1.
Canada
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Canada is a country in the northern half of North America. Canadas border with the United States is the worlds longest binational land border, the majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its territory being dominated by forest and tundra. It is highly urbanized with 82 per cent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, One third of the population lives in the three largest cities, Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. Its capital is Ottawa, and other urban areas include Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec City, Winnipeg. Various aboriginal peoples had inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years prior to European colonization. Pursuant to the British North America Act, on July 1,1867, the colonies of Canada, New Brunswick and this began an accretion of provinces and territories to the mostly self-governing Dominion to the present ten provinces and three territories forming modern Canada. With the Constitution Act 1982, Canada took over authority, removing the last remaining ties of legal dependence on the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Canada is a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy, with Queen Elizabeth II being the head of state. The country is officially bilingual at the federal level and it is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many other countries. Its advanced economy is the eleventh largest in the world, relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources, Canadas long and complex relationship with the United States has had a significant impact on its economy and culture. Canada is a country and has the tenth highest nominal per capita income globally as well as the ninth highest ranking in the Human Development Index. It ranks among the highest in international measurements of government transparency, civil liberties, quality of life, economic freedom, Canada is an influential nation in the world, primarily due to its inclusive values, years of prosperity and stability, stable economy, and efficient military. While a variety of theories have been postulated for the origins of Canada. In 1535, indigenous inhabitants of the present-day Quebec City region used the word to direct French explorer Jacques Cartier to the village of Stadacona, from the 16th to the early 18th century Canada referred to the part of New France that lay along the St. Lawrence River. In 1791, the area became two British colonies called Upper Canada and Lower Canada collectively named The Canadas, until their union as the British Province of Canada in 1841. Upon Confederation in 1867, Canada was adopted as the name for the new country at the London Conference. The transition away from the use of Dominion was formally reflected in 1982 with the passage of the Canada Act, later that year, the name of national holiday was changed from Dominion Day to Canada Day
2.
Academic library
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It is unknown how many academic libraries there are internationally. An academic and research portal maintained by UNESCO links to 3,785 libraries, according to the National Center for Education Statistics, there are an estimated 3,700 academic libraries in the United States. The support of teaching and learning material for class readings. In the past, the material for class readings, intended to supplement lectures as prescribed by the instructor, has been called reserves, in the period before electronic resources became available, the reserves were supplied as actual books or as photocopies of appropriate journal articles. Academic libraries must determine a focus for development since comprehensive collections are not feasible. Librarians do this by identifying the needs of the faculty and student body, as well as the mission, when there are particular areas of specialization in academic libraries, these are often referred to as niche collections. These collections are often the basis of a special department and may include original papers, artwork. There is a deal of variation among academic libraries based on their size, resources, collections. The Harvard University Library is considered to be the largest academic library in the world and has the third largest collection in the United States, another notable example is the University of the South Pacific which has academic libraries distributed throughout its twelve member countries. The first colleges in the United States were intended to train members of the clergy, the libraries associated with these institutions largely consisted of donated books on the subjects of theology and the classics. In 1766, Yale had approximately 4,000 volumes, second only to Harvard, access to these libraries was restricted to faculty members and a few students, the only staff was a part-time faculty member or the president of the college. The priority of the library was to protect the books, not to allow patrons to use them, in 1849, Yale was open 30 hours a week, the University of Virginia was open nine hours a week, Columbia University four, and Bowdoin College only three. Students instead created literary societies and assessed entrance fees in order to build a collection of usable volumes often in excess of what the university library held. Around the turn of the century, this began to change. The American Library Association was formed in 1876, with members including Melvil Dewey, Libraries re-prioritized in favor of improving access to materials, and found funding increasing as a result of increased demand for said materials. Academic libraries today vary in regard to the extent to which they accommodate those who are not affiliated with their parent universities, some offer reading and borrowing privileges to members of the public on payment of an annual fee, such fees can vary greatly. The privileges so obtained usually do not extend to such services as computer usage, other than to search the catalog, alumni and students of cooperating local universities may be given discounts or other consideration when arranging for borrowing privileges. On the other hand, access to the libraries of universities is absolutely restricted to students, faculty
3.
Archive
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An archive is an accumulation of historical records or the physical place they are located. Archives contain primary source documents that have accumulated over the course of an individual or organizations lifetime, in general, archives consist of records that have been selected for permanent or long-term preservation on grounds of their enduring cultural, historical, or evidentiary value. Archival records are normally unpublished and almost always unique, unlike books or magazines for which many copies exist. This means that archives are quite distinct from libraries with regard to their functions and organization, a person who works in archives is called an archivist. The study and practice of organizing, preserving, and providing access to information, the physical place of storage can be referred to as an archive, an archives, or a repository. When referring to historical records or the places they are kept, the computing use of the term archive should not be confused with the record-keeping meaning of the term. The adjective formed from archive is archival, the practice of keeping official documents is very old. Archaeologists have discovered archives of hundreds of clay tablets going back to the third and second millennia BC in sites like Ebla, Mari, Amarna, Hattusas, Ugarit and these discoveries have been fundamental to know ancient alphabets, languages, literature, and politics. Archives were well developed by the ancient Chinese, the ancient Greeks, however, they have been lost, since documents written on materials like papyrus and paper deteriorated at a faster pace, unlike their stone tablet counterparts. Archives of churches, kingdoms, and cities from the Middle Ages survive and have kept their official status uninterruptedly till now. They are the tool for historical research on these ages. Modern archival thinking has many roots from the French Revolution, historians, genealogists, lawyers, demographers, filmmakers, and others conduct research at archives. The research process at each archive is unique, and depends upon the institution that houses the archive. While there are kinds of archives, the most recent census of archivists in the United States identifies five major types, academic, business, government, non-profit. There are also four main areas of inquiry involved with archives, material technologies, organizing principles, geographic locations and these areas help to further categorize what kind of archive is being created. Archives in colleges, universities, and other facilities are typically housed within a library. Academic archives exist to preserve history and serve the academic community. Access to the collections in these archives is usually by prior appointment only, users of academic archives can be undergraduates, graduate students, faculty and staff, scholarly researchers, and the general public
4.
University of British Columbia
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The University of British Columbia, commonly referred to as UBC, is a public research university with campuses and facilities in British Columbia, Canada. Founded in 1908 as the McGill University College of British Columbia and it is British Columbias oldest institution of higher learning and has over 60,000 students at its Vancouver and Okanagan Valley campuses. Most students are enrolled in five faculties, Arts, Science, Applied Science, UBC Faculty of Medicine. UBCs 4.02 km2 Vancouver campus is within the University Endowment Lands, the 2.09 km2 Okanagan campus, acquired in 2005, is in Kelowna. UBCs admission standards is the 2nd most rigorous in Canada with the average of 89. 95% high school GPA for all incoming domestic students in 2015 for the Vancouver Campus. According to the annual rankings compiled by Macleans and U. S. News, in 2015 U. S. News and World Report and Times Higher Education ranked UBC among the 20 best public universities worldwide. With an annual research budget valued at $600 million, UBC funds 8,442 projects as of 2014, the university has also educated three Canadian prime ministers, most recently Justin Trudeau, the current prime minister. One of the largest research libraries in Canada, the UBC Library system has over 9.9 million volumes among its 21 branches, since 1968, UBC is home to TRIUMF, Canadas national laboratory for particle and nuclear physics which houses the worlds largest cyclotron. In 1877, only six years after British Columbia joined Canada, the provincial legislature passed An Act Respecting the University of British Columbia in 1890, but disagreements arose over whether to build the university on Vancouver Island or the mainland. The British Columbia University Act of 1908 formally called a university into being. The president, appointed by the board, was to provide a link between the two bodies and to perform institutional leadership, the Act constituted a twenty-one member senate with Francis Carter-Cotton of Vancouver as Chancellor. Before the University Act, there had been attempts at creating a degree-granting university with help from the Universities of Toronto. Building on an affiliation between Vancouver and Victoria high schools with McGill University, Henry Marshall Tory helped establish the McGill University College of British Columbia. From 1906 to 1915, McGill BC operated as an institution providing the first few years toward a degree at McGill University or elsewhere. The Henry Marshall Tory Medal was established in 1941 by Tory, founding President of the University of Alberta and of the National Research Council of Canada, and a co-founder of Carleton University. In the meantime, appeals were made to the government to revive the legislation for a provincial institution, leading to the University Endowment Act in 1907. In 1910 the Point Grey site was chosen, and the government appointed Dr. Frank Fairchild Wesbrook as President in 1913, on the first day of lectures was September 30,1915, the new independent university absorbed McGill University College. The University of British Columbia awarded its first degrees in 1916, World War I dominated campus life, and the student body was decimated by enlistments for active service, with three hundred UBC students in Company D alone
5.
University of British Columbia Library
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The University of British Columbia Library is the library system of the University of British Columbia. In 2014, UBC Library ranked 22nd among members of the Association of Research Libraries, UBC Library has the largest collection of Asian-language materials in North America and the largest biomedical collection in Western Canada. It is a library for publications of the governments of British Columbia, Canada, Japan. The Librarys collections of special and unique materials include the archives of Canadian author and artist Douglas Coupland, the collection includes documents, books, maps, posters, paintings, photographs, silver, glass, ceramic ware and other artifacts. In October 2015, UBC Library opened its newest facility, Library Preservation and Archives, the building is located at UBC Vancouver’s South Campus and provides 2,280 square metres of high-density collection storage. It can store about 1.6 million volumes and the facility houses a campus-wide records management service. The Asian Library, located in the Asian Centre, houses the largest research collection in Asian languages in North America and its holdings in Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Hindi, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Urdu and Indonesian exceed 580,000 volumes. Subject material about Asia in English and other European languages, as well as Asian materials in languages, are kept in Koerner Library. Asia-related law materials are located in the Law Library, monographs in Tamil, Malayalam, Bengali, Gujarati, Kannada, Marathi, Rajasthani, Assamese, Nepali and Tibetan are shelved in the Irving K. The Asian Librarys rare book collection, mainly from the Puban collection, the Chinese collection ranked third in North America in number of volumes at the time of publication of Endymion Wilkinsons Chinese History, A Manual in 2000. UBCs Main Library underwent major renovations beginning in 2002, in phase one, the north wing was demolished and rebuilt. It now houses the bookstacks of the facility, the South Wing was officially opened to the public on February 25,2008, with the heritage core opening in late March 2008. The building is now known as the Irving K, Barber Learning Centre, named in honour of donor Irving K. Barber. Notable features include the first Automated Storage and Retrieval System in Canada, the system increases the amount of storage space available, but has been criticized for preventing browsing. Barber Learning Centre houses the Rare Books and Special Collections and University Archives divisions, the Learning Centre is also home to the Chapman Learning Commons on level three, located in the restored historic core of the old Main Library. Artwork on display around the Learning Centre includes pieces from noted artists such as John Nutter, Kevin DuBois, the Institute for stained glass in Canada has documented the stained glass at the UBC Main Library. UBC Library also serves the Universitys Okanagan campus in Kelowna, British Columbia, in 2014/15, the Okanagan campus Library had 688,000 library visits. Answering more than 17,000 in-person inquiries at their Library Service Desk, the Okanagan Library assumed responsibility for campus writing services in 2014, and launched a new Writing & Research Services unit
6.
Green College, University of British Columbia
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Green College is a centre for interdisciplinary scholarship and a community of scholars at the University of British Columbia founded by Cecil Howard Green and Ida Green. Green College is one of three graduate residential colleges in Canada, the other two being St. Johns College, University of British Columbia and Massey College at the University of Toronto. Green College has formal ties with institutions as well as with Green Templeton College, Oxford, which similarly owes its inception to the generosity of Cecil H. Green. The College is located at the North end of the UBC campus, near the Faculty of Law, Museum of Anthropology, Chan Centre for the Performing Arts, Cecil Green Park House is an oceanfront mansion adjoining the College property. Dining together is an part of the Green College experience. The college is home to the Green College Dining Society which provides ten meals a week to residents and guests in Graham Houses Great Hall. Green College was established in 1993 thanks to a $7 million gift by Cecil H. Green and Ida Green and this gift provided a home to the Cecil and Ida Green Visiting Professorship program, launched by the Greens in 1972. The facilities of the college campus existed prior to the founding of the college, in 1935, the Grand Campus Washout eroded a deep ravine across the east end of the grounds. After several days of erosion, the Gardeners shed collapsed into the ravine, afterwards, the gully was filled with debris from a nearby landslide. The landslide area can be identified today by the trees on the fill area. The following year the campus system was constructed, terminating in a spiral drain at the southwest end of the Cecil Green Park Road parking lot associated with the college. Two more minor erosion occurred in the summer of 1995 and 1997 when the drainage system overloaded and flooded the parking lot. A berm was constructed to prevent a recurrence of these events, slope stability and controlling further erosion continues to be a significant issue for all of the north end of campus including the college grounds. In November,1997, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation meeting was held in Vancouver, Great controversy arose when politicians instructed RCMP officers to use force and pepper spray against non-violent protesters. Green College was located near the Museum of Anthropology, directly adjacent to the motorcade route to the APEC venue there. Green College resident and Law student Craig Jones was arrested and held for 14 hours when he displayed signs reading simply Free Speech, Democracy, Green College residents displayed protest banners from the windows and walls of the College. Green College residents were among those doused by pepper spray by the RCMP, also, starting six months before the APEC summit, Green College provided event space and logistical support for an APEC-University Forum, to discuss both sides of issues raised. On 28 July 2006, residents received a new contract terms that many residents found objectionable
7.
Royal Columbian Hospital
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The Royal Columbian Hospital is the oldest hospital in the Canadian province of British Columbia and one of the busiest in the Fraser Health Authority. RCH is located in the city of New Westminster overlooking the Fraser River and is the hospital in the Lower Mainland that is immediately adjacent to a Skytrain station. Royal Columbian Hospital is a tertiary care facility known for trauma care, neurosurgery and open-heart surgery. The hospital has the only capable of performing cardiac surgery for expectant women in the Province of British Columbia. Royal Columbian Hospital was again ranked one of the top hospitals in the country in caring for infants in its NICU in the latest Canadian Neonatal Network report. The hospital’s NICU, which cared for 528 of B. C. ’s premature and vulnerable infants during the study period, was rated one of the best in the country at saving these high-risk babies. It achieved a 98.6 percent survival rate overall for its infant patients, the hospital has consistently been in the top rankings over the roughly 18 years the Network has been producing the study. The hospital has 402 acute care beds and has a staff of approximately 385 physicians. Many of the physicians also practice at Eagle Ridge Hospital in nearby Port Moody, RCH has a helipad that receives air ambulances operated by the BC Ambulance Service. RCH offers free Wi-Fi through a FatPort hotspot near the main entrance, the need for a hospital to care for the sick and injured became a public concern during the population growth caused by the gold rushes of the 1850s and 1860s. The first Royal Columbian Hospital, designed for thirty patients and located on the corner of Clement, women, children, and the incurable and the insane were excluded from care. The Royal Engineers planned and helped build the hospital, the first in the colony, a chain gang from the penitentiary helped clear the site. RCH moved to its current location in the Sapperton area of New Westminster in 1889, an early physician and surgeon connected with the hospital at this location was Richard Irvine Bentley. In 1978, Prince Phillip and Health Minister Bob McClelland opened the addition of the Health Care Centre portion of the hospital, RCH housed a nursing school between 1901 and 1978 in the Sherbrooke building. It now accommodates administration and mental health clinical services, RCH is a Clinical Academic Campus affiliated with the Faculty of Medicine of the University of British Columbia, the first in the Fraser Health region. Fraser Health, the authority that operates RCH, is working on plans to redevelop and expand the hospital to address aging infrastructure. In June 2012, the government committed to the expansion and renovation of the hospital
8.
Vancouver General Hospital
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Vancouver General Hospital is a medical facility located in Vancouver, British Columbia. It is the largest facility in the Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre group of medical facilities, VGH is Canadas second largest hospital, after The Ottawa Hospital. Vancouver Coastal Health is responsible for all operations at Vancouver General Hospital, the Canadian Pacific Railway first opened in 1886 as a nine-bed tent, its primary use to treat railway workers. On June 13,1886, a fire destroyed the tent hospital and by July, in September, the City of Vancouver took over the facility, which became the City Hospital. In 1888, located at the edge of the original Gastown settlement. The upstairs ward was for patients, the downstairs ward for males. In 1899, the Vancouver City Hospital Training School for Nurses was opened, in 1902, British Columbia provincial legislature transferred control from the citys board of health to a board of 15 directors. Vancouver City Hospital was renamed to Vancouver General Hospital, in 1906, in Fairview Ridge, overlooking False Creek, a new building, the Heather Pavilion, began housing staff and patients. The University of British Columbia Medical School opened clinical facilities at VGH in 1950, in 1959, VGH opened the Centennial Pavilion, which at the time was the largest part of the VGH facilities. In the 1960s, VGH build Canadas first intensive care nursery, in 1996, VGH opened the first three floors of its newly constructed Laurel Pavilion. In 2000, the Laurel Pavilion was renamed to the Jim Pattison Pavilion and construction of the final 12 floors began in 2001, the Jim Pattison Pavilion opened in 2003. In 2004, the ground-breaking for new Gordon and Leslie Diamond Health Care Centre began and this new building, adjacent to the Jim Pattison Pavilion, opened in August 2006 to provide acute day care services in a variety of areas. The Blusson Spinal Cord Centre, the world’s largest, most advanced and most comprehensive facility devoted to spinal injury research. The Robert H. N. VGH is the largest hospital in British Columbia, offering specialized, the hospital accepts patients referred from other parts of the province requiring highly specialized services. Approximately 40% of the hospitals cases come from outside the Vancouver region, unique in Canada is the Gordon and Leslie Diamond Health Care Centre at VGH which includes the UBC Faculty of Medicine facilities. VGHs main cafeteria, Sassafras Cafeteria, is located on the floor of the Jim Pattison Pavilion. The Jim Pattison Pavilion also has a café at its main entrance called Café Ami, the series won twice at the 2014 Leo Awards, taking home Best Documentary Series and the Peoples Choice Award for Favourite TV Series. The second season of Emergency Room, Life + Death at VGH starts April 12,2016, Vancouver Coastal Health Vancouver General Hospital Research Pavilion VGH & UBC Hospital Foundation GF Strong Rehabilitation Centre Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute
9.
Museum of Anthropology at UBC
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As well as being a major tourist destination, MOA is a research and teaching museum, where UBC courses in art, anthropology, archaeology, conservation, and museum studies are given. MOA houses 38,000 ethnographic objects, as well as 535,000 archaeological objects in its building alone, the museum is at 6393 NW Marine Dr, on the campus of the University of British Columbia. MOA and UBC lie on the University Endowment Lands, which are not officially part of the City of Vancouver, the museum was founded in 1947 when the items in UBCs ethnographic collection were put on display in the basement of the Main Library. Dr. Harry Hawthorn served as the first director of the new museum, with his wife, Dr. Audrey Hawthorn, in 1971, the museum received funds from the Government of Canada and UBC to begin construction of a building. In 1976, the new building, designed by renowned Canadian architect Arthur Erickson, opened under new director Michael M. Ames, Walter and Marianne Koerners 1975 donation of their extensive collection of Northwest Coast First Nations art to the museum formed a large part of the buildings contents. In 1997, Dr. Ruth Phillips became Museum director, in 2002, Ames returned as acting director. Dr. Anthony Shelton became director in 2004, on January 23,2010, MOA celebrated the completion of its multi-year, multimillion-dollar renovation and expansion project, A Partnership of Peoples. The new facilities were developed with MOA by UBC Properties Trust and designed by Arthur Erickson, the Museum is affiliated with CHIN, CMA, and Virtual Museum of Canada. The 46¢ stamps are perforated 13.5 and were printed by the Canadian Bank Note Company, Arthur Ericksons building, designed in 1976, was inspired by the post-and-beam architecture of northern Northwest Coast First Nations people. Like much of Ericksons work, the building is made out of concrete. The building takes advantage of second world war gun emplacements, with the famous Bill Reid Raven sculpture located on a gun battery. In September 2010, a pool was added to the front, funded by Yosef Wosk. Pools had been installed temporarily three times in MOA’s history, for a shoot in 1993, for the APEC leaders’ summit in 1997. The most iconic object in the museum is probably the yellow cedar sculpture The Raven and the First Men by Bill Reid, which was depicted on the Canadian twenty-dollar bill from 2004 to 2012. Other notable Bill Reid works include his Bear and Wasco sculptures, some of his gold jewellery, the museums Great Hall contains many fragments of totem poles from Haida and other First Nations villages along British Columbias coast. The MOA has a collection from the South Pacific. There are about 6000 textiles in the collection, about half of these come from Asia, of particular note are the Cantonese opera costumes that are considered some of the worlds finest. There are excellent holdings from the Northwest Coast, Oceania, Africa, the Audrey & Harry Hawthorn Library and Archives is open to the public
10.
Chan Centre for the Performing Arts
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The Chan Centre for the Performing Arts is located on the campus of the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It is situated within the landscape of the campus and is surrounded by evergreens and rhododendrons. The creation of the Chan Centre was made possible by a donation from two brothers and businessmen, Tom and Caleb Chan. This was the largest private donation to an institution in Canadian history at the time. The Chan brothers are philanthropists, businessmen and Christians and their father, Chan Shun, worked his way up in the business world, from sewing in a shirt factory to eventually becoming the head of the Crocodile shirt company. They approached president David Strangway and made the proposal, and soon, the construction of the Chan Centre took 2 years to complete and the official opening occurred on May 11,1997. The cost came to approximately $25 million with donations from the Chan Foundation of Canada, BC Tel, the Royal Bank of Canada, heading the team of architects was Vancouvers own Bing Thom. ARTEC’s team was led by world-renowned acoustician, Russell Johnson, together Johnson and Thom worked to design the Chan Centre from the inside out in order to create optimum acoustics for the concert hall. The highlight of the Chan Centre is the Chan Shun Concert Hall and it was named after Tom and Calebs father, Chan Shun, to honour his lifelong generosity. The concert hall has a capacity of 1,185 plus 180 choral loft seats which can be used if necessary. Hanging like a chandelier over the stage of the hall is the 37-tonne acoustic canopy. The hall also features motorized sound-absorbent fabric banners to acoustically mask walls, flexibility and adaptability are key features in the design of the concert hall. The cello-like shape of the hall comes from the acoustically successful shoe box shape which allows for a distribution of sound throughout the performance space. This shape also allows for a consistent sound experience for audience members. The Chan Centre was constructed with over 6,500 cubic metres of concrete which can be throughout the building. All of the wood seen in the hall has been sealed to the concrete in order to prevent any sympathetic vibrations. Modeled after the Globe Theatre in London, this intimate and flexible studio theatre seats between 160-275 people depending on the seating configuration. The theatre holds 12 –3 level seating towers which can be moved using an air castor system, compressed air is blown through tubes and the towers then hover approximately 1/2 inch above the ground and are moved into configuration by 4-6 people
11.
University of British Columbia Okanagan
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The University of British Columbias Okanagan Campus is a campus of the University of British Columbia, located in Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada. Home to approximately 8,410 undergraduate and graduate students, the 209 hectares Kelowna campus is located in the interior of the province, originally degrees were awarded in partnership with other universities, but by 1995, the university college began granting degrees in its own name. In the late 1990s, Okanagan University College began lobbying efforts to gain university status. In December 2002 the British Columbia Progress Board submitted a report to the provincial government, the board, chaired by then University of British Columbia president Martha Piper, recommended that the province extend “the mandate of an existing provincial University to Kelowna…”. In March 2004, BC Premier Gordon Campbell and the UBC President Martha Piper held a press conference, Okanagan University College’s university operations would be consolidated at its North Kelowna Campus and would come under the control of the University of British Columbia. The other programs and campuses of Okanagan University College would form a new community college, which would later take on the name Okanagan College. At the same time, they share a common board of governors, with strong representation from each region. ”As of December 2014, UBCs Okanagan campus is represented on the UBC Board of Governors by Jeffrey Krupa, Dr. Michael Treschow. UBC’s Okanagan campus offers a range of undergraduate and graduate programs. There are more than 63 undergraduate programs in Arts, Education, Engineering, Fine Arts, Human Kinetics, Management, Media, Medicine, Nursing, the smaller size of the university offers a unique learning and research environment. As of 2011 UBCs Okanagan campus underwent a rapid CA$450 million expansion, the University Centre, was completed in 2009. The $31.5 million Charles E. Fipke Centre for Innovative Research is a multi-purpose academic and research facility. It provided 70,000 square feet of space for teaching and research, including research labs, classrooms and teaching labs, offices, student commons, lecture theatre, the building also achieved Five Green Globes and LEED Platinum standards for sustainability using geo-exchange technology. Arts and Sciences building and Engineering and management building were completed in 2011 as well, the most recently completed building is the medical school building which was completed by end of the year 2011. The second Arts and Science building includes a new animal testing facility. In addition, there are various student residences in various stages of construction, all construction was originally set to be complete by September 2010, later projected to be completed about a year and a half past that date. The expansion of UBC Faculty of Medicine created a new distributed medical site, the program is located in the Kelowna General Hospital. The Southern Medical Program opened 32 seats for its first cohort of students at UBC Okanagan on August 29,2011. Along with the expansion of the campus, the campus Collegia program has gained national attention as a home-away-from-home for its large commuter population
12.
The Ubyssey
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The Ubyssey is the University of British Columbias official, independent student-run paper and is published every Tuesday. Founded in 1918, The Ubyssey is the most-read student-run paper in Canada, other notable alumni include cartoonist Arn Saba, journalist and author Katherine Monk, and photographers Jeff Wall and Richard Lam. The Ubyssey is an independent publication funded by a $6.41 annual fee, the staff functions as a collective, current UBC students who have contributed to the paper and attend staff meetings are eligible to become staff members. The staff elects the full-time editors on an annual basis, the Ubysseys headquarters are located on the second floor of the AMS Student Nest, the student union building at UBC, in room 2208. Their offices are open to UBC students from 11 a. m. to 5 p. m. Monday to Friday during the school year, the Ubyssey is primarily web-based, but regular issues of the print edition appear once a week from September to April. Publishing during the term varies. In 2016 one print issue was produced per month, as well as two in August, but summer editions were not published in some years, the Ubyssey also maintains a strong online presence with web-only news and video content published through its website. The paper runs several recurring special issues, the Ubyssey produces a magazine in early September, called the Guide to UBC, to introduce incoming students to on-campus life and culture. The frequency of publication has varied historically, the paper was published four times a week in 1947, but this only lasted one year. The first issue of The Ubyssey was printed on October 17,1918 and it also spoke out against fraternity hazing, which was banned on campus in 1924, and racist policies at some fraternities were exposed in the paper by Allan Fotheringham in the 1950s. In 1955 The Ubyssey was ranked the student publication with the most freedom, pappert was then the faculty advisor with direct editorial control over the student newspaper at Assumption College in Windsor, which had been ranked bottom in that survey. Papperts response was that “The Ubyssey is the vilest rag you can imagine and is the best argument for censorship that could be produced. ”The Ubyssey embraced Papperts remarks, irreverence and controversy have indeed been part of The Ubysseys history. In 1959 the entire staff was fired by the Alma Mater Society when a photo was published during the Easter period showing a UBC student crucified on a totem pole, the last issue of the fall term satirizes campus issues and news stories. The spoof issue, published closest to April 1 spoofs another publication, recent examples included The Grope and Flail, The Georgian Taint, Sports Inundated, and a nude calendar spoofing a fundraising effort by the UBC mens rugby team. Although The Ubyssey was at length from the Alma Mater Society, it was still part of. At the same time, the AMS was forced to spend money to fight lawsuits on behalf of an outlet from which it was continually fending off criticism. The controversies came to a head when the annual issue was published on March 30,1994. ”The Ufeces” was a self-parody pushing the newspaper staffs own positions to extremes and this proved the final straw, and the AMS council passed a motion to give itself the sole power to choose the papers editor-in-chief, who would then select all other editors
