The army of the Kingdom of Macedon was among the greatest military forces of the ancient world. It was created and made formidable by King Philip II of Macedon; previously the army of Macedon had been of little account in the politics of the Greek world, and Macedonia had been regarded as a second-rate power.
Hypaspist in light equipment (modern reconstruction by J. Shumate)
Philip II of Macedon - Roman medallion depicting the Macedonian king.
The Alexander Mosaic showing the Battle of Issus; a Roman copy of a Hellenistic painting, c. 100 BC
Coin of Perdikkas II showing a Macedonian cavalryman armed with two long javelins
Macedonia (ancient kingdom)
Macedonia, also called Macedon, was an ancient kingdom on the periphery of Archaic and Classical Greece, which later became the dominant state of Hellenistic Greece. The kingdom was founded and initially ruled by the royal Argead dynasty, which was followed by the Antipatrid and Antigonid dynasties. Home to the ancient Macedonians, the earliest kingdom was centered on the northeastern part of the Greek peninsula, and bordered by Epirus to the southwest, Illyria to the northwest, Paeonia to the north, Thrace to the east and Thessaly to the south.
The entrance to one of the royal tombs at Vergina, a UNESCO World Heritage Site
A silver octadrachm of Alexander I of Macedon (r. 498–454 BC), minted c. 465–460 BC, showing an equestrian figure wearing a chlamys (short cloak) and petasos (head cap) while holding two spears and leading a horse
A Macedonian didrachm minted during the reign of Archelaus I of Macedon (r. 413–399 BC)
A silver stater of Amyntas III of Macedon (r. 393–370 BC)