1.
Reston, Virginia
–
Reston is a census-designated place in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States, within the Washington, D. C. metropolitan area. The population was 58,404 at the 2010 census, the Reston Town Center is home to many businesses, with high-rise and low-rise commercial buildings that are home to shops, restaurants, offices, a cinema, and a hotel. It comprises over 1,000,000 square feet of office space, municipal, government-like services are provided by the nonprofit Reston Association, which is supported by a per-household fee for all residential properties in Reston. In 2012, Reston was ranked 7th in the Best Place to Live in America by CNNMoney Magazine, Reston was conceived as a planned community by Robert E. Simon. Founded on April 10,1964 and named for his initials, it was one of the first modern, post-war planned communities in America, simons family had recently sold Carnegie Hall, and Simon used the funds to create Reston. The first section of the community to be built, Lake Anne Plaza, was designed by James Rossant to emulate the Italian coastal town of Portofino. Lake Anne village was designed with modern architectural themes that extend to an elementary school, a gasoline station. Lake Anne also has an art gallery, several restaurants, the Reston Historic Trust Museum, shops, all are local businesses, as there are no chain stores or chain restaurants allowed in Lake Anne. Close by are the cubist townhouses at Hickory Cluster that were designed by the noted modernist architect, Charles M. Goodman, in the International Style. Other sections of the town, such as Hunters Woods, South Lakes, the land on which Reston sits was initially owned by Lord Fairfax during the 18th century. Wiehle bought the later in the 1880s. He died after construction of several buildings and his sons did not share his vision, and sold the land to A. Smith Bowman, who built a bourbon distillery on the site while maintaining a farm on most of the area, a 7, 300-acre tract. An office retail development and a road are named for him, in 1961, Robert E. Simon bought most of the land, except for 60 acres on which the Bowman distillery continued to operate until 1987. The growth and development of Reston has been monitored by newspaper articles, national magazines, in 1967 the First Lady of the United States, Mrs. Lyndon Johnson, visited Reston to take a walking tour along its pathways as part of her interest in beautification projects. Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin visited Reston elementary schools named for them, the Washington Post featured a road trip to Reston in January 2006, and a relatively new website Beyond DC has a page devoted to Reston with almost 150 photos. Reston experienced increasing traffic congestion as it grew in the late 1970s and this was a time when Restons population was growing but the Dulles Toll Road had not been built. Commuter traffic between Reston and Washington created serious congestion on the roads that connected Reston to Washington DC. In 1984 the toll road opened, and in 1986 the West Falls Church Washington Metro station opened, most recently the Fairfax County Parkway, a major north-south artery, was opened
Reston, Virginia
–
Reston Town Center
Reston, Virginia
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A now abandoned
whiskey distillery, long operated by the Bowman family.
Reston, Virginia
–
The Midtown Reston Condominiums, a residential building at the Reston Town Center.
Reston, Virginia
–
Lake Anne Plaza in Reston
2.
Pop music
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Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form in the United States and United Kingdom during the mid 1950s. The terms popular music and pop music are used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popular. Pop and rock were synonymous terms until the late 1960s, when they were used in opposition from each other. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music. Pop music is eclectic, and often borrows elements from other such as urban, dance, rock, Latin. Identifying factors include generally short to medium-length songs written in a format, as well as the common use of repeated choruses, melodic tunes. David Hatch and Stephen Millward define pop music as a body of music which is distinguishable from popular, jazz, according to Pete Seeger, pop music is professional music which draws upon both folk music and fine arts music. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music, the music charts contain songs from a variety of sources, including classical, jazz, rock, and novelty songs. Pop music, as a genre, is seen as existing and developing separately, pop music continuously evolves along with the terms definition. The term pop song was first recorded as being used in 1926, Hatch and Millward indicate that many events in the history of recording in the 1920s can be seen as the birth of the modern pop music industry, including in country, blues and hillbilly music. The Oxford Dictionary of Music states that while pops earlier meaning meant concerts appealing to a wide audience. Since the late 1950s, however, pop has had the meaning of non-classical mus, usually in the form of songs, performed by such artists as the Beatles. Grove Music Online also states that, in the early 1960s pop music competed terminologically with beat music, while in the USA its coverage overlapped with that of rock and roll. From about 1967, the term was used in opposition to the term rock music. Whereas rock aspired to authenticity and an expansion of the possibilities of music, pop was more commercial, ephemeral. It is not driven by any significant ambition except profit and commercial reward, and, in musical terms, it is essentially conservative. It is, provided from on high rather than being made from below, pop is not a do-it-yourself music but is professionally produced and packaged. The beat and the melodies tend to be simple, with limited harmonic accompaniment, the lyrics of modern pop songs typically focus on simple themes – often love and romantic relationships – although there are notable exceptions
Pop music
–
The Oxford Dictionary of Music states that the term "pop" refers to music performed by such artists as
the Rolling Stones (pictured here in a 2006 performance)
Pop music
–
According to several sources,
MTV helped give rise to
pop stars such as
Michael Jackson and
Madonna; and Jackson and Madonna helped make MTV.
Pop music
3.
Hip hop music
–
It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements, MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing. Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records, while often used to refer solely to rapping, hip hop more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture. Hip hops early evolution occurred as sampling technology and drum machines became available and affordable. Turntablist techniques such as scratching and beatmatching developed along with the breaks and Jamaican toasting, rapping developed as a vocal style in which the artist speaks or chants along rhythmically with an instrumental or synthesized beat. The Sugarhill Gangs 1979 song Rappers Delight is widely regarded to be the first hip hop record to gain popularity in the mainstream. The 1980s marked the diversification of hip hop as the genre developed more complex styles, prior to the 1980s, hip hop music was largely confined within the United States. However, during the 1980s, it began to spread to scenes in dozens of countries. New school hip hop was the wave of hip hop music, originating in 1983–84 with the early records of Run-D. M. C. The Golden age hip hop period was a period between the mid-1980s and the early 1990s. Notable artists from this era include the Juice Crew, Public Enemy, & Rakim, Boogie Down Productions and KRS-One, EPMD, Slick Rick, Beastie Boys, Kool G Rap, Big Daddy Kane, Ultramagnetic MCs, De La Soul, and A Tribe Called Quest. Gangsta rap is a subgenre of hip hop that often focuses on the violent lifestyles, in the West Coast hip hop style, G-funk dominated mainstream hip hop for several years during the 1990s. I. G. In the 1990s, hip hop began to diversify with other regional styles emerging, such as Southern rap, at the same time, hip hop continued to be assimilated into other genres of popular music, examples being Neo soul and nu metal. Hip hop became a pop music genre in the mid-1990s. The popularity of hip hop music continued through the 2000s, with hip hop influences also increasingly finding their way into mainstream pop, the United States also saw the success of regional styles such as crunk, a Southern genre that emphasized the beats and music more than the lyrics. Starting in 2005, sales of hip hop music in the United States began to severely wane, during the mid-2000s, alternative hip hop secured a place in the mainstream, due in part to the crossover success of artists such as OutKast and Kanye West. Creation of the hip hop is often credited to Keith Cowboy, rapper with Grandmaster Flash. However, Lovebug Starski, Keith Cowboy, and DJ Hollywood used the term when the music was known as disco rap. Cowboy later worked the hip hop cadence into a part of his stage performance, the first use of the term in print was in The Village Voice, by Steven Hager, later author of a 1984 history of hip hop
Hip hop music
–
1520 Sedgwick Avenue, the Bronx, a venue used by Kool Herc that is often considered the birthplace of hip hop in 1973
Hip hop music
–
DJ Kool Herc, recognized as one of the earliest hip hop artists
Hip hop music
–
Grandmaster Flash
Hip hop music
–
Afrika Bambaataa (left)
4.
Dance-pop
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Dance-pop is a pop and dance subgenre that originated in the early 1980s. It is generally up-tempo music intended for nightclubs with the intention of being danceable, the genre, on the whole, tends to be producer-driven, despite some notable exceptions. Dance-pop borrowed influences from other genres, which varied by producer, artist, such include contemporary R&B, house, trance, techno, new jack swing, funk, synthpop, electropop and some forms of europop. Dance-pop is a mainstream style of music and there have been numerous pop artists. As the term started to go out of fashion by the late 1970s to early 1980s, other terms were commonly used to describe disco-based music, such as post-disco, club. Dance-pop music emerged in the 1980s as a combination of dance and pop, or post-disco, Dance-pop music was usually created, composed and produced by record producers who would then hire singers to perform the songs. In the beginning of the 80s disco was an anathema to the mainstream pop, according to prominent Allmusic critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine, Madonna had a huge role in popularizing dance music as mainstream music, utilizing her charisma, chutzpah and sex appeal. Erlewine claimed that Madonna launched dance-pop and set the standard for the genre for the two decades. The staff of Vice magazine stated that her debut album drew the blueprint for future dance-pop, in the 1980s dance-pop was closely aligned to other up-tempo electronic genres, such as Hi-NRG. Prominent producers in the 1980s included Stock, Aitken and Waterman, during the decade, dance-pop borrowed influences from funk, new jack swing, and contemporary R&B. Other prominent dance-pop artists and groups of the 1980s included the Pet Shop Boys, Mel and Kim, Samantha Fox, Debbie Gibson, by the 1990s, dance-pop had become a major genre in popular music. Several dance-pop groups and artists emerged during the 1990s, such as the Spice Girls, Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera, Jessica Simpson, Backstreet Boys, during the early 1990s, dance-pop borrowed influences from house music, as well as contemporary R&B and new jack swing. Additionally, also in 1998, Cher released a song called Believe which made usage of a technological innovation of the time. An audio processor and a form of pitch modification software, Auto-Tune is commonly used as a way to correct pitch, since the late 1990s, the use of Auto-Tune processing has become a common feature of dance-pop music. Celine Dion also released a dance-pop song Thats the Way It Is by the end of 1999 and it has a moderately slow tempo but an up-beat song. At the beginning of the 2000s, dance-pop music was still prominent, nonetheless, as R&B and hip hop became extremely popular from the early part of the decade onwards, dance-pop often borrowed a lot of its influences from urban music. Dance-pop stars from the 1980s and 1990s such as Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera, Madonna, Janet Jackson, in Madonnas case, her album Music contained elements of Euro disco, especially the successful eponymous lead single. Britney Spears album Blackout contained influences of Euro disco, the mid-to-late 2000s saw the arrival of several new dance-pop artists, including Rihanna, Kesha, Lady Gaga and Katy Perry
Dance-pop
–
Kylie Minogue, a popular and successful dance-pop artist of the late-1980s, 1990s, 2000s and early-2010s.
Dance-pop
–
In Japan,
Momoiro Clover Z is famous for innovative dance performances.
5.
Synth-pop
–
Synth-pop is a subgenre of new wave music that first became prominent in the late 1970s and features the synthesizer as the dominant musical instrument. It was prefigured in the 1960s and early 1970s by the use of synthesizers in progressive rock, electronic, art rock, disco, and particularly the Krautrock of bands like Kraftwerk. It arose as a genre in Japan and the United Kingdom in the post-punk era as part of the new wave movement of the late-1970s to the mid-1980s. In Japan, Yellow Magic Orchestras success opened the way for bands such as P-Model, Plastics. The development of polyphonic synthesizers, the definition of MIDI. This, its adoption by the acts from the New Romantic movement, together with the rise of MTV. Synth-pop is sometimes deployed interchangeably with electropop, but electropop may also denote a variant of synth-pop that places emphasis on a harder. In the late 1980s duos such as Erasure and Pet Shop Boys adopted a style that was successful on the US dance-charts. Some artists and bands were criticised for gender bending, Synth-pop was defined by its primary use of synthesizers, drum machines and sequencers, sometimes using them to replace all other instruments. Borthwick and Moy have described the genre as diverse but, many synth-pop musicians had limited musical skills, relying on the technology to produce or reproduce the music. The result was often minimalist, with grooves that were woven together from simple repeated riffs often with no harmonic progression to speak of. Early synth-pop has been described as eerie, sterile, and vaguely menacing, using droning electronics with little change in inflection, common lyrical themes of synth-pop songs were isolation, urban anomie, and feelings of being emotionally cold and hollow. Synthesizers were increasingly used to imitate the conventional and clichéd sound of orchestras, thin, treble-dominant, synthesized melodies and simple drum programmes gave way to thick, and compressed production, and a more conventional drum sound. Lyrics were generally optimistic, dealing with more traditional subject matter for pop music such as romance, escapism. According to music writer Simon Reynolds, the hallmark of 1980s synth-pop was its emotional, at times operatic singers such as Marc Almond, Alison Moyet and Annie Lennox. Because synthesizers removed the need for groups of musicians, these singers were often part of a duo where their partner played all the instrumentation. Later synth-pop saw a shift to a style influenced by other genres. Electronic musical synthesizers that could be used practically in a recording studio became available in the mid-1960s, the portable Minimoog, which allowed much easier use, particularly in live performance was widely adopted by progressive rock musicians such as Richard Wright of Pink Floyd and Rick Wakeman of Yes
Synth-pop
–
The
Prophet-5, one of the first
polyphonic synthesizers. It was widely used in 1980s synthpop, along with the
Roland Jupiter and
Yamaha DX7.
Synth-pop
–
Kraftwerk, one of the major influences on synthpop, in 1976.
Synth-pop
–
Yellow Magic Orchestra in 2008.
Synth-pop
–
Gary Numan performing in 1980
6.
Songwriter
–
A songwriter is an individual who writes the lyrics, melodies and chord progressions for songs, typically for a popular music genre such as rock or country music. A songwriter can also be called a composer, although the term tends to be used mainly for individuals from the classical music genre. The pressure from the industry to produce popular hits means that songwriting is often an activity for which the tasks are distributed between a number of people. For example, a songwriter who excels at writing lyrics might be paired with a songwriter with a gift for creating original melodies, pop songs may be written by group members from the band or by staff writers – songwriters directly employed by music publishers. Some songwriters serve as their own publishers, while others have outside publishers. The old-style apprenticeship approach to learning how to write songs is being supplemented by university degrees and college diplomas, a knowledge of modern music technology, songwriting elements and business skills are necessary requirements to make a songwriting career in the 2010s. Several music colleges offer songwriting diplomas and degrees with music business modules, the legal power to grant these permissions may be bought, sold or transferred. This is governed by international copyright law, song pitching can be done on a songwriters behalf by their publisher or independently using tip sheets like RowFax, the MusicRow publication and SongQuarters. Skills associated with song-writing include entrepreneurism and creativity, songwriters who sign an exclusive songwriting agreement with a publisher are called staff writers. In the Nashville country music scene, there is a staff writer culture where contracted writers work normal 9-to-5 hours at the publishing office and are paid a regular salary. This salary is in effect the writers draw, an advance on future earnings, the publisher owns the copyright of songs written during the term of the agreement for a designated period, after which the songwriter can reclaim the copyright. In an interview with HitQuarters, songwriter Dave Berg extolled the benefits of the set-up, unlike contracted writers, some staff writers operate as employees for their respective publishers. Under the terms of work for hire agreements, the compositions created are fully owned by the publisher. In Nashville, young writers are often encouraged to avoid these types of contracts. Staff writers are common across the industry, but without the more office-like working arrangements favored in Nashville. All the major publishers employ writers under contract, songwriter Allan Eshuijs described his staff writer contract at Universal Music Publishing as a starter deal. His success under the arrangement eventually allowed him to found his own publishing company, so that he could. keep as much as possible, songwriters are also often skilled musicians. In addition to selling their songs and musical concepts for other artists to sing, songwriters need to create a number of elements for a song
Songwriter
–
Songwriter and singer
Chris de Burgh.
7.
Record producer
–
A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performers music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process, the roles of a producer vary. The producer may perform these roles himself, or help select the engineer, the producer may also pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record companies budget. A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording. Producers also often take on an entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules, contracts. In the 2010s, the industry has two kinds of producers with different roles, executive producer and music producer. Executive producers oversee project finances while music producers oversee the process of recording songs or albums. In most cases the producer is also a competent arranger, composer. The producer will also liaise with the engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record, indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation actually is music director. The music producers job is to create, shape, and mold a piece of music, at the beginning of record industry, producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1950s and 1960s due to technological developments, the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously, all of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio and the performance had to be recorded. As well, for a song that used 20 instruments, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. Examples include the rock sound effects of the 1960s, e. g. playing back the sound of recorded instruments backwards or clanging the tape to produce unique sound effects. These new instruments were electric or electronic, and thus they used instrument amplifiers, new technologies like multitracking changed the goal of recording, A producer could blend together multiple takes and edit together different sections to create the desired sound. For example, in jazz fusion Bandleader-composer Miles Davis album Bitches Brew, producers like Phil Spector and George Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance. Producers became creative figures in the studio, other examples of such engineers includes Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Brian Wilson, and Biddu
Record producer
–
Alan Parsons in an
ESO 50th anniversary video.
Record producer
–
A
Danish recording session
Record producer
–
Mixing Console
8.
Musician
–
A musician is a person who plays a musical instrument or is musically talented. Anyone who composes, conducts, or performs music may also be referred to as a musician, Musicians can specialize in any musical style, and some musicians play in a variety of different styles. Examples of a musicians possible skills include performing, conducting, singing, composing, arranging, in the Middle Ages, instrumental musicians performed with soft ensembles inside and loud instruments outdoors. Many European musicians of this time catered to the Roman Catholic Church, providing arrangements structured around Gregorian chant structure, vocal pieces were in Latin—the language of church texts of the time—and typically were Church-polyphonic or made up of several simultaneous melodies. Giovanni Palestrina Giovanni Gabrieli Thomas Tallis Claudio Monteverdi Leonardo da Vinci The Baroque period introduced heavy use of counterpoint, vocal and instrumental “color” became more important compared to the Renaissance style of music, and emphasized much of the volume, texture and pace of each piece. George Frideric Handel Johann Sebastian Bach Antonio Vivaldi Classical music was created by musicians who lived during a time of a middle class. Many middle-class inhabitants of France at the time lived under long-time absolute monarchies, because of this, much of the music was performed in environments that were more constrained compared to the flourishing times of the Renaissance and Baroque eras. This age included the initial transformations of the Industrial Revolution, a revolutionary energy was also at the core of Romanticism, which quite consciously set out to transform not only the theory and practice of poetry and art, but the common perception of the world. Some major Romantic Period precepts survive, and still affect modern culture, in 20th-century music, composers and musicians rejected the emotion-dominated Romantic period, and strove to represent the world the way they perceived it. Musicians wrote to be. objective, while objects existed on their own terms, while past eras concentrated on spirituality, this new period placed emphasis on physicality and things that were concrete. The advent of recording and mass media in the 20th century caused a boom of all kinds of music—popular music, rock music, electronic music, folk music. Singer Composer Music artist Tour Manager Media related to Musicians at Wikimedia Commons
Musician
–
Guy Pratt, a professional
session musician, playing bass guitar.
9.
Keyboardist
–
A keyboardist is a musician who plays keyboard instruments. Until the early 1960s musicians who played keyboards were generally classified as either pianists or organists, since the mid-1960s, a plethora of new musical instruments with keyboards have come into common usage, requiring a more general term for a person who plays them. A complete list can be found at List of keyboardists, the use of electronic keyboards grew in popularity throughout the 1960s, with many bands using the Hammond organ, Mellotron, and electric pianos such as the Fender Rhodes. The Doors became the first group to use the Moog synthesizer on a pop record on 1967s Strange Days. Other bands, including The Moody Blues, The Rolling Stones, in 1966, Billy Ritchie became the first keyboard player to take a lead role in a rock band, replacing guitar, and thereby preparing the ground for others such as Keith Emerson and Rick Wakeman. In the late 1960s, a pioneer of electronic music Jean Michel Jarre started to experiment with synthesizers. Some of the first bands that used this set up were Kraftwerk, Suicide, the pop-blues-rock band Fleetwood Mac was also known for synthesizer-infused hits during this period. Pianist Organist List of Hammond organ players List of harpsichordists Classical pianists Young, concerns celebrated keyboard players and the various such instruments used over the centuries. SBN 200-71497-X Keyboard magazine Keyboard Player magazine Harmony Central resource for keyboard/synth players Vintage Synth Explorer
Keyboardist
–
Access Virus TI Polar Keyboard
10.
United States
–
Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
United States
–
Native Americans meeting with Europeans, 1764
United States
–
Flag
United States
–
The signing of the
Mayflower Compact, 1620.
United States
–
The
Declaration of Independence: the
Committee of Five presenting their draft to the
Second Continental Congress in 1776
11.
Songwriters Hall of Fame
–
It not only celebrates these established songwriters, but is also involved on the development of new songwriting talent through workshops, showcases and scholarships. There are many programs designed to teach and discover new songwriters, the Hall of Fame only existed as an online virtual collection until 2010, when it was first put on display as a physical gallery inside The Grammy Museum in Los Angeles. With an under-construction basement installation at the Brill Building in New York, the Hall doesnt have a permanent place, through 2010,383 individuals had been inducted into the SHOF. The British rock band Queen was the first band to be inducted in 2003, the American singer Lady Gaga was the first artist ever to win the award. 2015 – Lady Gaga The Hal David Starlight Award honors young artists who have made an impression on the music industry. It goes to writers already inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame for having established a history of outstanding creative works and he was later director of ASCAP, and a founder of the Songwriters Hall of Fame which, in 1983, named the Abe Olman Publisher Award. In his honor, the Abe Olman Scholarship is given out each year by his family in the interest of encouraging and supporting the careers of young songwriters, the Holly Prize is administered and juried by the SongHall
Songwriters Hall of Fame
–
Hal David at the
ASCAP Awards in 2011
Songwriters Hall of Fame
–
Johnny Mercer between 1946 and 1948
Songwriters Hall of Fame
–
Sammy Cahn in 1950s
Songwriters Hall of Fame
–
John Legend was honored in 2002 with the Abe Olman Scholarship
12.
IHeartRadio Music Awards
–
IHeartRadio Music Awards is a music awards show founded by iHeartRadio in 2014 to recognize the most popular artists and music over the past year as determined by the networks listeners. It rewards the music that was heard throughout the year across iHeartMedia radio stations nationwide, the inaugural edition was held on May 1,2014 at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles, and was broadcast live on NBC. The fourth edition was held on March 5,2017 and aired on TBS, TNT, the trophy is manufactured by the New York firm Society Awards. The nominations are based on results from the iHeartRadio Chart, the iHeartRadio Countdown, the two-hour weekly program, highlights the top 20 contemporary hit radio songs in the iHeartRadio Chart. The latter is supplied and compiled by Mediabase, in addition, every public-voting category, includes social hashtags as the primary voting mechanism. The categories cover an array of genres, including rock, hip-hop, R&B, Latin. The category Artist of the Year was replaced by the categories Female Artist of the Year, public-voting categories through social media are indicated with a double dagger. Most Wins Most Nominations iHeartRadio Much Music Video Awards iHeartRadio Music Festival Official website
IHeartRadio Music Awards
–
Logo of the
inaugural ceremony
13.
Grammy Awards
–
A Grammy Award, or Grammy, is an honor awarded by The Recording Academy to recognize outstanding achievement in the mainly English-language music industry. The annual presentation ceremony features performances by prominent artists, and the presentation of awards that have a more popular interest. It shares recognition of the industry as that of the other performance awards such as the Emmy Awards, the Tony Awards. The first Grammy Awards ceremony was held on May 4,1959, to honor, following the 2011 ceremony, The Academy overhauled many Grammy Award categories for 2012. The 59th Grammy Awards, honoring the best achievements from October 2015 to September 2016, was held on February 12,2017, the Grammys had their origin in the Hollywood Walk of Fame project in the 1950s. The music executives decided to rectify this by creating a given by their industry similar to the Oscars. This was the beginning of the National Academy of Recording Arts, after it was decided to create such an award, there was still a question of what to call it, one working title was the Eddie, to honor the inventor of the phonograph, Thomas Edison. They finally settled on using the name of the invention of Emile Berliner, the gramophone, for the awards, the number of awards given grew and fluctuated over the years with categories added and removed, at one time reaching over 100. The second Grammy Awards, also held in 1959, was the first ceremony to be televised, the gold-plated trophies, each depicting a gilded gramophone, are made and assembled by hand by Billings Artworks in Ridgway, Colorado. In 1990 the original Grammy design was revamped, changing the traditional soft lead for a stronger alloy less prone to damage, Billings developed a zinc alloy named grammium, which is trademarked. The trophies with the name engraved on them are not available until after the award announcements. By February 2009,7,578 Grammy trophies had been awarded, the General Field are four awards which are not restricted by genre. Album of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a full album if other than the performer. Record of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a single song if other than the performer. Song of the Year is awarded to the writer/composer of a single song, Best New Artist is awarded to a promising breakthrough performer who releases, during the Eligibility Year, the first recording that establishes the public identity of that artist. The only two artists to win all four of these awards are Christopher Cross, who won all four in 1980, and Adele, who won the Best New Artist award in 2009 and the other three in 2012 and 2017. Other awards are given for performance and production in specific genres, as well as for other such as artwork. Special awards are given for longer-lasting contributions to the music industry, the many other Grammy trophies are presented in a pre-telecast Premiere Ceremony earlier in the afternoon before the Grammy Awards telecast
Grammy Awards
–
Grammy Awards
14.
Ed Sheeran
–
Edward Christopher Ed Sheeran is an English singer-songwriter and record producer. He was born in Halifax, West Yorkshire, and raised in Framlingham and he attended the Academy of Contemporary Music in Guildford, Surrey, as an undergraduate from the age of 18 in autumn 2009. In early 2011, Sheeran independently released the play, No.5 Collaborations Project. After signing with Asylum Records, his album, +, was released on 9 September 2011 and has since been certified seven-times platinum in the UK. The album contains the single The A Team, which earned him the Ivor Novello Award for Best Song Musically and Lyrically, in 2012, Sheeran won the Brit Awards for Best British Male Solo Artist and British Breakthrough Act. Sheerans popularity abroad began in 2012, in the US, he made a guest appearance on Taylor Swifts fourth studio album, Red. The A Team was nominated for Song of the Year at the 2013 Grammy Awards and he spent much of 2013 opening for Swifts The Red Tour in North America dates. In late 2013, he performed three shows at New Yorks Madison Square Garden as a headline act. His second studio album, x, was released on 23 June 2014 and it peaked at number one in the UK and the US. In 2015, x won the Brit Award for Album of the Year and his single from x, Thinking Out Loud, earned him two Grammy Awards at the 2016 ceremony, Song of the Year and Best Pop Solo Performance. As part of his tour, Sheeran played three sold-out concerts at Londons Wembley Stadium in July 2015, his biggest solo shows to date. Sheerans third album, ÷, was released in March 2017, the album debuted at number one in the UK, the US and other major markets. He also became the first artist to have two songs debut in the US top 10 in the same week, Sheeran appeared on Debretts 2017 list of the most influential people in the UK. Sheeran was born in Halifax, West Yorkshire, and moved with his family to Framlingham in Suffolk when he was a child and he has an older brother named Matthew, who works as a composer. Their parents, John and Imogen, are London-born and his paternal grandparents were Irish, and Sheeran has stated his father hailed from a very large Catholic family. John is an art curator and lecturer, and Imogen is a culture publicist turned jewellery designer and his parents ran Sheeran Lock, an independent art consultancy, from 1990 to 2010. Their work usually took them to London, and they spent their weekends travelling with their children, Sheerans early childhood memories include listening to the records of Bob Dylan and Eric Clapton. According to Sheeran, the album that first introduced him to music was Van Morrisons Irish Heartbeat, during his childhood, John took him to a number of live concerts that would later inspire his musical creations
Ed Sheeran
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Sheeran performing in
Sydney, Australia, February 2013
Ed Sheeran
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Sheeran at Academy 1, Manchester Dot to Dot Festival, June 2011
Ed Sheeran
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Sheeran at the Frequency Festival in Austria, August 2012
15.
Justin Bieber
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Justin Drew Bieber is a Canadian singer and songwriter. After a talent manager discovered him through his YouTube videos covering songs in 2008 and signed to RBMG, Bieber released his debut EP, My World and it was certified Platinum in the U. S. He became the first artist to have seven songs from a record chart on the Billboard Hot 100. Bieber released his first full-length studio album, My World 2.0 and it debuted at or near number one in several countries, was certified triple Platinum in the U. S. and contained his single Baby. He released his studio album, Under the Mistletoe, in November 2011. Bieber released his studio album, Believe, in 2012. His fourth studio album Purpose was released in November 2015, spawning three number one singles, What Do You Mean and his U. S. album and singles sales total 44.7 million. He has sold an estimated 100 million records, making him one of the world’s best-selling music artists, Bieber has won numerous awards, including the American Music Award for Artist of the Year in 2010 and 2012. In his career, he has won one Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording for the song Where Are Ü Now at the 2016 ceremony. He has been listed four times by Forbes magazine among the top ten most powerful celebrities in the world in 2011,2012, Bieber also became the first artist to surpass 10 billion total video views on Vevo. Bieber was born on March 1,1994, in London, Ontario, at St Josephs Hospital and he is the only child of Jeremy Jack Bieber and Patricia Pattie Mallette. Pattie raised her son with the help of her mother, Diane and his mother is of French-Canadian descent, his paternal great-grandfather was of German ancestry, and his other roots are English, Scottish and Irish. He has also claimed that he has some undetermined Aboriginal Canadian ancestry, through Jeremy, Bieber has two younger half-siblings, Jazmyn and Jaxon. Pattie worked a series of low-paying office jobs, raising Bieber as a mother in low-income housing. Bieber has maintained contact with his father, Bieber attended a French-language immersion elementary school in Stratford, the Jeanne Sauvé Catholic School. Growing up, he learned to play the piano, drums, guitar and he graduated from high school in Stratford, Ontario, the St. Michael Catholic Secondary School in 2012 with a 4.0 GPA. In early 2007, aged 12, Bieber sang Ne-Yos So Sick for a singing competition in Stratford and was placed second. Mallette posted a video of the performance on YouTube for their family and she continued to upload videos of Bieber singing covers of various R&B songs, and Biebers popularity on the site grew
Justin Bieber
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Bieber at the 2012 NRJ Music Awards
Justin Bieber
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Bieber in 2010, displaying his earlier haircut.
Justin Bieber
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Bieber performing during his
Believe Tour in October 2012.
Justin Bieber
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Bieber performing in
Zürich, 2011
16.
Maroon 5
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Maroon 5 is an American pop rock band that originated in Los Angeles, California. The band, which self-released an album called We Like Digging, then signed to Reprise Records and released the album The Fourth World in 1997. After the album garnered a tepid response, the band parted ways with the record label, in 2001, the band changed its image by adding guitarist James Valentine and pursuing a different direction under the name Maroon 5. At this point, Carmichael switched to playing keyboards, which has become his main instrument in the band. After these changes, Maroon 5 signed with a subsidiary of J Records, Octone Records, the albums lead single, Harder to Breathe, received heavy airplay, which helped the album to debut at number six on the Billboard 200 chart. In 2004, the album went platinum and has dubbed the sleeper hit of the millennium. The band won the Grammy Award for Best New Artist in 2005, for the next few years, Maroon 5 toured extensively worldwide in support of Songs About Jane and produced two live recordings, 2004s 1.22.03. Acoustic and 2005s Live – Friday the 13th. In 2006, Dusick officially left Maroon 5 after suffering from serious wrist, the band then recorded their second album, It Wont Be Soon Before Long and released it in May 2007. The album reached number one on the US Billboard 200 chart, in September 2010, Maroon 5 released their third studio album Hands All Over, which was re-released in 2011 to include the single Moves like Jagger featuring Christina Aguilera. While the original version of the album received mixed reviews, Moves like Jagger reached the one position on the Billboard Hot 100. The band released their album, Overexposed, on June 26,2012. All four singles of the album were successful on the Billboard Hot 100, including second single One More Night. Keyboardist PJ Morton became a member of the band in 2012. The addition of PJ Morton meant that for the first time, in 2014, the band signed with Interscope Records and released their fifth studio album, V. Maroon 5 has sold more than 20 million albums and 70 million singles worldwide, Adam Levine was introduced to Ryan Dusick by a mutual friend and guitarist, Adam Salzman. Levine was 15 years old and Dusick was 16, three of the five members of the band started playing together at age 12. The four original members of the band met while attending Brentwood EMH School in Los Angeles, while attending Brentwood EMH School, Adam Levine and Jesse Carmichael joined up with Mickey Madden and Ryan Dusick to form Karas Flowers, a rock band. The name was taken from a girl went to their high school that the band had a collective crush on
Maroon 5
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Maroon 5 in 2011 (from left to right:
Mickey Madden,
Adam Levine,
James Valentine,
Jesse Carmichael,
PJ Morton, and
Matt Flynn).
Maroon 5
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Maroon 5 in concert in 2004
Maroon 5
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Maroon 5 in Madison Square Garden in 2007
17.
Rihanna
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Robyn Rihanna Fenty is a Barbadian singer, songwriter, and actress. Born in Saint Michael and raised in Bridgetown, she first entered the industry by recording demo tapes under the direction of record producer Evan Rogers in 2003. She ultimately signed a contract with Def Jam Recordings after auditioning for its then-president. She assumed creative control for her studio album Good Girl Gone Bad. Its successful lead single Umbrella became a breakthrough in her career. After releasing four consecutive platinum albums, including the Grammy Award winner Unapologetic. Her eighth studio album Anti and its lead single Work reached number-one on the Billboard 200, with sales exceeding 230 million records worldwide, Rihanna is one of the best-selling artists of all time. Widely recognized for reinventing her style, she received the Fashion Icon lifetime achievement award from the Council of Fashion Designers of America in 2014. Forbes ranked Rihanna the fourth most powerful celebrity of 2012, and was named one of Times 100 Most Influential People in the World later that year, Robyn Rihanna Fenty was born on February 20,1988, in Saint Michael, Barbados. Her mother, Monica, is an accountant of African American background. Rihanna has two brothers, Rorrey and Rajad Fenty, and two half-sisters and a half-brother from her fathers side, each born to different mothers from his previous relationships. She grew up in a bungalow in Bridgetown and sold clothes with her father in a stall on the street. Rihannas childhood was affected by her fathers addiction to crack cocaine. As a child, she went through a lot of CT scans for the excruciating headaches she suffered, even thought it was a tumor, by the time she was fourteen, Rihanna’s parents had divorced and her health began to improve. Rihanna grew up listening to music and began singing at around the age of seven. She attended Charles F. Broome Memorial Primary School and Combermere High School, Rihanna was an army cadet in a sub-military programme, the singer-songwriter Shontelle was her drill sergeant. Although she initially wanted to graduate high school, she chose to pursue a musical career instead. In 2003, Rihanna formed a trio with two of her classmates
Rihanna
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Rihanna grew up in the city of
Bridgetown, Barbados.
Rihanna
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Rihanna performing during the
Diamonds World Tour in 2013
Rihanna
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Rihanna performing at the
KIIS-FM Jingle Ball, 2005
Rihanna
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Rihanna in
Minneapolis performing on her
Loud Tour, June 2011
18.
Katy Perry
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Katheryn Elizabeth Hudson, known professionally as Katy Perry, is an American singer and songwriter. After singing in church during her childhood, she pursued a career in music as a teenager. Perry signed with Red Hill Records and released her studio album Katy Hudson under her birth name in 2001. She moved to Los Angeles the following year to venture into music after Red Hill ceased operations and she subsequently began working with producers Glen Ballard, Dr. Luke. After adopting the stage name Katy Perry and being dropped by The Island Def Jam Music Group and Columbia Records, the album became the first by a female artist to produce five number-one songs in the U. S. and the second overall after Michael Jacksons album Bad. In March 2012, she re-issued the album as Teenage Dream, The Complete Confection and her fourth album, Prism, was released in 2013, and is influenced by pop and dance. She became the first artist with multiple videos to one billion views on Vevo with the videos for its songs Roar. Perry has received awards, including four Guinness World Records, a Brit Award, and a Juno Award. Her estimated net worth as of 2016 is $125 million and she is one of the best-selling musical artists of all time, having sold 100 million records globally throughout her career. In film, she released a documentary titled Katy Perry, Part of Me in 2012. Katheryn Elizabeth Hudson was born in Santa Barbara, California, to Pentecostal pastors Mary Christine and her parents are born again Christians, each having turned to religion after a wild youth. Perry has English, German, Irish, and Portuguese ancestry, through her mother, she is a niece of film director Frank Perry. She has a brother named David, who is a singer. From ages 3 to 11, Perry often moved across the country as her parents set up churches before settling again in Santa Barbara. Growing up, she attended schools and camps, including Paradise Valley Christian School in Arizona. Her family struggled financially, sometimes using food stamps and eating from the bank intended to feed the congregation at her parents church. Growing up, Perry and her siblings were not allowed to eat Lucky Charms as the term luck reminded their mother of Lucifer, Perry primarily listened to gospel music, as secular music was generally discouraged in the familys home. She discovered popular music through CDs she sneaked from her friends, while not strictly identifying as religious, Perry has stated, I pray all the time – for self-control, for humility
Katy Perry
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Perry at the
2014 ARIA Music Awards
Katy Perry
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Perry was part of the 2008 Warped Tour lineup
Katy Perry
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Perry's California Dreams Tour grossed over $59 million
Katy Perry
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Perry performing during The Prismatic World Tour in July 2014
19.
Kesha
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Kesha Rose Sebert is an American singer, songwriter, and rapper. In 2005, at age 18, Kesha was signed to producer Dr. Lukes label Kemosabe Records and her breakthrough came in early 2009 after appearing on American rapper Flo Ridas number-one single Right Round. Her debut album, Animal, and her first extended play, Keshas music and image propelled her to immediate commercial success, with Animal debuting as the number-one album in the United States. She also achieved two number-one singles, Tik Tok and We R Who We R, and a string of singles from the album. At the same time, she continued to write songs for other artists, Warrior, her second studio album, was released in 2012, spawning Keshas eighth top-ten single with Die Young, and her ninth and tenth Top 40 hits with CMon and Crazy Kids. Tik Tok is among the digital singles in history, selling over 14 million units internationally. Influenced by various genres and artists, Kesha primarily draws inspiration from music of the 1980s, Madonna, Queen, after experimenting with country, pop rock, and electronic music, Kesha stuck with the latter. Thematically, her music generally revolves around escapism, partying, individuality, supernatural moments, rebellion, Kesha has been involved with animal rights and LGBT activism. She has received awards and nominations, including her win for MTV Europe Music Award for Best New Act in 2010. As of November 2013, she has sold over 33 million records in the United States and 60 million records worldwide. Her recorded output has been curtailed since 2013 due to a dispute with her former producer Dr. Luke. Kesha alleged physical and emotional abuse and employment discrimination against Dr. Luke, while Dr. Luke claims breach of contract, Kesha was born in Los Angeles, California. Pebe, a mother, struggled financially while supporting herself, Kesha. When Kesha was an infant, Pebe would often have to look after her onstage while performing, Kesha says she has no knowledge of her fathers identity, though she has speculated that he may be Mick Jagger. Her mother is of German and Hungarian descent, one of Keshas great-grandfathers was Polish. Pebe moved the family to Nashville, Tennessee, in 1991 after securing a new publishing deal for her songwriting, Pebe frequently brought Kesha and her brothers along to recording studios and encouraged Kesha to sing when she noticed Keshas vocal talent. Kesha attended Franklin High School and Brentwood High School, but claimed that she did not fit in and she played the trumpet and later the saxophone in the marching band in school, and described herself in an interview with NPR as being a diligent student. After attaining a score on her SATs, she was offered a full scholarship at Barnard College
Kesha
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Kesha at
Planes: Fire & Rescue premiere at
El Capitan Theatre in July 2014
Kesha
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Kesha performing live during the
Get Sleazy Tour, her first headlining tour, in 2011
Kesha
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Kesha
Kesha
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Kesha performing on
Today in November 2012
20.
Sia (musician)
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Sia Kate Isobelle Furler, referred to mononymously as Sia, is an Australian singer, songwriter, record producer and music video director. She started her career as a singer in the local Adelaide acid jazz band Crisp in the mid-1990s, in 1997, when Crisp disbanded, she released her debut studio album titled OnlySee in Australia. She then moved to London, England, and provided vocals for the British duo Zero 7. In 2000, Sia signed to Sony Musics sub-label Dance Pool and released her studio album, Healing Is Difficult. Displeased with the promotion of the record, she signed to Go, Beat and released her third studio album, Colour the Small One, in 2004. The project struggled to connect with an audience, and so Sia relocated to New York City in 2005. She released her fourth and fifth releases, Some People Have Real Problems and We Are Born, in 2008 and 2010. She then took a hiatus from performing, during which she focused on songwriting for other artists and her catalogue includes the successful collaborations Titanium, Diamonds and Wild Ones. In 2016, she released her studio album This Is Acting. The same year, Sia gave her Nostalgic for the Present Tour, Sia has received an array of accolades, including ARIA Awards and an MTV Video Music Award. Sia Kate Isobelle Furler was born on 18 December 1975 in Adelaide and her father, Phil Colson, is a musician, and her mother, Loene Furler, is an art lecturer. Sia is the niece of actor-singer Kevin Colson and musician Colin Hay, Sia said that as a child she imitated the performing style of Aretha Franklin, Stevie Wonder and Sting, who she counted as her early influences. In the mid-1990s, Sia started a career as a singer in the acid jazz band Crisp. Sia collaborated with the band and contributed vocals to their two EPs, Word and the Deal and Delirium, in 1997 Crisp disbanded, and Sia released her debut studio album entitled OnlySee on Flavoured Records in Australia. After Crisp disbanded in 1997, Sia moved to London, where she performed as a background vocalist for British band Jamiroquai and she also provided lead vocals for English downtempo group Zero 7 on their first three studio albums and toured with the group. On Zero 7s 2001 album Simple Things, Sia contributed vocals to two tracks, Destiny and Distractions, the single Destiny peaked at No.30 on the UK Singles Chart. In 2004, she provided vocals for Zero 7 on Somersault, in 2006, Sia again collaborated with Zero 7 for the groups third album, The Garden and hence she is regarded as the unofficial lead singer of Zero 7. In 2000, Sia signed a contract with Sony Musics sub-label Dance Pool and released her first single, Taken for Granted
Sia (musician)
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Sia performing in Seattle, Washington 2011
Sia (musician)
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Sia in concert in 2006
Sia (musician)
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Sia performing at
South by Southwest in 2008
Sia (musician)
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Sia performing live in 2011
21.
The Weeknd
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Abel Makkonen Tesfaye, known professionally as The Weeknd, is a Canadian singer, songwriter and record producer. In late 2010, Tesfaye anonymously uploaded several songs to YouTube under the name The Weeknd and he released three nine-track mixtapes throughout 2011, House of Balloons, Thursday and Echoes of Silence, which were critically acclaimed. In 2012, he released a compilation album Trilogy, thirty tracks consisting of the remastered mixtapes and it was released under Republic Records and his own label XO. In 2013, he released his studio album Kiss Land. The songs have held the top three spots on the Billboard Hot R&B Songs chart, making him the first artist in history to achieve this. The Weeknd has won two Grammy Awards and nine Juno Awards, in September 2016, the release of the third album Starboy was announced along with the release of the title track single Starboy, which subsequently reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100. Abel Makkonen Tesfaye was born on 16 February 1990, in Scarborough, Ontario and he is the only child of Makkonen and Samra Tesfaye, who were Ethiopian migrants to Canada in the 1980s. He was raised in Scarborough, a neighborhood within the city. During his youth, his mother would work several jobs to support the family, often as a nurse and caterer, while also attending night school. His father later abandoned the family, prompting his grandmother to take care for him and his paternal cousin Issam Nazar. This allowed him to become fluent in Amharic, with the Semitic language acting as his first language and she would also take him to services at an Ethiopian Orthodox church. He started smoking marijuana at age 11, and later moved on to hard drugs, describing his teenage years as KIDS without the AIDS, he would shoplift from the local supermarket with his cousin Issam, and began using MDMA, Xanax, cocaine, psilocybin and ketamine. He attended West Hill Collegiate Institute and Birchmount Park Collegiate Institute, the spelling was modified to avoid trademark issues with the Canadian band The Weekend. Tesfaye met producer Jeremy Rose, who had an idea for a dark R&B musical project called The Weeknd. After trying to pitch the idea to musician Curtis Santiago, Rose played one of his instrumentals for Tesfaye, who freestyled over it, and they began working on an album. He produced three songs – What You Need, Loft Music, and The Morning – and others that Tesfaye rapped on, Rose let Tesfaye keep the tracks he had produced under the condition that he would ultimately be credited for them. However, in December 2010, Tesfaye uploaded What You Need, Loft Music and The Morning to YouTube under the name The Weeknd, though his identity was initially unknown. The songs drew attention online through word of mouth, including a blog featuring the songs posted by rapper Drake and they subsequently received coverage from outlets such as Pitchfork Media and The New York Times
The Weeknd
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The Weeknd performing at
Bumbershoot 2015
The Weeknd
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The Weeknd at the 2011 Annual OVO Fest.
The Weeknd
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The Weeknd performing at
Massey Hall a downtown Toronto theatre on October 17, 2013
The Weeknd
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The Weeknd at Bumbershoot 2015
22.
Selena Gomez
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Selena Marie Gomez is an American actress and singer. Having appeared as a child in the television series Barney & Friends. Due to the success of the series, Gomez worked on films, television shows. Gomez also formed her own company in 2008, titled July Moon Productions, she serves as an executive producer on the Netflix original series 13 Reasons Why. She signed a contract with Hollywood Records in 2008 and subsequently formed her band Selena Gomez & the Scene the following year. The band released three albums by 2011. Gomez hoped to focus on her career by transitioning into film work, earning starring roles in films such as Ramona and Beezus. Gomez hoped to achieve a mature image with a role in the exploitation film Spring Breakers. The album debuted atop the Billboard 200 in the United States, Gomez embarked on her Stars Dance Tour, though it was later canceled due to personal and medical struggles. In 2014, Gomez fired her parents as her managers and signed with the WME, during this time, she signed a new recording contract with Interscope Records, releasing a compilation album as her fifth and final release through Hollywood Records. Gomez released her studio album, Revival, in October 2015. The album debuted at one on the Billboard 200, while the first three singles Good for You, Same Old Love and, Hands to Myself all topped the Mainstream Top 40 chart in the United States. She embarked on her worldwide Revival Tour in 2016, like her previous tour, Gomez is currently working on her third solo studio album. Aside from her solo releases, Gomez has collaborated with American singer-songwriter Charlie Puth on the song We Dont Talk Anymore, outside of entertainment, Gomez released her own clothing line through Kmart in 2010 and a self-titled fragrance in 2013. She has worked with charitable organizations for years and became a UNICEF ambassador at the age of seventeen. Since the start of her career, Gomez has gone on to sell over 7 million albums and 22 million singles worldwide, as of November 2016, Gomez is the most-followed Instagram user in the world. Selena Marie Gomez was born in Grand Prairie, Texas on July 22,1992, to Ricardo Joel Gomez, Gomez was named after Tejano singer and actress Selena Quintanilla-Pérez, who died in 1995. Her father is of Mexican descent while her mother, who was adopted, has some Italian ancestry, regarding her Hispanic heritage, Gomez has stated, My family does have Quinceañeras, and we go to the communion church
Selena Gomez
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Gomez at the Walmart Soundcheck Concert, July 2013
Selena Gomez
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Gomez on the set of Wizards of Waverly Place (2007)
Selena Gomez
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Gomez performing during the
Stars Dance Tour (2013)
23.
Wiz Khalifa
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Cameron Jibril Thomaz, better known by his stage name Wiz Khalifa, is an American rapper, songwriter, and actor. He released his album, Show and Prove, in 2006. His Eurodance-influenced single, Say Yeah, received radio airplay, charting on the Rhythmic Top 40. Khalifa parted with Warner Bros. and released his album, Deal or No Deal. He released the mixtape Kush and Orange Juice as a download in April 2010. He is also known for his debut single for Atlantic, Black and Yellow. His debut album for the label, Rolling Papers, was released on March 29,2011 and he followed that album with O. N. I. F. C. On December 4,2012, which was backed by the singles Work Hard, Play Hard, Wiz released his fourth album Blacc Hollywood on August 18,2014, backed by the lead single We Dem Boyz. In March 2015, he released See You Again for the soundtrack of the film Furious 7, Khalifa was born Cameron Jibril Thomaz on September 8,1987 in Minot, North Dakota, to parents serving in the military. His parents divorced when Khalifa was about three years old and he is a military brat with his parents military service caused him to move regularly. Khalifa lived in Germany, the United Kingdom, and Japan before settling in Pittsburgh where he attended Taylor Allderdice High School and his stage name is derived from Khalifa, an Arabic word meaning successor, and wisdom, which was shortened to Wiz when Khalifa was a young boy. He got a tattoo of his name on his 17th birthday. He cites Jimi Hendrix, Camp Lo, The Notorious B. I. G. Rostrum Records president Benjy Grinberg first heard about Wiz Khalifa in 2004 when the rappers contribution to a mixtape of various new Pittsburgh artists attracted his interest. Khalifa signed to the label shortly after and began a period of artist development. Khalifa released his first mixtape, Prince of the City, Welcome to Pistolvania, the mixtape paved the way for his first full-length album entitled Show and Prove in 2006. Khalifa was declared an artist to watch that year in Rolling Stone magazine and his debut Warner Bros. single Say Yeah reached number 25 on the Billboard Rhythmic Top 40 music chart and number 20 on Billboards Hot Rap Tracks. The song samples Better Off Alone by Alice Deejay, Khalifa appeared with The Game, David Banner and Play-n-Skillz at U92s Summer Jam at the USANA Amphitheatre in West Valley City, Utah on August 2,2008. Khalifa released the mixtapes Star Power in September 2008, and Flight School in April 2009 on Rostrum Records, Khalifa parted ways with Warner Bros. Records in July 2009 after numerous delays in releasing his planned debut album for the label, First Flight
Wiz Khalifa
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Khalifa performing Under the Influence Tour 2012 in Toronto.
Wiz Khalifa
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Wiz Khalifa performing at
Columbia University in New York City in April 2010.
Wiz Khalifa
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Wiz Khalifa on stage in
Boston in August 2010.
Wiz Khalifa
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Wiz Khalifa at
SXSW in 2010
24.
Interscope Records
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Interscope Records is an American record company. At the time, it differed from most record companies by giving decision-making authority to its A&R staff and it had its first hit records less than a year after it was founded and achieved profitability in 1993. In 1992, Interscope acquired the rights to market and distribute the hardcore rap label Death Row. Albums by Death Row artists included rappers Tupac Shakur, Dr. Dre, as a result, Time Warner severed ties with Interscope by selling its 50 percent stake back to Field and Iovine for $115 million in 1995. In 1996, 50% of the label was acquired by the MCA Music Entertainment Group for a reported $200 million, Iovine served as chairman and CEO until May 2014. He was succeeded by John Janick, Interscope is headquartered in Santa Monica, California. The labels best-selling artists include U2, Eminem, Lady Gaga, in 1989, Ted Field began to build Interscope Records as a division of his film company, Interscope Communications. To run it, he hired John McClain, who had played a role in Janet Jacksons success at A&M Records, and Tom Whalley. Separately, Iovine, who had produced records by U2, Bruce Springsteen, I thought, Music is going to change, Iovine said in 1997. Young bands arent going to be asking for me, but I love working with the new thing. I always liked the part of the business thats the first time you hear something, Iovine and Field were introduced by Paul McGuinness, then U2s manager. After a series of negotiations led by David Geffen, they came to an agreement, in a 1997 article in Rolling Stone, David Wild wrote, Interscopes start-up coincided with a period of incredible change in the music world. Nirvana had ushered in the alternative revolution, based in Westwood, California, Interscope was run by music men. It was a departure from the industry practices of the 1970s and 1980s. A founding tenet of the label was that artists would have creative control. Interscopes first release was Rico Suave by Ecuadoran rapper Gerardo in December 1990, Primus Interscope debut was released in May, followed by Marky Mark and the Funky Bunchs Music for the People in July. It included the #1 single Good Vibrations, two days after first hearing his demo, Whalley signed Tupac Shakur, and in November 1991, Interscope released 2pacalypse Now, Shakurs studio debut. Interscope began to develop a significant presence in the genre in 1992
Interscope Records
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Interscope Records
25.
Jews
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The Jews, also known as the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group originating from the Israelites, or Hebrews, of the Ancient Near East. Jews originated as a national and religious group in the Middle East during the second millennium BCE, the Merneptah Stele appears to confirm the existence of a people of Israel, associated with the god El, somewhere in Canaan as far back as the 13th century BCE. The Israelites, as an outgrowth of the Canaanite population, consolidated their hold with the emergence of the Kingdom of Israel, some consider that these Canaanite sedentary Israelites melded with incoming nomadic groups known as Hebrews. The worldwide Jewish population reached a peak of 16.7 million prior to World War II, but approximately 6 million Jews were systematically murdered during the Holocaust. Since then the population has risen again, and as of 2015 was estimated at 14.3 million by the Berman Jewish DataBank. According to the report, about 43% of all Jews reside in Israel and these numbers include all those who self-identified as Jews in a socio-demographic study or were identified as such by a respondent in the same household. The exact world Jewish population, however, is difficult to measure, Israel is the only country where Jews form a majority of the population. The modern State of Israel was established as a Jewish state and defines itself as such in its Declaration of Independence and its Law of Return grants the right of citizenship to any Jew who requests it. The English word Jew continues Middle English Gyw, Iewe, according to the Hebrew Bible, the name of both the tribe and kingdom derive from Judah, the fourth son of Jacob. The Hebrew word for Jew, יְהוּדִי ISO 259-3 Yhudi, is pronounced, with the stress on the syllable, in Israeli Hebrew. The Ladino name is ג׳ודיו, Djudio, ג׳ודיוס, Djudios, Yiddish, ייִד Yid, ייִדן, Yidn. The etymological equivalent is in use in languages, e. g. but derivations of the word Hebrew are also in use to describe a Jew, e. g. in Italian. The German word Jude is pronounced, the corresponding adjective jüdisch is the origin of the word Yiddish, in such contexts Jewish is the only acceptable possibility. Some people, however, have become so wary of this construction that they have extended the stigma to any use of Jew as a noun, a factual reconstruction for the origin of the Jews is a difficult and complex endeavor. It requires examining at least 3,000 years of ancient human history using documents in vast quantities, as archaeological discovery relies upon researchers and scholars from diverse disciplines, the goal is to interpret all of the factual data, focusing on the most consistent theory. In this case, it is complicated by long standing politics and religious, Jacob and his family migrated to Ancient Egypt after being invited to live with Jacobs son Joseph by the Pharaoh himself. The patriarchs descendants were later enslaved until the Exodus led by Moses, traditionally dated to the 13th century BCE, Modern archaeology has largely discarded the historicity of the Patriarchs and of the Exodus story, with it being reframed as constituting the Israelites inspiring national myth narrative. The growth of Yahweh-centric belief, along with a number of practices, gradually gave rise to a distinct Israelite ethnic group
Jews
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Baruch Spinoza
Jews
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Map of
Canaan
Jews
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David Ben-Gurion
Jews
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George Gershwin
26.
Nas
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Nasir Bin Olu Dara Jones, better known by his stage name Nas /ˈnɑːz/, is an American rapper, record producer, actor and entrepreneur. The son of jazz musician Olu Dara, Nas has released eight consecutive platinum and multi-platinum albums and has sold over 25 million records worldwide. He is also an entrepreneur through his own label, he serves as associate publisher of Mass Appeal magazine and is the owner of a Fila sneaker store. He is currently signed to Mass Appeal Records and his musical career began in 1991 as featured artist on Main Sources Live at the Barbeque. His debut album Illmatic received universal acclaim from critics and the hip hop community and is frequently ranked as one of the greatest hip hop albums of all time. Nas follow-up It Was Written debuted at one on the Billboard 200, stayed on top for four consecutive weeks. From 2001 to 2005, Nas was involved in a publicized feud with rapper Jay Z. Nas signed to Def Jam in 2006. In 2010, he released Distant Relatives, an album with reggae artist Damian Marley. His eleventh studio album, Life Is Good was nominated for Best Rap Album at the 55th Annual Grammy Awards, Nas is often named as one of the greatest hip hop artists. MTV ranked him at number 5 on their list of The Greatest MCs of All Time, in 2012, The Source ranked him number two on their list of the Top 50 Lyricists of All Time. In 2013, Nas was ranked fourth on MTVs Hottest MCs in the Game list. About. com ranked him first on their list of the 50 Greatest MCs of All Time in 2014, nasir bin Olu Dara Jones was born September 14,1973, in Brooklyn, New York. His father, Olu Dara, is a jazz and blues musician and his mother, Fannie Ann Jones, was a Postal Service worker from North Carolina. He has one sibling, a brother named Jabari Fret who is best known as Jungle and his father took his name Olu Dara from the Yoruba people. His African DNA indicates he has roots in countries with high Yoruba populations Nigeria, Benin, Togo and Ghana – as well as Mali, the Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Congo, and Senegal. His matrilineal DNA haplogroup is of African origin, found among the Yoruba and he also found that his Y-DNA traces directly back to Scandinavia, through which he is a descendant of the Vikings. As a young child, Nas and his family relocated to the Queensbridge Houses in the Long Island City neighborhood of Queens and his neighbor, Willy Ill Will Graham, influenced Nass interest in hip hop by playing him records. His parents divorced in 1985, and he dropped out of school after the eighth grade and he educated himself about African culture through the Five Percent Nation and the Nuwaubian Nation
Nas
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Nas performing in
Paris in 2014.
Nas
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NAS performing at the 2015 Sugar Mountain festival, Melbourne, Australia
Nas
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Nas in 1998.
Nas
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Nas performing in 2003.
27.
The World Is Yours (Nas song)
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The World Is Yours is a 1994 song by rapper Nas. It was the single from his debut album Illmatic, released a month after the album. It is considered by critics as one of the greatest hip-hop songs ever recorded. It reached #13 on the Hot Rap Singles chart in 1994, the hook was sampled from Ahmad Jamals 1970 released song, I love music, which appears at 4,50 and ends at roughly 5,10. The song and its accompanying video pay homage to the film Scarface, the song also references drug dealer/crime boss Howard Pappy Mason. The song also mentions the serial killer of the Texarkana Moonlight Murders, which went, a remix of the song was produced by Q-Tip featuring similar but new lyrics, both it and the original were released by Columbia Records as singles, and promoted with music videos. Usual Suspects by Rick Ross featuring Nas and Kevin Cossom Jealousy Woes II by Eminem, in Remembrance & The World Is. by Blu & Exile. Falling by 1982 featuring Freddie Gibbs, nikes On My Feet by Mac Miller. The World Is Yours by The Visioneers, the World Is Yours by Elzhi My World by Jay Electronica. The World Is Yours by Blazo, the World Is Yours / Brooklyn Zoo by BadBadNotGood. The song was featured in the video games Tony Hawks Underground and it can also be heard in a scene in the film Antwone Fisher, and appears on the soundtrack for the film The Wackness. The song is played in the film Dope. The World Is Yours was mentioned by Nas in his later songs Got Ur Self A. the World Is Yours The World Is Yours The World Is Yours The World Is Yours Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
The World Is Yours (Nas song)
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"The World Is Yours"
28.
All-4-One
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All-4-One is an American male R&B/pop group best known for their cover hit single I Swear from their self-titled 1994 debut album. The group comprises Jamie Jones, Delious Kennedy, Alfred Nevarez, and Tony Borowiak, all from the Antelope Valley and Mojave, California areas, the group has sold 22 million records worldwide. It has been named by ASCAP as one of the greatest love songs of the 20th Century and it was also nominated for Song Of The Year, as was the single Top 5 smash hit I Can Love You Like That. The group was popular before the No.1 success of I Swear, other hits include Shes Got Skillz, These Arms, Beautiful as U, I Will Be Right Here and Someday. The shift in labels left the group in limbo for a few years as they contemplated their next move. In 2001, the album, A41, was released on AMC Records yielding, Beautiful As U. The groups 2004 album, Split Personality, was given an Asia-only release, for much of the 2000s All-4-One has spent their time touring Asia, in cities such as Tokyo, Kuala Lumpur, Singapore, Seoul, Bangkok, Shanghai, Sydney and Perth Australia. In 2009, All-4-One released No Regrets on the Peak Records/Concord Music Group label, the album was largely created in-house, with the group doing the writing for the album, and Jamie Jones production company, The Heavyweights, doing a lot of the production work. The CD produced an Urban Adult Contemporary hit entitled My Child, in June 2015, Billboard. com premiered the first single Baby Love, from All-4-Ones 20th Anniversary Album, Twenty+. Delious Kennedy is the co-founder of the Catalina Film Festival, known as the west coasts version of Cannes Film Festival, the Catalina Film Festival is a destination festival located just off the coast on Santa Catalina Island, California. In 2012, Kennedy released a single he co-wrote entitled My Rose which peaked at No.44 on Billboards Hot Dance/Club charts, the song was done as a favor to Michael Lohan, father of Lindsay Lohan, and was supposed to mark her return to the spotlight. After being released from rehab, Lindsay Lohan was involved in an incident involving a necklace. Due to the press, Kennedy decided to postpone the release of the single in 2011
All-4-One
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All-4-One performing at a concert.
29.
I Swear
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I Swear is a ballad written by Gary Baker and Frank J. Myers that became a hit for two acts in 1994. Initially, it was a single on the U. S. Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart for American country music artist John Michael Montgomery at the beginning of the year and his version crossed over to pop radio and climbed to number 42 on the Billboard Hot 100. A few months later, American pop group All-4-One covered the song, in Latin America it has been translated Juraré performed by the Costa Rican group Centinelas Vocal Band. In 1998, the Mexican country band Caballo Dorado recorded a Spanish version called Ya sé, the song is a ballad in which the narrator promises his significant other that he will always love her. The music video was directed by Marc Ball and premiered in late 1993. CD maxi—United States I Swear –4,23 Line on Love –2,37 Dream on Texas Ladies –3,08 Friday at Five –2,41 I Swear debuted on the U. S. Billboard Hot Country Songs for the week of December 18,1993. Several months after John Michael Montgomery had released his original version, all-4-Ones version hit number one in numerous countries, including the Billboard Hot 100 in the U. S. where it remained for eleven consecutive weeks. This version spent a total of 18 weeks in the UK charts and this version ranks number 88 on Billboards All-Time Top 100 Songs list. On May 9,2016, All-4-One posted a video on YouTube recording a new version of the song with Montgomery, a music video was produced to promote the single. It portrays the members of All-4-One hanging out on a rooftop, the rest of the music video shows the band members kicking a cardboard box through a puddle and bantering with her until she drives off on a public bus. The song was recorded at Noiseblock Studios in Florence, Alabama. CD single I Swear –04,03 Empire of Love –03,28 The song was performed by UCLAs Bruin Harmony in the 2010 film The Social Network during a Valentines Day a cappella music review at Harvard. Following the success of the All-4-One version, Filipino boy group Quamo performed the Tagalog version of song in 1994. The song was performed in a fashion by Eric Cartman in the South Park episode Cartman Finds Love and a part of it with special guest Brad Paisley. The song was featured in the 2005 American film Just Friends, the song was sung by South Korean entertainer Ji Suk-jin in 1993 for a reporter audition for SBS, the video recording of which resurfaced on the 8th episode of Running Man, to great comedic effect. The song was performed by the Minions in a scene between Gru and Lucy in the 2013 animated film Despicable Me 2 and its soundtrack. The song was featured in an advertisement by Sky News as part of the UK general election 2015 and it consists of archive footage of David Cameron, Nick Clegg, Nigel Farage, and Ed Miliband speaking out cleverly edited into the lyrics of the song
I Swear
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"I Swear"
I Swear
I Swear
30.
Columbia Records
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Columbia Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, Inc. the United States division of Sony Corporation. It was founded in 1887, evolving from an enterprise named the American Graphophone Company. Columbia is the oldest surviving brand name in the sound business. Columbia Records went on to release records by an array of singers, instrumentalists. It is one of Sony Musics three flagship record labels alongside RCA Records and Epic Records, rather, as above, it was connected to CBS, a broadcasting media company which had purchased the company in 1938, and had been co-founded in 1927 by Columbia Records itself. Though Arista Records was sold to Bertelsmann Music Group, it would become a sister label of Columbia Records through its mutual connection to Sony Music. The Columbia Phonograph Company was founded in 1887 by stenographer, lawyer and New Jersey native Edward Easton and it derived its name from the District of Columbia, where it was headquartered. At first it had a monopoly on sales and service of Edison phonographs and phonograph cylinders in Washington. As was the custom of some of the regional companies, Columbia produced many commercial cylinder recordings of its own. Columbias ties to Edison and the North American Phonograph Company were severed in 1894 with the North American Phonograph Companys breakup, thereafter it sold only records and phonographs of its own manufacture. In 1902, Columbia introduced the XP record, a brown wax record. According to Gracyk, the molded brown waxes may have sold to Sears for distribution. Columbia began selling records and phonographs in addition to the cylinder system in 1901, preceded only by their Toy Graphophone of 1899. For a decade, Columbia competed with both the Edison Phonograph Company cylinders and the Victor Talking Machine Company disc records as one of the top three names in American recorded sound. In order to add prestige to its catalog of artists. The firm also introduced the internal-horn Grafonola to compete with the extremely popular Victrola sold by the rival Victor Talking Machine Company, during this era, Columbia used the famous Magic Notes logo—a pair of sixteenth notes in a circle—both in the United States and overseas. Columbia was split into two companies, one to make records and one to make players, Columbia Phonograph was moved to Connecticut, and Ed Easton went with it. Eventually it was renamed the Dictaphone Corporation, in late 1923, Columbia went into receivership
Columbia Records
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Original home of Columbia in Washington, D.C., in 1889
Columbia Records
Columbia Records
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A Columbia type AT cylinder
graphophone, first released in 1898
Columbia Records
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This article is about the American record label active worldwide except in Japan. For the Columbia label which was a unit of EMI, see
Columbia Graphophone Company. For the Columbia label in Japan, see
Nippon Columbia.
31.
Disco D
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David Aaron Shayman, better known by his stage name Disco D, was an American record producer and composer. He started as a teenage DJ in Ann Arbor, Michigan, Disco D produced the track Ski Mask Way on American hip-hop artist 50 Cents The Massacre album. He committed suicide in Washington, D. C. on January 23,2007, Shayman was born on September 21,1980 in St. Louis, Missouri, United States to Deborah and James Shayman. He had one sister Becky, and four step-siblings, at age 6, Shayman moved to Ann Arbor, Michigan. His family was involved with the temple Beth Emet, where he attended Hebrew school until his bar mitzvah, david was heavily into martial arts, and earned a black belt. He was a talented and driven young man, he also had a stint as a semi pro inline street skater. He managed to find success in every endeavor he pursued. Shaymans career began in 1995 while a student at Pioneer High School in Ann Arbor and he mastered the art of DJing almost immediately. In the beginning he was influenced by booty elecktro. He quickly became a customer at the local Ann Arbor vinyl stores, where he began to network with many of the local DJs. By 1997, he was performing nationally as a DJ, had established his first production company, in 1998, Shayman began studying at the Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan. While he outwardly pursued management studies, he remained interested by the sciences, as a teenager he worked in a genetics lab at the University of Michigan. He also aspired to make a trip to the North Pole, in 1999, Shayman was a key player in the founding of Ghostly International, having co-produced the record labels first single, Hands Up for Detroit in October 1999. In addition to finding his own GTI Recordings, he began releasing music on the Bad Boy Bills Muzik/Mixconnection label. During this period, he became known for his turntable skills. After graduating from the Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan in 2002 at age 22, Shayman moved to Brooklyn, in his Williamsburg neighborhood home recording studio, Shayman started Booty Bar Records, a record label and night club in New York City. In the summer of 2002, Shayman released Booty Bar Anthem EP and he also branched out as a producer of hip hop, R&B, and dancehall tracks for mainstream artists. By June 2003, Shayman worked with Princess Superstar and remixed artists ranging from 50 Cent and B. G. to Lords of Acid and Da Brats single, in early 2003, he produced and promoted his mix CD, A Night at the Booty Bar
Disco D
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Disco D at
Burning Man Decompression, 2002
32.
Extended play
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An extended play is a musical recording that contains more tracks than a single, but is usually unqualified as an album or LP. EPs generally do not contain as many tracks as albums, and are considered less expensive, an EP originally referred to specific types of vinyl records other than 78 rpm standard play and LP, but it is now applied to mid-length CDs and downloads as well. Ricardo Baca of The Denver Post said, EPs—originally extended-play single releases that are shorter than traditional albums—have long been popular with punk, in the United Kingdom, the Official Chart Company defines a boundary between EP and album classification at 25 minutes of length or four tracks. EPs were released in various sizes in different eras, the earliest multi-track records, issued around 1919 by Grey Gull Records, were vertically cut 78 rpm discs known as 2-in-1 records. These had finer than usual grooves, like Edison Disc Records, by 1949, when the 45 rpm single and 33 1⁄3 rpm LP were competing formats, seven-inch 45 rpm singles had a maximum playing time of only about four minutes per side. Partly as an attempt to compete with the LP introduced in 1948 by rival Columbia, RCA Victor introduced Extended Play 45s during 1952. Their narrower grooves, achieved by lowering the levels and sound compression optionally. These were usually 10-inch LPs split onto two seven-inch EPs or 12-inch LPs split onto three seven-inch EPs, either separately or together in gatefold covers. This practice became less common with the advent of triple-speed-available phonographs. Some classical music albums released at the beginning of the LP era were distributed as EP albums—notably the seven operas that Arturo Toscanini conducted on radio between 1944 and 1954. These opera EPs, originally broadcast on the NBC Radio network and manufactured by RCA, in the 1990s, they began appearing on compact discs. During the 1950s, RCA published several EP albums of Walt Disney movies and these usually featured the original casts of actors and actresses. Each album contained two seven-inch records, plus an illustrated booklet containing the text of the recording, so that children could follow along by reading. Some of the titles included Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Pinocchio, and what was then a recent release, because of the popularity of 7 and other formats, SP records became less popular and the production of SPs in Japan was suspended in 1963. In the 1950s and 1960s, EPs were usually compilations of singles or album samplers and were played at 45 rpm on seven-inch discs. Record Retailer printed the first EP chart in 1960, the New Musical Express, Melody Maker, Disc and Music Echo and the Record Mirror continued to list EPs on their respective singles charts. The Beatles Twist and Shout outsold most singles for some weeks in 1963, when the BBC and Record Retailer commissioned the British Market Research Bureau to compile a chart it was restricted to singles and EPs disappeared from the listings. In the Philippines, seven-inch EPs marketed as mini-LPs were introduced in 1970, with tracks selected from an album and this mini-LP format also became popular in America in the early 1970s for promotional releases, and also for use in jukeboxes
Extended play
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Extended-play vinyl record
Extended play
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Filben Maestro 78 rpm jukebox
33.
Dr. Luke
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Lukasz Sebastian Gottwald, known professionally as Dr. Luke, is an American record producer and songwriter. He came into prominence in 2004 for producing Kelly Clarksons single Since U Been Gone with Swedish record producer Max Martin. While continuing to produce for Perry, Lavigne, and Pink, Gottwald has also worked with artists, including Taio Cruz, B. o. B, Britney Spears, Nicki Minaj, Rihanna. Flo Rida, Miley Cyrus, Jessie J, Juicy J, Ne-Yo, Shakira, Dr. Luke is also noted for signing recording artists such as Kesha and Sabi and playing a vital part in their careers. In October 2014, Kesha initiated a series of lawsuits, alleging assault and abuse by Gottwald. Dr. Lukes work has been recognized with various industry awards. Music publication Billboard named him as one of the top performing producers of the 2000s, the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers awarded him Producer and Songwriter of the Year honors from 2009 to 2011. At the 53rd Grammy Awards, he was nominated for a Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Non-Classical, lukasz Sebastain Gottwald was born in Providence, Rhode Island. His father, Janusz Jerzy Gottwald, was an architect who was born in Łask, Gottwald spent many of his formative years in New York City. He had originally wanted to be a drummer, but his parents refused to allow a drum kit in the house, at 13, he picked up his older sisters guitar and taught himself how to play. As a teenager, Gottwald would listen to bad music over and over, if there was a guitar part admired, Gottwald attended the Manhattan School of Music for two years. He joined the Saturday Night Live Band as the lead guitarist in 1997 until the 2006–2007 season and he produced tracks and remixes for various artists including Arrested Development and Nappy Roots. He released the 12 single Wet Lapse, under the name Kasz, for Rawkus Records, while deejaying at a house party, Dr. Luke met producer Max Martin and subsequently gave Martin a tour of New York clubs when Martin arrived in the city. Dr. Luke owns two publishing companies, Kasz Money Publishing, for his own songs, and Prescription Songs, as of January 2011, he has garnered 21 Top 40 Billboard Hot 100 singles, becoming the producer with the third most such hits since the charts were created. He co-wrote and co-produced the Kelly Clarkson Hot 100 number two song, Since U Been Gone with Max Martin and provided the singer another hit in Behind These Hazel Eyes, subsequent songs by Pink, Who Knew and U + Ur Hand reached the Hot 100 top ten. He would go on to co-produce a number one for Avril Lavigne with the song Girlfriend as well as seven songs on the Lavigne album. He also achieved a UK number one with the song About You Now for the Sugababes, Dr. Luke contributed two songs to Katy Perrys second album, One of the Boys. Hot 100 number one, I Kissed a Girl and Hot n Cold and he also co-produced the US number one song Right Round by Flo Rida
Dr. Luke
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Dr. Luke at the ASCAP awards in Los Angeles
34.
Amanda Blank
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Amanda Blank is an American singer, rapper and member of the performance art band Sweatheart based in Philadelphia. Amanda Blank was born in Germantown, a neighborhood in northwest Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1983, amanda and her older sisters were raised in a row house in Germantown by artist parents. She is a collaborator with the rapper Spank Rock, most notably on the track Blow on the mix CD Bmore Gutter Music, further, she appeared on Bmore Gutter Music, which was produced by Aaron LaCrate and Low Budget of Hollertronix. Her songs have appeared in HBOs Life Support and the CSI, in 2007, she was featured on the official Eli Escobar and Doug Grayson remix for Britney Spearss hit single Gimme More. In early 2008, Blank was described as being part of a new crop of young, multicultural, causing a stir on the internet and in indie-label conference rooms. She was featured on the song Loose on the Spank Rock and it is reported that she is to make a guest appearance on Uffies forthcoming album in 2009. Blanks song Make It Take It appeared in a commercial for McDonalds in 2010, Blank signed to Downtown Records in 2007. She worked on her first solo album, with producers XXXChange of Spank Rock, Diplo, the album I Love You was released on August 4,2009, with her first single being Might Like You Better. Amanda Blank has opened for Canadian electroclash musician Peaches, the Yeah Yeah Yeahs, since 2013 she had been working in collaboration with Spank Rock. 2005, Bmore Gutter Music 2006, Blow 2009, I Love You 2009, Might Like You Better 2009, Shame on Me Get It Now 12 Supafreak Quicksand - A Volta - feat
Amanda Blank
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Amanda Blank in 2006
35.
Santigold
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Santi White, better known by her stage name Santigold, is an American singer and producer. Her debut album, Santogold, including the singles Creator and L. E. S, artistes, received very favorable reviews in 2008. Her second album, Master of My Make-Believe, was released in 2012, in February 2016, she released her third album 99¢. Santigold was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and she attended Germantown Friends School in Philadelphia, and later attended college at Wesleyan University, where she double-majored in music and African-American studies. White is married to Trevor Andrew, together they have a son named Radek who was born in 2014 and she obtained her pseudonym in the 1990s after a friend gave it to her as a nickname. She worked for Epic Records as an A&R representative but left the position to co-write and executive produce How I Do, the singer Ress debut album. She was the singer of Philadelphia-based punk rock band Stiffed, which released the albums Sex Sells and Burned Again, while in the band, White was offered a solo contract by Martin Heath of London-based independent label Lizard King Records. Her first singles as a soloist Creator and L. E. S, artistes received attention from Internet media outlets in 2007, and her debut album Santogold, conceived with fellow Stiffed member John Hill, was issued in April 2008. The record featured appearances and production work from Chuck Treece, Diplo, Switch, blending a variety of musical genres ranging from new wave to alternative rock and reggae, the album was very well received by critics upon release and was noted for its cross-genre confidence. Santogold was critically acclaimed by both Entertainment Weekly and Spin, while L. E. S, artistes made the number 2 position on Rolling Stones Singles of the Year list. Santogold was sixth on the magazines Albums of the Year list, Creator, along with Lights Out, appeared in commercials in the US and the UK. During the summer of 2008, she released a mixtape CD, Top Ranking, A Diplo Dub, to support Santogold, she toured with M. I. A. and Björk, and in June 2008, Coldplay invited her to be their opening act in the US. Her own US tour was called Goldrush Tour, and upon its completion, she supported Jay-Z and Kanye West on a number of their shows and she finished the tour opening for Beastie Boys for three concerts on their get-out-the-vote Swing State Tour. Before leaving the stage, she announced she was preparing to write her next album and she made a special guest appearance as Millie in an episode of the Adult Swim original NTSF, SD, SUV. In 2011, she published the song Go. which featured Karen O of the Yeah Yeah Yeahs, the track was produced by Switch, Q-Tip and herself, and NME praised it as a brittle and brilliant brawler of a track with great reverberating militaristic kettle-drum booms. She announced the follow-up to Santogold would be out in spring 2012, It was recorded in part in Jamaica and she described Master of My Make-Believe as sonically eclectic but with some epic curveballs thrown into the mix. The singer further said, I want it to be about creating your own reality, I have a song called “The Keepers”, “We’re the keepers, while we sleep in America our house is burning down. Big Mouth, the first track and video from the album was issued in late January as a free download, in February, an animated video for Disparate Youth was uploaded to her official YouTube channel
Santigold
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Santigold at
Eurockéennes, July 5, 2008
Santigold
Santigold
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Santigold at
Koko,
London, August 2008
36.
Teenage Dream (Katy Perry song)
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Teenage Dream is a song by American singer Katy Perry. It was released as the single from her third studio album of the same name on July 23,2010. Perry and Bonnie McKee wrote many songs with themes in mind. Blanco showed them The Teenagers single Homecoming, and McKee imagined Teenage Dream as a song to the euphoric feelings of being in love as a teenager. They met with Max Martin in Perrys hometown of Santa Barbara, California and started writing the track at Playback Recording Studio, after Perry recorded her vocals, McKee presented her idea and the chorus was rewritten. Perry also described the song as reminiscent of her youth while contemplating her future marriage to Russell Brand, musically, Teenage Dream is a mid-tempo pop song with a retro sound. It is styled in the genres of pop and electropop, while taking influence from other genres such as disco. Perry starts the song in a voice while her vocals grow stronger as the song progresses. Lyrically, Teenage Dream discusses being with a lover who makes one feel young again, the song has topped the Billboard Hot 100, becoming Perrys third number-one single on that chart, and her second consecutive number-one single after California Gurls. Teenage Dream has been certified seven times platinum in the United States, a music video for the song was filmed in various locations around Perrys hometown in Santa Barbara, California and was directed by Yoann Lemoine. The video showcases Perry being in love with her high school lover, Perry has performed the song on Saturday Night Live, the 2010 Teen Choice Awards, 53rd Grammy Awards and other occasions. Teenage Dream was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance, rolling Stone listed the song as the fourth best song of 2010 while Billboard declared it the second best song of the 2010s. The song is featured in the Best Buy edition of Just Dance 3, the song has been covered numerous times appearing on such as American Idol, The Voice, and Glee. When Perry and McKee first met in 2004, they both were really into Lolita and had a fascination with the adolescent state of mind. For the Teenage Dream sessions, Perry and McKee had a forever young idea in mind, Perry at first wrote a lyric about Peter Pan, but they later deemed it as too young since we wanted it to have more edge, more sex. Another version included the lines And the next thing you know / Youre a mom in a minivan, there was a final version that was based around the metaphor of trying me on comparing clothes to sex, in a similar manner to Madonnas 1985 single Dress You Up. It was rejected by the producers, as McKee explained, Luke always makes us Benny Proof everything and he says that if Benny doesnt get it, America wont get it. Blanco showed them The Teenagerss 2007 single Homecoming and asked them to write in a similar style, McKee said that looked at each other with dread, knowing we had to start all over again
Teenage Dream (Katy Perry song)
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Perry performing "Teenage Dream" at the
California Dreams Tour
Teenage Dream (Katy Perry song)
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"Teenage Dream"
Teenage Dream (Katy Perry song)
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Perry during a beach party in the music video for "Teenage Dream".
Teenage Dream (Katy Perry song)
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Perry performing "Teenage Dream" during the
California Dreams Tour in 2011
37.
Tik Tok
–
Tik Tok is the debut single by American recording artist Kesha. The song was produced by Dr. Luke and Benny Blanco and co-written by Kesha, Dr. Luke and it was released on August 7,2009, as the lead single from Keshas debut studio album, Animal. The opening line of the came from an experience where Kesha woke up surrounded by beautiful women. According to Kesha, the lyrics are representative of her and based on her life. The song is a eurodance and electropop song with elements that utilizes a techno backing uses a minimalist video-game beat interspersed with handclaps. The songs verses use a vocal style while the chorus is sung. Musically, the song has been compared to the works of Lady Gaga, Uffie, the song achieved commercial success by topping the charts in eleven countries. In the United States, the broke the record for the biggest single-week sum of all time for a female artist selling 610,000 digital downloads in one week. Tik Tok was certified 5× platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America and has sold 6.8 million copies in the United States, the song was the best-selling single worldwide in 2010, selling 12. The song was listed 56th on the Billboard Hot 100 Songs of All-time, in 2005, Lukasz Gottwald had just finished producing tracks for Kelly Clarksons album Breakaway and was looking to expand further on his writing and producing credits. Luke solicited around to different people in the music business asking for demos from unknown artists, two of the demos he received were from Katy Perry and Kesha. He was particularly taken with Keshas demos which consisted of a country ballad. The latter of the demos caught Luke off guard when she ran out of lyrics and started to rap, Im a white girl/From the Ville/Nashville, bitch. The improvisation made her out from other artists that Luke had listened to. When youre listening to 100 CDs, that kind of bravado, following this, at the age of eighteen, Kesha signed to Lukes label, Kemosabe Records, and his publishing company, Prescription Songs. After being signed to Lukes label she signed to David Sonenbergs DAS management company. While at the label she worked with record producer Greg Wells, although she was signed to Luke and his label, Kesha never took priority as he was busy with other projects at the time. It was not until 2008 when Luke was working with Flo Rida on Right Round that he pulled Kesha in to contribute, within a few months the song became a worldwide number one
Tik Tok
–
"TiK ToK"
Tik Tok
–
American rapper
P. Diddy is featured on two lines on the track. Ke$ha has called him an inspiration for writing the song.
Tik Tok
–
"Tik Tok" has commonly been compared to American singer
Lady Gaga 's (pictured) debut single, "
Just Dance " for their similar subject matter.
Tik Tok
–
Kesha rehearsing "Tik Tok" for the Much Music Video Awards on June 18, 2010.
38.
Taio Cruz
–
Jacob Taio Cruz, is a British singer, songwriter, rapper and record producer. In 2008, he released his debut album Departure, which he wrote, the album achieved certified gold status in the United Kingdom and earned him a Music of Black Origin Awards nomination. In October 2009, Cruz released his follow-up album Rokstarr, which includes the number one singles Break Your Heart, Cruz collaborated with Kesha on the single Dirty Picture, and with Kylie Minogue and Travie McCoy on his single Higher. Cruz wrote and recorded the song Telling the World as the single from the soundtrack to the 2011 animated film Rio. Cruzs third studio album, TY. O, was first released in Germany in December 2011, in 2012, Cruz co-wrote the David Guetta song Without You. In April 2015, Cruz released the first single, Do What You Like from his forthcoming Roses Collection, in late 2015, Taio added vocals to Tujamos Melbourne track, Booty Bounce which was released by Spinnin Records. Cruz was born in London, to a Nigerian father and a Brazilian mother and he attended Bilton Grange, a private prep school in Rugby, Warwickshire, and Christs Hospital, a private boarding school in Horsham, West Sussex. Cruz is the founder and chief executive of Rokstarr Music London, the single charted at #29 in the UK singles charts. It won him some admirers including Island Recordss Darcus Beese and Monte Lipman, in 2006, Cruz signed a split single deal with Universal Music Group companies, Republic Records and the UK branch of Island Records. In September 2007, Cruz released his second single Moving On, in March 2008 his next single, Come On Girl, featuring Luciana, peaked at No.5 on the UK charts. The related album Departure appeared on 17 March and peaked at No.17 and this was followed by the single I Can Be, which reached No.18 in May. On 18 August, Shes Like a Star was released, which was a remix of the single and featured American rapper Busta Rhymes. The remix later appeared on the Sugababes studio album Catfights & Spotlights and it was later revealed that Cruz narrowly missed out on the chance to record the song Umbrella which was recorded by Rihanna and ended up topping charts around the world. Cruz was featured on Tinchy Stryders breakout single Take Me Back which peaked at No.3 in the UK Singles Chart. According to Cruzs official Myspace blog, as of 1 January 2009, Rokstarr Music London changed its name to Rokstarr Entertainment Division, during 2009, he worked on his follow-up album entitled Rokstarr. It was released on 12 October through R. E. D Inc. /Island Records and is written and produced by Cruz, with co-writes and co-productions predominantly with UK producer Fraser T Smith. The albums lead single Break Your Heart was released on 14 September and reached number one in the UK, in the US it went directly from number 53 to number one, breaking the record for the largest leap of a début single. At the 2010 Brit Awards, Break Your Heart was nominated for Best British Single, the single reached the top spot in the United States for one week on the Billboard Hot 100
Taio Cruz
–
Cruz performing in 2011
Taio Cruz
–
Cruz at Tup Tup Palace nightclub,
Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. 2009.
39.
Dynamite (Taio Cruz song)
–
Dynamite is a song by English recording artist Taio Cruz for the international version of his second studio album, Rokstarr. Cruz co-wrote the song, along with Max Martin, Bonnie McKee, Benny Blanco, and Dr. Luke, the song features additional instrumentation by Cruz himself. It was released internationally as the single from Rokstarr. In the UK, the song was released as the first single from Cruzs compilation album, on 30 May 2010, it was released to US and Canadian radio stations as his second single and across Europe as his fourth single. An official remix was released featuring new label mate, Jennifer Lopez, Dynamite became Cruzs second number-one single on the UK Singles Chart and the Canadian Hot 100 as well topping charts in Belgium, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. It was featured in the 2011 live action/CGI film Hop and it is also featured on Just Dance 3. This was played at the end of Mcctcs Trash Bash 2011, the song Dynamite is written in the key of C# minor, with a tempo of 116 beats per minute. According to Cruz, The song Dynamite itself is about when you go to the club and when you go to a party and you got to feel like, Im just gonna explode. Dr. Luke and Max Martin had written the melody, McKee only met Cruz months after the songs release, and later said that “I thought was the dumbest song I had ever written and thought it was going nowhere. And I actually think it was biggest song I have written so far. ”The song was released in the UK on 23 August 2010, the song has met with mixed to positive reviews from contemporary music critics. The New Yorker critic Sasha Frere-Jones named the song as his favorite of 2010. Dynamite debuted at number 26 on the Billboard Hot 100 and at number 13 on the Digital Songs chart, selling 83,000 copies in its opening week. The single rose to number 14 on the week ending 10 July 2010 and on the week ending 21 August 2010, the song kept this position for three consecutive weeks, blocked from the top position by Eminems Love the Way You Lie featuring Rihanna. It also became Cruzs second consecutive number one single on Billboards Hot Dance Airplay chart in its 21 August 2010 issue. Dynamite charted on the Billboard Hot 100 for 47 weeks, making it the longest run for a single since Trains Hey Soul Sister, as of May 2012, it has sold over 6 million digital copies in the US alone. This marks the first song by a British act to reach this plateau, the song to do so. The single debuted on the Canadian Hot 100 at number eight on the week ending 17 June 2010, the following week the single fell to number nine, where it remained at for four consecutive weeks. On the week ending 18 September 2010, the peaked at number one, becoming Cruzs second Canadian number one single
Dynamite (Taio Cruz song)
–
"Dynamite"
Dynamite (Taio Cruz song)
40.
Moves like Jagger
–
The song was written by Adam Levine, Ammar Malik, Benjamin Levin, and Shellback, the latter two are also the producers. Moves Like Jagger is a dance-pop and electropop song and is backed by synths, the lyrics refer to a males ability to impress a love interest with his dance moves, which he compares to those of Mick Jagger, lead singer of The Rolling Stones. Moves Like Jagger was well received by critics, who praised the songs chorus. Praise also went to the vocals of Levine and Aguilera, with pointing out solid chemistry between the two. Likewise, the song was a success, going on to top the charts in over 18 countries. In the United States, Moves Like Jagger became the bands second, worldwide, it was the ninth-best-selling digital single of 2011 with sales of 7 million copies. As of 2016, the ranks as one of the eight best-selling digital singles of all time with sales of over 15 million copies. The music video was directed by Jonas Åkerlund, the video features an old video footage of Jagger and his iconic dance moves. Moves Like Jagger was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance at the 54th Grammy Awards but lost to Body and Soul by Tony Bennett, the song was first performed in June 2011 on an episode of The Voice. Moves like Jagger was written and produced by Juan and Karthikeya while additional writing was done by Adam Levine, when asked about the song, Levine said, It was one of those songs that was definitely a risk, its a bold statement. Weve never really released a song like that, but its exciting to do something different, do something new. Im just happy everyone likes it, Moves like Jagger is a dance-pop and electropop song, with elements of disco, pop, rock and soul. It features a throbbing synth, fast-paced beat and electronic drums, robbie Daw from Idolator wrote that Moves like Jagger slightly echoes The Rolling Stones chart-topping 1978 classic Miss You, and added that Levine’s voice is distorted via Auto-Tune on the chorus. The song is introduced by a melody and light, funky guitar in the key of B minor with a tempo of 128 beats per minute. Bill Lamb from About. com gave the song a positive review, Lamb wrote that, The funky, whistle driven melody here is loose, light, and irresistibly funky. The punchy guest vocal from fellow judge Christina Aguilera is simply icing on the cake, there is a real vocal chemistry between Aguilera and Levine. Lamb called the song a summer song, writing that It is light, danceable. Robbie Daw from Idolator wrote that It takes a two minutes and 15 seconds for Christinas soulful pipes to begin trilling on Moves like Jagger
Moves like Jagger
–
The song made Aguilera only the second female artist to have a number one single in the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s, along with
Britney Spears.
Moves like Jagger
–
"Moves like Jagger"
Moves like Jagger
–
Levine and Aguilera singing together in the music video.
41.
Gym Class Heroes
–
Gym Class Heroes is an American band from Geneva, New York, United States. The group formed in 1997 when Travie McCoy met drummer Matt McGinley during their high school gym class, the bands music displays a wide variety of influences, including hip hop, rock, funk, and reggae. The group gained a strong fanbase while promoting the album, appearing at such as The Bamboozle. In 2006, the released the gold-selling album As Cruel as School Children. Since that release, the bands single Cupids Chokehold reached No.4 on the Billboard Hot 100, peaked at No.5 in the United Kingdom. On September 9,2008, Gym Class Heroes released their album, The Quilt. The band went on hiatus in 2009, a time in which the members pursued side projects. McCoy released his debut album Lazarus in June 2010. Lumumba-Kasongo has been working on his side-project Soul, while McGinley now drums in the rock group Kill the Frontman, the group released The Papercut Chronicles II on November 15,2011. It has since become one of their most successful albums to date, MC Travie McCoy and drummer Matt McGinley became friends at their local high school in ninth grade in Geneva, New York. They officially came together in 1997, the band formed when bassist Ryan Geise and drummer Matt McGinley were performing at a party in an instrumental band with no vocals. McCoy, who was in attendance at the party, took the microphone onstage, a week later, the group came together and started making music. The original group began playing college parties and BBQs, birthday parties, clubs, McCoy won MTVs Direct Effect MC Battle and as a prize, appeared in Styles Ps video Daddy Get That Cash. The group had three releases from 1999 to 2004, Hed Candy, Greasy Kid Stuff, and. For the Kids. In 2003 the band recorded the album The Papercut Chronicles while on tour, at this time, guitarist Milo Bonacci parted ways with the band and was replaced with current guitarist Disashi Lumumba-Kasongo, who was attending Cornell University at the time. On the first day the band began to rehearse with Lumumba-Kasongo, Cupids Chokehold was written, which would become the albums first single. McGinley recalled, We just had intentions of working him in on old songs, the group released the four-song Papercut Chronicles EP before finally releasing The Papercut Chronicles in February 2005. After Eric Roberts replaced Ryan Geise on bass, the group toured constantly throughout 2005, appearing at the years SXSW, The Bamboozle, Music videos were filmed for the songs Taxi Driver and yes
Gym Class Heroes
–
Gym Class Heroes in Berlin in 2008
Gym Class Heroes
–
Gym Class Heroes performing at
Warped Tour on June 20, 2008.
42.
Stereo Hearts
–
Stereo Hearts is a song by American group Gym Class Heroes featuring Adam Levine, lead singer of band Maroon 5. The song was released on June 15,2011 as the single from the groups fifth studio album. Stereo Hearts, produced by Benny Blanco and Robopop begins with Maroon 5s Adam Levine singing the hook, My hearts a stereo / It beats for you, so listen close/ Hear my thoughts in every note. / Make me your radio / Turn me up when you feel low / This melody was meant for you / So sing along to my stereo, mcCoy then raps about serenading his ideal girl and picking love over animosity, all the while relaying the message using music-based metaphors. Additional Fender Rhodes was played by Austin Bis at Chalice Recording Studios in Los Angeles, the video shows the band playing in the city of New York and their shadows are playing on the ground. The video has the feel of a 1980s setting, with a breakdancer and several payphones seen and it prominently features a pawn shop with a stack of old-fashioned boomboxes and TV sets, on which Adam Levine appears when he is singing the chorus. The lyric video for the song received millions of views in the first month of its release, the video stars actress Breana McDow and was directed by music video director Djay Brawner. MTVs James Montgomery described it as a slab of genre-mashing, sweat-inducing pop. Becky Bain of Idolator called it a head-nodding jam and an instantly memorable signal that Gym Class is back in session, lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
Stereo Hearts
–
"Stereo Hearts"
43.
3OH!3
–
3OH.3 is an American electronic music duo from Boulder, Colorado, made up of Sean Foreman and Nathaniel Motte. They are best known for their single Dont Trust Me from their album Want and their second single, a remix of Starstrukk featuring Katy Perry from Want, was a top ten hit in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Finland, Poland, and Australia. They gained further recognition by featuring Kesha on the song My First Kiss, the album later peaked at number seven on the Billboard 200. 3OH.3 consists of Sean Foreman, born August 27,1985, Foreman and Motte started their band in 2004 and named it after the 303 area code of Boulder, Colorado. They released their first self-titled album, 3OH.3 in 2007 and it spawned one successful single, 3OH.3 then signed to Photo Finish Records, a division of Atlantic Records and planned to start recording their second album. It is theorized that the two started dating after the album was released, 3OH. 3s second album, Want, was released on July 8,2008. It reached number 44 on the Billboard 200 and their song, Dont Trust Me reached number seven on the Billboard Hot 100. The group contributed an original song titled Sex on the Beach for The Real World. 3OH.3 also wrote an anthem for Major League Baseballs Colorado Rockies, as they were getting started they performed at local venues around Colorado such as the Fox Theatre in Boulder, Colorado and the Aggie Theater in Ft. Collins, Colorado. After playing in Denver during the Warped Tour 2008, 3OH.3 signed on for all venues of Warped Tour 2008. The band later headlined the 2009 Alternative Press Tour across the U. S. 3OH.3 played at End Fest in Sacramento, California and they played at Kiss The Summer Hello 2009 at Coca-Cola Field in Buffalo, New York, June 3,2009. 3OH.3 joined the Warped Tour once again in 2009, in summer 2009 they appeared at the Reading/Leeds festivals in the UK. They performed between award presentations at the MTV Video Music Awards 2009 on September 13, the duo was featured in a 14-page photo spread in Cliché Magazines Green Issue in August 2009. They released a remix of their hit single, Starstrukk. It was a top ten hit in the United Kingdom, Australia, Ireland, Belgium, a new song, Follow Me Down, was written for the compilation album for the film Alice in Wonderland with Neon Hitch. The pair also supported All Time Low, Boys Like Girls, Third Eye Blind, prior to the release of Streets of Gold, 30H.3 was featured on the track Hey by Lil Jon on his album, Crunk Rock in 2010. They were also featured on the Kesha song Blah Blah Blah, on February 5,2010, it was announced that Cobra Starship and 3OH.3 would be embarking on a co-headlining tour called The Too Fast for Love Tour featuring labelmates I Fight Dragons. The two-month tour covered more than 25 cities, including a date in their state of Colorado
3OH!3
–
3OH!3 at Bamboozle in 2008
3OH!3
–
3OH!3's hand gesture logo that resulted in litigation from professional wrestler Diamond Dallas Page.
44.
Music recording sales certification
–
Music recording sales certification is a system of certifying that a music recording has shipped or sold a certain number of copies. The threshold quantity varies by type and by nation or territory, almost all countries follow variations of the RIAA certification categories, which are named after precious materials. The number of sales or shipments required for these awards depends upon the population of the territory in which the recording is released, typically, they are awarded only to international releases and are awarded individually for each country in which the album is sold. Different sales levels, some perhaps 10 times lower than others, the original gold record awards were presented to artists by their own record companies to publicize their sales achievements. The first of these was awarded by RCA Victor to Glenn Miller and His Orchestra in February 1942, another example of a company award is the gold record awarded to Elvis Presley in 1956 for one million units sold of his single Dont Be Cruel. The first gold record for an LP was awarded by RCA Victor to Harry Belafonte in 1957 for the album Calypso and these sales were restricted to U. S. -based record companies and did not include exports to other countries. For albums in 1968, this would mean shipping approximately 250,000 units, the platinum certification was introduced in 1976 for the sale of one million units, album or single, with the gold certification redefined to mean sales of 500,000 units, album or single. No album was certified platinum prior to this year, for instance, the recording by Van Cliburn of the Tchaikovsky Piano Concerto from 1958 would eventually be awarded a platinum citation, but this would not happen until two decades after its release. In 1999, the certification was introduced for sales of ten million units. On 14 March 1958, the RIAA certified its first gold record, soundtrack was certified as the first gold album four months later. In 1976, RIAA introduced the platinum certification, first awarded to Johnnie Taylors single, Disco Lady, as music sales increased with the introduction of compact discs, the RIAA created the Multi-Platinum award in 1984. Diamond awards, honoring those artists whose sales of singles or albums reached 10,000,000 copies, were introduced in 1999 and this became much less common once the majority of retail sales became paid digital downloads and digital streaming. In most countries certifications no longer apply solely to physical media, in June 2006, the RIAA also certified the ringtone downloads of songs. Streaming from on-demand services such as Rhapsody and Spotify has been included into existing digital certification in the U. S since 2013, in the U. S. and Germany video streaming services like YouTube, VEVO, and Yahoo. Music also began to be counted towards the certification, in both cases using the formula of 100 streams being equivalent to one download, other countries, such as Denmark and Spain, maintain separate awards for digital download singles and streaming. The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry was founded in 1996, and grants the IFPI Platinum Europe Award for album sales over one million within Europe, multi-platinum Europe Awards are presented for sales in subsequent multiples of one million. Eligibility is unaffected by time, and is not restricted to European-based artists, IMPALA sales awards were launched in 2005 as the first sales awards recognising that success on a pan-European basis begins well before sales reach one million. The award levels are Silver, Double Silver, Gold, Double Gold, Diamond, Platinum, below are certification thresholds for the United States and United Kingdom
Music recording sales certification
–
A gold record for
The Beatles '
Hey Jude
Music recording sales certification
–
Gold record presented to
Artie Schroeck for his arrangement on "
Can't Take My Eyes Off You ", 1967
Music recording sales certification
–
Boy band
Plus One displaying their gold records.
Music recording sales certification
–
Somali singer
Saado Ali Warsame receiving a gold record Lifetime Achievement Award.
45.
Overexposed (album)
–
Overexposed is the fourth studio album by the American band Maroon 5, released on June 20,2012, by A&M Octone Records. The band worked with different producers, such as Max Martin, the bands guitarist and Levines usual co-writer James Valentine only has four credits on the album. The accompanying artwork, created by LA artist Young & Sick, is a collage of illustrations seemingly inspired by the likes of Picasso. Its title is an allusion to Levines ubiquity, while its sound is a reflection of how the group wishes to retain the large audience they won once again with Moves Like Jagger. The albums lead single Payphone, featuring rapper Wiz Khalifa, produced by Shellback and Benny Blanco, was released and performed on The Voice on April 16,2012. The song was a success, reaching two on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, as well as on the ARIA Charts, while it topped the UK Singles Chart, Canadian Hot 100. The second single, One More Night, was released on June 19,2012, the song topped the Billboard Hot 100 for nine weeks, becoming their longest Hot 100 reign. All four singles released from Overexposed have reached the Hot 100 top-ten, the album received a mixed reception from music critics. Some praised the album, calling it their strongest effort, but others criticized the direction the band decided to take, additionally, critics and fans alike perceived the album as overly focused on Levine. It debuted at number 2 on the UK Albums Chart, selling 38,000 copies, to promote the album, the band started the Overexposed Tour, which lasted from 2012 to 2014. In September 2010, the released their third studio album. While preparing the album, the received a phone call from Robert John Mutt Lange, who had heard the band were beginning to write a new record. The album received favorable reviews from music critics and debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 chart. Valentine further commented, It would be nice to start working on record next year. I think with the last two records, its been a little bit unbalanced, in that we had so much success, in a perfect world wed tour for six months and maybe record for six months, but thats not the way it works. But the whole point is to more music, and if anything you can spend too much time out there. Valentine also said the band has tons of material available, including holdovers including songs from Hands All Over, I think everybodys been pretty busy compiling ideas for the next one, he stated. With technology and the capacity we have on our laptops
Overexposed (album)
–
According to
Adam Levine,
Hands All Over experienced moderate commercial success because of its sound and the location in which it was recorded (
Vevey, Switzerland).
Overexposed (album)
–
Overexposed
Overexposed (album)
–
According to
Ryan Tedder, Overexposed contains a fresh sound.
46.
Payphone (song)
–
Payphone is a song performed by American pop rock band Maroon 5 featuring American rapper Wiz Khalifa. The song was released on April 17,2012, as the single from their fourth studio album. The song was written by Adam Levine, Benny Blanco, Ammar Malik, Robopop, Shellback and Khalifa and produced by Blanco, the song is a pop ballad and describes a romance that ended abruptly. It has received reviews from music critics, who praised the catchy melody and named it a radio success. Because of this, he must escape from a fleet of policemen, the video was positively received from critics, who considered it an enjoyable mini-action film. On the Billboard Hot 100, the song debuted at the three spot before peaking at number two. The song sold 493,000 copies in its first week, becoming the best sales week for a song by a group. It peaked at one in Canada for eight consecutive weeks. It also topped the charts in the United Kingdom, making it the bands first ever single to do so, Payphone was the worlds fifth best-selling single of 2012 with 9.5 million copies sold. Levine, Blanco, Shellback, and Malik also wrote the previous single Moves Like Jagger. The writing process started when Malik and Robopop constructed a piano line and they gave it to Levine, who wrote the lyrics. Blanco also wanted to throw a wrench into the Maroon 5 works by adding hip-hop flavor to the its sound, I love when things dont make sense, like and you dont hear him on the song at all. I like when bands dip into a different genre. For this, he commissioned Wiz Khalifa to write and rap a verse on Payphone, in an interview with Rolling Stone, Blanco told that five minutes before Khalifa arrived at the studio, he prepared the sound beds for the finger snap-driven portion of the jam. However, producer Max Martin, who was the producer of Overexposed, adjusted the chorus. Shellback recorded Payphone at Conway Studios in Los Angeles alongside Noah Mailbox Pasovoy, john Hanes mixed the song at Mixstar Studios in Virginia Beach and Phil Seaford was the mixing assistant. Jeremy Jbogs Levin and David D Silb Silberstein served as production coordinators, Khalifa appears as courtesy of Rostrum Records. Payphone was released as a single from Overexposed
Payphone (song)
–
A still from the video, where Adam Levine is at a phone booth, making a call from a payphone.
Payphone (song)
–
"Payphone"
Payphone (song)
47.
Ariana Grande
–
Ariana Grande-Butera, known as Ariana Grande, is an American singer and actress. She began her career in the Broadway musical 13, before landing the role of Cat Valentine on the Nickelodeon television series Victorious in 2009, the show ended after four seasons, and Grande starred on the spinoff, Sam & Cat, which ended in 2014. She has also appeared in theatre, television and film roles. Grandes music career began with the soundtrack Music from Victorious and she signed a recording contract with Republic Records and released her debut studio album, Yours Truly in 2013, which debuted at No.1 on the US Billboard 200. The albums lead single, The Way, debuted in the top 10 of the Billboard Hot 100, Grandes second studio album, My Everything, debuted at No.1 in the US and charted in the top 10 in various other countries. In 2015, Grande promoted My Everything with her first world tour, The Honeymoon Tour, and guest-starred in the Fox comedy horror television series, Scream Queens. She also released the single Focus, which debuted at No.7 in the US, and a holiday EP album, Christmas & Chill, in 2016, she released her third studio album, Dangerous Woman, as well as several songs from the album. The title track debuted at No.10 on the Billboard Hot 100, the album debuted at No.2 on the Billboard 200. As of January 2017, Grandes music videos had been viewed a total of more than 7 billion times online, All three of her albums have been certified platinum or better by the RIAA. In 2016, Time named Grande one of the 100 most influential people in the world on the annual Time 100 list, Grande has a large following on social media, including the 2nd most followed Instagram account. In 2017, Grande is touring in North America and then Europe and her name was originally inspired by Princess Oriana from Felix the Cat. She has an older half-brother, Frankie Grande, who is an actor, dancer and producer, Grandes family moved from New York to Florida when her mother was pregnant with Grande, and her parents separated when she was around 8 or 9 years old. As a child, Grande performed with the Fort Lauderdale Childrens Theater, playing her first role as Annie, as well as performing in the musicals The Wizard of Oz and Beauty and she attended Pine Crest School and North Broward Preparatory School. By age 13, she became serious about pursuing a music career, who is going to buy a 14-year-olds R&B album. In 2008, Grande was cast in the role of cheerleader Charlotte in the musical 13 on Broadway. When she joined the musical, Grande left her school, North Broward Preparatory School. The school sent materials to her so she could study with tutors and she also sang various times at the New York City jazz club, Birdland. Grande auditioned for the Nickelodeon television show Victorious in New York along with 13 co-star Elizabeth Gillies in 2009, in this sitcom set in a performing arts high school, Grande was cast as Cat Valentine
Ariana Grande
–
Grande performing at the
Amalie Arena in December 2013
Ariana Grande
–
Grande performing with the
Victorious cast, May 2011
Ariana Grande
–
Grande in July 2011
Ariana Grande
–
Grande at the
Worldwide Day of Play in 2013
48.
Lana Del Rey
–
Elizabeth Woolridge Grant, better known by her stage name Lana Del Rey, is an American singer, songwriter, and model. Her music has been noted for its style, its preoccupation with themes of tragic romance and melancholia. Del Rey received further recognition after her major-label debut Born to Die peaked at two on the United States charts and was the fifth best-selling album of 2012. Three of the EPs tracks were featured in her short film Tropico, in 2014, Del Rey released her third studio album, Ultraviolence, which received positive critical and commercial reception, it became her first number-one record in the United States. In 2015, following a North American tour with Courtney Love and Grimes, Del Rey released her studio album. It also received critical and commercial response, the album had the fourth highest first week sales by a female artist in 2015. Del Rey is set to release her studio album, titled Lust for Life. She has one sister, Caroline Grant, and one brother. Her paternal grandfather, Robert England Grant, Sr. was a Kidder, Peabody & Co. investment banker, a president for Plough, Inc and Textron. Del Rey grew up in rural Lake Placid, New York, and attended a Catholic elementary school and for one year and she began singing in her church choir when she was a child, where she was the cantor. At age fifteen, she was sent to Kent School by her parents to deal with her rampant alcohol abuse, her uncle, before becoming a singer, Del Rey wanted to be a poet. As a child, her father wrote country songs for personal enjoyment, while her mother was interested in singing, during this time, Del Reys uncle taught her how to play guitar, and she realized could probably write a million songs with those six chords. Shortly after, she began writing songs and performing in nightclubs around the city under various names such as Sparkle Jump Rope Queen and Lizzy Grant, I was always singing, but didnt plan on pursuing it seriously, Del Rey said. The following fall, she enrolled at Fordham University where she majored in philosophy, Del Rey said she chose to study the subject because it bridged the gap between God and science. I was interested in God and how technology could bring us closer to finding out where we came from, according to Del Rey, she had trouble making friends in boarding school and college, and said, that was when my musical experience began. I kind of people for myself. After college, she moved to Brooklyn, where she resided for four years. On April 25,2005, a compact disc was registered under Elizabeth Woolridge Grant with the United States Copyright Office
Lana Del Rey
–
Del Rey performing during the Planeta Terra Music Festival in Brazil, 2013
Lana Del Rey
–
Del Rey performing at
Coachella in 2014
Lana Del Rey
–
Del Rey performing at the
Bowery Ballroom in 2011
Lana Del Rey
–
Del Rey at a fan meet promoting Born to Die in
Seattle, Washington, 2012
49.
Miguel (singer)
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Miguel Jontel Pimentel, better known as Miguel, is an American singer, songwriter, record producer and actor. Raised in Los Angeles, he began creating music at age thirteen, after signing to Jive Records in 2007, Miguel released his debut studio album, All I Want Is You, in November 2010. Although it was underpromoted and performed poorly upon its release, the became a sleeper hit. After Jives dissolution in 2011, he moved to RCA Records and released his studio album. On June 29,2015, Miguel released his studio album, Wildheart. Miguel incorporates R&B, funk, hip hop, rock and electronic styles into his music, Miguel was born and raised in San Pedro, Los Angeles, California. He is one of two born to a Mexican American father and an African American mother. Miguels parents divorced when he was eight years old, at a young age, Miguel was introduced to the older R&B his mother listened to, and his fathers musical tastes, including funk, hip hop, jazz and classic rock. At age five, Miguel wanted to become a dancer, however, at 13 he began pursuing a career in music. At 14, he was writing songs and developing ideas with a recorder he took from his uncle. Miguel is also high school friends with rapper Blu, who also lived in San Pedro. Miguel signed a deal with Drop Squad in 2000. In 2004, he auditioned to be part of the group Fatty Koo, later in 2004, Miguel was signed by independent record label Black Ice and started working on his studio album, Young & Free. It was scheduled to be released on November 30,2006, Black Ice released the single Getcha Hands Up with a video debut on 106 & Park, but Miguel decided to change his sound and image and walked away from Black Ice Records. He later said in an interview for LA Weekly, We shot a video, I have a fitted hat on and a white T-shirt and baggy jeans. I was 19 years old and it was the first time anyone had given me money. For nearly a year, Miguels manager at the time submitted several songs to music mogul Mark Pitts, record that no one was ever supposed to hear—Pitts scheduled a meeting with Miguel in October 2007. The following month, Miguel signed a contract with Jive Records
Miguel (singer)
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Miguel Performing in 2013
Miguel (singer)
50.
Halsey (singer)
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Ashley Nicolette Frangipane, known professionally as Halsey, is an American singer and songwriter. In 2014, she signed her first recording contract with Astralwerks and released her debut EP and her debut studio album, Badlands, was released in 2015. Her professional name, Halsey, is a reference to the Halsey Street station of the New York City Subway in Brooklyn as well as an anagram of her first name, Halsey was born as Ashley Frangipane in Clark, New Jersey, where she was raised. She is the daughter of Nicole, who works for security in a hospital, and Chris Frangipane and she is of Italian, Hungarian, and Irish descent on her mothers side and African-American on her fathers side. Halsey has two brothers, Sevian and Dante. Growing up, Halsey played the violin, viola, and cello until moving onto the guitar when she was 14. In one of her first interviews, Halsey stated she was diagnosed bipolar disorder around the age of 16 or 17. When she was 18, Halsey encountered financial trouble and music became a way to pay her rent and she played numerous acoustic shows in different cities under various stage names. She chose Halsey as her moniker because it is an anagram of her name as well as a street in Brooklyn where she spent a lot of time as a teenager. Halsey originally planned on going to college to major in fine arts, in an interview, Halsey allegedly used the term tri-bi to identify herself, although she has since distanced herself from it, claiming she was misquoted. Halsey began her career by posting cover songs on YouTube under her real name, in 2012, she recorded a parody of Taylor Swifts I Knew You Were Trouble called The Haylor Song about Swifts relationship with One Direction member Harry Styles, and posted it on her Tumblr account. In 2014, Halsey recorded a song called Ghost and posted it on SoundCloud, the song gained Halsey attention and she signed with the Astralwerks record label. She subsequently released her debut EP titled Room 93 on October 27,2014, four of the five songs on the extended play contained an accompanying video. Halsey toured with The Kooks in 2014 as the opening act, at South by Southwest in 2015, Halsey was the most talked about performer of the festival on Twitter. Through March and April 2015, Halsey led a tour with Young Rising Sons. She also supported Imagine Dragons on the Smoke + Mirrors Tour during the North American leg between June and August 2015 and her debut album, Badlands, was released on August 28,2015. In an interview, Halsey described Badlands as an angry feminist record, in an interview with Billboard in June 2015, Halsey announced that she had already begun writing material for her second studio album. To promote her music, Halsey has been featured in a few interviews and performances, including The Late Show with Stephen Colbert, the album included three singles, with the third Colors released on 7 and as a five track remix EP Complementary Colors
Halsey (singer)
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Halsey performing in 2015.
51.
Camila Cabello
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Karla Camila Cabello Estrabao, better known as Camila Cabello, is a Cuban-Mexican singer-songwriter. As part of the girl group Fifth Harmony, Cabello and her bandmates released one EP and her departure from the group was announced in December 2016. As a lead artist, Cabello has released two singles reached the top 20 on the US Billboard Hot 100, I Know What You Did Last Summer with Shawn Mendes. Cabello was born in Cojimar, Cuba to Sinuhe and Alejandro Cabello, for most of her early life, she and her family moved back and forth between Cojimar and Mexico City, Mexico, before relocating to Miami, Florida at age 5. Camila Cabello auditioned for The X Factor in Greensboro, North Carolina and they signed a joint deal with Syco Music, owned by Simon Cowell, and Epic Records, L. A. Reids record label, after finishing in third place on the show. The group released the EP Better Together along with the albums Reflection, from 2013 through the end of 2016, Cabello performed in various Fifth Harmony tours. On December 18,2016, the group announced Cabellos departure and she appeared in a previously taped performance with the group on Dick Clarks New Years Rockin Eve. In November 2015, Cabello released a duet with Canadian singer Shawn Mendes titled I Know What You Did Last Summer, the song charted at number 20 in the US and 18 in Canada. It was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America, on October 14,2016, Cabello released a joint single with American rapper Machine Gun Kelly called Bad Things, which has reached a peak of number four on the US Billboard Hot 100. Cabello was included on Times The 25 Most Influential Teens of 2016 list, on January 25,2017, Love Incredible, a collaboration with Norwegian DJ Cashmere Cat leaked online. The official version of the song was released on 16 February 2017 and it is set to be released on Cashmere Cats upcoming album,9. Cabello is featured in Hey Ma, a collaboration with Pitbull and J Balvin for The Fate of the Furious, the Hey Ma single and music video were released on March 10,2017. In June 2016, Cabello with producer Benny Blanco and members of the arts organization OMG Everywhere. Camila has also partnered with the Childrens Health Fund, a dedicated to providing healthcare to low-income children
Camila Cabello
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Fifth Harmony performing in 2013
Camila Cabello
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Fifth Harmony performing on their Harmonize America Tour, August 2013.
52.
Tory Lanez
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Daystar Peterson, better known by his stage name Tory Lanez, is a Canadian hip hop recording artist. He received major recognition from the mixtape Lost Cause and the singles, Say It, and Luv, which peaked at number 23, in 2015, Tory Lanez signed to Mad Love Records and Interscope Records. Lanez released his studio album, I Told You on August 19,2016. Daystar Peterson was born on July 27,1992, in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, the family was based in Montreal, before moving to Miami, Florida. Daystar was known to practice and refine his skills throughout his childhood. Following his mothers death, his father working as an ordained minister and missionary. Daystars father later remarried and the moved to Atlanta, Georgia, where Daystar met his friend Hakeem. In 2006, he was sent to live with older brother, Orane Forrest, in Jamaica, Queens, New York, Daystar then was forced to return to Toronto with his grandmother. Since she refused to care of him, he was on his own at the age of 15. I ended up moving downtown with these three dudes that I didn’t really know, I came into the house and I didn’t realize how things worked. From like fifteen to eighteen, I was just fighting them and it was every man for himself. That’s what made me a man, having to fend for myself and being in a situation there is no dad, no grandma. It changed the person that I am today, he says and he then once again started rapping, before giving himself a nickname, Notorious, and adopted into his new moniker Tory Lanez. At the age of 16, Daystar dropped out of the tenth grade, at the age of 17, Daystar began singing, which he found an interest in. However, he had never received any vocal training, Daystar also goes by the name Argentina Fargo. In an interview, he said When I put foreign and banking together, i’m a Canadian dude, walking around America. When you look at me, it’s like looking at foreign money, so I call myself Argentina Fargo—like foreign money. In 2009, Tory Lanez released his mixtape, T. L2 T. O
Tory Lanez
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Tory Lanez performing in March 2014
53.
Cashmere Cat
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The Bengal is a domestic cat breed developed to look like exotic jungle cats such as leopards, ocelots, margays and clouded leopards. The name Bengal cat was derived from the name of the Asian leopard cat. They have an appearance with large spots/rosettes/arrowheads, and a light/white belly. Once separated by at least four generations from the original ALC × domestic cat crossing, Bengal cats are generally a bright orange to light brown colour, although pale or off-white snow Bengals also exist, and are popular among owners. The earliest mention of an Asian leopard cat × domestic cross was in 1889, boden Kloss wrote to the magazine Cat Gossip regarding hybrids between wild and domestic cats in Malaya, I have never heard of hybrids between bengalensis and domestic cats. One of the tribes of the Malay Peninsula has domesticated cats, and I have seen the woman suckling bengalensis kittens. The earliest mention of a confirmed ALC × domestic cross was in 1934, and in 1941, a Japanese cat publication printed an article about one that was kept as a pet. In the 1970s, Willard Centerwall bred ALCs with domestic cats to aid his studies in genetics because of their apparent immunity to feline leukemia, eventually, these hybrids were given to Jean Sudgen Mill because of Centerwalls illness. At the same time, Bill Engler wanted to preserve the exotic cats genes by breeding them with house cats. Although none of todays Bengal lines originate from these cats, he chose the name Bengal, which was accepted by the American Cat Fanciers Association, Jean Mill was instrumental in recognition of Bengals as a breed by The International Cat Association in 1983. Her plan was not to keep the breed as a hybrid, greg and Elizabeth Kent were also early breeders, who developed their own line of Bengals using ALCs and Egyptian Maus. This was a successful line and many modern Bengals will find it in their pedigree. The UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, DEFRA, Bengal cats have wild-looking markings, such as large spots, rosettes, and a light/white belly, and a body structure reminiscent of the leopard cat. A Bengals rosetted spots occur only on the back and sides, the breed typically also features mascara, and foreleg striping. The eyes of a Bengal cat are relatively large and are bright blue or green. The Bengal cat is usually classed as brown-spotted or snow-spotted. Within brown Bengals, there are marble or spotted markings. Included in the variation is rosetted, which consists of a spot with a dark line surrounding it
Cashmere Cat
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Bengal cat
Cashmere Cat
Cashmere Cat
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A Bengal cat displaying spotting and rosetting pattern typical of the breed: Rosetted spots occur only on the back and sides, with stripes elsewhere.
Cashmere Cat
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A male Bengal cat: Note the "mascara" (horizontal striping alongside the eyes) and foreleg striping, both typical of the breed.
54.
Rixton (band)
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Rixton are a British pop rock band that formed in Manchester, England in 2012. They are signed by Scooter Brauns SB Projects, the band was established in 2012 as Relics before changing their name to Rixton. Their debut single Me and My Broken Heart charted internationally, the band consists of Jake Roche, Danny Wilkin, Charley Bagnall and Lewi Morgan. Jake Roche and Danny Wilkin started writing together after they left school and they were later joined by Charley Bagnall through mutual friends and finally Lewi Morgan was the last addition to the band after meeting Jake through a girl he was seeing at the time. Roche had heard The Nolans – of which his mother was a member – performing Have Yourself A Merry Little Christmas when he was four, for this performance, Rixton wore elf ears and created what Roche called more of a comedy sketch. Scooter Braun saw this and offered to sign Rixton, the video was released on 22 October 2013 but it was never released as an official single. The bands debut single, Me and My Broken Heart, was released on 11 March 2014, Me and My Broken Heart was released to radio on 11 March 2014 and made its premiere on KIIS FM in Los Angeles during one of JoJo Wrights shows. It has charted in Australia, Sweden, the United States, Me and My Broken Heart went gold 27 May 2014 and Rixton was awarded their first gold plaque on 29 May 2014 in New York City. Their first extended play, also titled Me and My Broken Heart followed on 18 March 2014, an album is underway for release through School Boy, Giant Little Man, Mad Love and Interscope Records later in 2014. Justin Bieber joined the group on stage at the SXSW Festival on 10 March 2014 and this was followed shortly after by a UK tour in November 2014. In addition, they played a pop up gig in New York which required police attendance to control the crowds and they will open up for Ariana Grande on The Honeymoon Tour during the North American dates. The debut album Let the Road was released on 8 March 2015 and it only peaked at number 19 on the UK Albums Chart. Official website Rixton on Facebook Rixton on Twitter Rixton on Instagram
Rixton (band)
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Rixton after performing at the
Click 98.9 New Artist Showcase in August 2014
55.
Jessie Ware
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Jessica Lois Jessie Ware is an English singer and songwriter. Her debut studio album Devotion peaked at five on the UK Albums Chart. Her follow-up record, Tough Love, reached number nine in the United Kingdom, Ware has sung vocals for Joker and SBTRKT, in concert and on their recordings. Ware was born in Queen Charlottes Hospital in Hammersmith, London and she is the daughter of Helena, a social worker, and John Ware, a BBC Panorama reporter, who divorced when she was 10, and she is the younger sister of British actress Hannah Ware. Wares mother is Jewish and she was raised in the faith, Ware was educated at Alleyns School, a co-educational independent school in Dulwich in South London, followed by the University of Sussex, where she took a degree in English literature. After her studies, Ware briefly worked as a journalist at The Jewish Chronicle, did sports journalism at The Daily Mirror, there, she was a colleague of Erika Leonard, otherwise known as E. L. James, the author of Fifty Shades of Grey. In the years prior to releasing her first solo album, Ware did backing vocals at live shows for Jack Peñate and it gave me a taste of what to expect, and it prepared me for what I’m doing now. It was one of Peñates bandmates, Tic, who first introduced Ware to SBTRKT, Ware and she consequently met Sampha, best known as SBTRKTs main collaborator and live member. They created Valentine together, which was released on a special edition, Valentine was partly inspired by James Blakes song The Wilhelm Scream and based on their own personal experiences in love. The music video for Valentine was directed by Marcus Söderlund, Nervous, Valentine and an additional collaboration with DJ Joker led Ware to a record deal with PMR Records. She also featured on Ceremonials, the 2011 album by Florence, on 14 October 2011, Ware released her debut solo single Strangest Feeling on limited 10 purple vinyl, although the song did not chart in the United Kingdom. She then released Running on 24 February 2012 as the single from her debut studio album. 110% was released as the second single on 13 April. Wildest Moments was released as the third single on 29 June. Ware reckons the proudest moment of her career was hearing Wildest Moments accompanying a montage of highlights from Andy Murrays dramatic third-round win at Wimbledon. On 20 August 2012, Ware released her debut album Devotion, night Light was released as the fourth single on 24 August. On 11 September, Devotion was announced as a nominee for the prestigious Mercury Prize, if Youre Never Gonna Move contains a similar-sounding sample instead. Ware toured in the United Kingdom in the part of March 2013, supported by Laura Mvula, starting with Cambridge, Manchester, Glasgow, Birmingham, Oxford, Bristol
Jessie Ware
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Ware performing in January 2012
Jessie Ware
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Jessie Ware and Jack Peñate
56.
Major Lazer
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Major Lazer is an American electronic music trio composed of record producer Diplo, Jillionaire, and Walshy Fire. It was founded by Diplo and Switch, but Switch left in 2011 and its music spans numerous genres, mixing reggae with dancehall, reggaeton, house, and moombahton. Major Lazer has released three albums, Guns Dont Kill People. Lazers Do in 2009, Free the Universe in 2013, and it also released an EP entitled Apocalypse Soon in March 2014, which featured vocal contributions from Pharrell Williams and Sean Paul. Major Lazer has also produced Reincarnated, the reggae album by Snoop Dogg under his Snoop Lion persona. Originally made up of DJs Diplo and Switch, the two were introduced while working with M. I. A, the duos first album Guns Dont Kill People. Lazers Do was released on 16 June 2009, on Downtown Records and it was recorded in Jamaica at Tuff Gong Studios. This is the first release to come out of the partnership between Downtown Records and Diplos label Mad Decent. Major Lazer ended a US tour last summer, the albums first single was Hold the Line, the video for which, directed by Eric Wareheim, was nominated for a MTV Video Award in the Breakthrough Video category. Hold the Line was also featured in the video game FIFA10, the track Zumbie has a music video that features comedian Andy Milonakis. Music videos for the songs Pon de Floor, Keep It Going Louder, in June 2009, Major Lazer were featured for the first time on the cover of the publication The FADER, in its 62nd issue. Major Lazer performed at the Falls Music & Arts Festival on 30 December 2009 and they also performed at the Pitchfork Music Festival in July 2010 and the Sasquatch Music Festival on Monday 30 May 2011. Live visuals were created by Pomp&Clout, Major Lazer performed at the 2011 Outside Lands festival in San Francisco. A mixtape with La Roux entitled Lazerproof was made available for download on 26 May. Diplo posted cover art on his Twitpic and it is the character Major Lazer in War Machines silver suit, Elly Jackson of La Roux in the signature Iron Man suit, and Whiplash, the villain in the Iron Man 2 movie. On 20 June 2010, the released a EP titled Lazers Never Die. It contained two new songs and three remixes, by Thom Yorke and others, Switch provided production for Beyoncés Run the World, which sampled Pon de Floor. Major Lazer also features in the track, Look at Where We Are, from the version of Hot Chips album In Our Heads
Major Lazer
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Diplo and Walshy Fire of Major Lazer performing at the
Flow Festival in Helsinki, Finland, August 2015
Major Lazer
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At
Coachella Festival, 2010.
Major Lazer
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Diplo and Jillionaire performing at the
Congress Theater, Chicago, in 2013.
Major Lazer
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Walshy Fire of Major Lazer performing at
Flow Festival in Helsinki, Finland, August 2015
57.
Maps (Maroon 5 song)
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Maps is a song by American pop rock band Maroon 5. The song was released on June 16,2014, as the single from their fifth studio album V. The song was written by Adam Levine, Ammar Malik, Benjamin Levin, Noel Zancanella and Ryan Tedder, the song is a pop rock song with influences of dance-pop. Maps received mainly positive reviews music critics, with praise going to the songs melody. However, some criticized the song for being similar to their previous lead single on their last album, the song was a commercial success, reaching number-one in Canada and peaking at number six on the Billboard Hot 100 and number two on the UK Singles Chart. The song also reached the top 20 in over 25 countries, including France, Germany, a music video for the song was released on July 1,2014. It was inspired by the film Irréversible, and shows the events occur in the video in reverse. Maroon 5 has performed the song multiple times, including on The Today Show. The song was written by Adam Levine, Ammar Malik, Ryan Tedder, Benny Blanco and Noel Zancanella, and produced by the latter three. Blanco and Malik have previously teamed with Maroon 5 on the songs Moves like Jagger and Payphone, while Tedder and Zancanella have worked with the group on the songs Love Somebody and Lucky Strike. Maps is a pop rock track, composed in the key of C ♯ minor. It marks Maroon 5s further departure from the sound for which the band was originally known. The official remix features a new verse from Big Sean and new production beats, lyrically, the song is about the search for love, particularly a love that has been lost and needs to be found. In the chorus, Adam Levine sings All the roads you took came back to me / So Im following the map leads to you. He also added that the influence of Ryan Tedder is evident, jeff Benjamin of Fuse compared the opening guitar licks to the California-cool sound of Red Hot Chili Peppers. Music Times commented, With his singsong melody over the relaxed, plucked guitars and subtle drums, shortly after its release, Maps quickly reached number one on the Billboard Twitter Real Time Trending 140 chart, eventually staying within the upper ranks for several hours. The song also logged close to 1,800 first-day spins on radio which, according to the Nielsen BDS and it has since peaked at number six on the Billboard Hot 100. It reached its million sales mark in August 2014 and had sold 1.6 million copies by the years end, the single debuted at number two on the UK Singles Chart in late August 2014
Maps (Maroon 5 song)
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"Maps"
58.
Animals (Maroon 5 song)
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Animals is a song by American pop rock band Maroon 5. It was released on August 25,2014 as the official single from the bands fifth studio album. It was written by Adam Levine, Benny Blanco and Shellback, the official Remix features J. Cole and another remix features Big Boi. The lyric video for the song was released on August 22,2014 on Vevo, a snippet of Animals was featured in a Kia Soul commercial, published on August 21,2014. For a limited time after the commercial premiered, the song was available for download on the official Kia website. The song peaked at three on the US Billboard Hot 100 giving Maroon 5 their tenth top 10 single in the U. S. Rolling Stone ranked Animals at number 32 on its year-end list of the 50 best songs of 2014, the music video, directed by Samuel Bayer was released on September 29,2014. It mainly features Adam Levine and his wife, Behati Prinsloo, the other musicians of Maroon 5 also make an appearance - they are seen playing at a nightclub in some scenes of the video. The video starts with a woman entering a slaughterhouse, where Levines character works, after she leaves, an infatuated Levine begins to stalk the woman by following her in the streets and standing outside her apartment in the pouring rain to watch her. He also watches the woman in her sleep and takes photos of Prinsloo which he later trims. Intercut with this are scenes of a shirtless Levine dripping in blood, singing the song inside a meat locker. One evening, Levine follows the woman into a nightclub, where he tries to talk to her, though Prinsloo is amused by Levine and his interest in her, she spends the evening talking to her girlfriends instead. Eventually, Levine is left with no luck, so he goes back to fantasizing about the girl. After an erotic dream, Levine wakes up in a shock and returns to his stalking Prinsloo by standing outside her apartment in the rain watching in a dazed state, the final scenes feature Levine and Prinsloo as obsessed lovers kissing—whilst disrobed and covered in fake blood. The music video was heavily panned by critics and has been condemned for dehumanizing women, RAINN released a statement condemning the video, which wrote that No one should ever confuse the criminal act of stalking with romance. The trivialisation of these crimes, like stalking, should have no place in the entertainment industry. In the United States, the song debuted at number 86 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart, the song reached its million sales mark in the US in November 2014. The song peaked at three on the Billboard Hot 100 issue dating November 22,2014 and spent fourteen weeks in the top 10
Animals (Maroon 5 song)
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"Animals"
59.
California Gurls
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California Gurls is a song recorded by American singer Katy Perry for her third studio album, Teenage Dream. The song features verses from rapper Snoop Dogg, both artists co-wrote the song with Bonnie McKee and its co-producers Dr. Luke and Max Martin, with additional production from Benny Blanco. According to Perry, the song is a song to Empire State of Mind, by Jay-Z. California Gurls is a midtempo disco-pop, and funk-pop song, with influences of new wave and its lyrics are an ode to the state of California, in which both Perry and Snoop Dogg were born and raised. California Gurls garnered positive reviews music critics, with the majority of them labeling it a summer anthem, as well as complimenting its production. Originally intended to be sent to mainstream and rhythmic airplay on May 25,2010 and it was subsequently released to iTunes on May 11,2010 as the albums lead single. The song was a success, peaking at number-one on the Billboard Hot 100 for six consecutive weeks, giving Perry her second US number-one single in. The song reached number-one in ten countries, including Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand. A music video for the song was released on June 15,2010, Perry has said that the inspiration behind the video was artist Will Cotton, who was also the artistic director of the video. It has been noted that the video is influenced by other works, including Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, Alices Adventures in Wonderland. On December 2,2010, the received a Grammy nomination for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals. In 2012, Billboard ranked the number one on a special The 30 Summer Songs of All Time listing. She said that she wanted to write a song about California girls, and its been a minute since weve had a California song and especially from a girls perspective. We took the references of Prince, which is always a great reference, almost that house music, some of those references. Initially the song was titled California Girls, but the spelling was changed to California Gurls after the passing of Big Star member Alex Chilton as a nod to their song, September Gurls. After the song was leaked online, Capitol Records decided to release it early, and it was posted on Perrys official website, the artwork was also released, featuring Perry laying out on the beach sand with a bejeweled bikini. Perry used Wikipedia to research which rapper she wanted to collaborate with for California Gurls, California Gurls is composed in styles of disco-pop and funk-pop while bearing influence of new wave music and electropop within its composition. According to digital sheet music published at Musicnotes. com by Sony-ATV Music Publishing, the song is written in the key of F major, Perrys vocal range in the song spans from the lower note of C4 to the higher note of D5
California Gurls
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Perry found Snoop Dogg as a rapper with whom to collaborate on "California Gurls" through a search on Wikipedia.
California Gurls
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"California Gurls"
California Gurls
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Perry performing "California Gurls" at the
California Dreams Tour in 2011.
California Gurls
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Perry in a soundcheck at the MuchMusic Video Awards in 2010
60.
Diamonds (Rihanna song)
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Diamonds is a song recorded by Barbadian singer Rihanna for her seventh studio album, Unapologetic. It was written by Sia Furler together with its producers, Benny Blanco, the song premiered on September 26,2012, during the Elvis Duran and the Morning Show and was digitally released the following day as the lead single from Unapologetic. Def Jam Recordings serviced the single to hit radio in the United States on October 2. Diamonds is a pop, electronic and R&B ballad that features heavy synthesizers, orchestral sounds. The songs lyrics serve as a departure from the themes of relationships that were on Rihannas previous singles. Diamonds was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America. By May 2013, it had sold over 7.5 million copies worldwide, the songs music video was shot by director Anthony Mandler, a frequent collaborator of Rihannas, and depicts her in four environments that represent the elements of earth, air, water, and fire. The video received positive reviews and was praised for its imagery, some critics believe that the heavily tattooed man intertwined with Rihannas arm in the video resembles Chris Brown. The singer performed Diamonds on television such as Saturday Night Live and The X Factor and included it on the 777, Diamonds, Monster Tour. The American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers recognized it as one of the most performed songs of 2013 and 2014, the official remix of Diamonds featured rapper Kanye West and was released on November 16,2012. The song has been covered by recording artists, including Josef Salvat. In 2012, American songwriter and record producer Benny Blanco met with Norwegian production duo StarGate at a studio in New York City to write new songs. StarGate had previously produced her singles Dont Stop the Music and Only Girl, but thats how it always happens like with me. They produced the songs drum beat after the other instrumental music was recorded. StarGates Mikkel Eriksen told The New York Times that Blanco took a recorded snippet of Eriksens singing, altered it electronically and he then applied timbre and used audio software to create ghostly accompaniment lines. Eriksen described Blancos style as unorthodox, as he almost never plays the keyboards but throws in weird samples, Australian singer-songwriter Sia later joined them and wrote the lyrics for Diamonds in 14 minutes. After the song was completed, they wanted to play it to Rihanna, after StarGate played it to her, they called Blanco from London and told him that she liked the song, Shes flippin out. She played it like seven times in a row, phil Tan and the assistant Daniela Rivera, mixed and mastered Diamonds
Diamonds (Rihanna song)
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Australian singer-songwriter
Sia (left) wrote the lyrics, while producer
Benny Blanco (right) co-wrote and co-produced "Diamonds" with
StarGate.
Diamonds (Rihanna song)
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"Diamonds"
Diamonds (Rihanna song)
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"Diamonds" became Rihanna's twelfth number one on the US
Billboard Hot 100, tying her with
Madonna (pictured) and
The Supremes as the artists with the fifth-most number ones in the chart's history.
Diamonds (Rihanna song)
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Rihanna performing "Diamonds" during the
Diamonds World Tour in 2013.
61.
Work Hard, Play Hard
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Work Hard, Play Hard is a song by American rapper Wiz Khalifa, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album, O. N. I. F. C. The track features production from Benny Blanco and Stargate, digital download Work Hard, Play Hard -3,40 The music video was directed by Bill Paladino and was released on May 23,2012. It was filmed in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania at multiple locations including, a studio, the city suburbs, a private party at a bar. It features a ballerina played by Katie Schurman, a construction worker played by Michael Major and a soccer player working in each of these roles, Wiz Khalifa appears wearing clothes as a hippie, paying tribute to Jimi Hendrix. Multiple Taylor Gang members make appearances as well. Kansas City Chiefs wide receiver Steve Breaston, who graduated from Woodland Hills High School just outside Pittsburgh, the official remix featuring Lil Wayne and Young Jeezy was revealed through his Twitter page on August 25,2012. Drake was originally supposed to have a verse on the remix, marco Rubio mentioned the song during March 2013 Rand Paul Filibuster of CIA Director. Rand Pauls filibuster tried to block President Obamas choice of John O. Brennan as CIA chief, calling Wiz Khalifa a modern poet, Rubio mentioned the rapper by name and stated that he was reminded of his song Work Hard, Play Hard. You look at the time, I think its a time many of our colleagues expected to be home, back in the home state playing hard, Rubio said. The song was featured in a commercial for the beverage Canada Dry in 2017, songwriter – Cameron Thomaz, Benjamin Levin, Mikkel Storleer Eriksen, Tor Erik Hermansen and a Taiwanese monk by the family name of Pan
Work Hard, Play Hard
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"Work Hard, Play Hard"
62.
Grammy Award
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A Grammy Award, or Grammy, is an honor awarded by The Recording Academy to recognize outstanding achievement in the mainly English-language music industry. The annual presentation ceremony features performances by prominent artists, and the presentation of awards that have a more popular interest. It shares recognition of the industry as that of the other performance awards such as the Emmy Awards, the Tony Awards. The first Grammy Awards ceremony was held on May 4,1959, to honor, following the 2011 ceremony, The Academy overhauled many Grammy Award categories for 2012. The 59th Grammy Awards, honoring the best achievements from October 2015 to September 2016, was held on February 12,2017, the Grammys had their origin in the Hollywood Walk of Fame project in the 1950s. The music executives decided to rectify this by creating a given by their industry similar to the Oscars. This was the beginning of the National Academy of Recording Arts, after it was decided to create such an award, there was still a question of what to call it, one working title was the Eddie, to honor the inventor of the phonograph, Thomas Edison. They finally settled on using the name of the invention of Emile Berliner, the gramophone, for the awards, the number of awards given grew and fluctuated over the years with categories added and removed, at one time reaching over 100. The second Grammy Awards, also held in 1959, was the first ceremony to be televised, the gold-plated trophies, each depicting a gilded gramophone, are made and assembled by hand by Billings Artworks in Ridgway, Colorado. In 1990 the original Grammy design was revamped, changing the traditional soft lead for a stronger alloy less prone to damage, Billings developed a zinc alloy named grammium, which is trademarked. The trophies with the name engraved on them are not available until after the award announcements. By February 2009,7,578 Grammy trophies had been awarded, the General Field are four awards which are not restricted by genre. Album of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a full album if other than the performer. Record of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a single song if other than the performer. Song of the Year is awarded to the writer/composer of a single song, Best New Artist is awarded to a promising breakthrough performer who releases, during the Eligibility Year, the first recording that establishes the public identity of that artist. The only two artists to win all four of these awards are Christopher Cross, who won all four in 1980, and Adele, who won the Best New Artist award in 2009 and the other three in 2012 and 2017. Other awards are given for performance and production in specific genres, as well as for other such as artwork. Special awards are given for longer-lasting contributions to the music industry, the many other Grammy trophies are presented in a pre-telecast Premiere Ceremony earlier in the afternoon before the Grammy Awards telecast
Grammy Award
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Grammy Awards
Grammy Award
63.
53rd Annual Grammy Awards
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The 53rd Annual Grammy Awards were held on February 13,2011, at the Staples Center in Los Angeles. They were broadcast on CBS with a rating of 26.6 million viewers, barbra Streisand was honored as the MusiCares Person of the Year two nights prior to the telecast on February 11. Nominations were announced on December 1,2010 and a total of 109 awards were presented, most of the awards were presented during the pre-telecast, which took place at the Los Angeles Convention Center next to the Staples Center, where the main telecast took place. The eligibility period was September 1,2009 to September 30,2010, for the third year, nominations were announced on prime-time television as part of The GRAMMY Nominations Concert Live. – Countdown to Musics Biggest Night a one-hour special broadcast live on CBS from Club Nokia at L. A. Live, arcade Fire won Album of the Year for The Suburbs becoming the first indie act to do so, and surprising many viewers and critics. Baba Yetu composed and arranged by Christopher Tin won Best Instrumental Arrangement Accompanying Vocalist, is the first Grammy given to a piece of written for a Video Game. Esperanza Spalding was awarded Best New Artist, Lady Antebellum won five awards including Record of the Year and Song of the Year for Need You Now. Other multiple winners include, David Frost, John Legend, Lady Gaga, Jay-Z, the Black Keys, Eminem, Herbie Hancock, Alicia Keys, The Roots, Christopher Tin and BeBe Winans won two awards each. The television broadcast of the 53rd Grammy Awards marked the last awards show for the Grammys executive producer, John Cossette, dre, Eminem, Havoc, Emile Haynie, Jim Jonsin, Just Blaze, Mr. Luke, Kuk Harrell, Max Martin, Stargate, C. Power – Kanye West Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group On to the Next One – Jay Z & Swiss Beatz Shutterbugg – Big Boi & Cutty Fancy – Drake, T. I. & Swizz Beatz My Chick Bad – Ludacris & Nicki Minaj Lose My Mind – Young Jeezy & Plies Best Rap/Sung Collaboration Empire State of Mind – Jay-Z & Alicia Keys Nothin on You – B. o. Battle Studies Michael H. Luke California Gurls – Katy Perry Featuring Snoop Dogg For Your Entertainment – Adam Lambert Hungover – Ke$ha Kiss n Tell – Ke$ha Magic – B. o. o. Johnson, surround mix engineer, Keith O. Daugherty, Metropolis Symphony, Deus Ex Machina Mark Donahue, John Hill & Dirk Sobotka, engineers Have You Ever Been
53rd Annual Grammy Awards
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53rd Annual Grammy Awards
64.
Teenage Dream (Katy Perry album)
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Teenage Dream is the third studio album by American singer Katy Perry. It was released on August 24,2010, through Capitol Records, musically, it contains pop and dance-pop with influences of disco, electronic, funk, house, gothic rock, Hi-NRG, and hip hop. Lyrically, it revolves around love, partying, self-empowerment. Upon its release, Teenage Dream received generally mixed reviews from music critics, the album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200, selling 192,000 copies in its first week. The album also sold 1.3 million copies in the United Kingdom, as of July 2013, Teenage Dream has sold 6 million copies worldwide. The album was preceded by the number-one singles California Gurls and Teenage Dream and its sixth The One That Got Away peaked at number three on the Billboard Hot 100. Teenage Dream is the album in history to have five number ones from one album, the first by a female to achieve this milestone. Prior to recording Teenage Dream, Perry told Rolling Stone she would keep it pop. Perry began recording the album on October 13,2009, stating that she had lots of layers to get through, work on the album involved collaborating with numerous artists and producers including Wells. On March 27,2010, at 2010 Kids Choice Awards and she added that her previous teases about the album still fit, saying its what I said I wanted earlier. She has also stated that the album is inspired by ABBA, according to Perry, she gave her producer Dr. Luke a mixtape of songs by the two groups in order to demonstrate how she wanted her next record to sound. Perry described the album as more groove-driven and she added, When I went on tour, as much as I love all the in-between songs, I felt I was missing some of the stuff that made people bounce up and down. During a Rolling Stone photo shoot in April 2010, Perry revealed details about what would be the lead single. Allegedly a response to Jay-Z and Alicia Keyss Empire State of Mind, she stated everyone has the New York song, adding that the song also took its inspiration from Prince. The song features California rapper Snoop Dogg, USA Today gave the song a positive review, calling it an effervescent toast to summer fun. Perry also claimed that working with producers Max Martin and Dr. Luke was a collaborative effort. Recording for the finished on April 30,2010. The album cover is a painting by Will Cotton, and was revealed on July 21,2010, via a live webstream with Cotton, at his Art Studio
Teenage Dream (Katy Perry album)
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Perry performing "California Gurls" in Nottingham, England.
Teenage Dream (Katy Perry album)
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Teenage Dream
Teenage Dream (Katy Perry album)
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Teenage Dream is the second album to hold five consecutive number one singles on the U.S.
Billboard Hot 100.
Teenage Dream (Katy Perry album)
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Perry rehearsing "California Gurls" for the
2010 MuchMusic Video Awards.
65.
54th Annual Grammy Awards
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The 54th Annual Grammy Awards were held on February 12,2012, at the Staples Center in Los Angeles being broadcast on CBS. LL Cool J hosted the show and it was the first time in seven years that the event had an official host. Nominations were announced on November 30,2011 on prime-time television as part of The GRAMMY Nominations Concert Live, – Countdown to Musics Biggest Night, a one-hour special broadcast live on CBS from Nokia Theatre at L. A. Live. Kanye West received the most nominations with seven, adele, Foo Fighters, and Bruno Mars each received six nominations. Lil Wayne, Skrillex, and Radiohead all earned five nominations, wests album went on to win Best Rap Album. A total of 78 awards were presented following the Academys decision to restructure the Grammy Award categories, paul McCartney received the MusiCares Person of the Year award on February 10,2012, at the Los Angeles Convention Center, two nights prior to the Grammy telecast. On February 8,2012, the Academy announced that the 54th Grammy Pre-Telecast Ceremony would stream live internationally, the ceremony took place at the Los Angeles Convention Center and was streamed live in its entirety internationally at Grammys official website and CBS Television Network. The ceremony was co-hosted by Dave Koz and MC Lyte, a total of 68 awards were presented in the Pre-Telecast ceremony. The official poster was designed by Architect Frank Gehry, the day before the ceremony, Whitney Houston died in Los Angeles, and the shows producers quickly planned a tribute in the form of Jennifer Hudson singing Houstons I Will Always Love You. The awards show began with a Bruce Springsteen performance followed by an LL Cool J prayer for Whitney Houston, adele won all of her six nominations, equalling the record for most wins by a female artist in one night, firstly held by Beyoncé Knowles. Foo Fighters and Kanye West followed with five and four awards, the 54th Grammys were the second-highest rated in its history with 39.9 million viewers, second only to the 1984 Grammys with 43.8 mil. viewers. The rating was 50% higher than in 2011. o, – Chris Brown Second Chance – El DeBarge Love Letter – R. Dre, Eminem & Skylar Grey Whats My Name. J. Chenier Wao Akua, The Forest of the Gods – George Kahumoku, grand Isle – Steve Riley & the Mamou Playboys Not Just Another Polka – Jimmy Sturr & His Orchestra Best Reggae Album Revelation Pt 1, The Root of Life – Stephen Marley Harlem-Kingston Express Live. Big and Small – Various Artists Producers Steve Pullara, Jim Cravero, Pat Robinson, Kevin Mackie, – The Papa Hugs Band Fitness Rock & Roll – Miss Amy GulfAlive – The Banana Plant I Love, Tom T. K. 140 & Nonet in F Major, Op.3 &4 Arne Akselberg, engineer Weinberg, hirsch Notable Women – Trios by Todays Female Composers The Soviet Experience, Vol.1 – String Quartets by Dmitri Shostakovich & His Contemporaries Speak. World Tour – Beyoncé Beyoncé, Ed Burke & Frank Gatson, Jr. video directors, Beyoncé & Camille Yorrick, video producers Talihina Sky, The Story of Kings of Leon – Kings of Leon Stephen C
54th Annual Grammy Awards
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54th Annual Grammy Awards
66.
55th Annual Grammy Awards
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The 55th Annual Grammy Awards were held on February 10,2013, at the Staples Center in Los Angeles. The show was broadcast on CBS at 8 p. m. ET/PT and was hosted for the time by LL Cool J. The Pre-Telecast Ceremony was streamed live from LAs Nokia Theater at the official Grammy website, Nominations were announced on December 5,2012 on prime-time television as part of The GRAMMY Nominations Concert Live. – Countdown to Musics Biggest Night, a one-hour special co-hosted by LL Cool J & Taylor Swift and broadcast live on CBS from the Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee. Fun, Frank Ocean, Mumford & Sons, Jay-Z, Kanye West and Dan Auerbach received the most nominations with six each, all of whom were male artists. Gotye and Kimbra won the Record of the Year for Somebody That I Used to Know, becoming the second Australian and first New Zealand act to win the award. Mumford & Sons won the Album of the Year for Babel, kelly Clarkson won the Best Pop Vocal Album for Stronger, becoming the first and only artist to win the award twice. Dan Auerbach won the most number of awards during the ceremony, with five, followed by The Black Keys, Gotye, Jay-Z, Skrillex, Kanye West, with three each. Other multiple winners include, Chick Corea, Fun, Kimbra, Mumford & Sons, Frank Ocean, Matt Redman,70 of them were presented at the pre-telecast at the Nokia Theatre, with the remaining 11 were presented at the main ceremony. Bruce Springsteen received the MusiCares Person of the Year award on February 8,2013 at the 23rd Grammy Benefit Gala at the Los Angeles Convention Center, the official poster was designed by Artist Erika Iris Simmons. The program producer is AEG Ehrlich Ventures, with Ken Ehrlich serving as producer, Louis J. Horvitz as director and David Wild. Pt.1 – Lupe Fiasco Life Is Good – Nas Undun – The Roots God Forgives, – The Okee Dokee Brothers High Dive and Other Things That Could Have Happened. Atlantic Riband, American Rhapsody, Divinium Mysterium Gershwin, Piano Concerto In F, four artists had three nominations without a win, Bruce Springsteen, Jack White, Hunter Hayes and Marvin Sapp. Two artists received a posthumous Grammy Award, Gil Evans and Ravi Shankar, for many winners, this years Grammy Award wasnt their first. In fact, over 40 winners now have achieved three or more wins and this year he won a posthumous award. The longest span for any artist who is still active was for Paul McCartney, janis Ian won her first Grammy in 37 years, having last won in 1976 in the Best Female Pop Vocal Performance category. In its original television broadcast, the ceremony received a 25 share/rating among viewers aged 18–49 and was watched by 28.37 million people. Official website The Recording Academy Grammy Category List CBS GRAMMY Site
55th Annual Grammy Awards
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Official poster by Erika Iris Simmons
67.
Heart Attack (Trey Songz song)
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Heart Attack is a song by American recording artist Trey Songz. It was produced by Benny Blanco and Rico Love and released as the single from Trey Songzs fifth studio album. It reached the top forty in the United Kingdom peaking at #28 on the UK Singles Chart, heart Attack has received a nomination for Best R&B Song at the 2013 Grammy Awards. The video was filmed on April 7,2012 and it was directed by Benny Boom. The video was released on May 4,2012, kelly Rowland plays Songz love interest in the video. Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
Heart Attack (Trey Songz song)
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"Heart Attack"
68.
Trey Songz
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Tremaine Aldon Neverson, better known as Trey Songz, is an American singer, songwriter and actor. His debut album, I Gotta Make It, was released in 2005 through Atlantic Records and his follow-up album, Trey Day, spawned his first top 20 single, Cant Help but Wait. Songz released his third album Ready in 2009 and a single from the album, Say Aah, Ready was nominated for Best Male R&B Vocal Performance at the 2008 Grammy Awards. The following year saw Songzs highest charting song to date, Bottoms Up featuring rapper Nicki Minaj from his studio album, Passion. In 2012, Songz released his first number one album, Chapter V, the albums lead single titled Heart Attack was nominated for Best R&B Song at the 2013 Grammy Awards. Following that Songz released his studio album, Trigga in 2014, promoted by the top 40 songs, Na Na. He has sold an overall 14 million records worldwide in singles, tremaine Aldon Neverson was born on November 28,1984, in Petersburg, Virginia. He is the son of April Tucker, who was seventeen when he was born and he recognized his vocal abilities at the age of 14. Reluctant to sing, he began performing with encouragement by friends, after graduating from Petersburg High School in 2003, Songz moved to New Jersey to begin recording his debut album, though recording did not actually begin until 2002. While recording his album in 2004, Songz released multiple mixtapes under the alias Prince of Virginia. One of the featured a answer track to R. Kellys Trapped in the Closet. The song gave Songz some notoriety and his debut album, I Gotta Make It was released on July 26,2005. It debuted at #20 on the Billboard 200, selling 40,000 copies in its first week of sales and it has sold 300,000 records in the US. Songzs debut single, Gotta Make It, featuring Twista, was released in March 2005 and reached #87 on the Billboard Hot 100 and it garnered success in the R&B/urban community but failed to make a mark in mainstream music. After promotion for his debut concluded, he was featured on the single from Twistas fifth album. The single, Girl Tonite, reached #14 on the Hot 100 and #3 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, Trey aimed for the album to be more mainstream-oriented than his debut album. His second studio album, Trey Day, was released on October 2,2007, the album reached #11 on the Billboard 200, selling 73,000 copies in its first week. It has since sold 400,000 records in the US, the album was going to be released on May 8,2007, but was continually delayed in order for a successful single to precede the album, as the lead single failed to impact charts
Trey Songz
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Trey Songz performing at Supafest 3 in
Sydney,
Australia, April 2012
Trey Songz
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Trey Songz performing live in 2007
Trey Songz
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Trey Songz performing at Summer Jam on June 5, 2010.
69.
Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album
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The honor was first presented in 1968 at the 10th Grammy Awards as Best Contemporary Album to The Beatles for Sgt. The category was discontinued until 1995 where it emerged with the new name Best Pop Album. In 2001, the became known as Best Pop Vocal Album. According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards, kelly Clarkson and Adele are the only artists to win the award twice. ^ Each year is linked to the article about the Grammy Awards held that year, billboard 200 Grammy Award for Best Pop Instrumental Album List of popular music genres Official site of the Grammy Awards
Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album
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The Beatles, the
1968 award-winning band for Best Contemporary Album.
Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album
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1999 award winner
Madonna, performing in 2006.
Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album
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Two-time nominee and
2000 award winner
Sting, performing in 2007.
Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album
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Three-time nominee
Sarah McLachlan, performing in 2005.
70.
Unorthodox Jukebox
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Unorthodox Jukebox is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Bruno Mars. It was released on December 7,2012, by Atlantic Records and it serves as the follow-up to Mars debut record Doo-Wops & Hooligans. The album was planned to be more energetic than his previous work. The singer co-wrote the whole record and worked with several past collaborators, while enlisting new producers, lyrically, Unorthodox Jukebox revolves around the theme of relationships, incorporating more explicit lyrics and subjects than his previous material. On December 4,2012, the album was available to listen to in its entirety for a week before its release. The album debuted at number 2 on the US Billboard 200, with first week sales of 192,000 copies, Unorthodox Jukebox later topped the chart, marking the singers first album to do so. The record further peaked at one in Australia, Canada, Switzerland. Unorthodox Jukebox became Mars fastest-selling album in the country and its third in 2012, the third best-selling album in Australia in 2013. The record won the Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album at the 56th Annual Grammy Awards, meanwhile, promotional singles Young Girls, Moonshine and When I Was Your Man were released in November and December 2013. Subsequently, four singles were made available for consumption, with each one of them having major to minor success in the United States. Unorthodox Jukebox was further promoted through the Moonshine Jungle Tour, after ending The Doo-Wops & Hooligans Tour, Mars implied that he was going to take some time creating and perfecting his second full-length album. He additionally confessed that, Its going to come when it comes since his team, The Smeezingtons. We just want it to be perfect, the singer added, due to the numerous television shows and worldwide performances provided by Mars, he acknowledged that his second studio album needed to display his raucously dynamic appearances on stage. Mars revealed to Billboard in September 2012 on a preview of his story that he recorded an album that represented his freedom. On his debut record, Doo-Wops & Hooligans, the singer reportedly had to some things because of pressure from his label. He clarified that Unorthodox Jukebox was more of him and what he stands for and he elaborated, If Im changing things around because people might think its a hard pill to swallow then Im going to feel like a circus clown onstage, selling something fake. Pick a lane and come back to us, to these statements, the singer added that he felt disgusted as he wanted to have the liberty to create his own music and not the music he was told to do. Mars further confessed that by the time he started to develop his skills, he learned his most valuable lesson
Unorthodox Jukebox
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Avatar Studios, one of the four studios where the album was recorded
Unorthodox Jukebox
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Unorthodox Jukebox
Unorthodox Jukebox
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Mars and his band performing during the Moonshine Jungle Tour at the Arena Ciudad de Mexico
71.
Bruno Mars
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Peter Gene Hernandez, known professionally as Bruno Mars, is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and choreographer. Born and raised in Honolulu, Hawaii, by a family of musicians, Mars began making music at a young age and he graduated from high school and moved to Los Angeles to pursue a musical career. After being dropped by Motown Records, Mars signed a contract with Atlantic Records in 2009. In 2009, he co-founded the production team The Smeezingtons, responsible for the singles Nothin on You by B. o. B and he featured on the hooks for both singles, becoming recognized as a solo artist. His debut studio album Doo-Wops & Hooligans included the U. S. Billboard Hot 100 chart-topping singles Just the Way You Are and Grenade and his second album, Unorthodox Jukebox, peaked at number one in the United States. The album spawned the international singles Locked Out of Heaven, When I Was Your Man, in 2014, Mars lent his vocals to Mark Ronsons Uptown Funk. In 2016, he released his studio album 24K Magic with the lead single of the same title released on October 7,2016. To date, he has sold over 100 million singles and albums combined worldwide, Mars has landed six number-one singles on the Billboard Hot 100 since his career launched in 2010, attaining his first five faster than any male artist since Elvis Presley. Mars has received awards and nominations, including five Grammy Awards. In December 2013, he ranked number one on the Forbes 30 under 30 list, Mars is known for his stage performances and retro showmanship. He is accompanied by his band, The Hooligans, who play a variety of such as electric guitar, bass, piano, keyboards, drums and horns. Mars performs in a range of musical styles. Peter Gene Hernandez was born on October 8,1985, in Honolulu, Hawaii to Peter Hernandez and Bernadette San Pedro Bayot and his father is of half Puerto Rican and half Ashkenazi Jewish descent, and is originally from Brooklyn, New York. His mother emigrated from the Philippines to Hawaii as a child, and was of Filipino and his parents met while performing in a show in which his mother was a hula dancer and his father played percussion. At the age of two, he was nicknamed Bruno by his father, because of his resemblance to professional wrestler Bruno Sammartino. Mars is one of six children and came from a family which exposed him to a diverse mix of genres including, reggae, rock, hip hop. His mother was both a singer and a dancer, and his father performed Little Richard rock and roll music, Mars uncle was an Elvis impersonator, and also encouraged three-year-old Mars to perform on stage. Mars performed songs by such as Michael Jackson, The Isley Brothers
Bruno Mars
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Mars performing in
Las Vegas in 2010
Bruno Mars
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Mars performing live in
Houston, 2010
Bruno Mars
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Music artists such as
Michael Jackson (left) and
Prince (right) have influenced Mars.
Bruno Mars
72.
Unapologetic
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Unapologetic is the seventh studio album by Barbadian singer Rihanna. It was released on November 19,2012, by Def Jam Recordings and it was recorded between June and November 2012, during promotion of her sixth album, Talk That Talk. The album won a Grammy Award for Best Urban Contemporary Album at the 2014 ceremony and it debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 238,000 copies, becoming Rihannas first number one album on the chart and best-selling debut week of her career. The album also became the third, fourth, and fifth consecutive number one album in the United Kingdom, Norway. As of December 2014, Unapologetic has sold four million copies worldwide. The album produced seven singles including the international hits Diamonds and Stay, to further promote Unapologetic, Rihanna embarked on her fourth worldwide tour entitled the Diamonds World Tour. In November 2011, Rihanna released her studio album Talk That Talk. Talk That Talk received generally positive reviews from music critics upon its release. It was a success and reached the top ten in over twenty national charts, including number one on the UK Albums Chart. The album produced six singles including the worldwide hits We Found Love and we Found Love topped the charts in over 25 countries and sold over 9 million copies worldwide, making it one of the best-selling singles of all time. In March 2012, Rihanna revealed that although she had not yet begun recording, on June 20,2012, Rihanna began recording her seventh studio album, working with Nicky Romero and Burns. Rihanna and Burns booked three days in a studio in London while Rihanna was performing at Radio 1s Hackney Weekend and it was also confirmed that Rihanna worked with Eric Bellinger, Sean Garrett, and Swedish House Mafia for her seventh album. On July 6,2012, Def Jam executive No I. D. revealed that he had working with Rihanna on the album saying I’m going in next week for about a week. Shes not in my studio but hopefully Ill have some hot ones on her album, on July 17,2012, it was reported that Rihanna would be working with R&B singer Ne-Yo and N-Dubz member Fazer. In an interview with Capital FM Ne-Yo spoke on working with Rihanna on the album saying I just recently went in to do stuff for Rihanna. She’s the hardest working woman in showbiz right now, shes in the process of putting together a new album as we speak, I got in with StarGate and David Guetta and a few other people for that project. Sean Garrett confirmed in July 2012 that he had been in the studio with French DJ David Guetta working on Rihannas album saying I was in the studio with David doing some stuff for Rihanna recently. He finds inspiration in the things I dont like, and I get excited by the things he doesnt like and he wants to be more urban and I want to be more international, so we push each other, I try to help Rihanna
Unapologetic
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Sia Furler (left) and
The-Dream (right) both worked with Rihanna on Unapologetic.
Unapologetic
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Unapologetic
Unapologetic
Unapologetic
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American rapper
Eminem is featured on the track "Numb", marking the pair's third collaboration following the worldwide hit, "
Love the Way You Lie " and its
sequel (2010).
73.
X (Ed Sheeran album)
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X is the second studio album by English singer-songwriter, Ed Sheeran. It was released on 20 June 2014 in Australia and New Zealand, the album received positive reviews from music critics. It has become a success, peaking at No.1 in fifteen countries. X also reached the top 5 in seven countries and was the best selling album of 2014 in Australia, New Zealand, Ireland. Five singles were released from the album, Sing, Dont, Thinking Out Loud, Bloodstream, the lead single, Sing, was a major international success. It became Sheerans first UK number-one single and peaked inside the Top 10 in several other countries, the second single, Dont, was also a worldwide success. It peaked at No.8 in the UK and number 9 on the US Billboard Hot 100, the albums third single, Thinking Out Loud, was a massive international success, peaking at No.1 in 12 countries, and the top five in 12 more. It became Sheerans second UK number-one single and has been certified 3× Platinum, Thinking Out Loud also became Sheerans biggest hit in the US to date, peaking at No.2 on the Billboard Hot 100. It has been certified 4× Platinum, with sales of over 4 million copies in the US alone. The albums fourth single, a remix of Bloodstream, peaked at No.2 on the UK Singles Chart, Photograph was released as the albums fifth and final single. It gave Sheeran his fifth top ten single from the album in Australia and New Zealand, peaking at numbers 9 and 8. Photograph also met international success, peaking inside the top 10 in ten countries. In December 2014, Spotify named x the most-streamed album in the world for 2014, racking up more than 430 million streams for the year. X has been certified 9× Platinum in the UK with sales of over 2.92 million copies, making it the third best-selling album of the 2010s and one of the best selling albums in the history of the UK. The album has been certified 3× Platinum in Canada, 6× Platinum in New Zealand and it also became the first album ever to be certified Diamond in Australia. Also, x broke Adeles record for the longest charting Top 10 album in the history of the United Kingdom. In 2015, x won the Brit Award for British Album of the Year, and at the 57th Grammy Awards it was nominated for Best Pop Vocal Album and Album of the Year. Around the time his album, +, was released in 2011, the first songs for Sheerans second album were written, One being the album opener
X (Ed Sheeran album)
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x
74.
Love Yourself
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Love Yourself is a song recorded by Canadian singer Justin Bieber for his fourth studio album Purpose. The song was released first as a single on November 9,2015. It was written by Ed Sheeran, Benny Blanco and kutti, an acoustic pop song, Love Yourself features an electric guitar and a brief flurry of trumpets as its main instrumentation. During the song, Bieber uses a tone in the lower registers. Lyrically, the song is a kiss-off to a narcissistic ex-lover who did the protagonist wrong, Love Yourself topped the charts in fifteen countries, including Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and Sweden. Love Yourself was nominated for two Grammy Awards, Song of the Year and Best Pop Solo Performance and it was the seventh-best-selling song of 2016 in the US. The music video for the song was released along with the Purpose and it features a couple doing an interpretive dance on their house. Bieber promoted the song with performances on TV shows, as well as awards shows throughout 2015-2016, on September 29,2015, Justin Bieber announced in an interview with Australias Sunrise morning show that British singer and songwriter Ed Sheeran had written a song for his then-upcoming album. Later, during an interview for Capital FM, Bieber revealed details about the song, saying, Its just me, basically that’s how I started, playing on the street with a guitar. ’ and telling the same story. In another interview for the radio network, he commented about the collaboration, stating. Just getting us together, you know, in the room cause we did a lot of it separate. He is a guy, super talented. Really good songwriter so just to be able to work with that calibre of songwriter was really, really awesome, in 2017, Sheeran revealed that Love Yourself was written for his third album ÷. He said in an interview that the track would have been scrapped before Bieber took the song, on November 9,2015 Love Yourself premiered on Beats 1 along with The Feeling. The song was made available on iTunes in the same day as a promotional single of Purpose. Love Yourself was written by Ed Sheeran, Benny Blanco and Justin Bieber, with production being done by Benny Blanco and it features background vocals by Sheeran. Biebers vocals range from the note of B3 to B4 and it is an acoustic pop song, featuring just vocals, an electric guitar, and a brief flurry of trumpets, which was considered the most subdued and least electronic of Biebers new tracks. Lyrically, Love Yourself is a kiss-off to a narcissistic ex-lover who did the protagonist wrong, with Bieber singing in a snappy, and I like to admit that I was wrong
Love Yourself
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Love Yourself 愛自己
75.
Virtual International Authority File
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The Virtual International Authority File is an international authority file. It is a joint project of national libraries and operated by the Online Computer Library Center. The project was initiated by the US Library of Congress, the German National Library, the National Library of France joined the project on October 5,2007. The project transitions to a service of the OCLC on April 4,2012, the aim is to link the national authority files to a single virtual authority file. In this file, identical records from the different data sets are linked together, a VIAF record receives a standard data number, contains the primary see and see also records from the original records, and refers to the original authority records. The data are available online and are available for research and data exchange. Reciprocal updating uses the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting protocol, the file numbers are also being added to Wikipedia biographical articles and are incorporated into Wikidata. VIAFs clustering algorithm is run every month, as more data are added from participating libraries, clusters of authority records may coalesce or split, leading to some fluctuation in the VIAF identifier of certain authority records
Virtual International Authority File
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Screenshot 2012
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Integrated Authority File
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The Integrated Authority File or GND is an international authority file for the organisation of personal names, subject headings and corporate bodies from catalogues. It is used mainly for documentation in libraries and increasingly also by archives, the GND is managed by the German National Library in cooperation with various regional library networks in German-speaking Europe and other partners. The GND falls under the Creative Commons Zero license, the GND specification provides a hierarchy of high-level entities and sub-classes, useful in library classification, and an approach to unambiguous identification of single elements. It also comprises an ontology intended for knowledge representation in the semantic web, available in the RDF format
Integrated Authority File
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GND screenshot
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MusicBrainz
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MusicBrainz is a project that aims to create an open data music database that is similar to the freedb project. MusicBrainz was founded in response to the placed on the Compact Disc Database. MusicBrainz has expanded its goals to reach beyond a compact disc metadata storehouse to become an open online database for music. MusicBrainz captures information about artists, their works, and the relationships between them. Recorded works entries capture at a minimum the album title, track titles, and these entries are maintained by volunteer editors who follow community written style guidelines. Recorded works can also store information about the date and country. As of 26 July 2016, MusicBrainz contained information about roughly 1.1 million artists,1.6 million releases, end-users can use software that communicates with MusicBrainz to add metadata tags to their digital media files, such as MP3, Ogg Vorbis or AAC. As with other contributions, the MusicBrainz community is in charge for maintaining and reviewing the data, besides collecting metadata about music, MusicBrainz also allows looking up recordings by their acoustic fingerprint. A separate application, such as MusicBrainz Picard, must be used for this, in 2000, MusicBrainz started using Relatables patented TRM for acoustic fingerprint matching. This feature attracted many users and allowed the database to grow quickly, however, by 2005 TRM was showing scalability issues as the number of tracks in the database had reached into the millions. This issue was resolved in May 2006 when MusicBrainz partnered with MusicIP, tRMs were phased out and replaced by MusicDNS in November 2008. In October 2009 MusicIP was acquired by AmpliFIND, some time after the acquisition, the MusicDNS service began having intermittent problems. Since the future of the free service was uncertain, a replacement for it was sought. The Chromaprint acoustic fingerprinting algorithm, the basis for AcoustID identification service, was started in February 2010 by a long-time MusicBrainz contributor Lukáš Lalinský, while AcoustID and Chromaprint are not officially MusicBrainz projects, they are closely tied with each other and both are open source. Chromaprint works by analyzing the first two minutes of a track, detecting the strength in each of 12 pitch classes, storing these 8 times per second, additional post-processing is then applied to compress this fingerprint while retaining patterns. The AcoustID search server then searches from the database of fingerprints by similarity, since 2003, MusicBrainzs core data are in the public domain, and additional content, including moderation data, is placed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-SA-2.0 license. The relational database management system is PostgreSQL, the server software is covered by the GNU General Public License. The MusicBrainz client software library, libmusicbrainz, is licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License, in December 2004, the MusicBrainz project was turned over to the MetaBrainz Foundation, a non-profit group, by its creator Robert Kaye
MusicBrainz
