sexual birth. It channels menstrual flow, which occurs in humans and related primates as part of the monthly menstrual cycle. Although research on the vagina is lacking for different animals, its location and size are documented as varying among species. Female mammals have two external openings in the vulva, the urethral opening for the urinary tract and the vaginal opening for the genital tract; this is different from male mammals, who have a single urethral opening for both urination and reproduction. The vaginal opening is much larger than the nearby urethral opening, both are protected by the labia in humans. In amphibians, birds and monotremes, the cloaca is the single external opening for the gastrointestinal tract, the urinary, reproductive tracts.

To accommodate smoother penetration of the vagina during sexual intercourse or other sexual activity, vaginal moisture increases during sexual arousal in human females and other female mammals. This increase in moisture provides vaginal lubrication; the texture of the vaginal walls creates friction for the penis during sexual intercourse and stimulates it toward ejaculation, enabling fertilization. Along with pleasure and bonding, women's sexual behavior with others can result in sexually transmitted infections, the risk of which can be reduced by recommended safe sex practices. Other health issues may affect the human vagina; the vagina and vulva have evoked strong reactions in societies throughout history, including negative perceptions and language, cultural taboos, their use as symbols for female sexuality, spirituality, or regeneration of life. In common speech, the word vagina is used to refer to the vulva or to the female genitals in general. By its dictionary and anatomical definitions, vagina refers to the specific internal structure, understanding the distinction can improve knowledge of the female genitalia and aid in healthcare communication.

The term vagina is from Latin meaning "sheath" or "scabbard". The vagina may be referred to as "the birth canal" in the context of pregnancy and childbirth. Although by its dictionary and anatomical definitions, the term vagina refers to the specific internal structure, it is colloquially used to refer to the vulva or to both the vagina and vulva. Using the term vagina to mean "vulva" can pose medical or legal confusion. Medically, the vagina is the canal between the hymen and the cervix, while it begins at the vulva, it may be that the incorrect use of the term vagina is due to not as much thought going into the anatomy of the female genitals as has gone into the study of male genitals, that this has contributed to an absence of correct vocabulary for the external female genitalia among both the general public and health professionals. Because of this and because a better understanding of female genitalia can help combat sexual and psychological harm with regard to female development, researchers endorse correct terminology for the vulva.

The human vagina is an muscular canal that extends from the vulva to the cervix. The opening of the vagina lies in the urogenital triangle; the urogenital triangle is the front triangle of the perineum and consists of the urethral opening and associated parts of the external genitalia. The vaginal canal travels upwards and backwards, between the urethra at the front, the rectum at the back. Near the upper vagina, the cervix protrudes into the vagina on its front surface at a 90 degree angle; the vaginal and urethral openings are protected by the labia. When not sexually aroused, the vagina is a collapsed tube, with the front and back walls placed together; the lateral walls their middle area, are more rigid. Because of this, the collapsed vagina has an H-shaped cross section. Behind, the inner vagina is separated from the rectum by the recto-uterine pouch, the middle vagina by loose connective tissue, the lower vagina by the perineal body. Where the vaginal lumen surrounds the cervix of the uterus, it is divided into four continuous regions.

The posterior fornix is deeper than the anterior fornix. Supporting the vagina are its upper and lower third muscles and ligaments; the upper third are the levator ani muscles, the transcervical and sacrocervical ligaments. It is supported by the upper portions of the parametrium; the middle third of the vagina involves the urogenital diaphragm. It is supported by the lower portion of the cardinal ligaments; the lower third is supported by the perineal body, or pelvic diaphragms. The lower third may be described as being supported by the perineal body and the pubovaginal part of the levator ani muscle; the vaginal opening is behind the urethral opening. The opening to the vagina is obscured by the labia minora, but may be exposed after vaginal delivery; the hymen is a membrane of tissue that surrounds or covers th

Show Time is Taiwanese Mandopop artist Show Lo's debut Mandarin solo studio album. It was released on 5 December 2003 by Avex Taiwan; the album sold 50,000 copies within two weeks of release. Avex Taiwan announced at the album's celebration party, on 12 January 2004, that over 80,000 copies were sold leading to a celebration version to be published, which included Show's directorial debut of a 30-minute music drama; the highest chart position the album achieved was five. The track "Show Time" won one of the Top 10 Gold Songs at the Hong Kong TVB8 Awards, presented by television station TVB8, in 2004; the album is of MV shot on the streets of Tokyo, Japan. Avex Tawan enlisted the help of Golden Melody Award winner and songwriter Di Zi, Bi Guoyong and Guo Jianliang to produce an album that appeals to young people."Show Time", the title track is a high tempo J-hip hop number with rap lyrics in Chinese and Japanese, written by Show, choreographed by his childhood friend Tommy of Dance Soul studios.

The other lead tracks, "敢不敢" is a mid-tempo ballad and "狐狸精" is a high tempo'battle-of-the-sexes' track. "漫無目的" is a mid-tempo dance track choreographed by Sam of Japanese pop group TRF fame. The track "妳說妳的我說我的" is the ending theme song of Taiwanese drama Hi! Working Girl starring Show and Jolin Tsai. In order for Show Time to be released in Mainland China, Show had to re-record and rename some tracks, as they were considered offensive by the Government's audit controls. For example, "狐狸精" was re-titled to "討厭鬼", part of the lyrics for "沒有妳" were changed to the Japanese rap lyrics for "Show Time" into Chinese. "Show Time" "狐狸精" "敢不敢" "沒有妳" - feat Terri Kwan & Jerry Huang from Show Lo Music Love Story "你是誰" "這一秒我哭了" - feat Terri Kwan Jerry Huang from Show Lo Music Love Story + karaoke version with footage from autograph/promotional events and behind-the-scene clips Two editions were released by Avex Taiwan: 5 December 2003 - Show Time 9 January 2004 - Show Time - includes VCD with 3 MV's and a 30 min music drama:"Show Time" MV "狐狸精" MV "敢不敢" MV Show Lo Music Love Story: written and directed by Show, starring Terri Kwan, Jerry Huang and cameo by Show.

It is a 30-minute music drama featuring songs from Show Time. It was broadcast on Azio TV from 24–26 December 2003. Show Lo@Avex Taiwan

Father of the Poor?: Vargas and His Era is a book by historian Robert M. Levine published by Cambridge University Press in 1998; the author writes about the Vargas Era of Brazilian history with a focus on Vargas' life, his political history, Brazilian political atmosphere and a critique of the Revolution being “incomplete.” Vargas’s daughter, Alzira, is credited with helping provide information to Levine for the content of the book. The book covers the origins of Vargas, including his family history, until his death in 1954, it includes how society and various political actors felt about the “Estado Novo” period including the accounts on the Integralists and Communists. The detailed history provided in the first four chapters that refer to Vargas and his policies. Vargas’s policies included but not limited to, worker empowerment programs, political reforms, that involve censorship, giving women the right to vote in 1937; the Vargas dictatorship according to Robert M Levine, had "populist" elements in addition to being totalitarian.

Vargas promoted a nationalist economic policy with his dictatorship. These economic reforms provided clarity to the working class. Workers received education and dental care for the first time; the censorship of political parties played a role in characterizing the Vargas Period. Vargas' former political allies, the Integralists, tried to influence Vargas policies and were perceived as a threat by the government. With the parties censored, he and his loyalist cabinet were able to accomplish many tasks and strengthened the domestic affairs of the state; the final chapters of the book cover the legacy and a critique of the “Estado Novo” dictatorship and Vargas’ character. One of the primary observations made by Robert was the politics Vargas was in, drove him to suicide in 1954. With the threat of military coup at any point, it caused anxiety in Vargas; the army had a history of rebelling against the government and attempted to overthrow the Old Republic at various times. The last section of the book is a detailed timeline, information on sources and a picture gallery of the Estado Novo era.

The Chronology section includes dates and times that are considered important to understanding the Vargas regime until its collapse. Review by Peter M. Beattie in the Latin American Research Review 2001: 193-201. Review by Joel W. Wolfe in the Hispanic American Historical Review 80: 210-212. Review by Peter Flynn in the Journal of Latin American Studies 33: 638-640

Gharanai Khwakhuzhi is a Career Diplomat and Foreign Service Officer of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan serving as the Deputy Director General for Regional Cooperation of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs dealing with the Heart of Asia - Istanbul Process. Along with his national languages he is fluent in English and knows basic Arabic. Khwakhuzhi was born on 28 September 1984 in Shar-e-Now – Kabul from Kandahar province, he is the eldest son of Gen. Gharzai Khwakhuzhi, a writer, political analyst and Afghan Army General, grandson of Mohammad Ibraheem Khwakhuzhi, a writer, poet and politician. Khwakhuzhi started his primary schooling at Shirpur Primary School in Shar-e-Now, Kabul. Due to the civil war in 1992 he had to take refuge in Pakistan and continued his schooling at FG School till 5th standard, due to the expanding distance from Afghan Culture and Language he started attending Abu Ali Sina Balkhi Secondary School and got his Baccalaureate from Aryana High School in 2004.

In 2009 he graduated from Preston University with a First Class Honors Degree in Information Technology. In January 2013 he got his Post-Graduate Degree in Political Science and Diplomacy from the Institute of Diplomacy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, becoming a Career Diplomat. In September 2018 he graduated from Vrije Universiteit Brussel with a Merit Degree in European Social and Political Integration, his dissertation topic was "EU Development Cooperation: Case Study of Afghanistan". He holds: Certificate in E-Governance, International Relations and Negotiations from Estonian School of Diplomacy Certificate in Diplomacy from Federal Foreign Office of Germany Certificate in Strategic Policy Planning from Netherlands Institute of International Relations Clingendael Certificate in Diplomatic Studies, Post Conflict Crisis Management and Political Decision Making from Center for Political and Diplomatic Studies Certificate in Diplomacy, Counter Terrorism Policies and International Relation from Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of Mongolia Certificate in Introduction to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan Certificates in Fundamental Computer Concepts and Basic Programming Languages from different training centers Diploma in English Language from Canadian Center for Literature and Language Studies In October 2011 he started serving as a Foreign Service Officer in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, soon he was promoted as the Deputy Director of Foreign Communications at the Directorate General of Communications and Archive.

In November 2012 having served for more than a year he was promoted as the Director of Media Monitoring Department at the Office of Spokesman and Directorate General of Communications, where he served till September 2015. He served as the Acting Deputy Director-General of Media Relations at the Office of Spokesman and Directorate General of Communications for a year and nine months from May 2013 till October 2014 and July 2015 till September 2015. In September 2015, he was assigned to his first foreign posting as the 1st Secretary of the Embassy of Afghanistan in the Kingdom of Belgium, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and the Mission of Afghanistan to the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, he worked at this post till September 2018 while dealing with the Political and EU Affairs of the Embassy and Mission. Gharanai Khwakhuzhi started his working life with an Afghan-Japanese NGO, Karez Health and Education Services in 2002 where he was responsible for coordinating and managing activities of the NGO in Pakistan, with the aim of the NGO was to provide Health and Education services to Afghans in Pakistan and Afghanistan.

In 2008 he had to settle down in Dubai, UAE and started his own company by the name of GASP LLC, involved in general trading. He has campaigned as a member of Public Relations section at the Office of People's Support of Hamid Karzai for Presidential Elections of 2009 as well as head of Public Relations and Media section at the Office of Hamid Karzai's Presidential Campaign of 2004 in Islamabad Pakistan. Apart from political life, he is a lifelong social activist working for equality of humankind in all fields of life, he has served as the head of Public Relations and Media section of Khwakhuzhi Literary and Cultural Association – an association that promotes Literacy and Afghan Culture around the country – since the establishment of the association in 2004. He has actively participated in different voluntary associations in Pakistan, UAE, Belgium and Afghanistan. In his spare time he blogs on political affairs and writes articles for newspapers and online websites and he lists photography, writing, documentaries and cricket as his hobbies.

Manipulation is a craft owned by special few and it's upon that special few to choose the path, either they go "Good" or "Evil" using it. Peace is after so many years of war, peace is what all Afghans deserve. Gharanai Khwakhuzhi's Blog Top List Alumni Portraits

John Aldag is a Canadian Liberal politician, who represented the riding of Cloverdale—Langley City in the House of Commons of Canada from the 2015 federal election until his defeat in the 2019 Canadian federal election. Aldag was born in rural Saskatchewan, he earned an MBA from Royal Roads University and had a 32-year career with Parks Canada, including postings in Whitehorse, Lake Louise, Yoho and Langley, where he was the administrator of Fort Langley National Historic Site before his entry into politics. Aldag took an unpaid leave from Parks Canada in December 2013 to begin campaigning for election to office, which he won with nearly 46% of the vote, he resigned his position upon being confirmed as the elected candidate by Elections Canada on October 26, 2015. Aldag and his wife, Elaine St. John, a doctor, have two daughters and one son, had lived in Langley for a decade at the time of his election to the House of Commons. Aldag was elected in the 2015 election as a Member of Parliament for Cloverdale—Langley City.

In the 42nd Canadian Parliament, he was appointed to two parliamentary committees. The issue of Physician-Assisted Dying touched him, causing him to be a proponent of families having conversations about their wishes in these situations, he was named as well to the House of Commons Special Committee on Electoral Reform. Aldag introduced Private Member's Bill C-374 which, if adopted, would provide a seat on the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada for First Nations, Inuit and Métis representation

Ottho Gerhard Heldring was a Dutch preacher and philanthropist who believed in justification through faith but in social work. He was one of the early leaders of the Dutch temperance movement, he is known for establishing homes and schools for prostitutes wishing to start a new life and for vulnerable girls and young women. Ottho Gerhard Heldring was born on 17 May 1804 at Zevenaar, the third son of Reverend Ottho Gerhard Heldring and Louisa Geertruida Janssen. Heldring grew up in a pietist family environment, he went to Utrecht to study theology when he was sixteen, but was disturbed by the humanistic and rationalistic theology he was exposed to there, abandoned his studies after a spiritual crisis. He worked on the land for a period at his father's request became a pastor, he was admitted to this profession by the Hemmen municipality and confirmed on 25 March 1827. He would remain in this position for the rest of his life. At Christmas 1827 he experienced an inner revelation, he surrendered to Christ, at the same time devoted himself to helping the poor.

On 24 October 1833 Heldring married Anna Elisabeth Deuffer Wiel. They would have eight children. In 1833 he published a book on Nature and Man, in 1835 published Winter Evening Readings of Pastor Gerhard, which discussed poor relief; as editor of Geldersche Volksalmanak he showed his love for the archaeology and history of Gelderland. He acquired a reputation in literary circles for his simple and natural writing, with its expression of sympathy and piety. In the 1830s and 1840s Heldring pioneered the national fight against gin, which he considered more harmful than cholera. In 1838 he published an influential book that made a convincing case through statistics for the devastating effects of gin and suggested measures to fight it. In the late 1930s Heldring began to speak publicly about justification of Christianity through faith, he appreciated the philanthropy of enlightened Christian associations such as Maatschappij tot Nut van't Algemeen, but saw excessive focus on good works as a denial of Christianity.

On the other hand, he criticized orthodox believers who lacked any form of Christ-inspired social labor. He envisioned a form of orthodox Christianity; this led him to become a leader of the Réveil movement. From 1845–54 the Christelijke Vrienden, inspired by what De Graaf has called an "orthodoxy of the heart", undertook an impressive program of social and church activities in which Heldring played a central role. Heldring had a well dug at the hamlet of Hoenderloo in 1843 and established a school there in 1846, a home for neglected boys in 1851 and a church in 1858. In 1845–46 Heldring worked hard to relieve the desperate conditions created by the potato blight through publicizing the problem and raising donations. In the late 1840s he helped with the migration of poor families from Betuwe to the newly reclaimed Anna Paulownapolder, he helped promote Protestant Christianity in the Dutch East Indies, was the driving force behind creation of the Algemeen Christelijk Nationaal Zendingsfeest missionary society.

Heldring was the first social activist in the Netherlands to advocate providing care to prostitutes rather than punishing or repressing them. He established the first asylum for "fallen" women in a village in his parish; the "Steenbeek" asylum opened in 1849 as a home for prostitutes. Heldring was supported by the Amsterdam Réveil circle, which established the Association for the Encouragement of Penitent Fallen Women in 1846; the women and girls at the asylum stayed in an austere environment, were given basic education, read the Bible and sang. The board took responsibility for them after their release, trying to find them jobs as domestic servants with respectable families or in institutions. By 1870, 825 women and girls had passed through the asylum, which had inspired institutions on similar lines across the Netherlands and throughout Europe. Heldring founded Talitha Kumi in 1857 for neglected girls aged twelve to sixteen, Bethel in 1863 for girls from sixteen to twenty, a Christian normal school in 1864 and the Vluchtheuvel Church in 1870.

The church was built on an artificial hill and had an attic that could be used as a refuge during the floods that periodically ravaged Betuwe at that time. Heldring died on 11 July 1876 in Marienbad aged 72. Hendrik Pierson succeeded Heldring in Zetten