1.
Reston, Virginia
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Reston is a census-designated place in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States, within the Washington, D. C. metropolitan area. The population was 58,404 at the 2010 census, the Reston Town Center is home to many businesses, with high-rise and low-rise commercial buildings that are home to shops, restaurants, offices, a cinema, and a hotel. It comprises over 1,000,000 square feet of office space, municipal, government-like services are provided by the nonprofit Reston Association, which is supported by a per-household fee for all residential properties in Reston. In 2012, Reston was ranked 7th in the Best Place to Live in America by CNNMoney Magazine, Reston was conceived as a planned community by Robert E. Simon. Founded on April 10,1964 and named for his initials, it was one of the first modern, post-war planned communities in America, simons family had recently sold Carnegie Hall, and Simon used the funds to create Reston. The first section of the community to be built, Lake Anne Plaza, was designed by James Rossant to emulate the Italian coastal town of Portofino. Lake Anne village was designed with modern architectural themes that extend to an elementary school, a gasoline station. Lake Anne also has an art gallery, several restaurants, the Reston Historic Trust Museum, shops, all are local businesses, as there are no chain stores or chain restaurants allowed in Lake Anne. Close by are the cubist townhouses at Hickory Cluster that were designed by the noted modernist architect, Charles M. Goodman, in the International Style. Other sections of the town, such as Hunters Woods, South Lakes, the land on which Reston sits was initially owned by Lord Fairfax during the 18th century. Wiehle bought the later in the 1880s. He died after construction of several buildings and his sons did not share his vision, and sold the land to A. Smith Bowman, who built a bourbon distillery on the site while maintaining a farm on most of the area, a 7, 300-acre tract. An office retail development and a road are named for him, in 1961, Robert E. Simon bought most of the land, except for 60 acres on which the Bowman distillery continued to operate until 1987. The growth and development of Reston has been monitored by newspaper articles, national magazines, in 1967 the First Lady of the United States, Mrs. Lyndon Johnson, visited Reston to take a walking tour along its pathways as part of her interest in beautification projects. Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin visited Reston elementary schools named for them, the Washington Post featured a road trip to Reston in January 2006, and a relatively new website Beyond DC has a page devoted to Reston with almost 150 photos. Reston experienced increasing traffic congestion as it grew in the late 1970s and this was a time when Restons population was growing but the Dulles Toll Road had not been built. Commuter traffic between Reston and Washington created serious congestion on the roads that connected Reston to Washington DC. In 1984 the toll road opened, and in 1986 the West Falls Church Washington Metro station opened, most recently the Fairfax County Parkway, a major north-south artery, was opened
Reston, Virginia
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Reston Town Center
Reston, Virginia
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A now abandoned whiskey distillery, long operated by the Bowman family.
Reston, Virginia
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The Midtown Reston Condominiums, a residential building at the Reston Town Center.
Reston, Virginia
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Lake Anne Plaza in Reston
2.
Pop music
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Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form in the United States and United Kingdom during the mid 1950s. The terms popular music and pop music are used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popular. Pop and rock were synonymous terms until the late 1960s, when they were used in opposition from each other. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music. Pop music is eclectic, and often borrows elements from other such as urban, dance, rock, Latin. Identifying factors include generally short to medium-length songs written in a format, as well as the common use of repeated choruses, melodic tunes. David Hatch and Stephen Millward define pop music as a body of music which is distinguishable from popular, jazz, according to Pete Seeger, pop music is professional music which draws upon both folk music and fine arts music. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music, the music charts contain songs from a variety of sources, including classical, jazz, rock, and novelty songs. Pop music, as a genre, is seen as existing and developing separately, pop music continuously evolves along with the terms definition. The term pop song was first recorded as being used in 1926, Hatch and Millward indicate that many events in the history of recording in the 1920s can be seen as the birth of the modern pop music industry, including in country, blues and hillbilly music. The Oxford Dictionary of Music states that while pops earlier meaning meant concerts appealing to a wide audience. Since the late 1950s, however, pop has had the meaning of non-classical mus, usually in the form of songs, performed by such artists as the Beatles. Grove Music Online also states that, in the early 1960s pop music competed terminologically with beat music, while in the USA its coverage overlapped with that of rock and roll. From about 1967, the term was used in opposition to the term rock music. Whereas rock aspired to authenticity and an expansion of the possibilities of music, pop was more commercial, ephemeral. It is not driven by any significant ambition except profit and commercial reward, and, in musical terms, it is essentially conservative. It is, provided from on high rather than being made from below, pop is not a do-it-yourself music but is professionally produced and packaged. The beat and the melodies tend to be simple, with limited harmonic accompaniment, the lyrics of modern pop songs typically focus on simple themes – often love and romantic relationships – although there are notable exceptions
Pop music
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The Oxford Dictionary of Music states that the term "pop" refers to music performed by such artists as the Rolling Stones (pictured here in a 2006 performance)
Pop music
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According to several sources, MTV helped give rise to pop stars such as Michael Jackson and Madonna; and Jackson and Madonna helped make MTV.
Pop music
3.
Contemporary R&B
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Contemporary R&B, also known as simply R&B, is a music genre that combines elements of rhythm and blues, soul, funk, pop, hip hop and dance. The genre features a record production style, drum machine-backed rhythms, an occasional saxophone-laced beat to give a jazz feel. Electronic influences are becoming a trend and the use of hip hop or dance-inspired beats are typical, although the roughness. Contemporary R&B vocalists are often known for their use of melisma, popularized by such as Michael Jackson, R. Kelly, Craig David, Stevie Wonder, Whitney Houston. That same year, Teddy Riley began producing R&B recordings that included hip hop influences and this combination of R&B style and hip hop rhythms was termed new jack swing and was applied to artists such as Bobby Brown, Keith Sweat, Al B. Guy, Jodeci and Bell Biv DeVoe, the style became less popular by the end of the 1990s, but later experienced a resurgence. In 1990 Mariah Carey released Vision of Love as her debut single and it was immensely popular peaking at number 1 in many worldwide charts including the Billboard Hot 100, and it propelled Mariahs carrier. The song is said to have popularized the use of melisma. During the mid-1990s, Whitney Houstons The Bodyguard, Original Soundtrack Album sold over 40 million copies becoming the best-selling soundtrack of all time. Janet Jacksons self-titled fifth studio album janet. which came after her historic multimillion-dollar contract with Virgin Records, sold over twenty million copies worldwide. Boyz II Men and Mariah Carey recorded several Billboard Hot 100 No.1 hits, including One Sweet Day, Carey also released a remix of her 1995 single Fantasy, with Ol Dirty Bastard as a feature, a collaboration format that was unheard of at this point. Carey, Boyz II Men and TLC released albums in 1994 and 1995—Daydream, II and CrazySexyCool. In the late 1990s, neo soul, which added 1970s soul influences to the hip hop soul blend, arose, led by such as DAngelo, Erykah Badu. Hill and Missy Elliott further blurred the line between R&B and hip hop by recording both styles, beginning in 1995, the Grammy Awards enacted the Grammy Award for Best R&B Album, with II by Boyz II Men becoming the first recipient. The award was received by TLC for CrazySexyCool in 1996, Tony Rich for Words in 1997, Erykah Badu for Baduizm in 1998. At the end of 1999, Billboard magazine ranked Mariah Carey and Janet Jackson as the first, simultaneously, in the second half of the 1990s, The Neptunes and Timbaland set influential precedence on contemporary R&B and hip hop music. R&B acts such as Michael Jackson, Whitney Houston, Janet Jackson, Mariah Carey, Usher, in 2001, Alicia Keys released Fallin as her debut single. It peaking at one on the Billboard Hot 100, Mainstream Top 40
Contemporary R&B
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Whitney Houston.
Contemporary R&B
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R. Kelly was listed in 2010 by Billboard the most successful R&B artist of the past 25 years. He is also refereed to as the King of R&B.
Contemporary R&B
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Lauryn Hill.
Contemporary R&B
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Rihanna was cited by Billboard magazine as one of the biggest R&B artists of the 2000s.
4.
Hip hop music
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It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements, MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing. Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records, while often used to refer solely to rapping, hip hop more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture. Hip hops early evolution occurred as sampling technology and drum machines became available and affordable. Turntablist techniques such as scratching and beatmatching developed along with the breaks and Jamaican toasting, rapping developed as a vocal style in which the artist speaks or chants along rhythmically with an instrumental or synthesized beat. The Sugarhill Gangs 1979 song Rappers Delight is widely regarded to be the first hip hop record to gain popularity in the mainstream. The 1980s marked the diversification of hip hop as the genre developed more complex styles, prior to the 1980s, hip hop music was largely confined within the United States. However, during the 1980s, it began to spread to scenes in dozens of countries. New school hip hop was the wave of hip hop music, originating in 1983–84 with the early records of Run-D. M. C. The Golden age hip hop period was a period between the mid-1980s and the early 1990s. Notable artists from this era include the Juice Crew, Public Enemy, & Rakim, Boogie Down Productions and KRS-One, EPMD, Slick Rick, Beastie Boys, Kool G Rap, Big Daddy Kane, Ultramagnetic MCs, De La Soul, and A Tribe Called Quest. Gangsta rap is a subgenre of hip hop that often focuses on the violent lifestyles, in the West Coast hip hop style, G-funk dominated mainstream hip hop for several years during the 1990s. I. G. In the 1990s, hip hop began to diversify with other regional styles emerging, such as Southern rap, at the same time, hip hop continued to be assimilated into other genres of popular music, examples being Neo soul and nu metal. Hip hop became a pop music genre in the mid-1990s. The popularity of hip hop music continued through the 2000s, with hip hop influences also increasingly finding their way into mainstream pop, the United States also saw the success of regional styles such as crunk, a Southern genre that emphasized the beats and music more than the lyrics. Starting in 2005, sales of hip hop music in the United States began to severely wane, during the mid-2000s, alternative hip hop secured a place in the mainstream, due in part to the crossover success of artists such as OutKast and Kanye West. Creation of the hip hop is often credited to Keith Cowboy, rapper with Grandmaster Flash. However, Lovebug Starski, Keith Cowboy, and DJ Hollywood used the term when the music was known as disco rap. Cowboy later worked the hip hop cadence into a part of his stage performance, the first use of the term in print was in The Village Voice, by Steven Hager, later author of a 1984 history of hip hop
Hip hop music
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1520 Sedgwick Avenue, the Bronx, a venue used by Kool Herc that is often considered the birthplace of hip hop in 1973
Hip hop music
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DJ Kool Herc, recognized as one of the earliest hip hop artists
Hip hop music
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Grandmaster Flash
Hip hop music
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Afrika Bambaataa (left)
5.
Dance-pop
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Dance-pop is a pop and dance subgenre that originated in the early 1980s. It is generally up-tempo music intended for nightclubs with the intention of being danceable, the genre, on the whole, tends to be producer-driven, despite some notable exceptions. Dance-pop borrowed influences from other genres, which varied by producer, artist, such include contemporary R&B, house, trance, techno, new jack swing, funk, synthpop, electropop and some forms of europop. Dance-pop is a mainstream style of music and there have been numerous pop artists. As the term started to go out of fashion by the late 1970s to early 1980s, other terms were commonly used to describe disco-based music, such as post-disco, club. Dance-pop music emerged in the 1980s as a combination of dance and pop, or post-disco, Dance-pop music was usually created, composed and produced by record producers who would then hire singers to perform the songs. In the beginning of the 80s disco was an anathema to the mainstream pop, according to prominent Allmusic critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine, Madonna had a huge role in popularizing dance music as mainstream music, utilizing her charisma, chutzpah and sex appeal. Erlewine claimed that Madonna launched dance-pop and set the standard for the genre for the two decades. The staff of Vice magazine stated that her debut album drew the blueprint for future dance-pop, in the 1980s dance-pop was closely aligned to other up-tempo electronic genres, such as Hi-NRG. Prominent producers in the 1980s included Stock, Aitken and Waterman, during the decade, dance-pop borrowed influences from funk, new jack swing, and contemporary R&B. Other prominent dance-pop artists and groups of the 1980s included the Pet Shop Boys, Mel and Kim, Samantha Fox, Debbie Gibson, by the 1990s, dance-pop had become a major genre in popular music. Several dance-pop groups and artists emerged during the 1990s, such as the Spice Girls, Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera, Jessica Simpson, Backstreet Boys, during the early 1990s, dance-pop borrowed influences from house music, as well as contemporary R&B and new jack swing. Additionally, also in 1998, Cher released a song called Believe which made usage of a technological innovation of the time. An audio processor and a form of pitch modification software, Auto-Tune is commonly used as a way to correct pitch, since the late 1990s, the use of Auto-Tune processing has become a common feature of dance-pop music. Celine Dion also released a dance-pop song Thats the Way It Is by the end of 1999 and it has a moderately slow tempo but an up-beat song. At the beginning of the 2000s, dance-pop music was still prominent, nonetheless, as R&B and hip hop became extremely popular from the early part of the decade onwards, dance-pop often borrowed a lot of its influences from urban music. Dance-pop stars from the 1980s and 1990s such as Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera, Madonna, Janet Jackson, in Madonnas case, her album Music contained elements of Euro disco, especially the successful eponymous lead single. Britney Spears album Blackout contained influences of Euro disco, the mid-to-late 2000s saw the arrival of several new dance-pop artists, including Rihanna, Kesha, Lady Gaga and Katy Perry
Dance-pop
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Kylie Minogue, a popular and successful dance-pop artist of the late-1980s, 1990s, 2000s and early-2010s.
Dance-pop
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In Japan, Momoiro Clover Z is famous for innovative dance performances.
6.
Synthpop
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Synth-pop is a subgenre of new wave music that first became prominent in the late 1970s and features the synthesizer as the dominant musical instrument. It was prefigured in the 1960s and early 1970s by the use of synthesizers in progressive rock, electronic, art rock, disco, and particularly the Krautrock of bands like Kraftwerk. It arose as a genre in Japan and the United Kingdom in the post-punk era as part of the new wave movement of the late-1970s to the mid-1980s. In Japan, Yellow Magic Orchestras success opened the way for bands such as P-Model, Plastics. The development of polyphonic synthesizers, the definition of MIDI. This, its adoption by the acts from the New Romantic movement, together with the rise of MTV. Synth-pop is sometimes deployed interchangeably with electropop, but electropop may also denote a variant of synth-pop that places emphasis on a harder. In the late 1980s duos such as Erasure and Pet Shop Boys adopted a style that was successful on the US dance-charts. Some artists and bands were criticised for gender bending, Synth-pop was defined by its primary use of synthesizers, drum machines and sequencers, sometimes using them to replace all other instruments. Borthwick and Moy have described the genre as diverse but, many synth-pop musicians had limited musical skills, relying on the technology to produce or reproduce the music. The result was often minimalist, with grooves that were woven together from simple repeated riffs often with no harmonic progression to speak of. Early synth-pop has been described as eerie, sterile, and vaguely menacing, using droning electronics with little change in inflection, common lyrical themes of synth-pop songs were isolation, urban anomie, and feelings of being emotionally cold and hollow. Synthesizers were increasingly used to imitate the conventional and clichéd sound of orchestras, thin, treble-dominant, synthesized melodies and simple drum programmes gave way to thick, and compressed production, and a more conventional drum sound. Lyrics were generally optimistic, dealing with more traditional subject matter for pop music such as romance, escapism. According to music writer Simon Reynolds, the hallmark of 1980s synth-pop was its emotional, at times operatic singers such as Marc Almond, Alison Moyet and Annie Lennox. Because synthesizers removed the need for groups of musicians, these singers were often part of a duo where their partner played all the instrumentation. Later synth-pop saw a shift to a style influenced by other genres. Electronic musical synthesizers that could be used practically in a recording studio became available in the mid-1960s, the portable Minimoog, which allowed much easier use, particularly in live performance was widely adopted by progressive rock musicians such as Richard Wright of Pink Floyd and Rick Wakeman of Yes
Synthpop
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The Prophet-5, one of the first polyphonic synthesizers. It was widely used in 1980s synthpop, along with the Roland Jupiter and Yamaha DX7.
Synthpop
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Kraftwerk, one of the major influences on synthpop, in 1976.
Synthpop
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Yellow Magic Orchestra in 2008.
Synthpop
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Gary Numan performing in 1980
7.
Ed Sheeran
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Edward Christopher Ed Sheeran is an English singer-songwriter and record producer. He was born in Halifax, West Yorkshire, and raised in Framlingham and he attended the Academy of Contemporary Music in Guildford, Surrey, as an undergraduate from the age of 18 in autumn 2009. In early 2011, Sheeran independently released the play, No.5 Collaborations Project. After signing with Asylum Records, his album, +, was released on 9 September 2011 and has since been certified seven-times platinum in the UK. The album contains the single The A Team, which earned him the Ivor Novello Award for Best Song Musically and Lyrically, in 2012, Sheeran won the Brit Awards for Best British Male Solo Artist and British Breakthrough Act. Sheerans popularity abroad began in 2012, in the US, he made a guest appearance on Taylor Swifts fourth studio album, Red. The A Team was nominated for Song of the Year at the 2013 Grammy Awards and he spent much of 2013 opening for Swifts The Red Tour in North America dates. In late 2013, he performed three shows at New Yorks Madison Square Garden as a headline act. His second studio album, x, was released on 23 June 2014 and it peaked at number one in the UK and the US. In 2015, x won the Brit Award for Album of the Year and his single from x, Thinking Out Loud, earned him two Grammy Awards at the 2016 ceremony, Song of the Year and Best Pop Solo Performance. As part of his tour, Sheeran played three sold-out concerts at Londons Wembley Stadium in July 2015, his biggest solo shows to date. Sheerans third album, ÷, was released in March 2017, the album debuted at number one in the UK, the US and other major markets. He also became the first artist to have two songs debut in the US top 10 in the same week, Sheeran appeared on Debretts 2017 list of the most influential people in the UK. Sheeran was born in Halifax, West Yorkshire, and moved with his family to Framlingham in Suffolk when he was a child and he has an older brother named Matthew, who works as a composer. Their parents, John and Imogen, are London-born and his paternal grandparents were Irish, and Sheeran has stated his father hailed from a very large Catholic family. John is an art curator and lecturer, and Imogen is a culture publicist turned jewellery designer and his parents ran Sheeran Lock, an independent art consultancy, from 1990 to 2010. Their work usually took them to London, and they spent their weekends travelling with their children, Sheerans early childhood memories include listening to the records of Bob Dylan and Eric Clapton. According to Sheeran, the album that first introduced him to music was Van Morrisons Irish Heartbeat, during his childhood, John took him to a number of live concerts that would later inspire his musical creations
Ed Sheeran
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Sheeran performing in Sydney, Australia, February 2013
Ed Sheeran
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Sheeran at Academy 1, Manchester Dot to Dot Festival, June 2011
Ed Sheeran
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Sheeran at the Frequency Festival in Austria, August 2012
8.
Don't (Ed Sheeran song)
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Dont is a song recorded by English singer-songwriter, Ed Sheeran, for his second studio album, ×. Written by Sheeran and Benny Blanco and produced by Blanco and Rick Rubin and it was initially planned as the albums lead single, but was passed over in favour of Sing. It was instead released to iTunes on 13 June 2014 as the instant grat promotional single from ×. Dont officially impacted US contemporary hit radio on 15 July 2014 and was released independently on 24 August 2014 as the second single. Dont peaked at No.8 on the UK Singles Chart, in the US, it became Sheerans first top 10 single. It also made the top 10 in eight other countries, the song developed from a riff, which Sheeran had on his phone for a year. Sheeran first recorded the track with producer, Benny Blanco, who was credited as co-writer under his real name. Sheeran recorded it again with Rick Rubin, the two producers coming together to produce the final cut. Dont is an R&B song with a blue-eyed soul hymn, the lyrics consist of three verses, which Sheeran elaborated, The first verse is the setup, the second explains the situation, and the third is the outcome, with a chorus in between each. A lyrical screed, it alludes to events attendant to the short-lived relationship Sheeran had with another singer and he sings, For me and her, we make money the same way/ Four cities, two planes in the same day. Sheeran scorned the former girl for having sex with another guy, Sheeran revealed he wrote the song out of frustration, and, story-wise, the lyrics are self-explanatory. The song was therapeutic because writing it made him feel better afterwards, about his other songs, Sheeran has openly stated who inspired the lyrical content. But since the release of Dont, he had remained silent to whom the song is directed to. In a 2014 interview with Rolling Stone, Sheeran articulated that he had dated a few singers, but friend, Taylor Swift, was not among them, tabloids linked the singers, Selena Gomez and Ellie Goulding, to Sheeran. On 31 October 2015, Fuse posted an interview in which Sheeran says, Dont is just a song close to the bone. I just wont say who its about because, I mean everyone, everyone fucking knows anyway. But like I just wont say who its about cause its quite a negative song, in 2015, Ellie Goulding released On My Mind for her third studio album, Delirium. The song was described by critics as an answer song to Dont
Don't (Ed Sheeran song)
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Tabloids linked singer Ellie Goulding (pictured) to Sheeran
Don't (Ed Sheeran song)
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"Don't"
9.
Castle on the Hill (song)
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Castle on the Hill is a song by English singer-songwriter Ed Sheeran. It was released as a download on 6 January 2017 as one of the lead singles from his third studio album ÷. Castle on the Hill was written and produced by Ed Sheeran, the theme of the single surrounds Sheerans home town of Framlingham, and he reminisces tales of smoking hand-rolled cigarettes and getting drunk friends at this place, living life as a teenager. The castle mentioned in the song is Framlingham Castle, and in January 2017, jon Caramanica from The New York Times said, Castle on the Hill has U2 influenced nervous guitar builds and wistful, largely generic lyrics about the people who shaped him. Needless to say, Sheeran is telling the world hes back in compelling fashion, jeremy Gordon of Spin gave the song a positive review, stating that the song sort of sounds like late period Coldplay, big, broad stroke music for arenas and Wembley performances. There’s a lyric about driving down a road while listening to Elton John’s “Tiny Dancer. Castle on the Hill debuted at two on the UK Singles Chart on 13 January, selling 193,000 combined units in its first week. Sheeran also debuted at one with Shape of You, making him the only artist in UK chart history to debut in the top two positions in the same week. Castle on the Hill debuted at one on the Scottish Singles Chart behind Shape of You. The song was certified silver in the first week due to selling 200,000 units, the song remained at number two in its second week, selling 100,000 units. The song debuted at six on the Billboard Hot 100, selling 171,000 downloads. Sheeran also became the first artist to debut two songs in the top 10 in the week in the history of the Hot 100. Castle on the Hill was accompanied by a lyric video upon its release, as of 4 April 2017, the lyric video on YouTube has amassed over 210 million views. The official music video for the song was released on 23 January 2017 and it was directed by George Belfield and produced by Tom Gardner, and it features a group of adolescents living their youth with parallels being made to Sheerans own youth. The video was filmed throughout Suffolk with locations including Framlingham, Boyton marshes, Mildenhall Stadium, the final shot shows Framlingham Castle. Ed Sheeran stated on The Graham Norton Show that the man playing him in the video went to the same school as Sheeran. As of 4 April 2017, the video on YouTube has amassed over 138 million views
Castle on the Hill (song)
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Tarantula
10.
Justin Bieber
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Justin Drew Bieber is a Canadian singer and songwriter. After a talent manager discovered him through his YouTube videos covering songs in 2008 and signed to RBMG, Bieber released his debut EP, My World and it was certified Platinum in the U. S. He became the first artist to have seven songs from a record chart on the Billboard Hot 100. Bieber released his first full-length studio album, My World 2.0 and it debuted at or near number one in several countries, was certified triple Platinum in the U. S. and contained his single Baby. He released his studio album, Under the Mistletoe, in November 2011. Bieber released his studio album, Believe, in 2012. His fourth studio album Purpose was released in November 2015, spawning three number one singles, What Do You Mean and his U. S. album and singles sales total 44.7 million. He has sold an estimated 100 million records, making him one of the world’s best-selling music artists, Bieber has won numerous awards, including the American Music Award for Artist of the Year in 2010 and 2012. In his career, he has won one Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording for the song Where Are Ü Now at the 2016 ceremony. He has been listed four times by Forbes magazine among the top ten most powerful celebrities in the world in 2011,2012, Bieber also became the first artist to surpass 10 billion total video views on Vevo. Bieber was born on March 1,1994, in London, Ontario, at St Josephs Hospital and he is the only child of Jeremy Jack Bieber and Patricia Pattie Mallette. Pattie raised her son with the help of her mother, Diane and his mother is of French-Canadian descent, his paternal great-grandfather was of German ancestry, and his other roots are English, Scottish and Irish. He has also claimed that he has some undetermined Aboriginal Canadian ancestry, through Jeremy, Bieber has two younger half-siblings, Jazmyn and Jaxon. Pattie worked a series of low-paying office jobs, raising Bieber as a mother in low-income housing. Bieber has maintained contact with his father, Bieber attended a French-language immersion elementary school in Stratford, the Jeanne Sauvé Catholic School. Growing up, he learned to play the piano, drums, guitar and he graduated from high school in Stratford, Ontario, the St. Michael Catholic Secondary School in 2012 with a 4.0 GPA. In early 2007, aged 12, Bieber sang Ne-Yos So Sick for a singing competition in Stratford and was placed second. Mallette posted a video of the performance on YouTube for their family and she continued to upload videos of Bieber singing covers of various R&B songs, and Biebers popularity on the site grew
Justin Bieber
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Bieber at the 2012 NRJ Music Awards
Justin Bieber
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Bieber in 2010, displaying his earlier haircut.
Justin Bieber
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Bieber performing during his Believe Tour in October 2012.
Justin Bieber
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Bieber performing in Zürich, 2011
11.
Love Yourself
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Love Yourself is a song recorded by Canadian singer Justin Bieber for his fourth studio album Purpose. The song was released first as a single on November 9,2015. It was written by Ed Sheeran, Benny Blanco and kutti, an acoustic pop song, Love Yourself features an electric guitar and a brief flurry of trumpets as its main instrumentation. During the song, Bieber uses a tone in the lower registers. Lyrically, the song is a kiss-off to a narcissistic ex-lover who did the protagonist wrong, Love Yourself topped the charts in fifteen countries, including Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and Sweden. Love Yourself was nominated for two Grammy Awards, Song of the Year and Best Pop Solo Performance and it was the seventh-best-selling song of 2016 in the US. The music video for the song was released along with the Purpose and it features a couple doing an interpretive dance on their house. Bieber promoted the song with performances on TV shows, as well as awards shows throughout 2015-2016, on September 29,2015, Justin Bieber announced in an interview with Australias Sunrise morning show that British singer and songwriter Ed Sheeran had written a song for his then-upcoming album. Later, during an interview for Capital FM, Bieber revealed details about the song, saying, Its just me, basically that’s how I started, playing on the street with a guitar. ’ and telling the same story. In another interview for the radio network, he commented about the collaboration, stating. Just getting us together, you know, in the room cause we did a lot of it separate. He is a guy, super talented. Really good songwriter so just to be able to work with that calibre of songwriter was really, really awesome, in 2017, Sheeran revealed that Love Yourself was written for his third album ÷. He said in an interview that the track would have been scrapped before Bieber took the song, on November 9,2015 Love Yourself premiered on Beats 1 along with The Feeling. The song was made available on iTunes in the same day as a promotional single of Purpose. Love Yourself was written by Ed Sheeran, Benny Blanco and Justin Bieber, with production being done by Benny Blanco and it features background vocals by Sheeran. Biebers vocals range from the note of B3 to B4 and it is an acoustic pop song, featuring just vocals, an electric guitar, and a brief flurry of trumpets, which was considered the most subdued and least electronic of Biebers new tracks. Lyrically, Love Yourself is a kiss-off to a narcissistic ex-lover who did the protagonist wrong, with Bieber singing in a snappy, and I like to admit that I was wrong
Love Yourself
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Love Yourself 愛自己
12.
Major Lazer
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Major Lazer is an American electronic music trio composed of record producer Diplo, Jillionaire, and Walshy Fire. It was founded by Diplo and Switch, but Switch left in 2011 and its music spans numerous genres, mixing reggae with dancehall, reggaeton, house, and moombahton. Major Lazer has released three albums, Guns Dont Kill People. Lazers Do in 2009, Free the Universe in 2013, and it also released an EP entitled Apocalypse Soon in March 2014, which featured vocal contributions from Pharrell Williams and Sean Paul. Major Lazer has also produced Reincarnated, the reggae album by Snoop Dogg under his Snoop Lion persona. Originally made up of DJs Diplo and Switch, the two were introduced while working with M. I. A, the duos first album Guns Dont Kill People. Lazers Do was released on 16 June 2009, on Downtown Records and it was recorded in Jamaica at Tuff Gong Studios. This is the first release to come out of the partnership between Downtown Records and Diplos label Mad Decent. Major Lazer ended a US tour last summer, the albums first single was Hold the Line, the video for which, directed by Eric Wareheim, was nominated for a MTV Video Award in the Breakthrough Video category. Hold the Line was also featured in the video game FIFA10, the track Zumbie has a music video that features comedian Andy Milonakis. Music videos for the songs Pon de Floor, Keep It Going Louder, in June 2009, Major Lazer were featured for the first time on the cover of the publication The FADER, in its 62nd issue. Major Lazer performed at the Falls Music & Arts Festival on 30 December 2009 and they also performed at the Pitchfork Music Festival in July 2010 and the Sasquatch Music Festival on Monday 30 May 2011. Live visuals were created by Pomp&Clout, Major Lazer performed at the 2011 Outside Lands festival in San Francisco. A mixtape with La Roux entitled Lazerproof was made available for download on 26 May. Diplo posted cover art on his Twitpic and it is the character Major Lazer in War Machines silver suit, Elly Jackson of La Roux in the signature Iron Man suit, and Whiplash, the villain in the Iron Man 2 movie. On 20 June 2010, the released a EP titled Lazers Never Die. It contained two new songs and three remixes, by Thom Yorke and others, Switch provided production for Beyoncés Run the World, which sampled Pon de Floor. Major Lazer also features in the track, Look at Where We Are, from the version of Hot Chips album In Our Heads
Major Lazer
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Diplo and Walshy Fire of Major Lazer performing at the Flow Festival in Helsinki, Finland, August 2015
Major Lazer
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At Coachella Festival, 2010.
Major Lazer
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Diplo and Jillionaire performing at the Congress Theater, Chicago, in 2013.
Major Lazer
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Walshy Fire of Major Lazer performing at Flow Festival in Helsinki, Finland, August 2015
13.
Maroon 5
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Maroon 5 is an American pop rock band that originated in Los Angeles, California. The band, which self-released an album called We Like Digging, then signed to Reprise Records and released the album The Fourth World in 1997. After the album garnered a tepid response, the band parted ways with the record label, in 2001, the band changed its image by adding guitarist James Valentine and pursuing a different direction under the name Maroon 5. At this point, Carmichael switched to playing keyboards, which has become his main instrument in the band. After these changes, Maroon 5 signed with a subsidiary of J Records, Octone Records, the albums lead single, Harder to Breathe, received heavy airplay, which helped the album to debut at number six on the Billboard 200 chart. In 2004, the album went platinum and has dubbed the sleeper hit of the millennium. The band won the Grammy Award for Best New Artist in 2005, for the next few years, Maroon 5 toured extensively worldwide in support of Songs About Jane and produced two live recordings, 2004s 1.22.03. Acoustic and 2005s Live – Friday the 13th. In 2006, Dusick officially left Maroon 5 after suffering from serious wrist, the band then recorded their second album, It Wont Be Soon Before Long and released it in May 2007. The album reached number one on the US Billboard 200 chart, in September 2010, Maroon 5 released their third studio album Hands All Over, which was re-released in 2011 to include the single Moves like Jagger featuring Christina Aguilera. While the original version of the album received mixed reviews, Moves like Jagger reached the one position on the Billboard Hot 100. The band released their album, Overexposed, on June 26,2012. All four singles of the album were successful on the Billboard Hot 100, including second single One More Night. Keyboardist PJ Morton became a member of the band in 2012. The addition of PJ Morton meant that for the first time, in 2014, the band signed with Interscope Records and released their fifth studio album, V. Maroon 5 has sold more than 20 million albums and 70 million singles worldwide, Adam Levine was introduced to Ryan Dusick by a mutual friend and guitarist, Adam Salzman. Levine was 15 years old and Dusick was 16, three of the five members of the band started playing together at age 12. The four original members of the band met while attending Brentwood EMH School in Los Angeles, while attending Brentwood EMH School, Adam Levine and Jesse Carmichael joined up with Mickey Madden and Ryan Dusick to form Karas Flowers, a rock band. The name was taken from a girl went to their high school that the band had a collective crush on
Maroon 5
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Maroon 5 in 2011 (from left to right: Mickey Madden, Adam Levine, James Valentine, Jesse Carmichael, PJ Morton, and Matt Flynn).
Maroon 5
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Maroon 5 in concert in 2004
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Maroon 5 in Madison Square Garden in 2007
14.
Moves like Jagger
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The song was written by Adam Levine, Ammar Malik, Benjamin Levin, and Shellback, the latter two are also the producers. Moves Like Jagger is a dance-pop and electropop song and is backed by synths, the lyrics refer to a males ability to impress a love interest with his dance moves, which he compares to those of Mick Jagger, lead singer of The Rolling Stones. Moves Like Jagger was well received by critics, who praised the songs chorus. Praise also went to the vocals of Levine and Aguilera, with pointing out solid chemistry between the two. Likewise, the song was a success, going on to top the charts in over 18 countries. In the United States, Moves Like Jagger became the bands second, worldwide, it was the ninth-best-selling digital single of 2011 with sales of 7 million copies. As of 2016, the ranks as one of the eight best-selling digital singles of all time with sales of over 15 million copies. The music video was directed by Jonas Åkerlund, the video features an old video footage of Jagger and his iconic dance moves. Moves Like Jagger was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance at the 54th Grammy Awards but lost to Body and Soul by Tony Bennett, the song was first performed in June 2011 on an episode of The Voice. Moves like Jagger was written and produced by Juan and Karthikeya while additional writing was done by Adam Levine, when asked about the song, Levine said, It was one of those songs that was definitely a risk, its a bold statement. Weve never really released a song like that, but its exciting to do something different, do something new. Im just happy everyone likes it, Moves like Jagger is a dance-pop and electropop song, with elements of disco, pop, rock and soul. It features a throbbing synth, fast-paced beat and electronic drums, robbie Daw from Idolator wrote that Moves like Jagger slightly echoes The Rolling Stones chart-topping 1978 classic Miss You, and added that Levine’s voice is distorted via Auto-Tune on the chorus. The song is introduced by a melody and light, funky guitar in the key of B minor with a tempo of 128 beats per minute. Bill Lamb from About. com gave the song a positive review, Lamb wrote that, The funky, whistle driven melody here is loose, light, and irresistibly funky. The punchy guest vocal from fellow judge Christina Aguilera is simply icing on the cake, there is a real vocal chemistry between Aguilera and Levine. Lamb called the song a summer song, writing that It is light, danceable. Robbie Daw from Idolator wrote that It takes a two minutes and 15 seconds for Christinas soulful pipes to begin trilling on Moves like Jagger
Moves like Jagger
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The song made Aguilera only the second female artist to have a number one single in the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s, along with Britney Spears.
Moves like Jagger
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"Moves like Jagger"
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Levine and Aguilera singing together in the music video.
15.
Payphone (song)
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Payphone is a song performed by American pop rock band Maroon 5 featuring American rapper Wiz Khalifa. The song was released on April 17,2012, as the single from their fourth studio album. The song was written by Adam Levine, Benny Blanco, Ammar Malik, Robopop, Shellback and Khalifa and produced by Blanco, the song is a pop ballad and describes a romance that ended abruptly. It has received reviews from music critics, who praised the catchy melody and named it a radio success. Because of this, he must escape from a fleet of policemen, the video was positively received from critics, who considered it an enjoyable mini-action film. On the Billboard Hot 100, the song debuted at the three spot before peaking at number two. The song sold 493,000 copies in its first week, becoming the best sales week for a song by a group. It peaked at one in Canada for eight consecutive weeks. It also topped the charts in the United Kingdom, making it the bands first ever single to do so, Payphone was the worlds fifth best-selling single of 2012 with 9.5 million copies sold. Levine, Blanco, Shellback, and Malik also wrote the previous single Moves Like Jagger. The writing process started when Malik and Robopop constructed a piano line and they gave it to Levine, who wrote the lyrics. Blanco also wanted to throw a wrench into the Maroon 5 works by adding hip-hop flavor to the its sound, I love when things dont make sense, like and you dont hear him on the song at all. I like when bands dip into a different genre. For this, he commissioned Wiz Khalifa to write and rap a verse on Payphone, in an interview with Rolling Stone, Blanco told that five minutes before Khalifa arrived at the studio, he prepared the sound beds for the finger snap-driven portion of the jam. However, producer Max Martin, who was the producer of Overexposed, adjusted the chorus. Shellback recorded Payphone at Conway Studios in Los Angeles alongside Noah Mailbox Pasovoy, john Hanes mixed the song at Mixstar Studios in Virginia Beach and Phil Seaford was the mixing assistant. Jeremy Jbogs Levin and David D Silb Silberstein served as production coordinators, Khalifa appears as courtesy of Rostrum Records. Payphone was released as a single from Overexposed
Payphone (song)
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A still from the video, where Adam Levine is at a phone booth, making a call from a payphone.
Payphone (song)
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"Payphone"
Payphone (song)
16.
Maps (Maroon 5 song)
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Maps is a song by American pop rock band Maroon 5. The song was released on June 16,2014, as the single from their fifth studio album V. The song was written by Adam Levine, Ammar Malik, Benjamin Levin, Noel Zancanella and Ryan Tedder, the song is a pop rock song with influences of dance-pop. Maps received mainly positive reviews music critics, with praise going to the songs melody. However, some criticized the song for being similar to their previous lead single on their last album, the song was a commercial success, reaching number-one in Canada and peaking at number six on the Billboard Hot 100 and number two on the UK Singles Chart. The song also reached the top 20 in over 25 countries, including France, Germany, a music video for the song was released on July 1,2014. It was inspired by the film Irréversible, and shows the events occur in the video in reverse. Maroon 5 has performed the song multiple times, including on The Today Show. The song was written by Adam Levine, Ammar Malik, Ryan Tedder, Benny Blanco and Noel Zancanella, and produced by the latter three. Blanco and Malik have previously teamed with Maroon 5 on the songs Moves like Jagger and Payphone, while Tedder and Zancanella have worked with the group on the songs Love Somebody and Lucky Strike. Maps is a pop rock track, composed in the key of C ♯ minor. It marks Maroon 5s further departure from the sound for which the band was originally known. The official remix features a new verse from Big Sean and new production beats, lyrically, the song is about the search for love, particularly a love that has been lost and needs to be found. In the chorus, Adam Levine sings All the roads you took came back to me / So Im following the map leads to you. He also added that the influence of Ryan Tedder is evident, jeff Benjamin of Fuse compared the opening guitar licks to the California-cool sound of Red Hot Chili Peppers. Music Times commented, With his singsong melody over the relaxed, plucked guitars and subtle drums, shortly after its release, Maps quickly reached number one on the Billboard Twitter Real Time Trending 140 chart, eventually staying within the upper ranks for several hours. The song also logged close to 1,800 first-day spins on radio which, according to the Nielsen BDS and it has since peaked at number six on the Billboard Hot 100. It reached its million sales mark in August 2014 and had sold 1.6 million copies by the years end, the single debuted at number two on the UK Singles Chart in late August 2014
Maps (Maroon 5 song)
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"Maps"
17.
Animals (Maroon 5 song)
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Animals is a song by American pop rock band Maroon 5. It was released on August 25,2014 as the official single from the bands fifth studio album. It was written by Adam Levine, Benny Blanco and Shellback, the official Remix features J. Cole and another remix features Big Boi. The lyric video for the song was released on August 22,2014 on Vevo, a snippet of Animals was featured in a Kia Soul commercial, published on August 21,2014. For a limited time after the commercial premiered, the song was available for download on the official Kia website. The song peaked at three on the US Billboard Hot 100 giving Maroon 5 their tenth top 10 single in the U. S. Rolling Stone ranked Animals at number 32 on its year-end list of the 50 best songs of 2014, the music video, directed by Samuel Bayer was released on September 29,2014. It mainly features Adam Levine and his wife, Behati Prinsloo, the other musicians of Maroon 5 also make an appearance - they are seen playing at a nightclub in some scenes of the video. The video starts with a woman entering a slaughterhouse, where Levines character works, after she leaves, an infatuated Levine begins to stalk the woman by following her in the streets and standing outside her apartment in the pouring rain to watch her. He also watches the woman in her sleep and takes photos of Prinsloo which he later trims. Intercut with this are scenes of a shirtless Levine dripping in blood, singing the song inside a meat locker. One evening, Levine follows the woman into a nightclub, where he tries to talk to her, though Prinsloo is amused by Levine and his interest in her, she spends the evening talking to her girlfriends instead. Eventually, Levine is left with no luck, so he goes back to fantasizing about the girl. After an erotic dream, Levine wakes up in a shock and returns to his stalking Prinsloo by standing outside her apartment in the rain watching in a dazed state, the final scenes feature Levine and Prinsloo as obsessed lovers kissing—whilst disrobed and covered in fake blood. The music video was heavily panned by critics and has been condemned for dehumanizing women, RAINN released a statement condemning the video, which wrote that No one should ever confuse the criminal act of stalking with romance. The trivialisation of these crimes, like stalking, should have no place in the entertainment industry. In the United States, the song debuted at number 86 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart, the song reached its million sales mark in the US in November 2014. The song peaked at three on the Billboard Hot 100 issue dating November 22,2014 and spent fourteen weeks in the top 10
Animals (Maroon 5 song)
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"Animals"
18.
Katy Perry
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Katheryn Elizabeth Hudson, known professionally as Katy Perry, is an American singer and songwriter. After singing in church during her childhood, she pursued a career in music as a teenager. Perry signed with Red Hill Records and released her studio album Katy Hudson under her birth name in 2001. She moved to Los Angeles the following year to venture into music after Red Hill ceased operations and she subsequently began working with producers Glen Ballard, Dr. Luke. After adopting the stage name Katy Perry and being dropped by The Island Def Jam Music Group and Columbia Records, the album became the first by a female artist to produce five number-one songs in the U. S. and the second overall after Michael Jacksons album Bad. In March 2012, she re-issued the album as Teenage Dream, The Complete Confection and her fourth album, Prism, was released in 2013, and is influenced by pop and dance. She became the first artist with multiple videos to one billion views on Vevo with the videos for its songs Roar. Perry has received awards, including four Guinness World Records, a Brit Award, and a Juno Award. Her estimated net worth as of 2016 is $125 million and she is one of the best-selling musical artists of all time, having sold 100 million records globally throughout her career. In film, she released a documentary titled Katy Perry, Part of Me in 2012. Katheryn Elizabeth Hudson was born in Santa Barbara, California, to Pentecostal pastors Mary Christine and her parents are born again Christians, each having turned to religion after a wild youth. Perry has English, German, Irish, and Portuguese ancestry, through her mother, she is a niece of film director Frank Perry. She has a brother named David, who is a singer. From ages 3 to 11, Perry often moved across the country as her parents set up churches before settling again in Santa Barbara. Growing up, she attended schools and camps, including Paradise Valley Christian School in Arizona. Her family struggled financially, sometimes using food stamps and eating from the bank intended to feed the congregation at her parents church. Growing up, Perry and her siblings were not allowed to eat Lucky Charms as the term luck reminded their mother of Lucifer, Perry primarily listened to gospel music, as secular music was generally discouraged in the familys home. She discovered popular music through CDs she sneaked from her friends, while not strictly identifying as religious, Perry has stated, I pray all the time – for self-control, for humility
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Perry at the 2014 ARIA Music Awards
Katy Perry
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Perry was part of the 2008 Warped Tour lineup
Katy Perry
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Perry's California Dreams Tour grossed over $59 million
Katy Perry
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Perry performing during The Prismatic World Tour in July 2014
19.
Teenage Dream (Katy Perry song)
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Teenage Dream is a song by American singer Katy Perry. It was released as the single from her third studio album of the same name on July 23,2010. Perry and Bonnie McKee wrote many songs with themes in mind. Blanco showed them The Teenagers single Homecoming, and McKee imagined Teenage Dream as a song to the euphoric feelings of being in love as a teenager. They met with Max Martin in Perrys hometown of Santa Barbara, California and started writing the track at Playback Recording Studio, after Perry recorded her vocals, McKee presented her idea and the chorus was rewritten. Perry also described the song as reminiscent of her youth while contemplating her future marriage to Russell Brand, musically, Teenage Dream is a mid-tempo pop song with a retro sound. It is styled in the genres of pop and electropop, while taking influence from other genres such as disco. Perry starts the song in a voice while her vocals grow stronger as the song progresses. Lyrically, Teenage Dream discusses being with a lover who makes one feel young again, the song has topped the Billboard Hot 100, becoming Perrys third number-one single on that chart, and her second consecutive number-one single after California Gurls. Teenage Dream has been certified seven times platinum in the United States, a music video for the song was filmed in various locations around Perrys hometown in Santa Barbara, California and was directed by Yoann Lemoine. The video showcases Perry being in love with her high school lover, Perry has performed the song on Saturday Night Live, the 2010 Teen Choice Awards, 53rd Grammy Awards and other occasions. Teenage Dream was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance, rolling Stone listed the song as the fourth best song of 2010 while Billboard declared it the second best song of the 2010s. The song is featured in the Best Buy edition of Just Dance 3, the song has been covered numerous times appearing on such as American Idol, The Voice, and Glee. When Perry and McKee first met in 2004, they both were really into Lolita and had a fascination with the adolescent state of mind. For the Teenage Dream sessions, Perry and McKee had a forever young idea in mind, Perry at first wrote a lyric about Peter Pan, but they later deemed it as too young since we wanted it to have more edge, more sex. Another version included the lines And the next thing you know / Youre a mom in a minivan, there was a final version that was based around the metaphor of trying me on comparing clothes to sex, in a similar manner to Madonnas 1985 single Dress You Up. It was rejected by the producers, as McKee explained, Luke always makes us Benny Proof everything and he says that if Benny doesnt get it, America wont get it. Blanco showed them The Teenagerss 2007 single Homecoming and asked them to write in a similar style, McKee said that looked at each other with dread, knowing we had to start all over again
Teenage Dream (Katy Perry song)
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Perry performing "Teenage Dream" at the California Dreams Tour
Teenage Dream (Katy Perry song)
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"Teenage Dream"
Teenage Dream (Katy Perry song)
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Perry during a beach party in the music video for "Teenage Dream".
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Perry performing "Teenage Dream" during the California Dreams Tour in 2011
20.
California Gurls
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California Gurls is a song recorded by American singer Katy Perry for her third studio album, Teenage Dream. The song features verses from rapper Snoop Dogg, both artists co-wrote the song with Bonnie McKee and its co-producers Dr. Luke and Max Martin, with additional production from Benny Blanco. According to Perry, the song is a song to Empire State of Mind, by Jay-Z. California Gurls is a midtempo disco-pop, and funk-pop song, with influences of new wave and its lyrics are an ode to the state of California, in which both Perry and Snoop Dogg were born and raised. California Gurls garnered positive reviews music critics, with the majority of them labeling it a summer anthem, as well as complimenting its production. Originally intended to be sent to mainstream and rhythmic airplay on May 25,2010 and it was subsequently released to iTunes on May 11,2010 as the albums lead single. The song was a success, peaking at number-one on the Billboard Hot 100 for six consecutive weeks, giving Perry her second US number-one single in. The song reached number-one in ten countries, including Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand. A music video for the song was released on June 15,2010, Perry has said that the inspiration behind the video was artist Will Cotton, who was also the artistic director of the video. It has been noted that the video is influenced by other works, including Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, Alices Adventures in Wonderland. On December 2,2010, the received a Grammy nomination for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals. In 2012, Billboard ranked the number one on a special The 30 Summer Songs of All Time listing. She said that she wanted to write a song about California girls, and its been a minute since weve had a California song and especially from a girls perspective. We took the references of Prince, which is always a great reference, almost that house music, some of those references. Initially the song was titled California Girls, but the spelling was changed to California Gurls after the passing of Big Star member Alex Chilton as a nod to their song, September Gurls. After the song was leaked online, Capitol Records decided to release it early, and it was posted on Perrys official website, the artwork was also released, featuring Perry laying out on the beach sand with a bejeweled bikini. Perry used Wikipedia to research which rapper she wanted to collaborate with for California Gurls, California Gurls is composed in styles of disco-pop and funk-pop while bearing influence of new wave music and electropop within its composition. According to digital sheet music published at Musicnotes. com by Sony-ATV Music Publishing, the song is written in the key of F major, Perrys vocal range in the song spans from the lower note of C4 to the higher note of D5
California Gurls
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Perry found Snoop Dogg as a rapper with whom to collaborate on "California Gurls" through a search on Wikipedia.
California Gurls
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"California Gurls"
California Gurls
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Perry performing "California Gurls" at the California Dreams Tour in 2011.
California Gurls
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Perry in a soundcheck at the MuchMusic Video Awards in 2010
21.
Rihanna
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Robyn Rihanna Fenty is a Barbadian singer, songwriter, and actress. Born in Saint Michael and raised in Bridgetown, she first entered the industry by recording demo tapes under the direction of record producer Evan Rogers in 2003. She ultimately signed a contract with Def Jam Recordings after auditioning for its then-president. She assumed creative control for her studio album Good Girl Gone Bad. Its successful lead single Umbrella became a breakthrough in her career. After releasing four consecutive platinum albums, including the Grammy Award winner Unapologetic. Her eighth studio album Anti and its lead single Work reached number-one on the Billboard 200, with sales exceeding 230 million records worldwide, Rihanna is one of the best-selling artists of all time. Widely recognized for reinventing her style, she received the Fashion Icon lifetime achievement award from the Council of Fashion Designers of America in 2014. Forbes ranked Rihanna the fourth most powerful celebrity of 2012, and was named one of Times 100 Most Influential People in the World later that year, Robyn Rihanna Fenty was born on February 20,1988, in Saint Michael, Barbados. Her mother, Monica, is an accountant of African American background. Rihanna has two brothers, Rorrey and Rajad Fenty, and two half-sisters and a half-brother from her fathers side, each born to different mothers from his previous relationships. She grew up in a bungalow in Bridgetown and sold clothes with her father in a stall on the street. Rihannas childhood was affected by her fathers addiction to crack cocaine. As a child, she went through a lot of CT scans for the excruciating headaches she suffered, even thought it was a tumor, by the time she was fourteen, Rihanna’s parents had divorced and her health began to improve. Rihanna grew up listening to music and began singing at around the age of seven. She attended Charles F. Broome Memorial Primary School and Combermere High School, Rihanna was an army cadet in a sub-military programme, the singer-songwriter Shontelle was her drill sergeant. Although she initially wanted to graduate high school, she chose to pursue a musical career instead. In 2003, Rihanna formed a trio with two of her classmates
Rihanna
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Rihanna grew up in the city of Bridgetown, Barbados.
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Rihanna performing during the Diamonds World Tour in 2013
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Rihanna performing at the KIIS-FM Jingle Ball, 2005
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Rihanna in Minneapolis performing on her Loud Tour, June 2011
22.
Diamonds (Rihanna song)
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Diamonds is a song recorded by Barbadian singer Rihanna for her seventh studio album, Unapologetic. It was written by Sia Furler together with its producers, Benny Blanco, the song premiered on September 26,2012, during the Elvis Duran and the Morning Show and was digitally released the following day as the lead single from Unapologetic. Def Jam Recordings serviced the single to hit radio in the United States on October 2. Diamonds is a pop, electronic and R&B ballad that features heavy synthesizers, orchestral sounds. The songs lyrics serve as a departure from the themes of relationships that were on Rihannas previous singles. Diamonds was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America. By May 2013, it had sold over 7.5 million copies worldwide, the songs music video was shot by director Anthony Mandler, a frequent collaborator of Rihannas, and depicts her in four environments that represent the elements of earth, air, water, and fire. The video received positive reviews and was praised for its imagery, some critics believe that the heavily tattooed man intertwined with Rihannas arm in the video resembles Chris Brown. The singer performed Diamonds on television such as Saturday Night Live and The X Factor and included it on the 777, Diamonds, Monster Tour. The American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers recognized it as one of the most performed songs of 2013 and 2014, the official remix of Diamonds featured rapper Kanye West and was released on November 16,2012. The song has been covered by recording artists, including Josef Salvat. In 2012, American songwriter and record producer Benny Blanco met with Norwegian production duo StarGate at a studio in New York City to write new songs. StarGate had previously produced her singles Dont Stop the Music and Only Girl, but thats how it always happens like with me. They produced the songs drum beat after the other instrumental music was recorded. StarGates Mikkel Eriksen told The New York Times that Blanco took a recorded snippet of Eriksens singing, altered it electronically and he then applied timbre and used audio software to create ghostly accompaniment lines. Eriksen described Blancos style as unorthodox, as he almost never plays the keyboards but throws in weird samples, Australian singer-songwriter Sia later joined them and wrote the lyrics for Diamonds in 14 minutes. After the song was completed, they wanted to play it to Rihanna, after StarGate played it to her, they called Blanco from London and told him that she liked the song, Shes flippin out. She played it like seven times in a row, phil Tan and the assistant Daniela Rivera, mixed and mastered Diamonds
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Australian singer-songwriter Sia (left) wrote the lyrics, while producer Benny Blanco (right) co-wrote and co-produced "Diamonds" with StarGate.
Diamonds (Rihanna song)
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"Diamonds"
Diamonds (Rihanna song)
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"Diamonds" became Rihanna's twelfth number one on the US Billboard Hot 100, tying her with Madonna (pictured) and The Supremes as the artists with the fifth-most number ones in the chart's history.
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Rihanna performing "Diamonds" during the Diamonds World Tour in 2013.
23.
Kesha
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Kesha Rose Sebert is an American singer, songwriter, and rapper. In 2005, at age 18, Kesha was signed to producer Dr. Lukes label Kemosabe Records and her breakthrough came in early 2009 after appearing on American rapper Flo Ridas number-one single Right Round. Her debut album, Animal, and her first extended play, Keshas music and image propelled her to immediate commercial success, with Animal debuting as the number-one album in the United States. She also achieved two number-one singles, Tik Tok and We R Who We R, and a string of singles from the album. At the same time, she continued to write songs for other artists, Warrior, her second studio album, was released in 2012, spawning Keshas eighth top-ten single with Die Young, and her ninth and tenth Top 40 hits with CMon and Crazy Kids. Tik Tok is among the digital singles in history, selling over 14 million units internationally. Influenced by various genres and artists, Kesha primarily draws inspiration from music of the 1980s, Madonna, Queen, after experimenting with country, pop rock, and electronic music, Kesha stuck with the latter. Thematically, her music generally revolves around escapism, partying, individuality, supernatural moments, rebellion, Kesha has been involved with animal rights and LGBT activism. She has received awards and nominations, including her win for MTV Europe Music Award for Best New Act in 2010. As of November 2013, she has sold over 33 million records in the United States and 60 million records worldwide. Her recorded output has been curtailed since 2013 due to a dispute with her former producer Dr. Luke. Kesha alleged physical and emotional abuse and employment discrimination against Dr. Luke, while Dr. Luke claims breach of contract, Kesha was born in Los Angeles, California. Pebe, a mother, struggled financially while supporting herself, Kesha. When Kesha was an infant, Pebe would often have to look after her onstage while performing, Kesha says she has no knowledge of her fathers identity, though she has speculated that he may be Mick Jagger. Her mother is of German and Hungarian descent, one of Keshas great-grandfathers was Polish. Pebe moved the family to Nashville, Tennessee, in 1991 after securing a new publishing deal for her songwriting, Pebe frequently brought Kesha and her brothers along to recording studios and encouraged Kesha to sing when she noticed Keshas vocal talent. Kesha attended Franklin High School and Brentwood High School, but claimed that she did not fit in and she played the trumpet and later the saxophone in the marching band in school, and described herself in an interview with NPR as being a diligent student. After attaining a score on her SATs, she was offered a full scholarship at Barnard College
Kesha
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Kesha at Planes: Fire & Rescue premiere at El Capitan Theatre in July 2014
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Kesha performing live during the Get Sleazy Tour, her first headlining tour, in 2011
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Kesha
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Kesha performing on Today in November 2012
24.
Tik Tok
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Tik Tok is the debut single by American recording artist Kesha. The song was produced by Dr. Luke and Benny Blanco and co-written by Kesha, Dr. Luke and it was released on August 7,2009, as the lead single from Keshas debut studio album, Animal. The opening line of the came from an experience where Kesha woke up surrounded by beautiful women. According to Kesha, the lyrics are representative of her and based on her life. The song is a eurodance and electropop song with elements that utilizes a techno backing uses a minimalist video-game beat interspersed with handclaps. The songs verses use a vocal style while the chorus is sung. Musically, the song has been compared to the works of Lady Gaga, Uffie, the song achieved commercial success by topping the charts in eleven countries. In the United States, the broke the record for the biggest single-week sum of all time for a female artist selling 610,000 digital downloads in one week. Tik Tok was certified 5× platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America and has sold 6.8 million copies in the United States, the song was the best-selling single worldwide in 2010, selling 12. The song was listed 56th on the Billboard Hot 100 Songs of All-time, in 2005, Lukasz Gottwald had just finished producing tracks for Kelly Clarksons album Breakaway and was looking to expand further on his writing and producing credits. Luke solicited around to different people in the music business asking for demos from unknown artists, two of the demos he received were from Katy Perry and Kesha. He was particularly taken with Keshas demos which consisted of a country ballad. The latter of the demos caught Luke off guard when she ran out of lyrics and started to rap, Im a white girl/From the Ville/Nashville, bitch. The improvisation made her out from other artists that Luke had listened to. When youre listening to 100 CDs, that kind of bravado, following this, at the age of eighteen, Kesha signed to Lukes label, Kemosabe Records, and his publishing company, Prescription Songs. After being signed to Lukes label she signed to David Sonenbergs DAS management company. While at the label she worked with record producer Greg Wells, although she was signed to Luke and his label, Kesha never took priority as he was busy with other projects at the time. It was not until 2008 when Luke was working with Flo Rida on Right Round that he pulled Kesha in to contribute, within a few months the song became a worldwide number one
Tik Tok
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"TiK ToK"
Tik Tok
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American rapper P. Diddy is featured on two lines on the track. Ke$ha has called him an inspiration for writing the song.
Tik Tok
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"Tik Tok" has commonly been compared to American singer Lady Gaga 's (pictured) debut single, " Just Dance " for their similar subject matter.
Tik Tok
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Kesha rehearsing "Tik Tok" for the Much Music Video Awards on June 18, 2010.
25.
Taio Cruz
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Jacob Taio Cruz, is a British singer, songwriter, rapper and record producer. In 2008, he released his debut album Departure, which he wrote, the album achieved certified gold status in the United Kingdom and earned him a Music of Black Origin Awards nomination. In October 2009, Cruz released his follow-up album Rokstarr, which includes the number one singles Break Your Heart, Cruz collaborated with Kesha on the single Dirty Picture, and with Kylie Minogue and Travie McCoy on his single Higher. Cruz wrote and recorded the song Telling the World as the single from the soundtrack to the 2011 animated film Rio. Cruzs third studio album, TY. O, was first released in Germany in December 2011, in 2012, Cruz co-wrote the David Guetta song Without You. In April 2015, Cruz released the first single, Do What You Like from his forthcoming Roses Collection, in late 2015, Taio added vocals to Tujamos Melbourne track, Booty Bounce which was released by Spinnin Records. Cruz was born in London, to a Nigerian father and a Brazilian mother and he attended Bilton Grange, a private prep school in Rugby, Warwickshire, and Christs Hospital, a private boarding school in Horsham, West Sussex. Cruz is the founder and chief executive of Rokstarr Music London, the single charted at #29 in the UK singles charts. It won him some admirers including Island Recordss Darcus Beese and Monte Lipman, in 2006, Cruz signed a split single deal with Universal Music Group companies, Republic Records and the UK branch of Island Records. In September 2007, Cruz released his second single Moving On, in March 2008 his next single, Come On Girl, featuring Luciana, peaked at No.5 on the UK charts. The related album Departure appeared on 17 March and peaked at No.17 and this was followed by the single I Can Be, which reached No.18 in May. On 18 August, Shes Like a Star was released, which was a remix of the single and featured American rapper Busta Rhymes. The remix later appeared on the Sugababes studio album Catfights & Spotlights and it was later revealed that Cruz narrowly missed out on the chance to record the song Umbrella which was recorded by Rihanna and ended up topping charts around the world. Cruz was featured on Tinchy Stryders breakout single Take Me Back which peaked at No.3 in the UK Singles Chart. According to Cruzs official Myspace blog, as of 1 January 2009, Rokstarr Music London changed its name to Rokstarr Entertainment Division, during 2009, he worked on his follow-up album entitled Rokstarr. It was released on 12 October through R. E. D Inc. /Island Records and is written and produced by Cruz, with co-writes and co-productions predominantly with UK producer Fraser T Smith. The albums lead single Break Your Heart was released on 14 September and reached number one in the UK, in the US it went directly from number 53 to number one, breaking the record for the largest leap of a début single. At the 2010 Brit Awards, Break Your Heart was nominated for Best British Single, the single reached the top spot in the United States for one week on the Billboard Hot 100
Taio Cruz
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Cruz performing in 2011
Taio Cruz
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Cruz at Tup Tup Palace nightclub, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. 2009.
26.
Dynamite (Taio Cruz song)
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Dynamite is a song by English recording artist Taio Cruz for the international version of his second studio album, Rokstarr. Cruz co-wrote the song, along with Max Martin, Bonnie McKee, Benny Blanco, and Dr. Luke, the song features additional instrumentation by Cruz himself. It was released internationally as the single from Rokstarr. In the UK, the song was released as the first single from Cruzs compilation album, on 30 May 2010, it was released to US and Canadian radio stations as his second single and across Europe as his fourth single. An official remix was released featuring new label mate, Jennifer Lopez, Dynamite became Cruzs second number-one single on the UK Singles Chart and the Canadian Hot 100 as well topping charts in Belgium, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. It was featured in the 2011 live action/CGI film Hop and it is also featured on Just Dance 3. This was played at the end of Mcctcs Trash Bash 2011, the song Dynamite is written in the key of C# minor, with a tempo of 116 beats per minute. According to Cruz, The song Dynamite itself is about when you go to the club and when you go to a party and you got to feel like, Im just gonna explode. Dr. Luke and Max Martin had written the melody, McKee only met Cruz months after the songs release, and later said that “I thought was the dumbest song I had ever written and thought it was going nowhere. And I actually think it was biggest song I have written so far. ”The song was released in the UK on 23 August 2010, the song has met with mixed to positive reviews from contemporary music critics. The New Yorker critic Sasha Frere-Jones named the song as his favorite of 2010. Dynamite debuted at number 26 on the Billboard Hot 100 and at number 13 on the Digital Songs chart, selling 83,000 copies in its opening week. The single rose to number 14 on the week ending 10 July 2010 and on the week ending 21 August 2010, the song kept this position for three consecutive weeks, blocked from the top position by Eminems Love the Way You Lie featuring Rihanna. It also became Cruzs second consecutive number one single on Billboards Hot Dance Airplay chart in its 21 August 2010 issue. Dynamite charted on the Billboard Hot 100 for 47 weeks, making it the longest run for a single since Trains Hey Soul Sister, as of May 2012, it has sold over 6 million digital copies in the US alone. This marks the first song by a British act to reach this plateau, the song to do so. The single debuted on the Canadian Hot 100 at number eight on the week ending 17 June 2010, the following week the single fell to number nine, where it remained at for four consecutive weeks. On the week ending 18 September 2010, the peaked at number one, becoming Cruzs second Canadian number one single
Dynamite (Taio Cruz song)
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"Dynamite"
Dynamite (Taio Cruz song)
27.
Wiz Khalifa
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Cameron Jibril Thomaz, better known by his stage name Wiz Khalifa, is an American rapper, songwriter, and actor. He released his album, Show and Prove, in 2006. His Eurodance-influenced single, Say Yeah, received radio airplay, charting on the Rhythmic Top 40. Khalifa parted with Warner Bros. and released his album, Deal or No Deal. He released the mixtape Kush and Orange Juice as a download in April 2010. He is also known for his debut single for Atlantic, Black and Yellow. His debut album for the label, Rolling Papers, was released on March 29,2011 and he followed that album with O. N. I. F. C. On December 4,2012, which was backed by the singles Work Hard, Play Hard, Wiz released his fourth album Blacc Hollywood on August 18,2014, backed by the lead single We Dem Boyz. In March 2015, he released See You Again for the soundtrack of the film Furious 7, Khalifa was born Cameron Jibril Thomaz on September 8,1987 in Minot, North Dakota, to parents serving in the military. His parents divorced when Khalifa was about three years old and he is a military brat with his parents military service caused him to move regularly. Khalifa lived in Germany, the United Kingdom, and Japan before settling in Pittsburgh where he attended Taylor Allderdice High School and his stage name is derived from Khalifa, an Arabic word meaning successor, and wisdom, which was shortened to Wiz when Khalifa was a young boy. He got a tattoo of his name on his 17th birthday. He cites Jimi Hendrix, Camp Lo, The Notorious B. I. G. Rostrum Records president Benjy Grinberg first heard about Wiz Khalifa in 2004 when the rappers contribution to a mixtape of various new Pittsburgh artists attracted his interest. Khalifa signed to the label shortly after and began a period of artist development. Khalifa released his first mixtape, Prince of the City, Welcome to Pistolvania, the mixtape paved the way for his first full-length album entitled Show and Prove in 2006. Khalifa was declared an artist to watch that year in Rolling Stone magazine and his debut Warner Bros. single Say Yeah reached number 25 on the Billboard Rhythmic Top 40 music chart and number 20 on Billboards Hot Rap Tracks. The song samples Better Off Alone by Alice Deejay, Khalifa appeared with The Game, David Banner and Play-n-Skillz at U92s Summer Jam at the USANA Amphitheatre in West Valley City, Utah on August 2,2008. Khalifa released the mixtapes Star Power in September 2008, and Flight School in April 2009 on Rostrum Records, Khalifa parted ways with Warner Bros. Records in July 2009 after numerous delays in releasing his planned debut album for the label, First Flight
Wiz Khalifa
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Khalifa performing Under the Influence Tour 2012 in Toronto.
Wiz Khalifa
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Wiz Khalifa performing at Columbia University in New York City in April 2010.
Wiz Khalifa
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Wiz Khalifa on stage in Boston in August 2010.
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Wiz Khalifa at SXSW in 2010
28.
Work Hard, Play Hard
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Work Hard, Play Hard is a song by American rapper Wiz Khalifa, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album, O. N. I. F. C. The track features production from Benny Blanco and Stargate, digital download Work Hard, Play Hard -3,40 The music video was directed by Bill Paladino and was released on May 23,2012. It was filmed in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania at multiple locations including, a studio, the city suburbs, a private party at a bar. It features a ballerina played by Katie Schurman, a construction worker played by Michael Major and a soccer player working in each of these roles, Wiz Khalifa appears wearing clothes as a hippie, paying tribute to Jimi Hendrix. Multiple Taylor Gang members make appearances as well. Kansas City Chiefs wide receiver Steve Breaston, who graduated from Woodland Hills High School just outside Pittsburgh, the official remix featuring Lil Wayne and Young Jeezy was revealed through his Twitter page on August 25,2012. Drake was originally supposed to have a verse on the remix, marco Rubio mentioned the song during March 2013 Rand Paul Filibuster of CIA Director. Rand Pauls filibuster tried to block President Obamas choice of John O. Brennan as CIA chief, calling Wiz Khalifa a modern poet, Rubio mentioned the rapper by name and stated that he was reminded of his song Work Hard, Play Hard. You look at the time, I think its a time many of our colleagues expected to be home, back in the home state playing hard, Rubio said. The song was featured in a commercial for the beverage Canada Dry in 2017, songwriter – Cameron Thomaz, Benjamin Levin, Mikkel Storleer Eriksen, Tor Erik Hermansen and a Taiwanese monk by the family name of Pan
Work Hard, Play Hard
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"Work Hard, Play Hard"
29.
Gym Class Heroes
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Gym Class Heroes is an American band from Geneva, New York, United States. The group formed in 1997 when Travie McCoy met drummer Matt McGinley during their high school gym class, the bands music displays a wide variety of influences, including hip hop, rock, funk, and reggae. The group gained a strong fanbase while promoting the album, appearing at such as The Bamboozle. In 2006, the released the gold-selling album As Cruel as School Children. Since that release, the bands single Cupids Chokehold reached No.4 on the Billboard Hot 100, peaked at No.5 in the United Kingdom. On September 9,2008, Gym Class Heroes released their album, The Quilt. The band went on hiatus in 2009, a time in which the members pursued side projects. McCoy released his debut album Lazarus in June 2010. Lumumba-Kasongo has been working on his side-project Soul, while McGinley now drums in the rock group Kill the Frontman, the group released The Papercut Chronicles II on November 15,2011. It has since become one of their most successful albums to date, MC Travie McCoy and drummer Matt McGinley became friends at their local high school in ninth grade in Geneva, New York. They officially came together in 1997, the band formed when bassist Ryan Geise and drummer Matt McGinley were performing at a party in an instrumental band with no vocals. McCoy, who was in attendance at the party, took the microphone onstage, a week later, the group came together and started making music. The original group began playing college parties and BBQs, birthday parties, clubs, McCoy won MTVs Direct Effect MC Battle and as a prize, appeared in Styles Ps video Daddy Get That Cash. The group had three releases from 1999 to 2004, Hed Candy, Greasy Kid Stuff, and. For the Kids. In 2003 the band recorded the album The Papercut Chronicles while on tour, at this time, guitarist Milo Bonacci parted ways with the band and was replaced with current guitarist Disashi Lumumba-Kasongo, who was attending Cornell University at the time. On the first day the band began to rehearse with Lumumba-Kasongo, Cupids Chokehold was written, which would become the albums first single. McGinley recalled, We just had intentions of working him in on old songs, the group released the four-song Papercut Chronicles EP before finally releasing The Papercut Chronicles in February 2005. After Eric Roberts replaced Ryan Geise on bass, the group toured constantly throughout 2005, appearing at the years SXSW, The Bamboozle, Music videos were filmed for the songs Taxi Driver and yes
Gym Class Heroes
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Gym Class Heroes in Berlin in 2008
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Gym Class Heroes performing at Warped Tour on June 20, 2008.
30.
Stereo Hearts
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Stereo Hearts is a song by American group Gym Class Heroes featuring Adam Levine, lead singer of band Maroon 5. The song was released on June 15,2011 as the single from the groups fifth studio album. Stereo Hearts, produced by Benny Blanco and Robopop begins with Maroon 5s Adam Levine singing the hook, My hearts a stereo / It beats for you, so listen close/ Hear my thoughts in every note. / Make me your radio / Turn me up when you feel low / This melody was meant for you / So sing along to my stereo, mcCoy then raps about serenading his ideal girl and picking love over animosity, all the while relaying the message using music-based metaphors. Additional Fender Rhodes was played by Austin Bis at Chalice Recording Studios in Los Angeles, the video shows the band playing in the city of New York and their shadows are playing on the ground. The video has the feel of a 1980s setting, with a breakdancer and several payphones seen and it prominently features a pawn shop with a stack of old-fashioned boomboxes and TV sets, on which Adam Levine appears when he is singing the chorus. The lyric video for the song received millions of views in the first month of its release, the video stars actress Breana McDow and was directed by music video director Djay Brawner. MTVs James Montgomery described it as a slab of genre-mashing, sweat-inducing pop. Becky Bain of Idolator called it a head-nodding jam and an instantly memorable signal that Gym Class is back in session, lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
Stereo Hearts
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"Stereo Hearts"
31.
Tory Lanez
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Daystar Peterson, better known by his stage name Tory Lanez, is a Canadian hip hop recording artist. He received major recognition from the mixtape Lost Cause and the singles, Say It, and Luv, which peaked at number 23, in 2015, Tory Lanez signed to Mad Love Records and Interscope Records. Lanez released his studio album, I Told You on August 19,2016. Daystar Peterson was born on July 27,1992, in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, the family was based in Montreal, before moving to Miami, Florida. Daystar was known to practice and refine his skills throughout his childhood. Following his mothers death, his father working as an ordained minister and missionary. Daystars father later remarried and the moved to Atlanta, Georgia, where Daystar met his friend Hakeem. In 2006, he was sent to live with older brother, Orane Forrest, in Jamaica, Queens, New York, Daystar then was forced to return to Toronto with his grandmother. Since she refused to care of him, he was on his own at the age of 15. I ended up moving downtown with these three dudes that I didn’t really know, I came into the house and I didn’t realize how things worked. From like fifteen to eighteen, I was just fighting them and it was every man for himself. That’s what made me a man, having to fend for myself and being in a situation there is no dad, no grandma. It changed the person that I am today, he says and he then once again started rapping, before giving himself a nickname, Notorious, and adopted into his new moniker Tory Lanez. At the age of 16, Daystar dropped out of the tenth grade, at the age of 17, Daystar began singing, which he found an interest in. However, he had never received any vocal training, Daystar also goes by the name Argentina Fargo. In an interview, he said When I put foreign and banking together, i’m a Canadian dude, walking around America. When you look at me, it’s like looking at foreign money, so I call myself Argentina Fargo—like foreign money. In 2009, Tory Lanez released his mixtape, T. L2 T. O
Tory Lanez
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Tory Lanez performing in March 2014
32.
Songwriters Hall of Fame
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It not only celebrates these established songwriters, but is also involved on the development of new songwriting talent through workshops, showcases and scholarships. There are many programs designed to teach and discover new songwriters, the Hall of Fame only existed as an online virtual collection until 2010, when it was first put on display as a physical gallery inside The Grammy Museum in Los Angeles. With an under-construction basement installation at the Brill Building in New York, the Hall doesnt have a permanent place, through 2010,383 individuals had been inducted into the SHOF. The British rock band Queen was the first band to be inducted in 2003, the American singer Lady Gaga was the first artist ever to win the award. 2015 – Lady Gaga The Hal David Starlight Award honors young artists who have made an impression on the music industry. It goes to writers already inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame for having established a history of outstanding creative works and he was later director of ASCAP, and a founder of the Songwriters Hall of Fame which, in 1983, named the Abe Olman Publisher Award. In his honor, the Abe Olman Scholarship is given out each year by his family in the interest of encouraging and supporting the careers of young songwriters, the Holly Prize is administered and juried by the SongHall
Songwriters Hall of Fame
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Hal David at the ASCAP Awards in 2011
Songwriters Hall of Fame
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Johnny Mercer between 1946 and 1948
Songwriters Hall of Fame
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Sammy Cahn in 1950s
Songwriters Hall of Fame
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John Legend was honored in 2002 with the Abe Olman Scholarship
33.
Jews
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The Jews, also known as the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group originating from the Israelites, or Hebrews, of the Ancient Near East. Jews originated as a national and religious group in the Middle East during the second millennium BCE, the Merneptah Stele appears to confirm the existence of a people of Israel, associated with the god El, somewhere in Canaan as far back as the 13th century BCE. The Israelites, as an outgrowth of the Canaanite population, consolidated their hold with the emergence of the Kingdom of Israel, some consider that these Canaanite sedentary Israelites melded with incoming nomadic groups known as Hebrews. The worldwide Jewish population reached a peak of 16.7 million prior to World War II, but approximately 6 million Jews were systematically murdered during the Holocaust. Since then the population has risen again, and as of 2015 was estimated at 14.3 million by the Berman Jewish DataBank. According to the report, about 43% of all Jews reside in Israel and these numbers include all those who self-identified as Jews in a socio-demographic study or were identified as such by a respondent in the same household. The exact world Jewish population, however, is difficult to measure, Israel is the only country where Jews form a majority of the population. The modern State of Israel was established as a Jewish state and defines itself as such in its Declaration of Independence and its Law of Return grants the right of citizenship to any Jew who requests it. The English word Jew continues Middle English Gyw, Iewe, according to the Hebrew Bible, the name of both the tribe and kingdom derive from Judah, the fourth son of Jacob. The Hebrew word for Jew, יְהוּדִי ISO 259-3 Yhudi, is pronounced, with the stress on the syllable, in Israeli Hebrew. The Ladino name is ג׳ודיו, Djudio, ג׳ודיוס, Djudios, Yiddish, ייִד Yid, ייִדן, Yidn. The etymological equivalent is in use in languages, e. g. but derivations of the word Hebrew are also in use to describe a Jew, e. g. in Italian. The German word Jude is pronounced, the corresponding adjective jüdisch is the origin of the word Yiddish, in such contexts Jewish is the only acceptable possibility. Some people, however, have become so wary of this construction that they have extended the stigma to any use of Jew as a noun, a factual reconstruction for the origin of the Jews is a difficult and complex endeavor. It requires examining at least 3,000 years of ancient human history using documents in vast quantities, as archaeological discovery relies upon researchers and scholars from diverse disciplines, the goal is to interpret all of the factual data, focusing on the most consistent theory. In this case, it is complicated by long standing politics and religious, Jacob and his family migrated to Ancient Egypt after being invited to live with Jacobs son Joseph by the Pharaoh himself. The patriarchs descendants were later enslaved until the Exodus led by Moses, traditionally dated to the 13th century BCE, Modern archaeology has largely discarded the historicity of the Patriarchs and of the Exodus story, with it being reframed as constituting the Israelites inspiring national myth narrative. The growth of Yahweh-centric belief, along with a number of practices, gradually gave rise to a distinct Israelite ethnic group
Jews
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Baruch Spinoza
Jews
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Map of Canaan
Jews
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David Ben-Gurion
Jews
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George Gershwin
34.
Nas
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Nasir Bin Olu Dara Jones, better known by his stage name Nas /ˈnɑːz/, is an American rapper, record producer, actor and entrepreneur. The son of jazz musician Olu Dara, Nas has released eight consecutive platinum and multi-platinum albums and has sold over 25 million records worldwide. He is also an entrepreneur through his own label, he serves as associate publisher of Mass Appeal magazine and is the owner of a Fila sneaker store. He is currently signed to Mass Appeal Records and his musical career began in 1991 as featured artist on Main Sources Live at the Barbeque. His debut album Illmatic received universal acclaim from critics and the hip hop community and is frequently ranked as one of the greatest hip hop albums of all time. Nas follow-up It Was Written debuted at one on the Billboard 200, stayed on top for four consecutive weeks. From 2001 to 2005, Nas was involved in a publicized feud with rapper Jay Z. Nas signed to Def Jam in 2006. In 2010, he released Distant Relatives, an album with reggae artist Damian Marley. His eleventh studio album, Life Is Good was nominated for Best Rap Album at the 55th Annual Grammy Awards, Nas is often named as one of the greatest hip hop artists. MTV ranked him at number 5 on their list of The Greatest MCs of All Time, in 2012, The Source ranked him number two on their list of the Top 50 Lyricists of All Time. In 2013, Nas was ranked fourth on MTVs Hottest MCs in the Game list. About. com ranked him first on their list of the 50 Greatest MCs of All Time in 2014, nasir bin Olu Dara Jones was born September 14,1973, in Brooklyn, New York. His father, Olu Dara, is a jazz and blues musician and his mother, Fannie Ann Jones, was a Postal Service worker from North Carolina. He has one sibling, a brother named Jabari Fret who is best known as Jungle and his father took his name Olu Dara from the Yoruba people. His African DNA indicates he has roots in countries with high Yoruba populations Nigeria, Benin, Togo and Ghana – as well as Mali, the Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Congo, and Senegal. His matrilineal DNA haplogroup is of African origin, found among the Yoruba and he also found that his Y-DNA traces directly back to Scandinavia, through which he is a descendant of the Vikings. As a young child, Nas and his family relocated to the Queensbridge Houses in the Long Island City neighborhood of Queens and his neighbor, Willy Ill Will Graham, influenced Nass interest in hip hop by playing him records. His parents divorced in 1985, and he dropped out of school after the eighth grade and he educated himself about African culture through the Five Percent Nation and the Nuwaubian Nation
Nas
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Nas performing in Paris in 2014.
Nas
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NAS performing at the 2015 Sugar Mountain festival, Melbourne, Australia
Nas
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Nas in 1998.
Nas
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Nas performing in 2003.
35.
The World Is Yours (Nas song)
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The World Is Yours is a 1994 song by rapper Nas. It was the single from his debut album Illmatic, released a month after the album. It is considered by critics as one of the greatest hip-hop songs ever recorded. It reached #13 on the Hot Rap Singles chart in 1994, the hook was sampled from Ahmad Jamals 1970 released song, I love music, which appears at 4,50 and ends at roughly 5,10. The song and its accompanying video pay homage to the film Scarface, the song also references drug dealer/crime boss Howard Pappy Mason. The song also mentions the serial killer of the Texarkana Moonlight Murders, which went, a remix of the song was produced by Q-Tip featuring similar but new lyrics, both it and the original were released by Columbia Records as singles, and promoted with music videos. Usual Suspects by Rick Ross featuring Nas and Kevin Cossom Jealousy Woes II by Eminem, in Remembrance & The World Is. by Blu & Exile. Falling by 1982 featuring Freddie Gibbs, nikes On My Feet by Mac Miller. The World Is Yours by The Visioneers, the World Is Yours by Elzhi My World by Jay Electronica. The World Is Yours by Blazo, the World Is Yours / Brooklyn Zoo by BadBadNotGood. The song was featured in the video games Tony Hawks Underground and it can also be heard in a scene in the film Antwone Fisher, and appears on the soundtrack for the film The Wackness. The song is played in the film Dope. The World Is Yours was mentioned by Nas in his later songs Got Ur Self A. the World Is Yours The World Is Yours The World Is Yours The World Is Yours Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
The World Is Yours (Nas song)
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"The World Is Yours"
36.
I Swear
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I Swear is a ballad written by Gary Baker and Frank J. Myers that became a hit for two acts in 1994. Initially, it was a single on the U. S. Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart for American country music artist John Michael Montgomery at the beginning of the year and his version crossed over to pop radio and climbed to number 42 on the Billboard Hot 100. A few months later, American pop group All-4-One covered the song, in Latin America it has been translated Juraré performed by the Costa Rican group Centinelas Vocal Band. In 1998, the Mexican country band Caballo Dorado recorded a Spanish version called Ya sé, the song is a ballad in which the narrator promises his significant other that he will always love her. The music video was directed by Marc Ball and premiered in late 1993. CD maxi—United States I Swear –4,23 Line on Love –2,37 Dream on Texas Ladies –3,08 Friday at Five –2,41 I Swear debuted on the U. S. Billboard Hot Country Songs for the week of December 18,1993. Several months after John Michael Montgomery had released his original version, all-4-Ones version hit number one in numerous countries, including the Billboard Hot 100 in the U. S. where it remained for eleven consecutive weeks. This version spent a total of 18 weeks in the UK charts and this version ranks number 88 on Billboards All-Time Top 100 Songs list. On May 9,2016, All-4-One posted a video on YouTube recording a new version of the song with Montgomery, a music video was produced to promote the single. It portrays the members of All-4-One hanging out on a rooftop, the rest of the music video shows the band members kicking a cardboard box through a puddle and bantering with her until she drives off on a public bus. The song was recorded at Noiseblock Studios in Florence, Alabama. CD single I Swear –04,03 Empire of Love –03,28 The song was performed by UCLAs Bruin Harmony in the 2010 film The Social Network during a Valentines Day a cappella music review at Harvard. Following the success of the All-4-One version, Filipino boy group Quamo performed the Tagalog version of song in 1994. The song was performed in a fashion by Eric Cartman in the South Park episode Cartman Finds Love and a part of it with special guest Brad Paisley. The song was featured in the 2005 American film Just Friends, the song was sung by South Korean entertainer Ji Suk-jin in 1993 for a reporter audition for SBS, the video recording of which resurfaced on the 8th episode of Running Man, to great comedic effect. The song was performed by the Minions in a scene between Gru and Lucy in the 2013 animated film Despicable Me 2 and its soundtrack. The song was featured in an advertisement by Sky News as part of the UK general election 2015 and it consists of archive footage of David Cameron, Nick Clegg, Nigel Farage, and Ed Miliband speaking out cleverly edited into the lyrics of the song
I Swear
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"I Swear"
I Swear
I Swear
37.
All-4-One
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All-4-One is an American male R&B/pop group best known for their cover hit single I Swear from their self-titled 1994 debut album. The group comprises Jamie Jones, Delious Kennedy, Alfred Nevarez, and Tony Borowiak, all from the Antelope Valley and Mojave, California areas, the group has sold 22 million records worldwide. It has been named by ASCAP as one of the greatest love songs of the 20th Century and it was also nominated for Song Of The Year, as was the single Top 5 smash hit I Can Love You Like That. The group was popular before the No.1 success of I Swear, other hits include Shes Got Skillz, These Arms, Beautiful as U, I Will Be Right Here and Someday. The shift in labels left the group in limbo for a few years as they contemplated their next move. In 2001, the album, A41, was released on AMC Records yielding, Beautiful As U. The groups 2004 album, Split Personality, was given an Asia-only release, for much of the 2000s All-4-One has spent their time touring Asia, in cities such as Tokyo, Kuala Lumpur, Singapore, Seoul, Bangkok, Shanghai, Sydney and Perth Australia. In 2009, All-4-One released No Regrets on the Peak Records/Concord Music Group label, the album was largely created in-house, with the group doing the writing for the album, and Jamie Jones production company, The Heavyweights, doing a lot of the production work. The CD produced an Urban Adult Contemporary hit entitled My Child, in June 2015, Billboard. com premiered the first single Baby Love, from All-4-Ones 20th Anniversary Album, Twenty+. Delious Kennedy is the co-founder of the Catalina Film Festival, known as the west coasts version of Cannes Film Festival, the Catalina Film Festival is a destination festival located just off the coast on Santa Catalina Island, California. In 2012, Kennedy released a single he co-wrote entitled My Rose which peaked at No.44 on Billboards Hot Dance/Club charts, the song was done as a favor to Michael Lohan, father of Lindsay Lohan, and was supposed to mark her return to the spotlight. After being released from rehab, Lindsay Lohan was involved in an incident involving a necklace. Due to the press, Kennedy decided to postpone the release of the single in 2011
All-4-One
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All-4-One performing at a concert.
38.
Columbia Records
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Columbia Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, Inc. the United States division of Sony Corporation. It was founded in 1887, evolving from an enterprise named the American Graphophone Company. Columbia is the oldest surviving brand name in the sound business. Columbia Records went on to release records by an array of singers, instrumentalists. It is one of Sony Musics three flagship record labels alongside RCA Records and Epic Records, rather, as above, it was connected to CBS, a broadcasting media company which had purchased the company in 1938, and had been co-founded in 1927 by Columbia Records itself. Though Arista Records was sold to Bertelsmann Music Group, it would become a sister label of Columbia Records through its mutual connection to Sony Music. The Columbia Phonograph Company was founded in 1887 by stenographer, lawyer and New Jersey native Edward Easton and it derived its name from the District of Columbia, where it was headquartered. At first it had a monopoly on sales and service of Edison phonographs and phonograph cylinders in Washington. As was the custom of some of the regional companies, Columbia produced many commercial cylinder recordings of its own. Columbias ties to Edison and the North American Phonograph Company were severed in 1894 with the North American Phonograph Companys breakup, thereafter it sold only records and phonographs of its own manufacture. In 1902, Columbia introduced the XP record, a brown wax record. According to Gracyk, the molded brown waxes may have sold to Sears for distribution. Columbia began selling records and phonographs in addition to the cylinder system in 1901, preceded only by their Toy Graphophone of 1899. For a decade, Columbia competed with both the Edison Phonograph Company cylinders and the Victor Talking Machine Company disc records as one of the top three names in American recorded sound. In order to add prestige to its catalog of artists. The firm also introduced the internal-horn Grafonola to compete with the extremely popular Victrola sold by the rival Victor Talking Machine Company, during this era, Columbia used the famous Magic Notes logo—a pair of sixteenth notes in a circle—both in the United States and overseas. Columbia was split into two companies, one to make records and one to make players, Columbia Phonograph was moved to Connecticut, and Ed Easton went with it. Eventually it was renamed the Dictaphone Corporation, in late 1923, Columbia went into receivership
Columbia Records
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Original home of Columbia in Washington, D.C., in 1889
Columbia Records
Columbia Records
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A Columbia type AT cylinder graphophone, first released in 1898
Columbia Records
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This article is about the American record label active worldwide except in Japan. For the Columbia label which was a unit of EMI, see Columbia Graphophone Company. For the Columbia label in Japan, see Nippon Columbia.
39.
Disco D
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David Aaron Shayman, better known by his stage name Disco D, was an American record producer and composer. He started as a teenage DJ in Ann Arbor, Michigan, Disco D produced the track Ski Mask Way on American hip-hop artist 50 Cents The Massacre album. He committed suicide in Washington, D. C. on January 23,2007, Shayman was born on September 21,1980 in St. Louis, Missouri, United States to Deborah and James Shayman. He had one sister Becky, and four step-siblings, at age 6, Shayman moved to Ann Arbor, Michigan. His family was involved with the temple Beth Emet, where he attended Hebrew school until his bar mitzvah, david was heavily into martial arts, and earned a black belt. He was a talented and driven young man, he also had a stint as a semi pro inline street skater. He managed to find success in every endeavor he pursued. Shaymans career began in 1995 while a student at Pioneer High School in Ann Arbor and he mastered the art of DJing almost immediately. In the beginning he was influenced by booty elecktro. He quickly became a customer at the local Ann Arbor vinyl stores, where he began to network with many of the local DJs. By 1997, he was performing nationally as a DJ, had established his first production company, in 1998, Shayman began studying at the Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan. While he outwardly pursued management studies, he remained interested by the sciences, as a teenager he worked in a genetics lab at the University of Michigan. He also aspired to make a trip to the North Pole, in 1999, Shayman was a key player in the founding of Ghostly International, having co-produced the record labels first single, Hands Up for Detroit in October 1999. In addition to finding his own GTI Recordings, he began releasing music on the Bad Boy Bills Muzik/Mixconnection label. During this period, he became known for his turntable skills. After graduating from the Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan in 2002 at age 22, Shayman moved to Brooklyn, in his Williamsburg neighborhood home recording studio, Shayman started Booty Bar Records, a record label and night club in New York City. In the summer of 2002, Shayman released Booty Bar Anthem EP and he also branched out as a producer of hip hop, R&B, and dancehall tracks for mainstream artists. By June 2003, Shayman worked with Princess Superstar and remixed artists ranging from 50 Cent and B. G. to Lords of Acid and Da Brats single, in early 2003, he produced and promoted his mix CD, A Night at the Booty Bar
Disco D
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Disco D at Burning Man Decompression, 2002
40.
Bangers & Cash
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Spank Rock and Benny Blanco Are. Bangers & Cash is an EP by Philadelphian Virginian alternative hip hop group Spank Rock, the EP follows Spank Rocks 2006 debut album YoYoYoYoYo. The album was released on October 9,2007, Spank Rocks frontman, Naeem Juwan, met Blanco when he was interning for the late Disco D. Blanco proposed the idea of creating an EP that was based on 2 Live Crew samples. Juwan was initially concerned that it might be cheesy, but he continued that the EP actually turned out to be really fun, like 2 Live Crew and Spank Rocks material, the EP included hypersexual lyrical content. Spank Rock and Benny Blanco co-wrote every song on Bangers & Cash together and it was described by Juwan as just like club banger music, party music. The EPs cover art is also a homage to 2 Live Crew, the Bangers & Cash was ultimately released on October 9,2007. Spank Rock and Benny Blanco also released videos for Pu$$y, B-O-O-T-A-Y, all tracks written by Naeem Juwan and Benjamin Levin
Bangers & Cash
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Spank Rock and Benny Blanco Are... "Bangers & Cash"
41.
Extended play
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An extended play is a musical recording that contains more tracks than a single, but is usually unqualified as an album or LP. EPs generally do not contain as many tracks as albums, and are considered less expensive, an EP originally referred to specific types of vinyl records other than 78 rpm standard play and LP, but it is now applied to mid-length CDs and downloads as well. Ricardo Baca of The Denver Post said, EPs—originally extended-play single releases that are shorter than traditional albums—have long been popular with punk, in the United Kingdom, the Official Chart Company defines a boundary between EP and album classification at 25 minutes of length or four tracks. EPs were released in various sizes in different eras, the earliest multi-track records, issued around 1919 by Grey Gull Records, were vertically cut 78 rpm discs known as 2-in-1 records. These had finer than usual grooves, like Edison Disc Records, by 1949, when the 45 rpm single and 33 1⁄3 rpm LP were competing formats, seven-inch 45 rpm singles had a maximum playing time of only about four minutes per side. Partly as an attempt to compete with the LP introduced in 1948 by rival Columbia, RCA Victor introduced Extended Play 45s during 1952. Their narrower grooves, achieved by lowering the levels and sound compression optionally. These were usually 10-inch LPs split onto two seven-inch EPs or 12-inch LPs split onto three seven-inch EPs, either separately or together in gatefold covers. This practice became less common with the advent of triple-speed-available phonographs. Some classical music albums released at the beginning of the LP era were distributed as EP albums—notably the seven operas that Arturo Toscanini conducted on radio between 1944 and 1954. These opera EPs, originally broadcast on the NBC Radio network and manufactured by RCA, in the 1990s, they began appearing on compact discs. During the 1950s, RCA published several EP albums of Walt Disney movies and these usually featured the original casts of actors and actresses. Each album contained two seven-inch records, plus an illustrated booklet containing the text of the recording, so that children could follow along by reading. Some of the titles included Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Pinocchio, and what was then a recent release, because of the popularity of 7 and other formats, SP records became less popular and the production of SPs in Japan was suspended in 1963. In the 1950s and 1960s, EPs were usually compilations of singles or album samplers and were played at 45 rpm on seven-inch discs. Record Retailer printed the first EP chart in 1960, the New Musical Express, Melody Maker, Disc and Music Echo and the Record Mirror continued to list EPs on their respective singles charts. The Beatles Twist and Shout outsold most singles for some weeks in 1963, when the BBC and Record Retailer commissioned the British Market Research Bureau to compile a chart it was restricted to singles and EPs disappeared from the listings. In the Philippines, seven-inch EPs marketed as mini-LPs were introduced in 1970, with tracks selected from an album and this mini-LP format also became popular in America in the early 1970s for promotional releases, and also for use in jukeboxes
Extended play
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Extended-play vinyl record
Extended play
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Filben Maestro 78 rpm jukebox
42.
Amanda Blank
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Amanda Blank is an American singer, rapper and member of the performance art band Sweatheart based in Philadelphia. Amanda Blank was born in Germantown, a neighborhood in northwest Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1983, amanda and her older sisters were raised in a row house in Germantown by artist parents. She is a collaborator with the rapper Spank Rock, most notably on the track Blow on the mix CD Bmore Gutter Music, further, she appeared on Bmore Gutter Music, which was produced by Aaron LaCrate and Low Budget of Hollertronix. Her songs have appeared in HBOs Life Support and the CSI, in 2007, she was featured on the official Eli Escobar and Doug Grayson remix for Britney Spearss hit single Gimme More. In early 2008, Blank was described as being part of a new crop of young, multicultural, causing a stir on the internet and in indie-label conference rooms. She was featured on the song Loose on the Spank Rock and it is reported that she is to make a guest appearance on Uffies forthcoming album in 2009. Blanks song Make It Take It appeared in a commercial for McDonalds in 2010, Blank signed to Downtown Records in 2007. She worked on her first solo album, with producers XXXChange of Spank Rock, Diplo, the album I Love You was released on August 4,2009, with her first single being Might Like You Better. Amanda Blank has opened for Canadian electroclash musician Peaches, the Yeah Yeah Yeahs, since 2013 she had been working in collaboration with Spank Rock. 2005, Bmore Gutter Music 2006, Blow 2009, I Love You 2009, Might Like You Better 2009, Shame on Me Get It Now 12 Supafreak Quicksand - A Volta - feat
Amanda Blank
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Amanda Blank in 2006
43.
Santigold
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Santi White, better known by her stage name Santigold, is an American singer and producer. Her debut album, Santogold, including the singles Creator and L. E. S, artistes, received very favorable reviews in 2008. Her second album, Master of My Make-Believe, was released in 2012, in February 2016, she released her third album 99¢. Santigold was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and she attended Germantown Friends School in Philadelphia, and later attended college at Wesleyan University, where she double-majored in music and African-American studies. White is married to Trevor Andrew, together they have a son named Radek who was born in 2014 and she obtained her pseudonym in the 1990s after a friend gave it to her as a nickname. She worked for Epic Records as an A&R representative but left the position to co-write and executive produce How I Do, the singer Ress debut album. She was the singer of Philadelphia-based punk rock band Stiffed, which released the albums Sex Sells and Burned Again, while in the band, White was offered a solo contract by Martin Heath of London-based independent label Lizard King Records. Her first singles as a soloist Creator and L. E. S, artistes received attention from Internet media outlets in 2007, and her debut album Santogold, conceived with fellow Stiffed member John Hill, was issued in April 2008. The record featured appearances and production work from Chuck Treece, Diplo, Switch, blending a variety of musical genres ranging from new wave to alternative rock and reggae, the album was very well received by critics upon release and was noted for its cross-genre confidence. Santogold was critically acclaimed by both Entertainment Weekly and Spin, while L. E. S, artistes made the number 2 position on Rolling Stones Singles of the Year list. Santogold was sixth on the magazines Albums of the Year list, Creator, along with Lights Out, appeared in commercials in the US and the UK. During the summer of 2008, she released a mixtape CD, Top Ranking, A Diplo Dub, to support Santogold, she toured with M. I. A. and Björk, and in June 2008, Coldplay invited her to be their opening act in the US. Her own US tour was called Goldrush Tour, and upon its completion, she supported Jay-Z and Kanye West on a number of their shows and she finished the tour opening for Beastie Boys for three concerts on their get-out-the-vote Swing State Tour. Before leaving the stage, she announced she was preparing to write her next album and she made a special guest appearance as Millie in an episode of the Adult Swim original NTSF, SD, SUV. In 2011, she published the song Go. which featured Karen O of the Yeah Yeah Yeahs, the track was produced by Switch, Q-Tip and herself, and NME praised it as a brittle and brilliant brawler of a track with great reverberating militaristic kettle-drum booms. She announced the follow-up to Santogold would be out in spring 2012, It was recorded in part in Jamaica and she described Master of My Make-Believe as sonically eclectic but with some epic curveballs thrown into the mix. The singer further said, I want it to be about creating your own reality, I have a song called “The Keepers”, “We’re the keepers, while we sleep in America our house is burning down. Big Mouth, the first track and video from the album was issued in late January as a free download, in February, an animated video for Disparate Youth was uploaded to her official YouTube channel
Santigold
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Santigold at Eurockéennes, July 5, 2008
Santigold
Santigold
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Santigold at Koko, London, August 2008
44.
Dr. Luke
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Lukasz Sebastian Gottwald, known professionally as Dr. Luke, is an American record producer and songwriter. He came into prominence in 2004 for producing Kelly Clarksons single Since U Been Gone with Swedish record producer Max Martin. While continuing to produce for Perry, Lavigne, and Pink, Gottwald has also worked with artists, including Taio Cruz, B. o. B, Britney Spears, Nicki Minaj, Rihanna. Flo Rida, Miley Cyrus, Jessie J, Juicy J, Ne-Yo, Shakira, Dr. Luke is also noted for signing recording artists such as Kesha and Sabi and playing a vital part in their careers. In October 2014, Kesha initiated a series of lawsuits, alleging assault and abuse by Gottwald. Dr. Lukes work has been recognized with various industry awards. Music publication Billboard named him as one of the top performing producers of the 2000s, the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers awarded him Producer and Songwriter of the Year honors from 2009 to 2011. At the 53rd Grammy Awards, he was nominated for a Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Non-Classical, lukasz Sebastain Gottwald was born in Providence, Rhode Island. His father, Janusz Jerzy Gottwald, was an architect who was born in Łask, Gottwald spent many of his formative years in New York City. He had originally wanted to be a drummer, but his parents refused to allow a drum kit in the house, at 13, he picked up his older sisters guitar and taught himself how to play. As a teenager, Gottwald would listen to bad music over and over, if there was a guitar part admired, Gottwald attended the Manhattan School of Music for two years. He joined the Saturday Night Live Band as the lead guitarist in 1997 until the 2006–2007 season and he produced tracks and remixes for various artists including Arrested Development and Nappy Roots. He released the 12 single Wet Lapse, under the name Kasz, for Rawkus Records, while deejaying at a house party, Dr. Luke met producer Max Martin and subsequently gave Martin a tour of New York clubs when Martin arrived in the city. Dr. Luke owns two publishing companies, Kasz Money Publishing, for his own songs, and Prescription Songs, as of January 2011, he has garnered 21 Top 40 Billboard Hot 100 singles, becoming the producer with the third most such hits since the charts were created. He co-wrote and co-produced the Kelly Clarkson Hot 100 number two song, Since U Been Gone with Max Martin and provided the singer another hit in Behind These Hazel Eyes, subsequent songs by Pink, Who Knew and U + Ur Hand reached the Hot 100 top ten. He would go on to co-produce a number one for Avril Lavigne with the song Girlfriend as well as seven songs on the Lavigne album. He also achieved a UK number one with the song About You Now for the Sugababes, Dr. Luke contributed two songs to Katy Perrys second album, One of the Boys. Hot 100 number one, I Kissed a Girl and Hot n Cold and he also co-produced the US number one song Right Round by Flo Rida
Dr. Luke
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Dr. Luke at the ASCAP awards in Los Angeles
45.
Overexposed (album)
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Overexposed is the fourth studio album by the American band Maroon 5, released on June 20,2012, by A&M Octone Records. The band worked with different producers, such as Max Martin, the bands guitarist and Levines usual co-writer James Valentine only has four credits on the album. The accompanying artwork, created by LA artist Young & Sick, is a collage of illustrations seemingly inspired by the likes of Picasso. Its title is an allusion to Levines ubiquity, while its sound is a reflection of how the group wishes to retain the large audience they won once again with Moves Like Jagger. The albums lead single Payphone, featuring rapper Wiz Khalifa, produced by Shellback and Benny Blanco, was released and performed on The Voice on April 16,2012. The song was a success, reaching two on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, as well as on the ARIA Charts, while it topped the UK Singles Chart, Canadian Hot 100. The second single, One More Night, was released on June 19,2012, the song topped the Billboard Hot 100 for nine weeks, becoming their longest Hot 100 reign. All four singles released from Overexposed have reached the Hot 100 top-ten, the album received a mixed reception from music critics. Some praised the album, calling it their strongest effort, but others criticized the direction the band decided to take, additionally, critics and fans alike perceived the album as overly focused on Levine. It debuted at number 2 on the UK Albums Chart, selling 38,000 copies, to promote the album, the band started the Overexposed Tour, which lasted from 2012 to 2014. In September 2010, the released their third studio album. While preparing the album, the received a phone call from Robert John Mutt Lange, who had heard the band were beginning to write a new record. The album received favorable reviews from music critics and debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 chart. Valentine further commented, It would be nice to start working on record next year. I think with the last two records, its been a little bit unbalanced, in that we had so much success, in a perfect world wed tour for six months and maybe record for six months, but thats not the way it works. But the whole point is to more music, and if anything you can spend too much time out there. Valentine also said the band has tons of material available, including holdovers including songs from Hands All Over, I think everybodys been pretty busy compiling ideas for the next one, he stated. With technology and the capacity we have on our laptops
Overexposed (album)
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According to Adam Levine, Hands All Over experienced moderate commercial success because of its sound and the location in which it was recorded (Vevey, Switzerland).
Overexposed (album)
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Overexposed
Overexposed (album)
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According to Ryan Tedder, Overexposed contains a fresh sound.
46.
Interscope Records
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Interscope Records is an American record company. At the time, it differed from most record companies by giving decision-making authority to its A&R staff and it had its first hit records less than a year after it was founded and achieved profitability in 1993. In 1992, Interscope acquired the rights to market and distribute the hardcore rap label Death Row. Albums by Death Row artists included rappers Tupac Shakur, Dr. Dre, as a result, Time Warner severed ties with Interscope by selling its 50 percent stake back to Field and Iovine for $115 million in 1995. In 1996, 50% of the label was acquired by the MCA Music Entertainment Group for a reported $200 million, Iovine served as chairman and CEO until May 2014. He was succeeded by John Janick, Interscope is headquartered in Santa Monica, California. The labels best-selling artists include U2, Eminem, Lady Gaga, in 1989, Ted Field began to build Interscope Records as a division of his film company, Interscope Communications. To run it, he hired John McClain, who had played a role in Janet Jacksons success at A&M Records, and Tom Whalley. Separately, Iovine, who had produced records by U2, Bruce Springsteen, I thought, Music is going to change, Iovine said in 1997. Young bands arent going to be asking for me, but I love working with the new thing. I always liked the part of the business thats the first time you hear something, Iovine and Field were introduced by Paul McGuinness, then U2s manager. After a series of negotiations led by David Geffen, they came to an agreement, in a 1997 article in Rolling Stone, David Wild wrote, Interscopes start-up coincided with a period of incredible change in the music world. Nirvana had ushered in the alternative revolution, based in Westwood, California, Interscope was run by music men. It was a departure from the industry practices of the 1970s and 1980s. A founding tenet of the label was that artists would have creative control. Interscopes first release was Rico Suave by Ecuadoran rapper Gerardo in December 1990, Primus Interscope debut was released in May, followed by Marky Mark and the Funky Bunchs Music for the People in July. It included the #1 single Good Vibrations, two days after first hearing his demo, Whalley signed Tupac Shakur, and in November 1991, Interscope released 2pacalypse Now, Shakurs studio debut. Interscope began to develop a significant presence in the genre in 1992
Interscope Records
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Interscope Records
47.
Rixton (band)
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Rixton are a British pop rock band that formed in Manchester, England in 2012. They are signed by Scooter Brauns SB Projects, the band was established in 2012 as Relics before changing their name to Rixton. Their debut single Me and My Broken Heart charted internationally, the band consists of Jake Roche, Danny Wilkin, Charley Bagnall and Lewi Morgan. Jake Roche and Danny Wilkin started writing together after they left school and they were later joined by Charley Bagnall through mutual friends and finally Lewi Morgan was the last addition to the band after meeting Jake through a girl he was seeing at the time. Roche had heard The Nolans – of which his mother was a member – performing Have Yourself A Merry Little Christmas when he was four, for this performance, Rixton wore elf ears and created what Roche called more of a comedy sketch. Scooter Braun saw this and offered to sign Rixton, the video was released on 22 October 2013 but it was never released as an official single. The bands debut single, Me and My Broken Heart, was released on 11 March 2014, Me and My Broken Heart was released to radio on 11 March 2014 and made its premiere on KIIS FM in Los Angeles during one of JoJo Wrights shows. It has charted in Australia, Sweden, the United States, Me and My Broken Heart went gold 27 May 2014 and Rixton was awarded their first gold plaque on 29 May 2014 in New York City. Their first extended play, also titled Me and My Broken Heart followed on 18 March 2014, an album is underway for release through School Boy, Giant Little Man, Mad Love and Interscope Records later in 2014. Justin Bieber joined the group on stage at the SXSW Festival on 10 March 2014 and this was followed shortly after by a UK tour in November 2014. In addition, they played a pop up gig in New York which required police attendance to control the crowds and they will open up for Ariana Grande on The Honeymoon Tour during the North American dates. The debut album Let the Road was released on 8 March 2015 and it only peaked at number 19 on the UK Albums Chart. Official website Rixton on Facebook Rixton on Twitter Rixton on Instagram
Rixton (band)
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Rixton after performing at the Click 98.9 New Artist Showcase in August 2014
48.
Scooter Braun
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Scott Samuel Scooter Braun is an American talent manager and businessman. He owns two record labels, School Boy Records and Raymond-Braun Media Group, RBMG is a joint venture with R&B performer Usher. Three of the most prominent artists Braun represents are Justin Bieber, Ariana Grande, for School Boy Records, his represented acts include Psy, Carly Rae Jepsen, Tori Kelly and The Wanted among others. Braun was born to a Jewish family in New York City, to Ervin, the film won in regional and state competitions and then placed third overall. A member of Brauns family sent the film to Steven Spielbergs office, Braun has said Spielbergs response was one of the most inspirational moments in his life. Braun began his career by organizing parties while studying at Emory University in Atlanta, in 2002, Braun was hired to plan after-parties in each of the five cities on the Anger Management Tour, featuring Ludacris and Eminem. This launch into the world of hip-hop led Braun to producer Jermaine Dupri, Braun was 19 years old when Dupri asked him to join So So Def in a marketing position, and 20 when Dupri named him So So Defs executive director for marketing. Still in his year at Emory, Braun was working at So So Def. Some of his larger events included parties for the 2003 NBA All-Star Game, eventually Braun left So So Def to go on his private venture. Some report he was fired from the job after a dispute over the direction of the label, Braun first encountered Justin Bieber when he saw a video of a 12-year-old Bieber on YouTube, performing a song by Ne-Yo. Braun contacted Biebers mother, Pattie Mallette, who agreed to bring her son to Atlanta for a trial period. Eventually, Braun convinced them to move permanently from Canada to the United States, after further online success, Braun pitched Bieber to two successful artists, Usher and Justin Timberlake, both expressed interest. Eventually Ushers mentor, music executive L. A. Reid, under the agreement, the label would take a cut of all revenues generated by Bieber, including ticket sales and merchandising. The group also includes RBMG, a joint venture between Braun and Usher, School Boy Records had a special business arrangement with Universal Music Group and later on with Republic Records for distribution. One source close to Ariana Grande has said that the reasons behind her actions is that She thinks this is the best professional decision for her moving forward. In 2016, Scooter won the award for “Best Talent Manager” at the 3rd annual “International Music Industry Awards” presented by Shazam at the 12th annual MUSEXPO in Los Angeles. Braun appeared on the cover of Billboard in the August 11,2012 Forty Under Forty special issue titled Scooter Braun, Braun was featured on the Time 100 list for 2013. He also appeared a second time on the cover of Billboard in its April 20,2013, issue, alongside Guy Oseary, Braun was born in New York City to Conservative Jewish parents, Ervin and Susan Braun
Scooter Braun
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Braun on stage at Tech Crunch Disrupt in 2010.
49.
Cashmere Cat
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The Bengal is a domestic cat breed developed to look like exotic jungle cats such as leopards, ocelots, margays and clouded leopards. The name Bengal cat was derived from the name of the Asian leopard cat. They have an appearance with large spots/rosettes/arrowheads, and a light/white belly. Once separated by at least four generations from the original ALC × domestic cat crossing, Bengal cats are generally a bright orange to light brown colour, although pale or off-white snow Bengals also exist, and are popular among owners. The earliest mention of an Asian leopard cat × domestic cross was in 1889, boden Kloss wrote to the magazine Cat Gossip regarding hybrids between wild and domestic cats in Malaya, I have never heard of hybrids between bengalensis and domestic cats. One of the tribes of the Malay Peninsula has domesticated cats, and I have seen the woman suckling bengalensis kittens. The earliest mention of a confirmed ALC × domestic cross was in 1934, and in 1941, a Japanese cat publication printed an article about one that was kept as a pet. In the 1970s, Willard Centerwall bred ALCs with domestic cats to aid his studies in genetics because of their apparent immunity to feline leukemia, eventually, these hybrids were given to Jean Sudgen Mill because of Centerwalls illness. At the same time, Bill Engler wanted to preserve the exotic cats genes by breeding them with house cats. Although none of todays Bengal lines originate from these cats, he chose the name Bengal, which was accepted by the American Cat Fanciers Association, Jean Mill was instrumental in recognition of Bengals as a breed by The International Cat Association in 1983. Her plan was not to keep the breed as a hybrid, greg and Elizabeth Kent were also early breeders, who developed their own line of Bengals using ALCs and Egyptian Maus. This was a successful line and many modern Bengals will find it in their pedigree. The UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, DEFRA, Bengal cats have wild-looking markings, such as large spots, rosettes, and a light/white belly, and a body structure reminiscent of the leopard cat. A Bengals rosetted spots occur only on the back and sides, the breed typically also features mascara, and foreleg striping. The eyes of a Bengal cat are relatively large and are bright blue or green. The Bengal cat is usually classed as brown-spotted or snow-spotted. Within brown Bengals, there are marble or spotted markings. Included in the variation is rosetted, which consists of a spot with a dark line surrounding it
Cashmere Cat
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Bengal cat
Cashmere Cat
Cashmere Cat
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A Bengal cat displaying spotting and rosetting pattern typical of the breed: Rosetted spots occur only on the back and sides, with stripes elsewhere.
Cashmere Cat
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A male Bengal cat: Note the "mascara" (horizontal striping alongside the eyes) and foreleg striping, both typical of the breed.
50.
Jessie Ware
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Jessica Lois Jessie Ware is an English singer and songwriter. Her debut studio album Devotion peaked at five on the UK Albums Chart. Her follow-up record, Tough Love, reached number nine in the United Kingdom, Ware has sung vocals for Joker and SBTRKT, in concert and on their recordings. Ware was born in Queen Charlottes Hospital in Hammersmith, London and she is the daughter of Helena, a social worker, and John Ware, a BBC Panorama reporter, who divorced when she was 10, and she is the younger sister of British actress Hannah Ware. Wares mother is Jewish and she was raised in the faith, Ware was educated at Alleyns School, a co-educational independent school in Dulwich in South London, followed by the University of Sussex, where she took a degree in English literature. After her studies, Ware briefly worked as a journalist at The Jewish Chronicle, did sports journalism at The Daily Mirror, there, she was a colleague of Erika Leonard, otherwise known as E. L. James, the author of Fifty Shades of Grey. In the years prior to releasing her first solo album, Ware did backing vocals at live shows for Jack Peñate and it gave me a taste of what to expect, and it prepared me for what I’m doing now. It was one of Peñates bandmates, Tic, who first introduced Ware to SBTRKT, Ware and she consequently met Sampha, best known as SBTRKTs main collaborator and live member. They created Valentine together, which was released on a special edition, Valentine was partly inspired by James Blakes song The Wilhelm Scream and based on their own personal experiences in love. The music video for Valentine was directed by Marcus Söderlund, Nervous, Valentine and an additional collaboration with DJ Joker led Ware to a record deal with PMR Records. She also featured on Ceremonials, the 2011 album by Florence, on 14 October 2011, Ware released her debut solo single Strangest Feeling on limited 10 purple vinyl, although the song did not chart in the United Kingdom. She then released Running on 24 February 2012 as the single from her debut studio album. 110% was released as the second single on 13 April. Wildest Moments was released as the third single on 29 June. Ware reckons the proudest moment of her career was hearing Wildest Moments accompanying a montage of highlights from Andy Murrays dramatic third-round win at Wimbledon. On 20 August 2012, Ware released her debut album Devotion, night Light was released as the fourth single on 24 August. On 11 September, Devotion was announced as a nominee for the prestigious Mercury Prize, if Youre Never Gonna Move contains a similar-sounding sample instead. Ware toured in the United Kingdom in the part of March 2013, supported by Laura Mvula, starting with Cambridge, Manchester, Glasgow, Birmingham, Oxford, Bristol
Jessie Ware
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Ware performing in January 2012
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Jessie Ware and Jack Peñate
51.
IHeartRadio Music Awards
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IHeartRadio Music Awards is a music awards show founded by iHeartRadio in 2014 to recognize the most popular artists and music over the past year as determined by the networks listeners. It rewards the music that was heard throughout the year across iHeartMedia radio stations nationwide, the inaugural edition was held on May 1,2014 at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles, and was broadcast live on NBC. The fourth edition was held on March 5,2017 and aired on TBS, TNT, the trophy is manufactured by the New York firm Society Awards. The nominations are based on results from the iHeartRadio Chart, the iHeartRadio Countdown, the two-hour weekly program, highlights the top 20 contemporary hit radio songs in the iHeartRadio Chart. The latter is supplied and compiled by Mediabase, in addition, every public-voting category, includes social hashtags as the primary voting mechanism. The categories cover an array of genres, including rock, hip-hop, R&B, Latin. The category Artist of the Year was replaced by the categories Female Artist of the Year, public-voting categories through social media are indicated with a double dagger. Most Wins Most Nominations iHeartRadio Much Music Video Awards iHeartRadio Music Festival Official website
IHeartRadio Music Awards
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Logo of the inaugural ceremony
52.
Grammy Award
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A Grammy Award, or Grammy, is an honor awarded by The Recording Academy to recognize outstanding achievement in the mainly English-language music industry. The annual presentation ceremony features performances by prominent artists, and the presentation of awards that have a more popular interest. It shares recognition of the industry as that of the other performance awards such as the Emmy Awards, the Tony Awards. The first Grammy Awards ceremony was held on May 4,1959, to honor, following the 2011 ceremony, The Academy overhauled many Grammy Award categories for 2012. The 59th Grammy Awards, honoring the best achievements from October 2015 to September 2016, was held on February 12,2017, the Grammys had their origin in the Hollywood Walk of Fame project in the 1950s. The music executives decided to rectify this by creating a given by their industry similar to the Oscars. This was the beginning of the National Academy of Recording Arts, after it was decided to create such an award, there was still a question of what to call it, one working title was the Eddie, to honor the inventor of the phonograph, Thomas Edison. They finally settled on using the name of the invention of Emile Berliner, the gramophone, for the awards, the number of awards given grew and fluctuated over the years with categories added and removed, at one time reaching over 100. The second Grammy Awards, also held in 1959, was the first ceremony to be televised, the gold-plated trophies, each depicting a gilded gramophone, are made and assembled by hand by Billings Artworks in Ridgway, Colorado. In 1990 the original Grammy design was revamped, changing the traditional soft lead for a stronger alloy less prone to damage, Billings developed a zinc alloy named grammium, which is trademarked. The trophies with the name engraved on them are not available until after the award announcements. By February 2009,7,578 Grammy trophies had been awarded, the General Field are four awards which are not restricted by genre. Album of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a full album if other than the performer. Record of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a single song if other than the performer. Song of the Year is awarded to the writer/composer of a single song, Best New Artist is awarded to a promising breakthrough performer who releases, during the Eligibility Year, the first recording that establishes the public identity of that artist. The only two artists to win all four of these awards are Christopher Cross, who won all four in 1980, and Adele, who won the Best New Artist award in 2009 and the other three in 2012 and 2017. Other awards are given for performance and production in specific genres, as well as for other such as artwork. Special awards are given for longer-lasting contributions to the music industry, the many other Grammy trophies are presented in a pre-telecast Premiere Ceremony earlier in the afternoon before the Grammy Awards telecast
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Grammy Awards
Grammy Award
53.
Bruno Mars
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Peter Gene Hernandez, known professionally as Bruno Mars, is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and choreographer. Born and raised in Honolulu, Hawaii, by a family of musicians, Mars began making music at a young age and he graduated from high school and moved to Los Angeles to pursue a musical career. After being dropped by Motown Records, Mars signed a contract with Atlantic Records in 2009. In 2009, he co-founded the production team The Smeezingtons, responsible for the singles Nothin on You by B. o. B and he featured on the hooks for both singles, becoming recognized as a solo artist. His debut studio album Doo-Wops & Hooligans included the U. S. Billboard Hot 100 chart-topping singles Just the Way You Are and Grenade and his second album, Unorthodox Jukebox, peaked at number one in the United States. The album spawned the international singles Locked Out of Heaven, When I Was Your Man, in 2014, Mars lent his vocals to Mark Ronsons Uptown Funk. In 2016, he released his studio album 24K Magic with the lead single of the same title released on October 7,2016. To date, he has sold over 100 million singles and albums combined worldwide, Mars has landed six number-one singles on the Billboard Hot 100 since his career launched in 2010, attaining his first five faster than any male artist since Elvis Presley. Mars has received awards and nominations, including five Grammy Awards. In December 2013, he ranked number one on the Forbes 30 under 30 list, Mars is known for his stage performances and retro showmanship. He is accompanied by his band, The Hooligans, who play a variety of such as electric guitar, bass, piano, keyboards, drums and horns. Mars performs in a range of musical styles. Peter Gene Hernandez was born on October 8,1985, in Honolulu, Hawaii to Peter Hernandez and Bernadette San Pedro Bayot and his father is of half Puerto Rican and half Ashkenazi Jewish descent, and is originally from Brooklyn, New York. His mother emigrated from the Philippines to Hawaii as a child, and was of Filipino and his parents met while performing in a show in which his mother was a hula dancer and his father played percussion. At the age of two, he was nicknamed Bruno by his father, because of his resemblance to professional wrestler Bruno Sammartino. Mars is one of six children and came from a family which exposed him to a diverse mix of genres including, reggae, rock, hip hop. His mother was both a singer and a dancer, and his father performed Little Richard rock and roll music, Mars uncle was an Elvis impersonator, and also encouraged three-year-old Mars to perform on stage. Mars performed songs by such as Michael Jackson, The Isley Brothers
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Mars performing in Las Vegas in 2010
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Mars performing live in Houston, 2010
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Music artists such as Michael Jackson (left) and Prince (right) have influenced Mars.
Bruno Mars
54.
Trey Songz
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Tremaine Aldon Neverson, better known as Trey Songz, is an American singer, songwriter and actor. His debut album, I Gotta Make It, was released in 2005 through Atlantic Records and his follow-up album, Trey Day, spawned his first top 20 single, Cant Help but Wait. Songz released his third album Ready in 2009 and a single from the album, Say Aah, Ready was nominated for Best Male R&B Vocal Performance at the 2008 Grammy Awards. The following year saw Songzs highest charting song to date, Bottoms Up featuring rapper Nicki Minaj from his studio album, Passion. In 2012, Songz released his first number one album, Chapter V, the albums lead single titled Heart Attack was nominated for Best R&B Song at the 2013 Grammy Awards. Following that Songz released his studio album, Trigga in 2014, promoted by the top 40 songs, Na Na. He has sold an overall 14 million records worldwide in singles, tremaine Aldon Neverson was born on November 28,1984, in Petersburg, Virginia. He is the son of April Tucker, who was seventeen when he was born and he recognized his vocal abilities at the age of 14. Reluctant to sing, he began performing with encouragement by friends, after graduating from Petersburg High School in 2003, Songz moved to New Jersey to begin recording his debut album, though recording did not actually begin until 2002. While recording his album in 2004, Songz released multiple mixtapes under the alias Prince of Virginia. One of the featured a answer track to R. Kellys Trapped in the Closet. The song gave Songz some notoriety and his debut album, I Gotta Make It was released on July 26,2005. It debuted at #20 on the Billboard 200, selling 40,000 copies in its first week of sales and it has sold 300,000 records in the US. Songzs debut single, Gotta Make It, featuring Twista, was released in March 2005 and reached #87 on the Billboard Hot 100 and it garnered success in the R&B/urban community but failed to make a mark in mainstream music. After promotion for his debut concluded, he was featured on the single from Twistas fifth album. The single, Girl Tonite, reached #14 on the Hot 100 and #3 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, Trey aimed for the album to be more mainstream-oriented than his debut album. His second studio album, Trey Day, was released on October 2,2007, the album reached #11 on the Billboard 200, selling 73,000 copies in its first week. It has since sold 400,000 records in the US, the album was going to be released on May 8,2007, but was continually delayed in order for a successful single to precede the album, as the lead single failed to impact charts
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Trey Songz performing at Supafest 3 in Sydney, Australia, April 2012
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Trey Songz performing live in 2007
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Trey Songz performing at Summer Jam on June 5, 2010.
55.
Virtual International Authority File
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The Virtual International Authority File is an international authority file. It is a joint project of national libraries and operated by the Online Computer Library Center. The project was initiated by the US Library of Congress, the German National Library, the National Library of France joined the project on October 5,2007. The project transitions to a service of the OCLC on April 4,2012, the aim is to link the national authority files to a single virtual authority file. In this file, identical records from the different data sets are linked together, a VIAF record receives a standard data number, contains the primary see and see also records from the original records, and refers to the original authority records. The data are available online and are available for research and data exchange. Reciprocal updating uses the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting protocol, the file numbers are also being added to Wikipedia biographical articles and are incorporated into Wikidata. VIAFs clustering algorithm is run every month, as more data are added from participating libraries, clusters of authority records may coalesce or split, leading to some fluctuation in the VIAF identifier of certain authority records
Virtual International Authority File
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Screenshot 2012
56.
Integrated Authority File
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The Integrated Authority File or GND is an international authority file for the organisation of personal names, subject headings and corporate bodies from catalogues. It is used mainly for documentation in libraries and increasingly also by archives, the GND is managed by the German National Library in cooperation with various regional library networks in German-speaking Europe and other partners. The GND falls under the Creative Commons Zero license, the GND specification provides a hierarchy of high-level entities and sub-classes, useful in library classification, and an approach to unambiguous identification of single elements. It also comprises an ontology intended for knowledge representation in the semantic web, available in the RDF format
Integrated Authority File
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GND screenshot
57.
MusicBrainz
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MusicBrainz is a project that aims to create an open data music database that is similar to the freedb project. MusicBrainz was founded in response to the placed on the Compact Disc Database. MusicBrainz has expanded its goals to reach beyond a compact disc metadata storehouse to become an open online database for music. MusicBrainz captures information about artists, their works, and the relationships between them. Recorded works entries capture at a minimum the album title, track titles, and these entries are maintained by volunteer editors who follow community written style guidelines. Recorded works can also store information about the date and country. As of 26 July 2016, MusicBrainz contained information about roughly 1.1 million artists,1.6 million releases, end-users can use software that communicates with MusicBrainz to add metadata tags to their digital media files, such as MP3, Ogg Vorbis or AAC. As with other contributions, the MusicBrainz community is in charge for maintaining and reviewing the data, besides collecting metadata about music, MusicBrainz also allows looking up recordings by their acoustic fingerprint. A separate application, such as MusicBrainz Picard, must be used for this, in 2000, MusicBrainz started using Relatables patented TRM for acoustic fingerprint matching. This feature attracted many users and allowed the database to grow quickly, however, by 2005 TRM was showing scalability issues as the number of tracks in the database had reached into the millions. This issue was resolved in May 2006 when MusicBrainz partnered with MusicIP, tRMs were phased out and replaced by MusicDNS in November 2008. In October 2009 MusicIP was acquired by AmpliFIND, some time after the acquisition, the MusicDNS service began having intermittent problems. Since the future of the free service was uncertain, a replacement for it was sought. The Chromaprint acoustic fingerprinting algorithm, the basis for AcoustID identification service, was started in February 2010 by a long-time MusicBrainz contributor Lukáš Lalinský, while AcoustID and Chromaprint are not officially MusicBrainz projects, they are closely tied with each other and both are open source. Chromaprint works by analyzing the first two minutes of a track, detecting the strength in each of 12 pitch classes, storing these 8 times per second, additional post-processing is then applied to compress this fingerprint while retaining patterns. The AcoustID search server then searches from the database of fingerprints by similarity, since 2003, MusicBrainzs core data are in the public domain, and additional content, including moderation data, is placed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-SA-2.0 license. The relational database management system is PostgreSQL, the server software is covered by the GNU General Public License. The MusicBrainz client software library, libmusicbrainz, is licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License, in December 2004, the MusicBrainz project was turned over to the MetaBrainz Foundation, a non-profit group, by its creator Robert Kaye
MusicBrainz
