1.
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
Geographic coordinate system
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Longitude lines are perpendicular and latitude lines are parallel to the equator.
2.
Aquitaine
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Aquitaine, archaic Guyenne/Guienne was a traditional region of France, and was an administrative region of France until 1 January 2016. It is now part of the new region Nouvelle-Aquitaine and it is situated in the south-western part of Metropolitan France, along the Atlantic Ocean and the Pyrenees mountain range on the border with Spain. It is composed of the five departments of Dordogne, Lot-et-Garonne, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Landes, in the Middle Ages, Aquitaine was a kingdom and a duchy, whose boundaries fluctuated considerably. This has been demonstrated by various Aquitanian names and words that were recorded by the Romans, whether this Aquitanian language was a remnant of a Vasconic language group that once extended much farther, or whether it was generally limited to the Aquitaine/Basque region is not known. The original Aquitania at the time of Caesars conquest of Gaul included the area bounded by the Garonne River, the Pyrenees, the name may stem from Latin aqua, maybe derived from the town Aquae Augustae, Aquae Tarbellicae or just Aquis or as a more general geographical feature. In 392, the Roman imperial provinces were restructured and Aquitania Prima, Aquitania Secunda, accounts of Aquitania during the Early Middle Ages are a blur, lacking precision, but there was much unrest. The Visigoths were called into Gaul as foederati, legalizing their status within the Empire, eventually they established themselves as the de facto rulers in south-west Gaul as central Roman rule collapsed. Visigoths established their capital in Toulouse, but their tenure on Aquitaine was feeble, in 507, they were expelled south to Hispania after their defeat in the Battle of Vouillé by the Franks, who became the new rulers in the area to the south of the Loire. The Roman Aquitania Tertia remained in place as Novempopulania, where a duke was appointed to hold a grip over the Basques and these dukes were quite detached from central Frankish overlordship, sometimes governing as independent rulers with strong ties to their kinsmen south of the Pyrenees. As of 660, the foundations for an independent Aquitaine/Vasconia polity were established by the duke Felix of Aquitaine, a united Basque-Aquitanian realm reached its heyday under Odo the Greats rule. Odo was required to pledge allegiance to the Frankish Charles Martel in exchange for help against the advancing Arabic forces, Basque-Aquitanian self-rule temporarily came to a halt, definitely in 768 after the assassination of Waifer. Seguin, count of Bordeaux and Duke of Vasconia, seemed to have attempted a detachment from the Frankish central authority on Charlemagnes death, the new emperor Louis the Pious reacted by removing him from his capacity, which stirred the Basques into rebellion. Before Pepins death, emperor Louis had appointed a new king in 832, his son Charles the Bald, however scarce, some Frankish population and nobles settled down in regions like Albigeois, Carcassone, Toulouse, and Provence and Lower Rhone. After the death of the king Dagobert I, the Merovingian tenure south of the Loire became largely nominal, with the power being in the hands of autonomous regional leaders. The Franks may have largely assimilated to the preponderant Gallo-Roman culture by the 8th century. Still, in the Battle of Toulouse, the Aquitanian duke Odo is said to be leading an army of Aquitanians, on the other hand, the Franks didnt mix with the Basques, keeping separate paths. Recorded evidence points to their deployment across Aquitaine in a capacity as a mainstay of the Dukes forces. Romans are cited as living in the cities of Aquitaine, as opposed to the Franks, in 1058, the Duchy of Vasconia and Aquitaine merged under the rule of William VIII, Duke of Aquitaine
Aquitaine
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Landscape in Dordogne, Aquitaine
Aquitaine
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Flag
Aquitaine
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Situation in the duchies of Vasconia and Aquitaine (760)
Aquitaine
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Landscape in Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Aquitaine
3.
Runway
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According to the International Civil Aviation Organization, a runway is a defined rectangular area on a land aerodrome prepared for the landing and takeoff of aircraft. Runways may be a surface or a natural surface. Runways are named by a number between 01 and 36, which is generally the magnetic azimuth of the heading in decadegrees. This heading differs from true north by the magnetic declination. A runway numbered 09 points east, runway 18 is south, runway 27 points west, when taking off from or landing on runway 09, a plane would be heading 90°. A runway can normally be used in both directions, and is named for each separately, e. g. runway 33 in one direction is runway 15 when used in the other. The two numbers usually differ by 18, Runway Zero Three Left becomes Runway Two One Right when used in the opposite direction. In some countries, if parallel runways are too close to each other, at large airports with four or more parallel runways some runway identifiers are shifted by 10 degrees to avoid the ambiguity that would result with more than three parallel runways. For example, in Los Angeles, this results in runways 6L, 6R, 7L. At Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, there are five parallel runways, named 17L, 17C, 17R, 18L, for clarity in radio communications, each digit in the runway name is pronounced individually, runway three six, runway one four, etc. A leading zero, for example in runway zero six or runway zero one left, is included for all ICAO, however, most U. S. civil aviation airports drop the leading zero as required by FAA regulation. This also includes some military airfields such as Cairns Army Airfield and this American anomaly may lead to inconsistencies in conversations between American pilots and controllers in other countries. It is very common in a such as Canada for a controller to clear an incoming American aircraft to, for example, runway 04. In flight simulation programs those of American origin might apply U. S. usage to airports around the world, for example, runway 05 at Halifax will appear on the program as the single digit 5 rather than 05. Runway designations change over time because the magnetic poles slowly drift on the Earths surface, depending on the airport location and how much drift takes place, it may be necessary over time to change the runway designation. As runways are designated with headings rounded to the nearest 10 degrees, for example, if the magnetic heading of a runway is 233 degrees, it would be designated Runway 23. If the magnetic heading changed downwards by 5 degrees to 228, if on the other hand the original magnetic heading was 226, and the heading decreased by only 2 degrees to 224, the runway should become Runway 22. Because the drift itself is slow, runway designation changes are uncommon
Runway
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A runway at Brussels Airport
Runway
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Runway of Chennai International Airport, Chennai, India
Runway
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Runways at Stockholm-Arlanda Airport
Runway
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Runway sign at Madrid-Barajas Airport, Spain
4.
International airport
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An international airport is an airport that offers customs and immigration facilities for passengers travelling between countries. International airports often also host domestic flights, some, such as Frankfurt Airport in Germany are very large, others such as Faaā International Airport in Tahiti, are quite small. Buildings, operations and management have become increasingly sophisticated since the mid 20th century, detailed technical standards have been developed to ensure safety and common coding systems implemented to provide global consistency. The physical structures that serve millions of passengers and flights are among the most complex. In August 1919, Hounslow Heath Aerodrome, in London, England was the first airport to operate scheduled international commercial services and it was closed and supplanted by Croydon Airport in March 1920. In the United States, Douglas Municipal Airport in Arizona became the first international airport of the Americas in 1928, the precursors to international airports were airfields or aerodromes. In the early days of international flights, there was limited infrastructure, four-engined land planes being unavailable for over-water operations to international destinations, thus/therefore flying boats became part of the solution. At the far end of the longest international route, on-water landing areas were found in such as Surabaya. In Sydney, Rose Bay, New South Wales, was chosen as the landing area. International airports sometimes serve military as well as commercial purposes and their viability is also affected by technological developments, other international airports, such as Kai Tak Airport in Hong Kong, have been decommissioned and replaced when they reached capacity or technological advances rendered them inadequate. Airports may also be regarded as emblematic of national pride and so the design may be architecturally ambitious, an example is the planned New Mexico City international airport, intended to replace an airport that has reached capacity. Airports can be towered or non-towered, depending on air traffic density, because of high capacity and busy airspace, many international airports have air traffic control located on site. Construction of the expressway included the construction of two bridges and the Ma Wan viaduct on Ma Wan island to connect the bridges, each bridge carries rail and automobile traffic. International airports have commercial relationships with and provide services to airlines, many also serve as hubs, or places where non-direct flights may land and passengers may switch planes, while others serve primarily direct point-to-point flights. This affects airport design factors, including the number and placement of terminals as well as the flow of passengers, an airport specializing in point-to-point transit can have international and domestic terminals, each in their separate building equipped with separate baggage handling facilities. In a hub airport, however, spaces and services are shared, technical standards for safety and operating procedures at international airports are set by international agreements. The International Air Transport Association, formed in 1945, is the association of the airline companies, the International Civil Aviation Organization is a body of the United Nations succeeding earlier international committees going back to 1903. These two organizations served to create regulations over airports which the airports themselves had no authority to debate and this eventually sparked an entire subject of air travel politics
International airport
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An aerial photograph of San Francisco International Airport at night, showing departure gates radiating out from the terminal building, aerobridges, apron and parked planes (2005)
International airport
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Qantas Empire Airways International flying boat services arriving at Rose Bay, Sydney (c.1939)
International airport
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Airports have to be designed to fit into the landscape (Nouméa Magenta Airport)
International airport
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A flight information display system screen at Charles de Gaulle Airport 's Terminal 2 showing flight arrivals
5.
Departments of France
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In the administrative divisions of France, the department is one of the three levels of government below the national level, between the administrative regions and the commune. There are 96 departments in metropolitan France and 5 overseas departments, each department is administered by an elected body called a departmental council. From 1800 to April 2015, they were called general councils, the departments were created in 1791 as a rational replacement of Ancien Régime provinces with a view to strengthen national unity, the title department is used to mean a part of a larger whole. Almost all of them were named after geographical features rather than after historical or cultural territories which could have their own loyalties. The earliest known suggestion of it is from 1764 in the writings of dArgenson and they have inspired similar divisions in many countries, some of them former French colonies. Most French departments are assigned a number, the Official Geographical Code. Some overseas departments have a three-digit number, the number is used, for example, in the postal code, and was until recently used for all vehicle registration plates. For example, inhabitants of Loiret might refer to their department as the 45 and this reform project has since been abandoned. The first French territorial departments were proposed in 1665 by Marc-René dArgenson to serve as administrative areas purely for the Ponts et Chaussées infrastructure administration, before the French Revolution, France gained territory gradually through the annexation of a mosaic of independent entities. By the close of the Ancien Régime, it was organised into provinces, during the period of the Revolution, these were dissolved, partly in order to weaken old loyalties. Their boundaries served two purposes, Boundaries were chosen to break up Frances historical regions in an attempt to erase cultural differences, Boundaries were set so that every settlement in the country was within a days ride of the capital of the department. This was a security measure, intended to keep the national territory under close control. This measure was directly inspired by the Great Terror, during which the government had lost control of rural areas far from any centre of government. The old nomenclature was carefully avoided in naming the new departments, most were named after an areas principal river or other physical features. Even Paris was in the department of Seine, the number of departments, initially 83, was increased to 130 by 1809 with the territorial gains of the Republic and of the First French Empire. Following Napoleons defeats in 1814-1815, the Congress of Vienna returned France to its pre-war size, in 1860, France acquired the County of Nice and Savoy, which led to the creation of three new departments. Two were added from the new Savoyard territory, while the department of Alpes-Maritimes was created from Nice, the 89 departments were given numbers based on their alphabetical order. The department of Bas-Rhin and parts of Meurthe, Moselle, Vosges and Haut-Rhin were ceded to the German Empire in 1871, following Frances defeat in the Franco-Prussian War
Departments of France
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Geometrical proposition rejected
Departments of France
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The 101 departments of France
Departments of France
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The three Algerian departments in 1848
6.
Gironde
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Gironde is a department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of southwest France. It is named for the Gironde estuary, a major waterway, the Bordeaux wine region is in the Gironde. Gironde is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790 and it was created from parts of the former provinces of Guyenne and Gascony. From 1793 to 1795, the name was changed to Bec-dAmbès to avoid the association with the revolutionary party. Gironde is part of the current region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine and is surrounded by the departments of Landes, Lot-et-Garonne, Dordogne and Charente-Maritime, with an area of 10,000 km², Gironde is the largest department in metropolitan France. If overseas departments are included, however, Girondes land area is dwarfed by the 83,846 km² of Guyane, Gironde is well known for the Côte dArgent beach which is Europes longest, attracting many surfers to Lacanau each year. It is also the birthplace of Jacques-Yves Cousteau who studied the sea, the Great Dune of Pyla in Arcachon Bay near Bordeaux is the tallest sand dune in Europe. The President of the General Council is Jean-Luc Gleyze of the Socialist Party
Gironde
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Prefecture building of the Gironde department, in Bordeaux
Gironde
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Bordeaux
Gironde
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Bordeaux wine
Gironde
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The Great Dune of Pyla
7.
Ryanair
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Ryanair Ltd. is an Irish low-cost airline headquartered in Swords, a suburb of Dublin, Ireland, with its primary operational bases at Dublin and London Stansted Airports. In 2016, Ryanair was both the largest European airline by scheduled passengers carried, and the busiest international airline by passenger numbers. Ryanair operates over 370 Boeing 737-800 aircraft, with a single 737-700 used primarily as a charter aircraft, the airline has been characterised by its rapid expansion, a result of the deregulation of the aviation industry in Europe in 1997 and the success of its low-cost business model. Ryanairs route network serves 34 countries in Europe, Africa, since its establishment in 1984, Ryanair has grown from a small airline flying the short journey from Waterford to London into Europes largest carrier. As of 2013 including over 1,200 pilots, after the rapidly growing airline went public in 1997, the money raised was used to expand the airline into a pan-European carrier. Revenues have risen from €231 million in 1998, to €1,843 million in 2003, similarly net profits have increased from €48 million to €339 million over the same period. Ryanair was founded in 1984 as Danren Enterprises by Christopher Ryan, Liam Lonergan and Irish businessman Tony Ryan, in 1986, the company added a second route – flying Dublin–Luton in direct competition with the Aer Lingus / British Airways duopoly for the first time. Under partial EU deregulation, airlines could begin new international intra-EU services, the Irish government at the time refused its approval, to protect Aer Lingus, but Britain, under Margaret Thatchers deregulating Conservative government, approved the service. With two routes and two planes, the airline carried 82,000 passengers in one year. In 1986 the directors of Ryanair took an 85% stake in London European Airways, from 1987 this provided a connection with the Luton Ryanair service onward to Amsterdam, in 1988 London European operated as Ryanair Europe and later began to operate charter services. Ryanair passenger numbers continued to increase, but the airline generally ran at a loss and, Michael OLeary was charged with the task of making the airline profitable. OLeary quickly decided that the key to profitability was low fares, quick turn-around times for aircraft, no frills and no business class, in 1989, a Short Sandringham was operated with Ryanair sponsorship titles but never flew revenue-generating services for the airline. He competed with the airlines by providing a no-frills, low-cost service. Flights were scheduled into regional airports, which offered lower landing and handling charges than larger established international airports, OLeary as Chief Executive took part in a publicity stunt, where he helped out with baggage handling on Ryanair flights at Dublin Airport. By 1995, after the consistent pursuit of its low-cost business model, in 1998, flush with new capital, the airline placed a massive US$2 billion order for 45 new Boeing 737-800 series aircraft. The airline launched its website in 2000, with online booking initially said to be a small, increasingly the online booking contributed to the aim of cutting flight prices by selling directly to passengers and excluding the costs imposed by travel agents. Within a year, the website was handling three-quarters of all bookings, Ryanair launched a new base of operation in Charleroi Airport in 2001. Later that year, the airline ordered 155 new 737-800 aircraft from Boeing at what was believed to be a substantial discount, to be delivered over eight years from 2002 to 2010
Ryanair
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ATR-42 in 1991
Ryanair
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Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante in 1988
Ryanair
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Ryanair operated BAC 1-11 series 500 aircraft between 1988 and 1993
Ryanair
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Boeing 737 -200 landing at Bristol Airport, the type operated by the company through the 1990s and until 2005
8.
Aegean Airlines
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Aegean Airlines S. A. is the largest Greek airline by total number of passengers carried, by number of destinations served and by fleet size. Its main hubs are Athens International Airport in Athens, Thessaloniki International Airport in Thessaloniki and it also uses other Greek airports as bases, some of which are seasonal. It has its office in Kifisia, a suburb of Athens. Although the airline is the largest airline in Greece, it is not a flag carrier. On 21 October 2012, Aegean Airlines announced that it had struck a deal to acquire Olympic Air, both carriers continue to operate under separate brands. In addition, Aegean Airlines participated in the stages of the tender for the privatization of Cyprus Airways. Aegean Airlines was founded as Aegean Aviation in 1987 and it was originally a VIP/business air operation specialising in executive and air ambulance services. On 17 February 1992, it became the first airline to be issued with a Greek independent air operators licence, after it was acquired by Vasilakis Group in 1994, Aegean Aviation commenced VIP flights from Athens all over the world with wholly owned Learjet aircraft. The Aegean Airlines name was adopted with the start of scheduled services at the end of May 1999. Aegeans first commercial flights were in May 1999 from Athens to Heraklion, Crete, in December 1999 Aegean also acquired Air Greece. After an agreement in March 2001 to merge Aegean and Cronus Airlines, since 2005, the airline has been in partnership with Lufthansa, offering participation in the Miles & More programme, and its flights, in addition to its A3 code also have the Lufthansa LH code. In March 2006, Aegean Airlines also entered into an agreement with TAP Portugal. In December 2008, Aegean Airlines announced its co-operation with Brussels Airlines, in 2009, Aegean Airlines started codeshare agreements with BMI, Brussels Airlines, Lufthansa and TAP Portugal. On 26 May 2009, the Aegean Airlines membership application was approved by the Chief Executive Board of Star Alliance, Aegean officially joined the alliance on 30 June 2010. In February 2010, initial shareholder discussions took place to consider co-operation between Aegean Airlines and Olympic Air fueling rumours of a possible merger, on 22 February 2010, Olympic Air and Aegean Airlines announced that they agreed to a merger. The newly merged airline was to carry the Olympic brand name and logo, the Aegean brand would cease to exist after the transition period. It was expected that the merger would be finalised and the new combined airline would begin operation by October 2010, Aegean joined Star Alliance at the end of June 2010. The intent was for the carrier to be a Star Alliance member
Aegean Airlines
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An Aegean Airlines British Aerospace Avro RJ100 (used 1999-2011).
Aegean Airlines
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Boeing 737-300 (used 2001-2010).
Aegean Airlines
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Aegean Airlines Airbus A320-232 (used from 2007).
Aegean Airlines
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Aegean Airbus A321-200, (2014)
9.
Athens International Airport
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It is Greeces busiest airport and it serves as the hub and main base of Aegean Airlines as well as other Greek airlines. The airport is currently in Group 2 of Airports Council International and as of 2016, AIA is located between the towns of Markopoulo, Koropi, Spata and Loutsa, about 20 km to the east of central Athens. As to-date, ownership is divided between the Hellenic Republic and Private Sector in a 55%-45% stake following a PPP scheme for the airport company, currently, private investors include the Copelouzos Group and PSP Investments of Canada, following purchase of Hochtiefs shares. The airport was constructed to replace the now-closed Athens International Airport, studies for a new airport had been carried out from as early as the 1970s, with as many as 19 different locations being looked at before an area close to the town of Spata was chosen as suitable. Athens Airport SA, a company, was established in 1978 to proceed with the plans. In 1996, Athens International Airport S. A. was established as a Public–private partnership with a 30-year concession agreement and that same year, the €2.1 billion development finally began with an estimated completion date of February 2001. The airport construction was completed five months before schedule, but was delayed opening a month due to connections to Attiki Odos not being completed. Its major features include two parallel runways being 4 km and 3.8 km long respectively, the airport has received approval from the European Aviation Safety Agency and the Federal Aviation Administration for take-offs and landings of the biggest passenger jet worldwide, the A380. The first ever A380 to visit Eleftherios Venizelos Athens International Airport made a landing on 13 April 2011 for emergency medical reasons. The first scheduled A380 flight took place on 26 October 2012 by Emirates, the Greek government-debt crisis reduced the overall passenger traffic of the airport for six consecutive years. Many long-haul airlines outright terminated service to the airport, while others chose to operate on a basis only. Moreover, these problems were exacerbated by the closure of Olympic Airlines. In 2013, the airport handled just above 12.5 million passengers,3. 2% fewer than in 2012,2014 signaled a strong recovery for the airports passenger traffic and all statistical figures. More than ten new airlines started new flights to and from Athens, Aegean Airlines strengthened its network by 30% while Ryanair established a new base in the Athens Airport and added eight destinations. Characteristically, Singapore and Gulf Air resumed flights while Emirates, Etihad Airways, delta Air Lines and American Airlines retained their seasonal schedules to/from USA with even more frequent connectivity. From 2017 onwards, year-round services to Singapore are going to resume after more than 5 years, flights are going to be opeated by Scoot. In addition, over the period, aircraft traffic exhibited a solid growth of 14% year-over-year. Strong growth was evident throughout 2016, both for domestic and international destinations, annual results reflect a solid performance having an all-time record high been achieved for a second year in a row fueled by double-digit growth, this time passing the twenty million mark
Athens International Airport
Athens International Airport
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Check-in-area
Athens International Airport
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Apron overview
10.
Dublin Airport
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Dublin Airport, is an international airport serving Dublin, the capital city of Ireland. The airport is located 5.4 nmi north of Dublin in Collinstown, in 2016,27.9 million passengers passed through the airport, making it the airports busiest year on record. It is the 16th busiest airport in Europe, and is also the busiest of the states airports by passenger traffic. It has the greatest traffic levels on the island of Ireland, followed by Belfast International Airport, the airport has an extensive short and medium haul network, served by an array of carriers, as well as some intercontinental routes focused in the Middle East and North America. United States border preclearance services are available at the airport for U. S. -bound passengers, Shannon Airport is the only other airport in Europe to offer this facility. A decision was made that an airport should replace Baldonnel as Dublins airport. The townlands of Collinstown, Rock and Corballis in the Barony of Coolock were selected as the location for the new civil aerodrome, collinstowns first association with aviation was as a British military air base during World War I. Construction of the airport was completed in 1919, and at the end of 1922 the land. The airfield quickly fell into disrepair and grass grew on the former runways, work on the new airport began in 1937. By the end of 1939, a grass surface, internal roads, car parks and electrical power. The inaugural flight from Dublin took place on 19 January 1940 to Liverpool, in August 1938, work began on a new airport terminal building. The terminal building was designed by architect Desmond FitzGerald, brother of politician Garret FitzGerald, the terminal building opened in early 1941, with its design heavily influenced by the tiered structure of the luxury ocean liners of the time. The terminal was awarded the Triennial Gold Medal of the Royal Hibernian Institute of Architects in 1942 and is today a listed building. Due to World War II, which was known as The Emergency in the Irish Free State, the only international scheduled route operated during this time was by Aer Lingus to Liverpool. The end of the war meant the beginning of an expansion in services at the airport. Aer Lingus resumed its London service to Croydon in November 1945, in 1947, KLM started the first European flights to Dublin with a service to Amsterdam. Three new concrete runways were completed in 1948, and in 1950 - after ten years in operation - the airport had welcomed a total of 920,000 passengers, throughout the 1950s Dublin Airport expanded with virtually uninterrupted traffic growth. Runway extensions and terminal enhancements were carried out to deal with the influx of traffic, new airlines began serving the airport also
Dublin Airport
Dublin Airport
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The original international style passenger terminal, completed in 1940
Dublin Airport
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An Aer Lingus DC-3 plane at Dublin Airport's original Terminal 1 in May 1950.
Dublin Airport
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Two of the airport's largest operators side-by-side, a Ryanair BAC 1-11 (front) and an Aer Lingus Boeing 737 (rear) in 1993
11.
Aigle Azur
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Société Aigle Azur Transports Aériens is an airline with its head office in Tremblay-en-France, France, near Paris, it is currently the second largest airline in France, behind the Air France Group. It operates domestic scheduled services and international services to Algeria, Mali, Portugal, Senegal. It also operates charter, cargo and wet lease services and its main bases are Orly Airport, Paris. Aigle Azur is also accredited by IATA with the IATA Operational Safety Audit for its safety practices, in April 1946, Sylvain Floirat established the original Aigle Azur as one of the first wholly privately owned, independent airlines in post-war France. Between 1946 and 1955, the airline operated a fleet of Douglas DC-3s. During the early 1950s, Aigle Azur began operating long-haul scheduled routes linking metropolitan France with Africa, Frances Ministry of Public Works and Transport had transferred Air Frances traffic rights for these routes to the countrys newly created independent airlines, including Aigle Azur. In 1970, the airline was re-constituted as an airline named Lucas Aviation. The re-formed airlines corporate and operational headquarters was at Paris Pontoise Airport, Lucas Aviation initially traded as Lucas Air Transport and operated regional scheduled services, including a year-round operation linking Deauville with London Gatwick. The name subsequently changed once more to Lucas Aigle Azur, in May 2001, Groupe GOFAST acquired Lucas Aigle Azur from its previous owners, and reinstated the original name, Aigle Azur. The new owner refocused the airline as a mainstream short- to medium-haul scheduled, Aigle Azur began replacing its Boeing 737s with Airbus A320 family aircraft. It has 450 employees as of May 2007, a plane operated by Aigle Azur landed in Baghdad on 31-10-2010, becoming the first flight from a European airline to arrive in the city since the twenty-year-old international embargo began in 1990. On 23 October 2012, HNA Group announced that it completed its acquisition of a 48 percent stake in Aigle Azur in Paris, in December 2012, Goldenflyer awarded the airline for Best Cabin crew. The airlines administrative head office is in Tremblay-en-France, near Paris, the airlines registered office is in the 2nd arrondissement of Paris. The majority of Aigle Azurs international flights are to Africa and Europe, Aigle Azur codeshares with Hainan Airlines. On 27 November 1949, an Aigle Azur Douglas C-47 Skytrain was shot down in an occurrence near Dong Khe. On 9 July 1950, an Aigle Azur Douglas C-47 Skytrain crashed shortly after take-off from Casablanca, on 12 February 1951, another Aigle Azur Skytrain was damaged beyond repair in a crash landing at Luang Prabang Airport. On 16 April 1953, another Aigle Azur C-47 lost one wing shortly after take-off from Hanoi on a charter flight to Nà Sản Airport. The aircraft subsequently crashed, and the 27 passengers and 3 crew members on board died, on 19 June 1953 an Aigle Azur Douglas C-47 crashed into a hill after a fire started on board, killing the 29 passengers and 5 crew members
Aigle Azur
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An Aigle Azur Douglas DC-3 arriving Manchester (Ringway) Airport on 3 April 1953. It is fitted with a ventral Turbomeca Palas booster jet for use in "hot and high operations".
Aigle Azur
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A Boeing 737-300 of Aigle Azur approaches Malta International Airport in 2004.
Aigle Azur
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An Airbus A320 in the airline's new livery landing at Toulouse Blagnac International Airport (September 2013).
Aigle Azur
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An Aigle Azur Airbus A321-200 at Paris-Orly Airport (2006).
12.
Air Arabia Maroc
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Air Arabia Maroc is a Moroccan low-cost airline, setup as a joint venture between various Moroccan investors and Air Arabia. Its head office is located in the Arrivals Terminal of Mohammed V International Airport in Nouaceur Province and it was launched in April 2009, and started operations in May the same year. Radiating from Casablanca, the first destinations served were Brussels, London, Marseille, Milan, Air Arabia Maroc was founded as a partnership between Air Arabia, Regional Air Lines and Ithmaar Bank. The low-cost carrier was launched on 29 April 2009, and started operations on 6 May the same year. In July the same year, Jason Bitter —former CEO of SkyEurope— was appointed Air Arabia Marocs CEO, the Air Arabia Maroc fleet consists of the following aircraft, List of airlines of Morocco Transport in Morocco Official website
Air Arabia Maroc
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An Air Arabia Maroc Airbus A320-200 on short final to Amsterdam Airport Schiphol in 2011.
13.
Air Corsica
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Trading as Air Corsica, is a French regional airline with its head office on the grounds of Ajaccio - Campo dellOro Airport in Ajaccio, Corsica, France. It operates passenger services from Corsica to continental France and its main base is Ajaccio - Campo dell’Oro Airport, with hubs at Figari Sud-Corse Airport, Bastia - Poretta Airport and Calvi - Sainte-Catherine Airport. The airline was established as Compagnie Corse Mediterranee on 1 January 1989 and it changed its name to CCM Airlines in November 2000 and to Air Corsica in October 2010. A partnership with Air France has been developed and the network expanded, on 14 June 2005 the airline agreed the purchase of 6 new ATR 72–500 aircraft to replace ATR 72–200, in a contract worth over $100 million. Deliveries took place between late 2005 and mid-2007, with the aircraft being operated under an Air France-KLM franchise on services from the four Corsican airports to Lyon, Marseille and Nice. The airline is owned by Collectivité Territoriale de Corse, Air France, Crédit Agricole, SNCM, Air Corsica operates certain flights as a franchise for Air France and Alitalia. Air Corsica outsources its Passenger Service System, which manages reservations, inventory, the Air Corsica fleet consists of the following aircraft, Official website Official website
Air Corsica
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Air Corsica Airbus A320
14.
Ajaccio Napoleon Bonaparte Airport
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Ajaccio Napoleon Bonaparte Airport, formerly “Campo dell’Oro Airport”, is the main airport serving Ajaccio on the French island of Corsica. It is located in Ajaccio, a commune of the département of Southern Corsica,5 km east of the harbour, the airport is the main base of regional airline Air Corsica, which operates services to Metropolitan France. It is named for Napoleon Bonaparte, who was born in Ajaccio, Campo dell’Oro, before aviation, was an alluvial plain at the mouth of the Gravona. The meaning of “Field of Gold” remains obscure, some 19th-century authors refer to a “rich cropland”, others, in 1940, a Vichy Air Corp unit was kept inactive at Campo dell’Oro. The liberation of Corsica began with the landing by sea in 1943 of I Corps at Ajaccio in Operation Vésuve. A few months later Fighter Group GC2/7 of the Free French Air Force, heavy aircraft were unable to land and came to mishap in the soft surface. In 1944 the United States Army Air Forces took over the airport and they defended B-24’s flying from new airfields constructed on the east coast of Corsica. Campo dell’Oro was a challenge for the aircraft because of its relatively short runways. Toward the end of the war, the runways were paved, on December 1,1981, Inex-Adria Aviopromet Flight 1308 crashed while on approach to this airport, killing all on board. Air Corsica has its office on the airport property. Media related to Ajaccio Airport at Wikimedia Commons Ajaccio Napoleon Bonaparte Airport - AirportName
Ajaccio Napoleon Bonaparte Airport
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Napoleon Bonaparte Airport Aéroport d'Ajaccio-Napoléon-Bonaparte
15.
Air Transat
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Air Transat is a Canadian leisure airline based in Montreal, Quebec, operating scheduled and charter flights, serving 63 destinations in 30 countries. The airline is owned and operated by Transat A. T. Inc, Air Transat made its inaugural flight on November 14,1987, travelling from Montreal to Acapulco. Six years later, Air Transat assumed defunct Nationairs maintenance base, today, the company books over 3.5 million passengers a year. It is an owned subsidiary of Transat A. T. Inc. On February 13,2009, Transat A. T. announced a partnership with CanJet. Since 1 May 2009, Transat Tours Canada has chartered CanJets Boeing 737 aircraft flying from Canadian cities to various destinations and this replaced an agreement with Calgary based Westjet. Air Transat is one of Canadas largest airlines, after Air Canada, on February 13,2011, Air Transat Flight TS163 operated with their first all female flight crew from Cancun to Vancouver. The airline has won awards, including the 2012 Skytrax Worlds Best Leisure Airline Award. On September 13,2013, Air Transat struck a lease deal with Air France-KLM leisure carrier Transavia France. Air Transat specializes in charter flights from 19 Canadian cities to destinations, mainly to 15 countries in the south during winter. Also, some destinations are provided all year around by the airline and its main Canadian gateways are Montréal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport, Toronto Pearson International Airport and Vancouver International Airport. The airline also has operations at Calgary International Airport, Edmonton International Airport, Québec City Jean Lesage International Airport, the aircraft safely landed at Lajes Air Base, on the island of Terceira. The aircraft was evacuated in 90 seconds, all 306 passengers on board survived. The part did not maintain adequate clearance between the lines and the fuel line, allowing vibration in the hydraulic lines to degrade the fuel line. The aircraft involved in the incident was repaired and remains in service with Air Transat, the incident went down in history as the longest non-powered flight and landing by a commercial airliner. The crew returned to Cuba, where they made a safe landing, the investigation that followed determined that the manufacturers inspection procedure for the composite rudder was not adequate. Inspection procedures for composite structures on airliners were changed because of this incident, media related to Air Transat at Wikimedia Commons Official website
Air Transat
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Air Transat Lockheed L-1011 in 1995
Air Transat
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Air Transat
Air Transat
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Airbus A310-304(ET) (C-GTSF) in old livery
Air Transat
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Air Transat A310-308 (C-GLAT)
16.
Blue Air
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Blue Air is the largest airline of Romania as of March,2017 and is headquartered in Bucharest, with its main hubs at Henri Coandă International Airport and Turin Airport. In 2016, the airline carried 3.6 million passengers, as of May 2016, Blue Air flies to 48 destinations in 12 European countries. Blue Air started its operations in December 2004, on 12 April 2013, Blue Airs management announced that the airline was for sale. The airline transported 1.5 million passengers in 2014, an increase from the 1.35 million passengers in 2013, in 2015, the airline transported for the first time more than 2 million passengers. With a total of 25 new routes announced for 2016, the airline forecasts carrying close to three passengers in 2016. Blue Air became a member of the International Air Transport Association on 19 January 2016. Furthermore, Blue Air received the IATA Operational Safety Audit certification in December 2015, Blue Air has used Bucharest as its primary hub for most of its history. Officially the airport was not closed, but the taxes for airlines were suddenly increased until no airline could afford them. As a result, all airlines moved their operations to Bucharests largest airport, Blue Air now uses this airport as its primary hub. The secondary hub is Turin Airport in Italy from November 2014, the total number of destinations to and from Turin are 15. The third operating base for Blue Air is located at Bacău International Airport, blueAir Transport Aerian SA managed to get a concession contract for 50 years of private administration of the airport. BlueAero was the company that held the contract. The airport needed urgent investments which the company promised to complete, Blue Air is now the only airline operating from the airport. TAROM and Carpatair had domestic and international flights from here, but were discontinued.7 million people, in March 2017, Blue Air is set to open its first UK Base in Liverpool John Lennon Airport and will base one aircraft there. Daily services are currently being provided between Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca, Iasi, Oradea and Timisoara, no injuries occurred, the aircraft sustained no damage. The passengers disembarked normally via mobile stairs and were bused to the terminal, Cluj-Napoca International Airport was closed for cca.3 hours due to the incident. Aviation in Romania Transport in Romania Media related to Blue Air at Wikimedia Commons Official website
Blue Air
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Blue Air Boeing 737-400 wearing the former livery
Blue Air
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Blue Air Boeing 737-800
17.
British Airways
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British Airways, often shortened to BA, is the flag carrier and the largest airline in the United Kingdom based on fleet size. When measured by passengers carried, it is second-largest in the United Kingdom behind easyJet, the airline is based in Waterside near its main hub at London Heathrow Airport. On 31 March 1974, all four companies were merged to form British Airways, after almost 13 years as a state company, British Airways was privatised in February 1987 as part of a wider privatisation plan by the Conservative government. The carrier soon expanded with the acquisition of British Caledonian in 1987, followed by Dan-Air in 1992, British Airways is a founding member of the Oneworld airline alliance, along with American Airlines, Cathay Pacific, Qantas, and the now defunct Canadian Airlines. The alliance has since grown to become the third-largest, after SkyTeam, IAG is listed on the London Stock Exchange and in the FTSE100 Index. A long-time Boeing customer, British Airways ordered 59 Airbus A320 family aircraft in August 1998, in 2007 it purchased 12 Airbus A380s and 24 Boeing 787 Dreamliners, marking the start of its long-haul fleet replacement. The centrepiece of the airlines fleet is the Boeing 777. British Airways is the largest operator of the Boeing 747-400, with 51 registered to the airline, on 1 September 1972 the management service functions of both BOAC and BEA were combined under the newly formed British Airways Group. British Airways was established as an airline on 31 March 1974 by the dissolution of BOAC, British Airways and Air France operated the supersonic airliner Aerospatiale-BAC Concorde, and the worlds first supersonic passenger service flew in January 1976 from London Heathrow to Bahrain. Services to the US began on 24 May 1976 with a flight to Washington Dulles airport, service to Singapore was established in co-operation with Singapore Airlines as a continuation of the flight to Bahrain. The final commercial Concorde flight was BA002 from New York JFK to London Heathrow on 24 October 2003, in 1981 the airline was instructed to prepare for privatisation by the Conservative Thatcher government. Sir John King, later Lord King, was appointed chairman, while many other large airlines struggled, King was credited with transforming British Airways into one of the most profitable air carriers in the world. The flag carrier was privatised and was floated on the London Stock Exchange in February 1987, British Airways effected the takeover of the UKs second airline, British Caledonian, in July of that same year. The formation of Richard Bransons Virgin Atlantic Airways in 1984 created a competitor for BA and this campaign included allegations of poaching Virgin Atlantic customers, tampering with private files belonging to Virgin and undermining Virgins reputation in the City. As a result of the case BA management apologised unreservedly, Lord King stepped down as chairman in 1993 and was replaced by his deputy, Colin Marshall, while Bob Ayling took over as CEO. Virgin filed an action in the US that same year regarding BAs domination of the trans-Atlantic routes. In 1992 British Airways expanded through the acquisition of the financially troubled Dan-Air, British Asia Airways, a subsidiary based in Taiwan, was formed in March 1993 to operate between London and Taipei. That same month BA purchased a 25% stake in the Australian airline Qantas and, with the acquisition of Brymon Airways in May, in September 1998, British Airways, along with American Airlines, Cathay Pacific, Qantas, and Canadian Airlines, formed the Oneworld airline alliance
British Airways
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A Boeing 747-100 in BOAC-British Airways transition livery
British Airways
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A British Airways Hawker Siddeley Trident in transitional scheme with BEA livery but with British Airways titles
British Airways
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British Airways' first Concorde at Heathrow Airport, on 15 January 1976
British Airways
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British Airways and Iberia merged in January 2011, forming the International Airlines Group, one of the world's largest airlines.
18.
London-Gatwick
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Gatwick Airport is a major international airport in south-east England,29.5 miles south of Central London and 2.7 nautical miles north of Crawley. It is the second-busiest airport by passenger traffic in the United Kingdom. Gatwick is the eighth-busiest airport in Europe, Gatwick opened as an aerodrome in the late 1920s, and has been in use for commercial flights since 1933. The airport has two terminals, the North Terminal and the South Terminal, which areas of 98,000 m2 and 160,000 m2 respectively. It operates as a airport, using a main runway with a length of 3,316 m. A secondary runway is available but, due to its proximity to the main runway, in 2016,43.1 million passengers passed through the airport, a 7. 1% increase compared with 2015. The land on which Gatwick Airport stands was first developed as an aerodrome in the late 1920s, the Air Ministry approved commercial flights from the site in 1933, and the first terminal, The Beehive, was built in 1935. Scheduled air services from the new terminal began the following year, major development work at the airport took place during the 1950s. The airport buildings were designed by Yorke Rosenberg Mardall between 1955 and 1988, further rapid growth of charter flights at Gatwick was encouraged by the Ministry of Aviation, which instructed airlines to move regular charter flights from Heathrow. Following the takeover of BUA by Caledonian Airways at the beginning of the following decade, while continuing to dominate scheduled operations at Gatwick for most of the 1980s, BCal was also one of the airports major charter airlines until the end of the 1970s. Following the demise of Air Europe and Dan-Air in the early 1990s and these moves resulted in BA becoming Gatwicks dominant airline by the turn of the millennium. BAs subsequent decision to de-hub Gatwick provided the space for EasyJet to establish its biggest base at the airport, BAA Limited and its predecessors, BAA plc and the British Airports Authority, owned and operated Gatwick from 1 April 1966 to 2 December 2009. From 1978 to 2008, many flights to and from the United States used Gatwick because of restrictions on the use of Heathrow implemented in the Bermuda II agreement between the UK and the US. US Airways, Gatwicks last remaining US carrier, ended service from Gatwick on 30 March 2013 and this leaves Gatwick without a scheduled US airline for the first time in nearly 40 years. On 17 September 2008, BAA announced it would sell Gatwick after the Competition Commission published a report about BAAs market dominance in London, the sale was completed on 3 December. The sales were part of GIPs strategy to syndicate the equity portion of the acquisition by issuing bonds to refinance bank debt. Although this entails bringing additional investors into the airport, GIP aims to retain management control, the Californian state pension fund CalPERS acquired a 12. 7% stake in Gatwick Airport for about $155 million in June 2010. This transaction completed GIPs syndication process for the airport, reducing its stake to 42%, the airport is owned and operated by Gatwick Airport Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Ivy Holdco Limited
London-Gatwick
London-Gatwick
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Gatwick Airport
London-Gatwick
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Gatwick's North Terminal building and transit station
London-Gatwick
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South Terminal international arrivals concourse
19.
Chalair Aviation
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Chalair Aviation is a French regional airline with its head office and base on the grounds of Caen – Carpiquet Airport in Carpiquet. It operates scheduled services as well as charter flights for various occasions. The airline was founded in 1986, between 1997 and 2004, Chalair Aviation operated 1 Fairchild Swearingen Metroliner,1 ATR 42-300 and 3 Cessna Citation II and CJ2 jets. The airline now employs a total 42 persons, among them 27 are pilots, in July 2016, Chalair Aviation took over the Antwerp to Hamburg route from bankrupt VLM Airlines, inaugurating its first service to Germany
Chalair Aviation
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Chalair Aviation
20.
Brest Bretagne Airport
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Brest Bretagne Airport, formerly known as Brest Guipavas Airport, is an international airport serving Brest, France. It is located in the commune of Guipavas and 10.2 km northeast of Brest, though the main operator is Air France, serving for the most part Paris, other scheduled services are offered elsewhere in France and to the United Kingdom. The aggressive efforts the Chamber of Commerce conducted allowed the airport to grow dramatically over the past decade thanks to charter airlines, media related to Brest Bretagne airport at Wikimedia Commons Brest Bretagne Airport Aéroport de Brest Bretagne Airport information for LFRB at World Aero Data. Data current as of October 2006, current weather for LFRB at NOAA/NWS Accident history for BES at Aviation Safety Network
Brest Bretagne Airport
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Brest Bretagne Airport Aéroport de Brest Bretagne
21.
Lille Airport
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Lille Airport is an airport located in Lesquin,7 km south-southeast of Lille, a city in northern France. It is also known as Lille-Lesquin Airport or Lesquin Airport, Lille is the principal city of the Lille Métropole, the capital of the Nord-Pas de Calais region and the prefecture of the Nord department. The airport is 15 minutes from the city centre of Lille and it is the 12th busiest French airport in number of passengers, around 970,000 passengers in 2001 and 1,397,637 passengers in 2012. In terms of shipping, it ranks fourth, with almost 38,000 tonnes of freight pass through each year. Airport Passenger Traffic Media related to Lille Lesquin International Airport at Wikimedia Commons Current weather for LFQQ at NOAA/NWS Accident history for LIL at Aviation Safety Network
Lille Airport
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Lille Airport Aéroport de Lille (Advanced Landing Ground B-51)
22.
London-Luton
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In 2016, over 14.6 million passengers passed through the airport, a record total for Luton making it the fifth busiest airport in the UK. It is the fourth-largest airport serving the London area after Heathrow, Gatwick and Stansted, the airport serves as a base for EasyJet, Monarch, Thomson Airways, Ryanair and Wizz Air. The vast majority of the routes served are within Europe, although there are some charter and scheduled routes to destinations in Northern Africa, the airport is 2 mi from Junction 10 of the M1 motorway. An airport was opened on the site on 16 July 1938 by the Secretary of State for Air, during World War II, it was a base for Royal Air Force fighters. Percival Aircraft had its factory at the airport until the early 1960s, from the mid-1960s, executive aircraft have been based at the airport, initially operated by McAlpine Aviation. These activities have grown and several executive jet operators and maintenance companies are now based at the airport and it became the operating base for charter airlines such as Autair, Euravia, Dan-Air and Monarch. In 1972, Luton Airport was the most profitable airport in the country and it suffered a severe setback in August 1974 when major package holiday operator Clarksons and its in-house airline Court Line were liquidated. In the 1980s the airport was seeing a decline in customer numbers, the council responded to lobbying and focused again on developing the airport, first by operating the airport at arms length via an independent management team. As a result, necessary infrastructure work was undertaken, the original runways had been grass tracks 18/36 and 06/24, and then a concrete runway 08/26. By the end of the 80s, there was only one runway, the 18/36 grass runway had disappeared under a landfill, while 06/24 had effectively become a taxiway. To remain a viable airport it was necessary to update airfield services and this meant updating ILS, glidepath and localiser and removing the hump in the runway, even a six-foot person could not see one end of the runway from the other. During the course of work, the airport would re-open for flights during the day. While developing the infrastructure, various business partners were courted. The process envisaged a centre, an airport railway station. In 1990, the airport was renamed London Luton Airport to re-emphasise the airports proximity to the UK capital, in 1991, another setback occurred when Ryanair, which had flown from the airport to Ireland for a number of years, transferred its London operating base to Stansted. Later in the 90s, MyTravel Group began charter flights from the airport, using the Airtours brand and new low-cost scheduled flights from Debonair and EasyJet, the latter making Luton its base. AGI was a specialist airport management and development company owned by Lockheed Martin Corp. of USA. In 1999 AGI was sold to TBI plc and in 2001 Barclays also sold its shares in Luton to TBI plc, the main feature of the development phase in 1998 was a £40 million terminal made from aluminium and glass, based on an original design by Foster and Partners
London-Luton
London-Luton
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London Luton Airport
London-Luton
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Apron at London Luton Airport
London-Luton
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First Capital Connect train at Luton Airport Parkway
23.
Marseille Provence Airport
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The airports hinterland goes from Gap to Arles and from Toulon to Avignon. It is the fifth busiest French airport by traffic and third largest for cargo traffic. In 2012 the airport achieved the fourth highest European passenger traffic growth, marseille Provence Airport serves as a focus city for Air France. In summer 2013, the airport served 132 regular destinations, the largest offer in France after the Parisian airports, formerly known as Marseille–Marignane Airport, it has been managed since 1934 by the Marseille-Provence Chamber of Commerce and Industry. In the 1920s and 1930s, Marignane was one of Frances main points of operation for flying boats and it even briefly served as a terminal for Pan American World Airways Clipper flying boats. Other flying boat operators were Aéropostale and Air Union, the latter moving over from Antibes in 1931, Marignane was also a production site for hydroplanes by Lioré et Olivier. In September 2006, the airport opened its new terminal MP2 for budget airlines, in 2013 the airport expanded its shopping and dining options, with 30 new shops and restaurants, among which is the first Burger King shop in France since 1997. The Marignane airport is also the base of the aerial firefighting division of Civil security. The head office of Airbus Helicopters is located on the airport property, on 4 February 1948, SNCASE Languedoc P/7 F-BATK of Air France was damaged beyond economical repair. On 30 July 1950, SNCASE Languedoc P/7 F-BCUI of Air France was damaged beyond repair when its undercarriage collapsed on landing. On 6 February 1989 Inter Cargo Service Flight 3132, operated by Vickers Vanguard F-GEJE crashed on takeoff, three crew died, no passengers were being carried. Data current as of October 2006, current weather for LFML at NOAA/NWS Accident history for MRS, Marseille–Marignane Airport at Aviation Safety Network
Marseille Provence Airport
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Marseille Provence Airport Aéroport de Marseille Provence Advanced Landing Ground (ALG) Y-14
Marseille Provence Airport
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Terminal 2 and control tower
Marseille Provence Airport
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Check-in hall
24.
Malpensa Airport
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Milan–Malpensa Airport, formerly City of Busto Arsizio Airport, is the largest international airport for the Milan metropolitan area in northern Italy. It serves 15 million inhabitants in Lombardy, Piedmont and Liguria, the airport is located 49 kilometres northwest of central Milan, next to the Ticino river. The airport has two terminals and two runways as well as a cargo terminal. In 2016, Malpensa Airport handled 19,320,546 passengers and was the 29th busiest airport in Europe in terms of passengers, until 2008, Malpensa Airport was a major hub for flag carrier Alitalia. Malpensa Airport remains the second busiest Italian airport for passenger traffic. It handles over 500,000 tons of freight annually. The first industrial airport was opened in 1909 near the Cascina Malpensa and this airport was then opened for civil operation in 1948 during the war reconstruction period, in order to serve the northern area of Milan. The site of todays Malpensa Airport has seen aviation activities for more than 100 years, the first began on 27 May 1910, when the Caproni brothers flew their flying machine, the Cal biplane. In the years followed, many aircraft prototypes took off from the same site, eventually. Both Gianni Caproni and Giovanni Agusta established factories on the new site, during the 1920s and 1930s, the airfield hosted two squadrons of the Regia Aeronautica Italiana. In September 1943, Malpensa airfield was taken over by Nazi Germanys Luftwaffe when northern Italy was invaded by Adolf Hitler, soon after their arrival, the Germans laid the airfields first concrete runway. They aimed to making it an industrial fulcrum for post-war recovery of Italy, the main runway, heavily damaged by German troops as they retreated from northern Italy, was rebuilt and extended to 1,800 metres. A small wooden terminal was constructed to protect goods and passengers from all weather conditions, on 2 February 1950 Trans World Airlines became the first company to fly long-haul flights from Malpensa, using Lockheed Constellations on their services to New York Idlewild Airport. A change of ownership occurred in 1952 when the Municipality of Milan took control of the airports operator, the operators name was subsequently changed to Società Esercizi Aeroportuali SpA. Between 1958 and 1962 a new terminal arrived at Malpensa and the two parallel runways were extended to 3,915 m, becoming the longest in Europe at that time. This left Malpensa with just a handful of intercontinental links, charter flights, Malpensa suffered a decline in commercial traffic, with passenger numbers dropping from 525,000 in 1960 to just 331,000 by 1965. It was destined to play second fiddle to Linate Airport for another 20 years, by the mid-1980s Linate Airport was handling seven million passengers per year and, with only a short single runway and limited parking slots, had reached its saturation point. With no available land nearby for expansion, a solution was sought
Malpensa Airport
Malpensa Airport
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Milan–Malpensa Airport Aeroporto di Milano-Malpensa "Città di Milano"
Malpensa Airport
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EasyJet Airbus A319 landing at Malpensa with the Alps visible in the background
Malpensa Airport
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Malpensa Express at Milano Cadorna station
25.
Glasgow Airport
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Glasgow Airport, also unofficially Glasgow International Airport, formerly Abbotsinch Airport, is an international airport in Scotland, located 6 nautical miles west of Glasgow city centre. It is the airport serving the west of Scotland and is the principal transatlantic. The airport is owned and operated by AGS Airports which also owns and operates Aberdeen and it was previously owned and operated by Heathrow Airport Holdings. The airports largest tenants are British Airways and Loganair, the using it as a hub. Other major airlines using GLA as a base include Flybe, EasyJet, Jet2, Ryanair, Thomas Cook Airlines, Glasgow Airport was first opened in 1966 and originally flights only operated to other places in the United Kingdom and Europe. The RAF Station HQ, however, was not formed until 1 July 1936 when 6 Auxiliary Group, Bomber Command, from May 1939, until moving away in October 1939, the Squadron flew the Supermarine Spitfire. In 1940, a training unit was formed, which trained both RAF and Royal Navy crews. On 11 August 1943 Abbotsinch was handed over solely to the Royal Navy, all Her Majestys Ships and naval bases are given ship names and Abbotsinchs was known as HMS Sanderling since June 1940. During the 1950s, the airfield housed an aircraft storage unit. The Royal Navy left in October 1963, the name Sanderling was however retained as a link between the two, HMS Sanderlings ships bell was presented to the new airport and a bar in the airport was named The Sanderling Bar. In the 1960s, Glasgow Corporation decided that a new airport for the city was required, the original site of Glasgows main airport was 3 km east of Abbotsinch, in what is now the Dean Park area of Renfrew. The original Art Deco terminal building of Renfrew Airport has not survived, the site is now occupied by a Tesco supermarket and the M8 motorway, this straight and level section of motorway occupies the site of the runway. Abbotsinch took over from Renfrew airport on 2 May 1966, the UK Government had already committed millions into rebuilding Prestwick Airport fit for the jet age. The first commercial flight to arrive was a British European Airways flight from Edinburgh, the airport was officially opened on 27 June 1966 by Queen Elizabeth II. In 1975, the BAA took ownership of Glasgow Airport, when BAA was privatised in the late 1980s, as BAA plc, it consolidated its airport portfolio and sold Prestwick Airport. The restrictions on Glasgow Airport were lifted and the transatlantic operators immediately moved from Prestwick, BAA embarked on a massive redevelopment plan for Glasgow International Airport in 1989. Spences original concrete facade which once looked onto Caledonia Road now fronts the check-in desks, the original building can be seen more clearly from the rear, with the mock barrel vaulted roof visible when airside. By 1996, Glasgow was handling over 5.5 million passengers per annum, the airport serves a variety of destinations throughout Europe, North America and the Middle East
Glasgow Airport
Glasgow Airport
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The aftermath of the 2007 Glasgow International Airport attack
Glasgow Airport
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Apron view
Glasgow Airport
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Tail fins at the international pier
26.
Hamburg Airport
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Hamburg Airport, known in German as Flughafen Hamburg, is the international airport of Hamburg, the second-largest city in Germany. It is located 8.5 km north of the city center in the Fuhlsbüttel quarter and serves as a base for Germanwings, Condor, as of March 2017, it featured flights to more than 130 destinations of which three are long-haul routes to Dubai, Newark and Tehran. The airport is not to be confused with the nearby private Hamburg Finkenwerder Airport, the airport was opened in January 1911 from private funding by the Hamburger Luftschiffhallen GmbH, making it the oldest airport in the world which is still in operation. The original site comprised 45 hectares and was used for airship flights in its early days. In 1913, the site was expanded to 60 hectares, the part being used for airship operations. During the First World War, the hangar was used extensively by the military. During the British occupation, beginning in 1945, the airport was given its current name and it was used extensively during the Berlin Airlift in 1948 as a staging area, as the northern air corridor went between Hamburg and West Berlin. When Lufthansa launched passenger operations in 1955, Hamburg was used as a hub until Frankfurt Airport took over due to growth constraints posed by the location in the city. Lufthansa Technik still maintains a presence at the airport due to the early activities of the airline at the airport. In the 1960s discussions began with the aim of moving the airport to Heidmoor by Kaltenkirchen, reasons cited were limited expansion possibilities, capacity constraints due to crossing runways, and noise. Lufthansa had introduced the Boeing 707 in 1960, which made more noise than previous piston engined aircraft, the plans were dropped due to bad experiences in other cities with airports being moved far from city centres and Lufthansas move to Frankfurt. In the early 1990s, the airport began a modernization process. The plan, called HAM21, included a new 500 m pier extension, a new terminal, the airports shareholders are the City of Hamburg and AviAlliance. The Radisson Blu Hotel Hamburg Airport was added in 2009, combined with new roadside access, in January 2016, TUIfly announced to leave Hamburg Airport entirely due to the increasing competition from low-cost carriers. While the summer seasonal routes will not resume, all remaining destinations will be cancelled by March 2016, a few weeks later, it has been officially announced to christen the airport after Helmut Schmidt, a former Senator of Hamburg and chancellor of West Germany. Since 10 November 2016, the airport is named Hamburg Airport Helmut Schmidt, in October 2016, Air Berlin announced to close its maintenance facilities at the airport due to cost cutting and restructuring measures. Shortly after 12pm local time on 12 February 2017, an unknown and uncommon chemical, at least 50 people were seriously injured and were taken to hospital by ambulance. Firefighters completely evacuated the airport and passengers were forced to wait outside the airport in sub-zero temperatures, all flights have been cancelled and thousands of passengers have been stranded
Hamburg Airport
Hamburg Airport
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Main hall of Terminal 2
Hamburg Airport
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Facilities of Lufthansa Technik at Hamburg Airport with the Heinrich-Hertz-Turm in the far distance
Hamburg Airport
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View of the apron
27.
EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg
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It is located in France, on the administrative territory of the commune of Saint-Louis near the Swiss and German borders. The airport serves as a base for easyJet Switzerland and Belair, which operates on behalf of Air Berlin, plans for the construction of a joint Swiss–French airport started in the 1930s, but were halted by the Second World War. In 1946 talks resumed and it was agreed that an airport would be built 4 kilometres north of Blotzheim, France would provide the land and the Swiss canton of Basel-Stadt would cover the construction costs. Basel-Stadts Grand Council agreed to pay the costs for a provisional airport even before a treaty was signed. Construction began on 8 March 1946 and an airport with a 1. The first enlargement project was approved by referendum in Basel in 1960 and, over the following decades, the north–south runway was extended further to 3,900 metres in 1972. In 1984, a total of 1 million passengers was reached. In 1987, the trademark name EuroAirport Basel–Mulhouse–Freiburg was introduced, in 1992 a total of 2 million passengers used the airport. By 1998, this number rose up to 3 million, a decision was made to enlarge the terminals again with a new Y-finger dock. The first phase was completed in 2002 and the phase in 2005. Crossair was based at Basel and was its largest airline, in 2004 the low cost carrier EasyJet opened a base at Basel and the passenger totals rose again, reaching 4 million in 2006. From 2007 until 2009, Ryanair also flew to the airport for the first time, however, as result of a dispute over landing fees, the airline closed all eight routes. More recently Ryanair announced it would return in April 2014, with the resumption of Basel–Dublin route as well as the new route Basel – London–Stansted, since then, Ryanair has hinted at the possibility of adding new routes in the foreseeable future. In December 2014, Swiss International Air Lines announced it would cease all operations at Basel by 31 May 2015 due to competition from low-cost carriers. Swiss faced direct competition on five out of its six Basel routes, the Lufthansa Group announced it would set up Eurowings first base outside Germany at the EuroAirport as a replacement. However these plans were cancelled in favour of Vienna International Airport. In January 2017, it has announced that Air Berlin including its Swiss subsdiary Belair are cancelling Basel/Mulhouse from their schedules entirely as part of restructuring measures. EuroAirport is one of the few airports in the world operated jointly by two countries, in this case France and Switzerland and it is governed by a 1949 international convention
EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg
EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg
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EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg Aéroport de Bâle-Mulhouse Flughafen Basel-Mulhouse
EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg
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Main terminal building
EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg
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Swiss International Air Lines head office at EuroAirport
28.
Geneva Airport
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Geneva Airport, formerly and still unofficially known as Cointrin Airport, is the international airport of Geneva, the second most populous city in Switzerland. It is located 4 km northwest of the city centre and it reached 15 million passengers for the first time in December 2014 and serves as a hub for Swiss International Air Lines, easyJet Switzerland and Etihad Regional. Its northern limit runs along the Swiss–French border and the airport can be accessed from both countries, the freight operations are also accessible from both countries, making Geneva a European Union freight hub although Switzerland is not a member of the EU. The airport is partially in the commune of Meyrin and partially in the commune of Le Grand-Saconnex, Geneva airport was created in 1919 as a simple field in Cointrin, near the city of Geneva covering an area of 54 hectares. From 1926 to 1931, the sheds were replaced by three concrete ones. At the time, there was an amount of air traffic, with Lufthansa flying from Berlin to Barcelona via Halle, Leipzig, Geneva. Swissair also flew the Geneva–Lyon–Paris route in a codeshare with Air Union, in 1930 there were six airlines that flew to Geneva Airport, flying seven different routes. 1937 saw construction of the first concrete runway, it measured 405 by 21 metres, in 1938 eight airlines were flying to Geneva, Swissair, KLM, Lufthansa, Air France, Malert, AB Aerotransport, Alpar and Imperial Airways. A further 200 metres of runway was added near the end of the war as well as provision for expansion to a length of 2,500 metres. As part of the Federal Governments post-war planning for the nations airports, Cointrin was noted as being well suited for extension and did not require a triangular runway arrangement as the prevailing winds are very regularly along a single axis. In 1947 the first service to New York started with a Swissair Douglas DC-4, on July 17,1959, the first jet aircraft landed in Geneva, an SAS Caravelle, and it was followed,11 years later, by a TWA Boeing 747 which landed in 1970. To provide for jet traffic, in 1960 the runway was extended to its current length of 3,900 m and this is unusually long for an airport of this size, and could only be built after some territory was exchanged between France and Switzerland. The northeastern end of the 1946 runway had also been the frontier between Geneva and the neighbouring French commune of Ferney-Voltaire, in this way, Switzerland remained exactly the same size, and its neutrality remained unsullied. In the process, the old hamlet of La Limite disappeared, in 1968 the construction of a second runway and a mid-field round terminal were proposed, but ultimately the concept was never realised. On May 7,1968, Geneva Main Terminal was inaugurated and this number was reached in 1985. Despite there never being a regular Concorde service in Switzerland, the aircraft twice landed in Geneva. On August 31,1976, more than 5000 people came to see the Concorde land, in 1987, Geneva airport was linked to the Swiss rail system, with a new station built close to the main terminal. Since then, a number of changes have been made, two of the three in-field terminals have been upgraded with jet bridges, and a new terminal has been built in front of the main terminal with 12 jet bridges, plus two ground floor gates
Geneva Airport
Geneva Airport
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The main terminal building
Geneva Airport
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Apron overview
29.
Birmingham Airport
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It has a CAA Public Use Aerodrome Licence that allows flights for the public transport of passengers or for flying instruction. Passenger throughput in 2016 was over 11.6 million, making Birmingham the seventh busiest UK airport, the airport offers both domestic flights within the UK, and international flights to destinations in Europe, the Middle East, the Indian subcontinent, North America and the Caribbean. Birmingham Airport is a base for BMI Regional, Flybe, Jet2. com, Monarch, Ryanair, Thomas Cook Airlines. Birmingham Airport is 5.5 NM east-south-east of Birmingham city centre and it is connected by the elevated AirRail Link with Birmingham International railway station on the West Coast Main Line. The relatively short north-east – south-west runway is not operational, and has incorporated into the taxiway for aircraft departing the end of runway 33. In 1928, the Birmingham City Council decided that the city required a municipal airport, Plans were submitted in 1933, identifying Elmdon as the site for the airport, delayed by the Great Depression. On 8 July 1939 the Duchess of Kent, Princess Marina of Greece, the airport was owned and operated by Birmingham City Council. Initial services flew to Croydon, Glasgow, Liverpool, Ryde, Shoreham, Manchester and Southampton. During World War II the airport was requisitioned by the Air Ministry and was used by the RAF and the Royal Navy as RAF Elmdon, an Elementary Flying School and a base for the Fleet Air Arm. During this time, the grass strip was replaced by two hard runways, 06/24 at 2,469 feet and 15/33 at 4,170 feet. Avro Lancaster and Stirling bombers manufactured at the Austin Aero Companys shadow factory at Cofton Hackett could not take off from the runways at Longbridge. Instead they were transported by road, minus the wings that would be attached at Elmdon and they were test flown from the aerodrome, and once declared airworthy they were flown to their operational units. On 8 July 1948, the returned to civilian use. During the post-war years, public events, such as air fairs,1961, An additional terminal building to handle international traffic was opened, called The International Building. 1967, The main runway was extended to 7,400 feet to allow jet operations,1984, Opening of the Maglev rail link train between the airport terminal and nearby railway station. 1993, The Government limited public sector borrowing and this meant that the airport could only expand by using private sector finance. 51% of the local council shares were sold to restructure the airport into a private sector company,1995, Closure of the Maglev rail link after 11 years, following a string of breakdowns. 20 October 2003, The Concorde made her final visit to Birmingham Airport on as part of her farewell tour, November 2007, The airport published a master plan for its development up to 2030, called Towards 2030, Planning a Sustainable Future for Air Transport in the Midlands
Birmingham Airport
Birmingham Airport
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Where Birmingham Airport is now, as it was around 1921. (See for a modern map of Birmingam Airport and around.)
Birmingham Airport
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The Maglev rapid transport system, which operated from 1984 to 1995, was the first commercial maglev system in the world
Birmingham Airport
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The AirRail Link joins the railway station to the airport, operated by a track and pulley system
30.
Helvetic Airways
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Helvetic Airways is a Swiss airline headquartered in Kloten with its fleet stationed at Zürich Airport. Helvetic Airways was established in the autumn of 2003 as a rebranding, switzerlands first budget carrier began operating in November with a Fokker 100 flying to 3 destinations. By 2004, the fleet had grown to 7 aircraft, in December 2006, the carrier unveiled a new look for its aircraft. Since that time, all the Fokker 100s have livery in red-white-silver grey colours with the Swiss cross on the tailfin, in October 2010, the Swiss news media announced a new base in Bern Airport. The men drove two vehicles through a hole they had cut in the perimeter fence to Flight LX789. The men were able to execute the operation within five minutes with no injuries, in December 2014, Helvetic Airways began to take over seven Embraer 190s which were freed by Niki changing their fleet. Since March 2016 there is wetlease contract with Lufthansa for the route Zurich-Munich, as of March 2016, Helvetic Airways serves the following destinations on its own behalf. Not included are the routes served for Swiss International Air Lines as well as Lufthansa on a long-term wetlease contract, Helvetic Airways previously also operated McDonnell Douglas MD-83 aircraft. Media related to Helvetic Airways at Wikimedia Commons Official site Official site
Helvetic Airways
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Helvetic Airways Fokker 100 in former livery
Helvetic Airways
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Helvetic Airways Fokker 100 in current livery
Helvetic Airways
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Helvetic Airways Airbus A319-100
31.
Zurich Airport
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Zürich Airport, also known as Kloten Airport, is the largest international airport of Switzerland and the principal hub of Swiss International Air Lines. It serves Zürich, Switzerlands largest city, and, with its transport links. The airport is located 13 kilometres north of central Zürich, in the municipalities of Kloten, Rümlang, Oberglatt, Winkel and Opfikon, the first flight abroad from Switzerland was on July 21,1921. In the early years of aviation, the Dübendorf Air Base, located some 8 km to the south-east of Zürich Airport, the need for a dedicated commercial facility led to the search for a location at which to build a replacement airport. Construction of the airport began the following year, initial plans for the airport, as laid out in the Federal governments scheme of 1945, were centered on facilities capable of handling international airline traffic. Aircraft of up to 80 tons were envisaged, the primary runway was to be designed for use in all weathers and at night, with a 400-meter-wide hard surface running to 3000 meters in length. Additional 100-meter areas were to be provided on the shoulders for lateral protection in case of runway excursions, additional domestic runways, between 1000 and 1400 meters in length, were also to be built. The first flights from the west runway were not until 1948, the new terminal opened in 1953 with a large air show that ran for three days. In 1947 the airport handled 133,638 passengers on 12,766 airline flights, the first expansion of the airport was submitted in 1956, the budget for the expansion was approved by the Swiss Government in 1958, and the expansion was completed in 1961. On 18 February 1969 an El Al aircraft was attacked, whilst being prepared for takeoff, the attack was repulsed by the aircrafts security guard, resulting in the death of one of the terrorists, whilst the Boeing 720s co-pilot subsequently died of his injuries. On 18 January 1971 an inbound Balkan Bulgarian Airlines Il-18D approached Zürich Airport in fog below the glideslope and it crashed and burst into flames,0.7 kilometres north of the airport, when both left wingtip and landing gear contacted the ground. Seven crew members and 38 passengers were killed, the airport was again submitted and approved for renovation in 1970, and Terminal B was completed in 1971. The first signs of noise mitigation for the airport were in 1972, runway 14/32 was opened in 1976, and 16/34 began renovation. The noise of aircraft became an issue at Zürich Airport, a charge was instituted in 1980. The next large event for the airport was in 1999, when the Parliament of the Canton of Zürich approved privatization of Zürich Airport, the following year, Flughafen Zürich AG, trading under the brand Unique, was appointed as the new airport operator. The brand Unique was dropped in favour of Zürich Airport and Flughafen Zürich in 2010, on 2 October 2001 a major cash-flow crisis at Swissair, exacerbated by the global downturn in air travel caused by the September 11 attacks, caused the airline to ground all its flights. After Lufthansa took over Swiss International Air Lines in 2005, traffic began to grow again, on 18 October 2001 a treaty was signed between Germany and Switzerland regarding the limitation of flights over Germany. The flight had originally scheduled to land on runway 14 before 22,00
Zurich Airport
Zurich Airport
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Zürich Airport Flughafen Zürich
Zurich Airport
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A Swissair Douglas DC-8 at Zurich Airport in 1965
Zurich Airport
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Terminal A for domestic and Schengen destinations
32.
Rome-Fiumicino
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Leonardo da Vinci International Airport or simply Rome Fiumicino Airport, also known as just Fiumicino Airport, is an international airport in Rome and the major airport in Italy. It is one of the busiest airports in Europe by passenger traffic with 41.7 million passengers served in 2016 and it is located in Fiumicino,18.9 nautical miles west of Romes historic city centre. The airport serves as the hub for Alitalia, the largest Italian airline and Vueling. Based on total numbers, it is the eighth busiest airport in Europe and was the worlds 36th busiest airport in 2015. It covers an area of 29 square kilometres and is named after the most recognized polymath Leonardo da Vinci, who designed the first proto helicopter, despite being officially opened in 1961, Leonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport had actually been in use since 20 August 1960. This was to relieve air traffic that was congesting Rome Ciampino Airport during the 1960 Summer Olympics. During the 1960s, home-carrier Alitalia invested heavily in the new airport, building hangars and maintenance centres, Security Services transferred from the Polizia di Stato to Aeroporti di Roma S. p. A. in 2000. Aeroporti di Roma created ADR Security S. r. l. to provide services as well as security services to airlines. Airport Security is supervised by Polizia di Stato, Guardia di Finanza, Italian Civil Aviation Authority, ground handling services were provided by Aeroporti di Roma until 1999, when it created Aeroporti di Roma Handling. Alitalia provided passenger assistance even before 1999, in 2001, Alitalia created Alitalia Airport and started providing ground handling for itself and other airlines. In May 2006, Italys Civil Aviation Authority announced that it took off the limitation of 3 ramp handlers in Rome Leonardo da Vinci airport, ARE Group and Aviapartner announced that they would create a company called Aviapartner to serve Milan Malpensa and Rome Leonardo da Vinci. Since 2005 the airport operates a category III B instrument landing system, further improvement work was implemented in 2007 to enable the airport to handle 30 takeoffs/landings per hour, up from 10, in the event of thick fog. In 2010, the new baggage handling system for more efficient luggage delivery began operations. The terminals were upgraded during the 1990s and 2000s, in 1991, the domestic Pier A with 12 gates opened. In 1995, the international Pier B with 10 gates opened, in 1999, the international Satellite C with 14 gates and an elevated automated people mover, called SkyBridge, connected it with the main terminal. In 2000, the new domestic Terminal A opened, and the buildings, then consisting of Terminal A, Terminal AA, Terminal B. In 2004, the new Cargo City terminal opened, in 2008, Terminal 5 opened for check-in for American carriers and El Al. Passengers are then bused to what was then called Satellite C, the terminal serves 950,000 passengers per year
Rome-Fiumicino
Rome-Fiumicino
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Fiumicino – Leonardo da Vinci International Airport Fiumicino – Aeroporto Internazionale Leonardo da Vinci
Rome-Fiumicino
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An Alitalia Boeing 777-200ER taxiing at Fiumicino
Rome-Fiumicino
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A British Airways Airbus A321 taxiing at Fiumicino
33.
Iberia (airline)
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Iberia, legally incorporated as Iberia, Líneas Aéreas de España, S. A. Operadora, Sociedad Unipersonal, is the flag carrier airline of Spain founded in 1927. Based in Madrid, it operates a network of services from its main base of Madrid-Barajas Airport. Iberia, with Iberia Regional and with Iberia Express, is a part of Iberia Group, in addition to transporting passengers and freight, Iberia Group carries out related activities, such as aircraft maintenance, handling in airports, IT systems and in-flight catering. Iberia Group airlines fly to over 109 destinations in 39 countries, on 8 April 2010, it was confirmed that British Airways and Iberia had signed an agreement to merge, making the combined operation the third largest commercial airline in the world by revenue. Shareholders of both carriers approved the deal on 29 November 2010, the newly merged company, known as International Airlines Group, was established in January 2011, although both airlines will continue to operate under their current brands. Iberia, Compañía Aérea de Transportes was incorporated on 28 June 1927 with an investment by the financier Horacio Echevarrieta. Flight operations started on 14 December 1927, within a year, the company was sponsored by the Spanish government to provide postal transport between Madrid and Barcelona. During the dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera, the companies in Spain were combined and became state-controlled as a general interest public utility. As a consequence, Iberia was merged into Compañía de Líneas Aéreas Subvencionadas S. A. the name Iberia continued to be registered by Director-General Daniel de Araoz y Aréjula. As the name Iberia was still registered, it was used when operations began in nationalist-held territory towards the end of the Spanish Civil War, following the Civil War, Iberia became a purely domestic airline. At the end of the 1930s, the served the Seville–Larache–Cabo Juby–Las Palmas, Barcelona–Saragosa–Burgos–Salamanca–Seville–Tetuan. The airline was nationalised on 30 September 1944 and became part of Instituto Nacional de Industria, in 1946, Iberia was the first airline to fly between Europe and South America after World War II, using a Douglas DC-4 to operate flights between Madrid and Buenos Aires. By the Pact of Madrid in 1953, visa requirements were eliminated for US visitors to Spain and this stimulated the start of transatlantic flights between Spain and United States the following year. In addition, the made in Montreal to the Convention on International Civil Aviation on 14 June 1954 were liberal to Spain. The airline phased in the first of three Super Constellations in June 1954, the aircraft was named Santa María to commemorate Columbus first voyage. From 1961 Iberia had a fleet of Douglas DC-8 four-engined long range jet airliners, the busiest route was Madrid to Buenos Aires. By 1965 a joint board of Iberia and Aviaco was set up to coordinate policies so that services did not conflict, in the early 1970s the company bought Douglas DC-9s, Boeing 727s, Douglas DC-10s and Boeing 747s as it expanded routes to Central America. In June 1990, the carrier bought 16 Boeing 757s for US$1 billion, including spares and training, in June 1990 the company led a consortium to buy an 85% stake in Aerolíneas Argentinas for an agreed $2billion and the following year bought a 45% stake in Viasa for $145million
Iberia (airline)
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Airbus A330-300 of Iberia.
Iberia (airline)
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An Iberia Sud Aviation Caravelle seen in May 1973
Iberia (airline)
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Head office of Iberia in the MV49 Business Park in Madrid.
Iberia (airline)
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British Airways and Iberia merged in January 2011, forming the International Airlines Group, one of the world's largest airlines.
34.
Lufthansa
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It operates services to 18 domestic destinations and 197 international destinations in 78 countries across Africa, the Americas, Asia, and Europe, using a fleet of more than 270 aircraft. Lufthansa is one of the five founding members of Star Alliance, the name of the company is derived from Luft, and Hansa. Combined with its subsidiaries, the group has 656 aircraft, as of February 2016, in 2014, the group carried over 106 million passengers. Lufthansas registered office and corporate headquarters are in Cologne, the main operations base, called Lufthansa Aviation Center, is at Lufthansas primary hub at Frankfurt Airport. The majority of Lufthansas pilots, ground staff, and flight attendants are based there, Lufthansas secondary hub is Munich Airport. Lufthansa was a state-owned enterprise until 1994, in 2014, 60% of Lufthansas shares were held by institutional investors. The remaining 40% were held by individual stock owners, since 1970, Lufthansa has involved its employees in profit sharing, giving them the opportunity to choose between cash and preference shares. When Lufthansa was privatised, employees received more than 3% of its shares, Lufthansa traces its history to 1926 when Deutsche Luft Hansa A. G. was formed in Berlin. DLH, as it was known, was Germanys flag carrier until 1945 when all services were suspended following the defeat of Nazi Germany, West Germany had not yet been granted sovereignty over its airspace, so it was not known when the new airline could become operational. Nevertheless, in 1953 Luftag placed orders for four Convair CV-340s and four Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellations and set up a maintenance base at Hamburg Airport. On 6 August 1954, Luftag acquired the name and logo of the liquidated Deutsche Lufthansa for DM30,000, on 1 April 1955 Lufthansa won approval to start scheduled domestic flights, linking Hamburg, Düsseldorf, Frankfurt, Cologne, and Munich. In August 1958 fifteen Lufthansa 1049Gs and 1649s left Germany each week to Canada, the special status of Berlin meant that Lufthansa was not allowed to fly to either part of Berlin until 1989. Originally thought to be only a matter, the Division of Germany turned out to be long. East Germany tried to establish its own airline in 1955 using the Lufthansa name, but this resulted in a dispute with West Germany. East Germany instead established Interflug as its national airline in 1963, in 1958 Lufthansa ordered four Boeing 707s and started jet flights from Frankfurt to New York City in March 1960. Boeing 720Bs were later bought to back up the 707 fleet, in February 1961 Far East routes were extended beyond Bangkok, Thailand, to Hong Kong and Tokyo. Lagos, Nigeria and Johannesburg, South Africa were added in 1962, Lufthansa introduced the Boeing 727 in 1964 and that May began the Polar route from Frankfurt to Tokyo via Anchorage. In February 1965 the company ordered twenty-one Boeing 737s that went into service in 1968, Lufthansa was the first customer for the Boeing 737 and was one of four buyers of the 737-100s
Lufthansa
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Lufthansa's first aircraft, a Convair 340 (type pictured), was delivered in August 1954
Lufthansa
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Lufthansa Lockheed L-1049G Super Constellation operating a transatlantic schedule from Hamburg to Montreal and Chicago in May 1956.
Lufthansa
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In 1960 Lufthansa joined the jet age with the Boeing 707. The image shows a 707 at Hamburg Airport in 1984, shortly before the type was retired.
Lufthansa
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A Lufthansa Boeing 727–100 approaching London Heathrow Airport in 1978.
35.
Mohammed V International Airport
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Mohammed V International Airport is an international airport serving Casablanca, Morocco. Located in Nouaceur Province, it is operated by ONDA, with just under 8 million passengers passing through the airport in 2014, it was the busiest airport in Morocco and the fourth busiest in Africa. In August 2014, ONDA reported an increase of 7. 28% passenger traffic. The airport serves as hub for Moroccos flag carrier Royal Air Maroc, Jetairfly, Air Arabia Maroc and it is named after King Mohammed V of Morocco. The Casablanca Mohammed V Airport was originally built by the United States in early 1943 during World War II as an airfield for Casablancas Anfa Airport and was named Berrechid Airfield. The airfield handled diverse military traffic as an en route to Port Lyautey Airfield. In addition, it was the terminus of Mid-Atlantic route transatlantic flights via the Azores to Nova Scotia, part of the 68th first arrived at Angads Airport in Oujda in November 1942 and moved to Berrechid in March 1943 upon its completion. It flew both antisubmarine missions over the Atlantic and photo-reconnaissance combat missions over German-held territory until early September when it moved east to Massicault Airfield in Tunisia, with the end of the war in 1945, the airfield was handed over to the civil government. These operations later moved to Ben Guerir Air Base, the United States agreed to leave in December 1959, and was fully out of Morocco by 1963. The U. S. felt that, with the range of the B-52 and completion of Spanish bases in 1959. Even today, most locals refer to the airport simply as Nouaceur. Mohammed V is one of the six airports in Morocco where ONDA offers its special VIP service Salon Convives de Marque, a train service is available every hour from Casablanca Port station to the Casablanca airport. Many private shuttle companies and taxi serve Casablanca airport, on 24 August 1994, a Royal Air Maroc ATR-42 crashed near Tizounine while en route from Agadir to Casablanca Mohammed V airport. The plane crashed with a dive in the Atlas mountains. All 40 passengers and 4 crew died in this accident and it is said that the captain disconnected the autopilot and let the plane crash deliberately. The Moroccan Pilots Union challenged these findings, on 1 April 1970, a Royal Air Maroc Sud Aviation SE-210 Caravelle crashed on approach to Casablanca Mohammed V airport when it lost control at a height of about 500 feet. Sixty one of the 82 passengers and crew were killed
Mohammed V International Airport
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Mohammed V International Airport Aéroport international Mohammed V مطار محمد الخامس الدولي
Mohammed V International Airport
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Transatlantic routes from Casablanca, September 1945
36.
Orio al Serio Airport
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The airport is 45 km north-east of Milan, which it serves together with Malpensa Airport and Linate Airport, the citys two primary airports. The airport served 11,159,631 passengers in 2016 and is the third busiest in Italy, despite being called Milan/Bergamo Airport or similar by some low-cost airlines, neither Milan nor Bergamo are part of the airports official naming. The airport is managed by SACBO, a partially owned by SEA – Aeroporti di Milano. SEA, the company runs the latter two airports, also holds a 31% stake in SACBO. It is named Il Caravaggio after the Baroque painter Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio, ground handling services are provided by SACBO and Airport Global Services. Security services were provided by SACBO with the supervision of the Polizia di Frontiera, Guardia di Finanza. Due to labour disputes and costs the security services have been outsourced to a security firm. No one was injured, but some cars were destroyed and the plane sustained substantial damages, the plane was removed from the street in the same day. The air traffic remained unvaried without delays, the A4 is one of the main road networks that links the Airport and you will have to pay a toll to enter the Airport from this road. Please note that the signs for the Airport use the name Milano Bergamo Airport. There are several public transportation links to and from downtown Milan, there are further connections to/from Bergamo city center, Arezzo, Bologna, Brescia, Monza, Turin, Malpensa Airport, and Milan Trade Exhibition Center, Parma, Torino, Verona. The nearest railway station is Bergamo railway station which is 3.5 miles away, there is no official shuttle between the airport and the railway station. A bus service operated by ATB can take you to the Airport in about 10mins from the train station
Orio al Serio Airport
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Il Caravaggio International Airport Milan Bergamo Aeroporto di Bergamo-Orio al Serio
37.
Brussels-Charleroi
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Brussels South Charleroi Airport, also called Charleroi Airport or Gosselies Airport, is an international airport, located in Gosselies, a part of the city of Charleroi. The airport is 4 nautical miles north of Charleroi and 46 km south of central Brussels, the Aéropole, one of the Science Parks of Wallonia, is located near the airport. The first aeronautical activities in Gosselies date back to 1919 as a flying school, the British aircraft manufacturer Fairey Aviation settled a subsidiary Avions Fairey on the site in 1931. During World War II, the site was arranged as an Advanced Landing Ground for the air forces. Gosselies airfield became a public aerodrome after World War II, in the 1970s, the Belgian national airline Sabena launched a Liège–Charleroi–London service, but this was soon dropped because of poor results. Although criticised for the subsidies paid by the Walloon government to help its installation, other low-cost carriers later joined Ryanair in Brussels South Charleroi, such as Wizz Air. The Polish airline Air Polonia operated services from here to Warsaw, a new terminal opened in January 2008. It has a capacity of up to 5 million passengers a year, however, in March 2012, the Commission reopened the case in order to take this judgement into account. The following airlines operate scheduled and charter flights at Brussels South Charleroi Airport. There are also several shuttles between different cities in the neighbouring countries plus a regular service that runs from the airport to Brussels-South railway station. Also, a bus operates from the airport to Charleroi-South railway station. A combined bus and train ticket to any other Belgian railway station can be bought in the terminal, the airport is accessible by the highway from Brussels, Liège or Lille. On 8 April 2011, a Dutch F-16 had to make a landing because of a technical failure of one of its sets of landing gear. The plane landed on its belly, the pilot did not suffer any injuries. On 9 February 2013, a small Cessna plane crashed near the runway after suffering technical problems during take-off, the airport was closed for about six hours before resuming services. Brussels Airport Transportation in Belgium This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website http, media related to Brussels South Charleroi Airport at Wikimedia Commons Official website
Brussels-Charleroi
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Brussels South Charleroi Airport Aéroport de Charleroi Bruxelles Sud
Brussels-Charleroi
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Inside the terminal
Brussels-Charleroi
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Apron traffic at Brussels-South Charleroi
38.
Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport
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Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport is an international airport serving the city of Bologna in Italy. It is approximately 6 km northwest of the center in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. The airport is named after Bologna native Guglielmo Marconi, an Italian electrical engineer, with 7,680,992 passengers handled in 2016, it is now the 7th busiest in Italy. For the period 2011–2013, the Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport planned the restyling, the passenger terminal covers a total surface 36,100 m2, of which 5,500 m2 are shopping areas. It features 10 security checkpoints and 24 departure gates, Bologna airport grew in size, from the previous total surface of 3,100 m2 to the current total surface of 3,600 m2. The number of gates increased from 20 to 24, even the security checkpoints increased from 7 to 10 and 25 additional toilet facilities have been opened throughout the airport. Greater emphasis has been placed on activities, and in particular, in airside, after security checks. Moreover, a new handling system has been installed in the new single check-in area on the ground floor. Now there are 5 piers with 2 air bridges for the transfer of passengers from the terminal to the aircraft. The restyling has been completed in the fall of 2013, Bologna airport has one runway made of bituminous conglomerate material, with 7. 5-meter-wide side bands on both sides. Motorway, A1, Exit Bologna Borgo Panigale, take the by-pass, a13, Exit Bologna Arcoveggio, take the by-pass. A14, Exit Bologna San Lazzaro, take the by-pass, the airport has 5,100 parking spaces, with different rates for short, or long stay. The Airport is about 6 kilometres from Bologna Centrale railway station, when you arrive at the station, you can reach the Airport by Aerobus – BLQ shuttle service, or by Taxi. Once completed, the Marconi Express monorail will connect the airport to Bologna Centrale railway station in 7 minutes, the airport has daily direct bus connection with Ferrara, Florence, Modena, Cervia and Ravenna, and three-times a week with Ascoli Piceno. List of airports in Italy Media related to Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport at Wikimedia Commons Official website Accident history for BLQ at Aviation Safety Network
Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport
Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport
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Bologna Airport apron
39.
Cork Airport
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Cork Airport is one of the three principal international airports in the Republic of Ireland, along with Dublin and Shannon. It is located 6.5 km south of Cork city in a known as Farmers Cross. In 2016, Cork Airport handled over 2.2 million passengers, Cork is the states second busiest airport in terms of passenger numbers, after Dublin, and fourth busiest on the island of Ireland, after Dublin, Belfast International and Belfast City. In 1957 the Government of Ireland agreed in principle to the building of an airport for Cork, after considering many sites in the area, it was agreed that the airport should be built at Ballygarvan. Tenders were invited for the construction of the airport in 1959 at an estimated cost of £1 million, the airport was officially opened on 16 October 1961, following proving flights four days earlier by Aer Lingus and Cambrian Airways. Vincent Fanning was the first manager at the airport, in its first year the airport handled 10,172 passengers – close to the average number of passengers handled each day at the airport in 2007. Throughout the 1960s the airport expanded with the arrival of more advanced aircraft, the first jet, a British Overseas Airways Corporation Comet, landed at Cork Airport on 29 March 1964. By 1969 Aer Lingus was operating to London Heathrow, Manchester, in 1975 Aer Rianta, the then state airports authority, undertook a passenger terminal study aimed at improving the terminal facilities. The findings resulted in the provision, over the two years, of new departure and arrival halls, a new check-in area, office complex, information desk, duty office. The new extensions and facilities were opened in 1978, the 1980s began with an extension of the main apron. New services to London Gatwick began, while Aer Lingus commuter division started a new service to Dublin Airport. In 1985 following significant growth, Aer Rianta carried out a survey of the facilities with a view to carrying out a major expansion. On 8 June 1987, Ryanair commenced services at Cork Airport, the following year, Phase I of the Terminal Expansion and Development Plan was completed. The following year the main extension of 1,000 ft was opened. The 1990s began with the completion of Phase II of the expansion in 1991. Also towards the end of 2001, new Irish regional airline Aer Arann opened its base at Cork opening new routes to/from the airport. Airbridges were an element of the original terminal design. In the given circumstances, the DAA had no choice but to remove the airbridges from the design during construction of the new facility
Cork Airport
Cork Airport
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Overlooking the check-in area from level 2
Cork Airport
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View of the check-in area at ground level (level 1)
Cork Airport
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Airport at night
40.
TAP Portugal
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TAP Portugal is the flag carrier airline of Portugal, headquartered at Lisbon Airport which also serves as its hub. TAP is a member of the Star Alliance and operates on average 2,500 flights a week to 76 destinations in 29 countries worldwide. The company has a fleet of 80 airplanes,63 of which manufactured by Airbus, the Atlantic Gateway Consortium purchased 61% of the carrier from the government of Portugal on 24 June 2015, with an option to buy the Portuguese governments remaining 34 percent stake in 2018. This deal has been surrounded in controversy because it was completed at the end of the governments mandate with wide opposition from TAP employees. Since the October 2015 elections a new government has sought to return majority control to the state. In February 2016 the government signed a deal with the private consortium, currently the company is owned 50% by the Portuguese state, 45% by the Atlantic Gateway Consortium and 5% available shareholder to collaborators and employees of TAP. TAP Portugal is rated as three-star by Skytrax, the airline, founded on 14 March 1945 as Transportes Aéreos Portugueses, SGPS, S. A. began commercial services on 19 September 1946, from Lisbon to Madrid with a Douglas DC-3. On 31 December, TAP began its Linha Aérea Imperial, a colonial service including Luanda, Angola and Lourenço Marques. In 1947, domestic services commenced from Lisbon to Porto as well as from São Tomé to London, four Douglas DC-4 Skymasters were purchased in 1947, remaining in service until 1960. These were used on the routes to Africa and to major European destinations including London, TAP began service to Tangier and Casablanca in 1949. In 1953, the became a private company. Lockheed Super Constellation four-engined pressurised airliners were acquired in late 1955 and were introduced on the TAP African scheduled services to Luanda. Three Sud Aviation Caravelle twin-jet airliners were acquired in July 1962 and were operated on the airlines most competitive European routes, the one-millionth passenger flew on TAP on 19 June 1964,18 years after the airline began operations. In 1969, service to New York City via Santa Maria Island began, Boston was added to the New York service in 1970. In 1975, TAP was nationalised, becoming a state-owned corporation, TAP dropped its original name, Transportes Aéreos Portugueses, in 1979 when the company officially changed its name to TAP Air Portugal. TAP purchased 4 Boeing 747s in 1970, beyond some more Boeing 707s, after the independence of Angola and Mozambique, the important market for Africa decreased extremely and two 747 were sold in 1976. Since the 1980s the 707s and the 747s were replaced by Lockheed L-1011 TriStars, in 1985 TAP established its charter subsidiary Air Atlantis which operated Boeing 707, Boeing 727 and Boeing 737 jets. By the late 1990s, TAP had expanded its fleet by selling its older Boeing 727s and Boeing 737s, the TriStars were sold to Air Luxor and were replaced by Airbus A340s, giving TAP an Airbus-only fleet
TAP Portugal
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Douglas DC-4 of TAP arriving at London Heathrow Airport from Lisbon in 1954
TAP Portugal
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Sud Aviation Caravelle VIR of TAP at London Heathrow Airport in 1966
TAP Portugal
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Rossio Square, Lisbon, in June 1968, showing a TAP commercial in the background at night
TAP Portugal
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Boeing 747-200 at Faro Airport in 1985
41.
Tunisair
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Société Tunisienne de lAir, or Tunisair is the flag carrier airline of Tunisia. Formed in 1948, it operates scheduled services to European, African. Its main base is Tunis-Carthage International Airport, the airlines head office is in Tunis, near Tunis Airport. Tunisair is a member of the Arab Air Carriers Organization, the carrier was formed by the government of Tunisia as Société Tunisienne de lAir in late 1948. The initial investment was FRF60 million, with shareholding split between the government, Air France and another interests, Air France transferred some of its DC-3s and routes to the new airline for it to start operations, these commenced on 1 April 1949. The first managing director of the company was Rene Lefevre, the route network was expanded along the coast during the early 1950s. In 1951, Casablanca, Ghudamis and Tripoli were incorporated as destinations, in May that year, a Tunis–Tripoli–Sabhah service was launched, it was routed via Sfax and Djerba in September. The Ghudamis route was terminated in 1952, and the Casablanca run was taken over by Air France the same year, in 1953, the service to Marseilles was extended to Paris. In 1954, a Douglas DC-4 was leased from Air France, at March 1955, the fleet comprised three Douglas DC-3s, one Douglas DC-4 and a SNCASE Languedoc. During 1955, the carrier transported 92,344 passengers, at year end, the number of employees was 140. The airline had a revenue of £620,000 for 1955, in 1957 the Tunisian government became the largest shareholder and the stake held by Air France was reduced to 15%. The carrier took delivery of its first jet-powered aircraft, a Sud Caravelle III, a new service to Frankfurt was inaugurated in October but it was terminated in March the following year due to poor economical performance. A second Caravelle was ordered in 1963 and entered service in March 1964, in cooperation with Lufthansa, flights to Frankfurt were restarted in April 1966 using Caravelle equipment. The Nord 262 was first put into service in 1969, the introduction of this aircraft into the fleet along with the airline already having two Caravelles in operation allowed the carrier to phase out a DC-3 and two DC-4s. The number of employees had grown to 888 by March 1970, Tunis Air took delivery of its first Boeing aircraft, a Boeing 727-200, on 12 March 1972, it was put on service on the Tunis–Paris run. On 1 April 1972, a Boeing 707 that was leased from Sabena inaugurated the Tunis–London link, the same day, new services to Luxembourg and Jeddah were launched. Late in the year, a second Boeing 727s was ordered for delivery in July 1973, in 1973, a third Boeing 727 was ordered for handover in December that year. A fourth and fifth 727 were ordered in 1974 and 1975, the gradual incorporation of the Boeing 727s permitted Tunisair to replace the Caravelles and to retire the remaining DC-3s
Tunisair
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Tunis Air Douglas DC-4 at Paris (Orly) Airport in 1957
Tunisair
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Tunisair Airbus A300-600 at Paris-Orly
42.
Turkish Airlines
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Turkish Airlines is the national flag carrier airline of Turkey, headquartered at the Turkish Airlines General Management Building on the grounds of Atatürk Airport in Yeşilköy, Bakırköy, Istanbul. As of July 2015, it operates scheduled services to 290 destinations in Europe, Asia, Africa, and it serves more destinations non-stop from a single airport than any other airline in Europe. Turkish Airlines flies to 119 countries, more than any other airline, with an operational fleet of ten cargo aircraft, the airlines cargo division serves 52 destinations. Istanbul Atatürk Airport is its base, and there are secondary hubs at Esenboğa International Airport, Sabiha Gökçen International Airport. Turkish Airlines has been a member of the Star Alliance network since 1 April 2008, Turkish Airlines was established on 20 May 1933 as State Airlines Administration as a department of the Ministry of National Defence. The initial fleet consisted of two five-seat Curtiss Kingbirds, two four-seat Junkers F. 13s and one ten-seat Tupolev ANT-9, in 1935, the airline was turned over to the Ministry of Public Works and was subsequently renamed General Directorate of State Airlines. Three years later, in 1938, it part of the Ministry of Transportation. Several Douglas DC-3s and Douglas C-47s were phased in during 1945, nicosia, Beirut and Cairo were soon added to the airlines international flight destinations. However, domestic services remained the Turkish carriers main focus until the early 1960s, in 1956, the Turkish government reorganized the airline under the name Türk Hava Yollari A. O. It was capitalized at TRL60 million, the airline joined the International Air Transport Association shortly thereafter. In 1957, British Overseas Airways Corporation began supplying technical support after acquiring a 6.5 percent shareholding, New aircraft including Vickers Viscounts, Fokker F27s and Douglas DC-3s were added to the fleet in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Turkish Airlines began operating their first jet, a McDonnell Douglas DC-9 and this was followed by the addition of three Boeing 707 jets in 1971. Other aircraft operated in the early 1970s included the McDonnell Douglas DC-10, the airline was plagued by several difficult issues. It developed a reputation for customer service and delays. It also endured hijackings and suffered seven accidents between 1974 and 1983, the most notorious was the 1974 crash of Turkish Airlines Flight 981 when a faulty cargo door broke off in flight near Ermenonville, France, resulting in the deaths of 346 people. A new government came to power in 1983 which recognized THYs importance as Turkeys ambassador to the world and it would maintain one of the youngest fleets in the world. Security was intensified, causing one shipper to compare it to Israels El Al, THY built a new, state-of-the-art technical center at Yeşilköy Airport in 1984. The airline was capable of light and heavy maintenance on a number of different aircraft types
Turkish Airlines
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THY Fokker F.27 Friendship landing at Athens (Hellenikon) Airport in 1973
Turkish Airlines
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THY Douglas DC-10 in 1974 wearing the airline's initial colour scheme
Turkish Airlines
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A Boeing 707 operated by Turkish Airlines at Heathrow Airport in 1984.
Turkish Airlines
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Turkish Airlines Boeing 737 in Zurich Airport in 1995.
43.
Prague Ruzyne Airport
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Václav Havel Airport Prague, formerly Prague Ruzyně International Airport, is the international airport of Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic. It is located 10 km west of Prague Castle and is, with over 13 million passengers in 2016, the busiest airport in the newer EU member states. It serves as a hub for Czech Airlines as well as a base for Travel Service including its subsidiary brand SmartWings, the airport is able to handle wide-body aircraft including the Airbus A380. Prague–Ruzyně Airport began operations on 5 April 1937, but Czechoslovak civil aviation history started at the airport in Prague–Kbely in 1919. The Prague Aviation Museum is now found at Kbely Airport, due to insufficient capacity of the Kbely airport in the middle of the 1930s, the Government decided to develop a new State Civil Airport in Ruzyně. Moreover, the Ruzyně fields provide opportunities for expansion of the airport according to the increasing capacity demand. The airport serves as a hub of the airport network. The political and economic changes affected the seventy years of existence of Prague–Ruzyně Airport, some new air transportation companies and institutions were founded and some ceased operation since then. Ten entities have been responsible for administration over time, including the new construction. Until the 1990s, there were two or three-decade gaps before the major modernisation of Prague–Ruzyně Airport began to match the current capacity requirements, the airport stood in for Miami International Airport in the 2006 James Bond film Casino Royale. This name change took place on 5 October 2012 on what would have been Havels 76th birthday, however, the PRG name of the airport for IATA and ICAO will remain the same. As the capacity of the airport has been reaching its limit for the last couple of years, besides regular repairs of the existing runways, Prague Airport began the preparations for building a new runway, parallel to the 06/24 runway. The construction with estimated costs of CZK 5–7 billion was scheduled to begin in 2007, however, because of many legal problems and the protests of people who live close to the airport premises, the construction has not yet begun. Despite these problems, the project has support from the government and it will be over 3,500 m long. Located about 1,500 m southeast of the present main runway, Prague Airport states that besides increasing the airport capacity, the new runway system will greatly reduce the noise level in some densely inhabited areas of Prague. This should be achieved by reorganising the air space around the airport. The vision of heavy traffic raised many protests from the communities directly surrounding the airport. The construction of a connection between the airport and Prague city centre is also in the planning stage
Prague Ruzyne Airport
Prague Ruzyne Airport
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Václav Havel Airport Prague Letiště Václava Havla Praha
Prague Ruzyne Airport
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Old control tower built in 1937 (rear view) – now part of Terminal 4
Prague Ruzyne Airport
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Old control tower (front view) during the visit of Dwight D. Eisenhower to Prague on 12 October 1945
44.
Tenerife South Airport
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It is located in the municipality of Granadilla de Abona and handled over 9 million passengers in 2014. The new airport was inaugurated on 6 November 1978, by Queen Sofía of Spain, the first flight was Iberia flight IB187 from Lanzarote, which was operated by a McDonnell Douglas DC-9 landing at 10,17. By the end of its first year,1 million passengers had passed through its doors, the airport was under construction when the Tenerife airport disaster occurred at Tenerife North Airport on 27 March 1977. Tenerife South consists of one passenger terminal in a classic brick style. The main level, Floor 0, contains all check-in and service counters, the departures area features 34 boarding gates of which eight are equipped with jetbridges. While the upper floor 1 contains office space and transit corridors, destinations by airline served from Tenerife South Airport, The public bus service TITSA offers services to all parts of the island, Line 343 connects the South Airport with Tenerife North Airport. Media related to Tenerife South Airport at Wikimedia Commons Official Website
Tenerife South Airport
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Tenerife–South Airport Aeropuerto de Tenerife Sur Tenerife Sur/Reina Sofía Airport - GCTS
Tenerife South Airport
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Air Greenland Boeing 757-200 at Tenerife South Airport
Tenerife South Airport
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British Airways Airbus A320-200 at Tenerife South Airport
45.
Corfu International Airport
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Air traffic peaks during the summer season, between April and October. The airport was founded in 1937, during Second World War it was used by German and Italian forces as a base for transport and fighter aircraft. During the war the runway length was 600m, by the end of April 1949 the length had reached 800m. The next and last extension of the began in 1957 and was completed in 1959, with a length of 2. The first commercial flight took place on 19 April 1949 from Athens operated by TAE Greek National Airlines, on 2 September 1950 HELLAS also started flights to Corfu. In 1962 a small terminal was built, which today accommodates the Corfu Aeroclub. In April 1965 the airport became International and the first flight was operated by Olympic Airlines, the construction of the new passenger terminal began in 1968 and was completed in 1972. We signed the deal today, the head of Greeces privatisation agency HRADF, Stergios Pitsiorlas, there is a taxi rank outside the terminal and a bus stop connecting the airport with Corfu Town. Kapodistrias Airport information for LGKR at World Aero Data, Data current as of October 2006
Corfu International Airport
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Corfu International Airport "Ioannis Kapodistrias" Κρατικός Αερολιμένας Κέρκυρας "Ιωάννης Καποδίστριας"
Corfu International Airport
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Travel Service Airlines Boeing 737-800 at Corfu International Airport
46.
Faro Airport
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Faro Airport, also known as Algarve Airport, is located 4 km to the west of Faro in Portugal. The airport opened in July 1965, a total of 6.4 million passengers used Faro airport in 2015. The airport became a hub for the first time in March 2010, the airport gets very busy during the summer months, namely from March to October, to the extent that the airport becomes a slot coordinated airport. Faro Airport is capable of handling six million passengers a year, there are 22 stands of which 16 are remote, with 60 check-in desks and 36 boarding gates. Since its opening in 1966 Faro airport has had two major developments, the new terminal building in 1989 and its enlargement in 2001. The airport is close to the A22 highway, with connections throughout the Algarve and direct to Lisbon, Faro airport has 3 different car parking areas. The closet parking area is called “Parking P0 / P1 – Classic”, while parking area P2 and parking area P3 are used for longer term car storage. Kiss and Fly is the name for a form of fast parking at the airport and you can drive to the airport to pick up or drop someone off free of charge for up to ten minutes. To drop off passengers, you can stop at the curbside and to pick up passengers. Airport bus routes 14 and 16 run each day between Faro Airport and Faro city centre bus station, from the bus station you can get connections to most other Portugal cities as well as to many Spanish destinations. The airport bus route is run by a company called Proximo. The nearest railway station is Faro station which is about 15 kilometres away, there is no official shuttle between the airport and the railway station, however a taxi journey is estimated to take about 10 mins to complete. Public taxis are available from the airport and operate 24/7, there are several taxi ranks which you can use to hire a taxi from or you can use a free phone inside the airport to call a taxi. The majority of taxis at the airport will only carry four passengers if you require a bigger taxi it is best to use to the phone inside. There are quite a few car rental companies that can provide car service from the Airport. These companies are located at Parking P4 - Car Hire you can also arrange for car hire from within the airport. On 21 December 1992, Martinair Flight 495 sustained a hard landing in bad weather at Faro Airport killing 54 passengers, on 29 December 2009, the terminal building flooded due to severe weather and leaks in the roof. This caused many problems inside the terminal, no flights were cancelled although some passengers were unable to check in due to the flooding, on 24 October 2011, an overnight storm had collapsed portions of terminal roofs and blown out most windows in the control tower
Faro Airport
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Faro Airport Aeroporto Internacional de Faro
Faro Airport
Faro Airport
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Check-in area
Faro Airport
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The forecourt of the arrivals hall
47.
Fuerteventura Airport
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Fuerteventura Airport, also known as El Matorral Airport, is an airport serving the Spanish island of Fuerteventura. It is situated in El Matorral site,5 km southwest of the capital city Puerto del Rosario, the airport was opened officially on 14 September 1969. The first plane to touch down on the new runway was an Iberia Fokker F27, in 1973, El Matorral Airport began to operate its first flights to European countries with the airline Condor, which linked the German city of Düsseldorf directly with Puerto del Rosario. In 1992, the airport received more than 1,600,000 passengers, in 1994, construction started on a new terminal building, an aircraft apron, a taxiway parallel to the runway, a power plant and a new access road. The works were completed with the extension of the car park, with the new facilities it was possible to attend around five million passengers a year and manage around 3,100 passengers per hour during rush-hour periods. Media related to Fuerteventura Airport at Wikimedia Commons Official website
Fuerteventura Airport
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Fuerteventura Airport Aeropuerto de Fuerteventura
Fuerteventura Airport
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Edelweiss Air Airbus A320 taxiing at Fuerteventura Airport
Fuerteventura Airport
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Iberia Airbus A320 landing at Fuerteventura Airport
48.
Gran Canaria International Airport
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Gran Canaria Airport, is a passenger and freight airport on the island of Gran Canaria. It is an important airport within the Spanish air-transport network, as it holds the position in terms of passengers. It is also ranks first of the Canary Islands in all three categories, although the island of Tenerife has higher passenger numbers due to the two airports located on the island. The airport is located in the part of Gran Canaria on the Bay of Gando,19 km south of center of the city of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. In 2014 it handled over 10.3 million passengers, ranking as the 5th Spanish airport by passenger transit, Gran Canaria Airport remains as a relevant connecting airport for passengers travelling to West Africa, and to the Atlantic Isles of Madeira and the Azores. It is the base for Binter Canarias, NAYSA, Canaryfly, Ryanair, Norwegian Air Shuttle. Other airlines operate a base for connecting flights to Cape Verde and Gambia. In 1919, Frenchman Pierre George Latécoère was granted clearance from the French & Spanish governments to establish a route between Toulouse & Casablanca. This also included stopovers in Málaga, Alicante and Barcelona, the airport opened on 7 April 1930, after King Alfonso XIII signed a royal order announcing that the military air force installations on the Bay of Gando would become a civilian airfield. In its existence, the airport has become the largest gateway into the Canary Islands, as well as the largest in terms of passenger, in 1946, the old passenger terminal opened, which took two years to build. In 1948 a runway was built, which was completed and fully tarmaced in 1957, in 1963, improvements to the airport were made. This included new parking spaces, enlargement of the terminal and the provision of a visual approach slope indicator system, in 1964, a transmission station was built. In 1966 a new tower was completed, replacing the old control tower that was constructed in 1946. In 1970, work began on the current passenger terminal that is being used to operate flights today, the new terminal opened in March 1973. During this time, a runway was being built and this was completed in 1980. On 18 February 1988, Binter Canarias announced that the main base was to be established at Gran Canaria. The base opened on 26 March 1989, in October 1991, the terminal was enlarged with improved facilities so it could handle more passengers. In December 2010, low cost carrier Ryanair announced the opening of 3 new bases on the Canary Islands, in addition to Gran Canaria these include Lanzarote and Tenerife South
Gran Canaria International Airport
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Gran Canaria Airport Aeropuerto de Gran Canaria
Gran Canaria International Airport
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Gran Canaria Airport terminal building (including 2014 extension)
49.
Palermo Airport
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Falcone–Borsellino Airport or simply Palermo Airport, formerly Punta Raisi Airport is located at Punta Raisi,19 NM west northwest of Palermo, the capital city of the Italian island of Sicily. It is the airport of Sicily in terms of passengers after Catania-Fontanarossa Airport. GESAP S. p. a. is the management company of Falcone e Borsellino Airport in Palermo. It has a fully paid-up share capital of €15,912,332 divided between the Regional Province of Palermo, the Comune of Palermo, the Chamber of Commerce, the Comune of Cinisi and other minor partners. The airport was given the name Falcone–Borsellino in memory of the two leading anti-mafia judges Giovanni Falcone and Paolo Borsellino who were murdered by the Mafia in 1992. A1. 90-metre diameter plaque featuring their portraits can be found to the right of one of the main entrances to the departure hall. Created by the Sicilian sculptor Tommaso Geraci, it bears the inscription Giovanni Falcone–Paolo Borsellino–Gli Altri–Lorgoglio della Nuova Sicilia, in 1994, GESAP was charged with the partial management of the airport through a convention which granted the company a 20-year mandate to run land-side activities. In April 1999, GESAP obtained a mandate to manage the airports air side activities, and, more specifically. As airport management company, GESAP plans, creates and manages the areas, infrastructures and systems, ensuring the necessary maintenance. In April 2004, GESAP was awarded UNI ISO 9001/2000 certification, the company had already received certification for its services and processes in the handling sector and this too was renewed by the certification body, TÜV, in December 2006. On 24 May 2007 GESAP has obtained the renewal of the airport certificate until 30 May 2010 and this comes after the deliberation of ENACs board of directors on 1 March 2005 that was officialised in a convention signed on 17 November 2006. In August 2014, Air One announced the closure of their operations included the shutdown of their Palermo base on 30 September 2014. 16 of the 39 people on board died, on 24 September 2010, Wind Jet Flight 243, operated by Airbus A319-132 EI-EDM, landed short of the runway after encountering a thunderstorm and windshear on approach. The aircraft was damaged when it impacted the localiser. Both main undercarriage collapsed and the aircraft was evacuated by the emergency slides. Around 20 passengers were injured in the evacuation, the airports railway facility, Punta Raisi railway station, is the northwestern terminus of Palermo metropolitan railway service. It links the airport with Palermo Centrale railway station, a typical timetable on work days is a train every 30 minutes in each direction between early morning and around 10.00 pm. Catania Fontanarossa Airport Vincenzo Bellini – Sicilys major international airport
Palermo Airport
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Falcone–Borsellino Airport Aeroporto Falcone e Borsellino
50.
Santorini (Thira) National Airport
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Santorini International Airport is an airport in Santorini/Thira, Greece, located north of the village of Kamari. The airport serves both as a military and as a civil airport, with its relatively small apron, the airport is only able to serve up to 6 civilian planes at the same time. The tower also serves as approach / departure, up to FL170, Santorini is one of the few Cyclades Islands with a major airport. It is about 6 km southeast of the centre of Thira, the main asphalt runway is 6972 feet/2125m in length. The parallel taxiway was built to runway specification and it can accommodate Boeing 757, Boeing 737, Airbus 320 series, Avro RJ, Fokker 70, and ATR72. Scheduled airlines include Ryanair, Olympic Air and Aegean Airlines, with scheduled and charter flights from other airlines during the higher seasons in spring, summer. Transportation to and from the air terminal is through buses, taxis, hotel car-pickups, in 2014 the airport served 1,179,653 passengers, an increase of 31. 3% over the previous years traffic. The airport first operated in 1972 and we signed the deal today, the head of Greeces privatisation agency HRADF, Stergios Pitsiorlas, told Reuters. According to the agreement, the joint venture will operate the 14 airports for 40 years as of autumn 2016, transport in Greece Media related to Santorini Airport at Wikimedia Commons Official website / Civil Aviation Authority
Santorini (Thira) National Airport
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Kamari town and Santorini National Airport
Santorini (Thira) National Airport
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Santorini Airport viewed from Ancient Thera
51.
Split Airport
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Split Airport, also known as Resnik Airport, is the international airport serving the city of Split, Croatia. It is located 24 km from Split, on the west side of Kaštela Bay, in the town of Kaštela, in 2016, the airport was the second busiest in Croatia after Zagreb Airport handling 2,289,987 passengers that year. It is an important hub for Croatia Airlines offering flights to European cities, such as Athens, Frankfurt, London and it is a major destination for leisure flights during the European summer holiday season. The current airport was opened on 25 November 1966, the apron had dimensions of only 200 x 112 m and 6 parking positions with a planned capacity of 150,000 passengers. In 1968 passenger numbers stood already at 150,737, in 1967, the apron was extended for the first time to accommodate 10 aircraft. A new larger building was built and opened in 1979 to accommodate traffic for a major sporting event held in Split in September. The largest pre-war passenger numbers were achieved in 1987, totalling 1,151,580 passengers and 7,873 landings, in 1991 the passenger figures dropped almost to zero, as the war in the former Yugoslavia broke out. In the years followed, most of the traffic were NATO and UN cargo planes, such as the C-5 Galaxy, MD-11, Boeing 747. After 1995 the civilian traffic figures began rising again, and finally in 2007 surpassed the 1987 record, in 2005, the terminal got a major facelift, adding one more gate, the glass facade, as well as the steel/fabric palms illuminated by multi-colour LEDs. The busiest time in the airport is during the season, as the city of Split is a major tourist destination. Saturdays are the busiest days of the week, with more than 200 airplane operations and 25,000 passengers, since the beginning of the 21st century the summer peaks activity called for an expansion of the airport s capacity. In the year of 2017, major works will be start at Split. When all of the expansion is done, Resnik will have a new terminal, parking area, after that, in the years after 2020, new taxiways are planned to be built to increase runway capacity. The new apron was constructed in 2011 with the capacity slightly over the old one but with better security conditions. The cost of investment was €13 million, and it included 34,000 m2 of new parking space for the aircraft. The lower level houses warehouses, workshops, offices and other objects that support the new 35,000 m2. Expansion of Split Airport is happening in 3 phases, media related to Split airport at Wikimedia Commons Official website Airport information for LDSP at World Aero Data. Data current as of October 2006
Split Airport
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Split Airport Zračna luka Split
Split Airport
Split Airport
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Split Airport terminal entrance
Split Airport
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Split Airport terminal interior
52.
Vueling
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Vueling Airlines, S. A. is a Spanish low-cost airline based at El Prat de Llobregat in Greater Barcelona with hubs in Barcelona–El Prat Airport and Leonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport in Rome, Italy. Its name comes from the Spanish word vuelo, which means flight, there are thirteen additional bases at A Coruña, Alicante, Amsterdam, Bilbao, Brussels, Florence, Madrid, Málaga, Palma de Mallorca, Paris-Orly, Santiago de Compostela, Seville and Valencia. A fifteenth summer seasonal base is located at Ibiza, Vueling serves over 100 destinations in Africa, Asia and Europe and is currently the second largest airline in Spain. In 2014, the airline carried more than 17.2 million passengers, Vueling was established in February 2004 and commenced operations on 1 July 2004 with a flight between Barcelona and Ibiza. The initial fleet consisted of two Airbus A320 aircraft, based in Barcelona serving Brussels, Ibiza, Palma de Mallorca, the name Vueling was formed by combining the Spanish word vuelo with the English gerund suffix -ing. Initially, major shareholders of Vueling Airlines were Apax Partners, Inversiones Hemisferio, Vuelings management team, during its nascent stages, the companys general manager was Lázaro Ros, while Carlos Muñoz was CEO. In November 2007, Vueling appointed managing director of Spanair Lars Nygaard as CEO to replace Carlos Muñoz, Madrid was added as the airlines second base in 2005, followed by its first base outside Spain at Paris Charles de Gaulle in 2007. 2007 was a year for Vueling, Apax Partners sold its then-21% stake in the carrier in June of that year. Two company directors and the chairman resigned shortly before the second warning, citing differences over commercial strategy. Shares in the company were also temporarily suspended and this led to Barbara Cassani, former Chief Executive of UK low-cost airline Go, joining Vueling as chairman of the board in September 2007. The airline then embarked on an exercise and posted its first profit in mid-2009. In June 2008, Vueling and rival Spanish low cost airline Clickair announced their intention to merge, the merger was designed to create a carrier better able to compete in the competitive Spanish airline market and mitigate high fuel costs with Iberia as the main industrial partner. While the new company would trade under the Vueling name, Clickairs Alex Cruz was named as chief executive, the deal was subject to scrutiny and approval by European competition regulators, who were concerned that the merged airline would have a significant competitive advantage on around 19 routes. The regulators demanded the release of slots at Barcelona and other European airports as a condition of the merger, on 15 July 2009 the merger of Vueling and Clickair was completed. The new merged airline operates under the Vueling brand, with Clickair flights and it became the second largest Spanish carrier flying 8.2 million passengers in 2009, to almost 50 destinations. In 2009, Vueling for the year running co-operated with MTV during the summer season. Two of Vuelings A320 aircraft were re-painted into MTV liveries with some MTV styling on-board too, the designs of both liveries were created by Custo Dalmau and both liveries were removed at the end of 2009. In November 2010, Vueling announced a new base at Toulouse Airport in France from April 2011, followed in December 2010 by the announcement of a new base in Amsterdam, the Toulouse base opened on 23 April 2011, but has since closed
Vueling
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Vueling's head office in El Prat de Llobregat, Spain
Vueling
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Vueling
Vueling
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MTV Livery Airbus A320-214 at Paris-Charles de Gaulle, France (2008)
Vueling
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Vueling A320-232 with Sharklets takes off from Rome-Fiumicino, Italy (2013)
53.
Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport
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The airport won the Skytrax Best Eastern European airport prize three times in a line. It offers international connections primarily within Europe, but also to Africa, the Middle East, from June 2015, the transatlantic flights were restored with two carriers flying to Toronto and Montreal. In 2016, the airport handled 11.4 million passengers and it was the hub for Malév until the airlines bankruptcy on 3 February 2012, when at 6 am Malév ceased its operations after almost 66 years of service. Before its closure, the airline had more than one third of the air traffic at the airport, the airport serves as a base for Ryanair and the hub for the Hungarian low-cost airliner, Wizz Air. Ferihegy is the name of the neighbourhood around the airport, the name is derived from that of Ferenc Xavér Mayerffy, the former owner of an estate who established vineyards and contributed to the development of viticulture in Pest-Buda. Feri is a form of Ferenc while hegy means hill. In fact the area is almost totally flat but originally there was a 147 m high sandy hillock which was levelled in the 1940s during the works of the airport. In 1938 the idea of building a new airport in Budapest was born, the area in the boundary of three settlements was assigned as the area of the new airport. The airport was intended as jointly for civil-military-sporting purposes, civil facilities were to be built up in the north-western and military ones in the south-western section. Just as for building, a public tender was invited for the designing. In December 1939, upon announcement of the results of the tender invited in September that year, the designer, who was one of the originators of modern Hungarian architectural art, dreamt of a building which resembled an aircraft from the top-side view. To approach the airport from the city, a 16-kilometre high-speed road was constructed between 1940 and 1943, which, after improvements, remains in use today, the military buildings were constructed parallel to the civil construction from 1940 but, due to the war situation, faster. Aviation started at the airport in 1943, in wartime, the civil construction slowed down and then stopped at the beginning of 1944. Towards the end of World War II, many of the buildings were damaged. By the end 1944, Budapest and its airport were under Soviet occupation, in 1947 it was decided that the airport would be reconstructed for civil aviation. Under the three-year plan 40 million forints were voted for those works, the opening ceremony was held in May 1950 and the sections finished allowed Magyar-Szovjet Polgári Légiforgalmi Rt. established in 1946, to operate here. At that time the airlines operated only a few flights, in particular those to Prague, Bucharest, Warsaw. Magyar Légiforgalmi Vállalat was established on 25 November 1954, the first regular flight taking off from the airport to the West was the Malévs flight into Vienna in summer 1956
Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport
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Terminal 2 SkyCourt lounge
Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport
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Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport Budapest Liszt Ferenc Nemzetközi Repülőtér
Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport
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Terminal 2B check-in area
Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport
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Terminal 2A departures
54.
Warsaw Chopin Airport
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Warsaw Chopin Airport is an international airport located in the Włochy district of Warsaw, Poland. As Polands largest, covering 834 hectares of land, and busiest airport, Warsaw Chopin handles approximately 300 scheduled flights daily and an ever-rising number of charters. London, Chicago, Frankfurt, Paris, and Amsterdam are the busiest international connections, while Kraków, Wrocław, despite the official change, Okecie remains in popular and industry use, including air traffic and aerodrome references. The second international airport of the city is the much smaller Warsaw Modlin Airport, in 1924, when urban development around Warsaws aerodrome at Mokotów Fields began affecting air traffic, the Ministry of Railways purchased land near the village of Okęcie to construct a new airport. On 29 April 1934, the Polish president, Ignacy Mościcki, opened Central Airport, on the first floor, there is a restaurant and viewing terrace, from where one can see the entire territory of the airport. With the building finished in 1933, the new modernist premises of the Warsaw airport cost the State Treasury around 10 million Zloty. The new complex included three hangars, exhibition space, garages, and of course a large, modern building with a concrete taxiway complete with stands for a number of aircraft. Warsaw thus received an airport befitting of any European capital city, in its first year of operation, Okęcie served around 10,750 passengers. As air traffic and the number of movements grew greatly year on year. By 1938, the airport was equipped with 16 immigration checkpoints for passengers departing and arriving on international flights. These posts were manned by the Polish Border Guard. During World War II, Okęcie was often used as a battleground between the German Army and Polish resistance and was almost completely destroyed, from the very first day of the war in Poland, Okęcie became a target for bombing by the German Luftwaffe. Later, once Warsaw was occupied by the German army, the became the base for two German aviation schools and a Junkers aircraft repair works. In the first half of the 1950s, this development continued and this gave the authority effectively complete control over Warsaws airport. In 1961, the management board decided to purchase a radar for civilian air traffic control. The winning design for a new terminal by Jan and Krystyna Dobrowolski referred to modern architectural solutions used in many western airports, in planning, it was ordered that the initial capacity of the new International Airport Station should be about 1 million passengers a year. In 1962, work began on the design of the new terminal. At the same time on the side of the airport
Warsaw Chopin Airport
Warsaw Chopin Airport
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The first British Airways flight from Warsaw to London waits alongside a LOT Junkers Ju 52 at Okęcie in April 1939
Warsaw Chopin Airport
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The destroyed PZL works at Warsaw Okęcie in 1939.
Warsaw Chopin Airport
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The 1960s terminal buildings at Warsaw's Chopin airport in 2003 (since demolished)
55.
Vitoria Airport
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Vitoria Airport is an airport near Vitoria-Gasteiz, in the Basque Country of Spain. There are currently no all year round scheduled passenger flights to and from Vitoria Airport, in 2005 Ryanair began daily flights from London Stansted Airport and in subsequent years flights from Dublin Airport. The Stansted route flew 110,000 passengers within 15 months whilst the Dublin route flew 21,000 in 9 months, the airline left the airport in October 2007. Helitt Lineas Aereas also left the airport in January 2013
Vitoria Airport
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Vitoria-Gasteiz Airport
56.
United States Air Force in France
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From 1951 to 1966 the United States Air Force deployed thousands of personnel and hundreds of combat aircraft to France to counter the buildup of the Soviet Armed Forces in Eastern Europe. The Cold War escalated into the seizure of West Berlin during 1948. This convinced the western nations to form a defense organization. Discussions led to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, NATOs defense strategy came to incorporate land, sea, and air forces. Due to the vulnerability of West Germany to Soviet attack, USAF planners did not want any new tactical air units moved into the U. S. By 1950, the United States Air Forces in Europe wanted all tactical air units to be located west of the Rhine River to provide air defense warning time. France agreed to air base sites. Between 1950 and 1967 the United States Air Force operated 11 major air bases in France, the United States Army also established a significant presence in France, and was responsible for much Air Base construction and maintenance. The first NATO tenant in France was the 1630th Air Base Squadron of the USAF Military Air Transport Service, on 28 February 1958 the official name of Orly Air Base was changed to Orly Airport and most MATS flights were routed to Chateauroux-Deols Air Base. After 15 years of USAFE basing, French President Charles De Gaulle decided to evict NATO forces from France, on 7 March 1966, he announced that France would withdraw from NATOs integrated military structure. He gave NATO forces one year to depart France, due to the U. S. media focus on the Vietnam War, the removal of NATO forces from France went virtually unreported in the US. During 1966-67 all USAF offices and facilities in France were closed and personnel, the last USAFE activities were the 1630th Air Base Squadron at Orly Airport and the Paris Administration Office. Both were closed in June 1967, a C-47 variant, the C-117B Super Skytrain Serial 45-2549 was the last USAF aircraft to leave France, departing from Orly on 31 May 1967. On 23 October 1967, all flags were furled and after 17 years the last NATO forces departed France. Today most of the old USAF air bases in France are being used by the French military and are not accessible to tourists, active Air Force wings as of 1 October 1995, USAF active flying, space, and missile squadrons as of 1 October 1995. Maxwell AFB, Alabama, Office of Air Force History, mcAuliffe, Jerome J. US Air Force in France 1950-1967. San Diego, California, Milspec Press ISBN 0-9770371-1-8, Air Force Combat Wings Lineage and Honors Histories 1947-1977. Maxwell AFB, Alabama, Office of Air Force History, uSAAS-USAAC-USAAF-USAF Aircraft Serial Numbers—1908 to Present
United States Air Force in France
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F-100D fighter-bombers of the 48th Tactical Fighter Wing at Chaumont-Semoutiers Air Base, 1957.
United States Air Force in France
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Map of former NATO air bases in France.
United States Air Force in France
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C-130A 56-0524 of the 40th Troop Carrier Squadron, Evreux-Fauville Air Base, 1958 provided USAFE Tactical Airlift capabilities
57.
Orly Airport
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Paris Orly Airport is an international airport located partially in Orly and partially in Villeneuve-le-Roi,7 NM south of Paris, France. Prior to the construction of Charles de Gaulle Airport, Orly was the airport of Paris. Orly Airport covers 15.3 square kilometres of land, originally known as Villeneuve-Orly Airport, the facility was opened in the southern suburbs of Paris in 1932 as a secondary airport to Le Bourget. Before this two huge airship hangars had been built there by the engineer Eugène Freyssinet from 1923 on, the 50th Fighter Group flew P-47 Thunderbolt fighter-bomber aircraft from the airport until September, then liaison squadrons used the airfield until October 1945. The USAAF diagram from March 1947 shows the 6140-foot 27/207 runway with 5170-foot 81/261 runway crossing it at its north end. The November 1953 Aeradio diagram shows four runways, all 197 feet wide, 03L7874 ft, 03R6069 ft, 08L5118 ft. The American United States Army Air Forces 1408th Army Air Force Base Unit was the operator at Orly Field until March 1947 when control was returned to the French Government. The Americans left in 1967 as a result of Frances withdrawal from NATOs integrated military command, in May 1958 Pan Am DC-7Cs flew to Los Angeles in 21 hr 56 min, TWA, Air France and Pan Am flew nonstop to New York in 14 hrs 10-15 min. Air France flew to Tokyo in 31 hr 5 min via Anchorage or 44 hr 45 min on a seven-stop 1049G via India, Air Frances ten flights a day to London were almost all Viscounts, the only other London flight was Alitalias daily DC-6B. Paris-Orly Airport features two passenger terminal buildings, Terminal Sud and Terminal Ouest, The brick-style southern terminal building consists of six floors. The airside area and departure gates are located on the upper level 1, the waiting area, which features several shops as well, houses gates A1-A10 and A40-A42 and is furthermore connected to the gate areas Hall A and Hall B to each side of the building. 15 of the departure gates are equipped with jet-bridges, some of them are able to handle wide-body aircraft. The western terminal has a different layout than Terminal Sud, consisting of two floors and a area of four fingers rather than a brick-style layout. The ground level 0 features the arrivals facilities including 8 baggage reclaim belts as well as several service facilities, the departures area is located on level 1 with more stores and restaurants located here. This central departures area is connected to four areas named halls 1-4 which contain departure gates 10A-10P, 20A-20L, 31A-31F. 23 stands at this terminal are equipped with jet-bridges, with several of them able to handle wide-body aircraft. AOM French Airlines had its office in Orly Airport Building 363 in Paray-Vieille-Poste. After AOM and Air Liberté merged in 2001, the new airline, Air Lib, Orly Airport is connected to the RER B train line at Antony train station by the Orlyval automatic shuttle
Orly Airport
Orly Airport
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Paris Orly Airport Aéroport de Paris-Orly
Orly Airport
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Terminal South at Orly Airport. Hundreds of photographs of people and the word Bienvenue (Welcome) covers the facade.
Orly Airport
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Terminal South
58.
EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg
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It is located in France, on the administrative territory of the commune of Saint-Louis near the Swiss and German borders. The airport serves as a base for easyJet Switzerland and Belair, which operates on behalf of Air Berlin, plans for the construction of a joint Swiss–French airport started in the 1930s, but were halted by the Second World War. In 1946 talks resumed and it was agreed that an airport would be built 4 kilometres north of Blotzheim, France would provide the land and the Swiss canton of Basel-Stadt would cover the construction costs. Basel-Stadts Grand Council agreed to pay the costs for a provisional airport even before a treaty was signed. Construction began on 8 March 1946 and an airport with a 1. The first enlargement project was approved by referendum in Basel in 1960 and, over the following decades, the north–south runway was extended further to 3,900 metres in 1972. In 1984, a total of 1 million passengers was reached. In 1987, the trademark name EuroAirport Basel–Mulhouse–Freiburg was introduced, in 1992 a total of 2 million passengers used the airport. By 1998, this number rose up to 3 million, a decision was made to enlarge the terminals again with a new Y-finger dock. The first phase was completed in 2002 and the phase in 2005. Crossair was based at Basel and was its largest airline, in 2004 the low cost carrier EasyJet opened a base at Basel and the passenger totals rose again, reaching 4 million in 2006. From 2007 until 2009, Ryanair also flew to the airport for the first time, however, as result of a dispute over landing fees, the airline closed all eight routes. More recently Ryanair announced it would return in April 2014, with the resumption of Basel–Dublin route as well as the new route Basel – London–Stansted, since then, Ryanair has hinted at the possibility of adding new routes in the foreseeable future. In December 2014, Swiss International Air Lines announced it would cease all operations at Basel by 31 May 2015 due to competition from low-cost carriers. Swiss faced direct competition on five out of its six Basel routes, the Lufthansa Group announced it would set up Eurowings first base outside Germany at the EuroAirport as a replacement. However these plans were cancelled in favour of Vienna International Airport. In January 2017, it has announced that Air Berlin including its Swiss subsdiary Belair are cancelling Basel/Mulhouse from their schedules entirely as part of restructuring measures. EuroAirport is one of the few airports in the world operated jointly by two countries, in this case France and Switzerland and it is governed by a 1949 international convention
EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg
EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg
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Main terminal building
EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg
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Swiss International Air Lines head office at EuroAirport
59.
Clermont-Ferrand Auvergne Airport
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Clermont-Ferrand Auvergne Airport is an airport serving the French city of Clermont-Ferrand. It is located 6.7 km east of the city, in Aulnat and it is the main airport of the Auvergne region, the others are Aurillac airport and Le-Puy-en-Velay airport. In 2013, the airport handled 416,600 passengers making it the 29th busiest airport in France, in 1916 the first hard runway was built on this site, the first terminal would open at the airport a few years later in 1937. The terminal had a size 200m², in 1975 the runway was extended to its current 3,015 m. A year later in 1976 the airport had a category 3 ILS system installed, the current terminal was built in 1992. The airport used to be the hub of Regional Airlines, an important regional airline in France, Regional Airlines was bought by Air France in 2000 and Air France moved Regional´s hub to the airport of Lyon St Exupéry, about a hundred kilometers away. Over 1 million passengers went to Clermont-Ferrand Auvergne airport in 2002, with more than 30 destinations in France, today, there are only 14 destinations at the airport and 400,295 passengers in 2015. In 2013, Ryanair started flights to Porto, which has been a surprising success, the airport resides at an elevation of 1,090 feet above mean sea level. The passenger terminal is 17600 m2 large, on 28 December 1971, Vickers Viscount F-BOEA of Air Inter was damaged beyond economic repair when it departed the runway on a training flight during a simulated failure of #4 engine. On 27 October 1972, Air Inter Flight 696, Vickers Viscount 724 F-BMCH, en route from Lyon to Clermont-Ferrand, the crew may have followed the erroneous reading as they attempted to fly an approach pattern using Clermont-Ferrands non-directional beacon. The aircraft descended too early and struck a mountain 44 km east of the airport, Airport website Clermont-Ferrand Auvergne Airport Aéroport de Clermont-Ferrand - Auvergne Airport information for LFLC at World Aero Data. Data current as of October 2006, accident history for CFE at Aviation Safety Network
Clermont-Ferrand Auvergne Airport
Clermont-Ferrand Auvergne Airport
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Clermont-Ferrand Auvergne Airport Aéroport de Clermont-Ferrand Auvergne
60.
Lorient South Brittany Airport
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Lorient South Brittany Airport or Aéroport de Lorient Bretagne Sud, also known as Lorient-Lann-Bihoué Airport, is the airport serving the city of Lorient. It is situated 5 km west-northwest of Lorient, a commune of the Morbihan département in the Brittany region of France. The airport is comparatively large,3 km by 3 km, base Aeronavale Lann Bihoue Lorient South Brittany Airport Aéroport de Lorient-Bretagne Sud Airport information for LFRH at World Aero Data. Data current as of October 2006, accident history for Lorient-Lann Bihoué Airport at Aviation Safety Network
Lorient South Brittany Airport
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The Brittany region within France
61.
Gustaf III Airport
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Gustaf III Airport, also known as Saint Barthélemy Airport, sometimes as St. Jean Airport, is a public use airport located in the village of St. Jean on the Caribbean island of Saint Barthélemy. Both the airport and the main town of Gustavia are named for King Gustav III of Sweden. In 1984, Swedish Minister of Communications, Hans Gustafsson, inaugurated the building of the Gustaf III Airport. The airport is served by small commercial aircraft and charters. The short airstrip is at the base of a gentle slope ending directly on the beach, the arrival descent is extremely steep over the hilltop traffic circle, departing planes fly right over the heads of sunbathers. The airport is located at the islands second-largest town, St. Jean, the History Channel programme Most Extreme Airports ranks Gustaf III airport, which is casually referred to as St. Barths, as the third most dangerous airport in the world. YouTube video of a tourist almost hit by a Cessna 172 highlights the close confines of airport, media related to Gustaf III Airport at Wikimedia Commons Accident history for SBH at Aviation Safety Network
Gustaf III Airport
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Gustaf III Airport Saint Barthélemy Airport St. Jean Airport Aérodrome de St Jean
62.
Bora Bora Airport
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Bora Bora Airport, also known as Motu Mute Airport, is an airport serving the island of Bora Bora in French Polynesia. It is located on the islet of Motu Mute, the airport was opened in 1943, during World War II. Commercial service became available in 1958 after the runway was reconstructed and it is built on an island located in a lagoon. A boat transfer is necessary to get to the island of Bora Bora. Passengers from Vaitape, the largest population center on Bora Bora, Air Tahiti serves flights from Bora Bora with late model 48-seat ATR42 and 68-seat ATR72 twin engine propjets. Although the airport does not have scheduled passenger jet service, larger business jet types manufactured by Bombardier Aerospace, Canadair. RAI was then renamed Air Polynesie which continued to operate Douglas DC-4 service into Bora Bora in 1970 before introducing Fokker F27 turboprops on flights to Papeete by the mid 1970s, Air Polynesie also served Bora Bora with de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter commuter turboprops. Air Polynesie was in turn renamed Air Tahiti in 1986 and this air continues to serve Bora Bora at the present time with ATR42. Aéroport de Bora Bora Bora Bora Airport Airport information for NTTB at World Aero Data, Data current as of October 2006. Accident history for BOB at Aviation Safety Network
Bora Bora Airport
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Bora Bora Airport Aéroport de Bora Bora
Bora Bora Airport
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An Air Tahiti ATR72 boarding at Bora Bora Airport
63.
Dijon Air Base
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Dijon-Longvic Air Base is a former French Air Force air base. The base is located approximately 2 miles east-southeast of Longvic, about 165 miles southeast of Paris and it was closed on June 30,2016, after 102 years of existence. Dijon-Longvic Air Base is one of the oldest of the Armée de lAir, being established in 1914 and it has been active for over 95 years, through both 20th Century World Wars, the Cold War, and numerous crises. The military will withdraw from the base under budget cuts announced in October 2014, operating as a joint civilian base, it is also a commercial airport. Dijon Air Base is one of the oldest of the Armée de lAir, being established in 1914 and this airfield became operational in the spring of 1914 and was assigned the headquarters of the 1st Aviation Group, which was accommodated in several aircraft hangars and barracks. Four squadrons were stationed there when the World War broke out, 2Y also worked, from 1917, a flight school dedicated to piloting aircraft Voisin firm. After 1919, Dijon-Longvic was used for deployment of several units specializing in pursuit, in 1920, saw the birth of Dijon 2e observation aviation regiment equipped with Breguet 14. That same year, on the edge of the airfield, an area was reserved for civil aviation, during World War II, the airport was attacked by the Luftwaffe on several occasions during the Battle of France. It was seized by the German Army on 25 May, while a POW camp, prisoners were used to clear the wreckage of destroyed aircraft and tear down destroyed buildings. The unit also included a number of Gotha 145 and Junkers 52s and this unit took part in many bombing missions over England. In March 1943, II/NJG4 arrived, a fighter unit, equipped with three squadrons of Messerschmitt Bf 110s, Dornier 217 N-1s, and Ju 88 Ns Also in 1943. Arrived at Dijon from the Crimea in the Eastern Front, equipped with Heinkel 111Z reconnaissance aircraft, the unit only stayed at Dijon briefly, being moved to Istres for use in the Italian Campaign. While under Luftwaffe control, Dijon Air Base was attacked by the United States Army Air Forces Eighth Air Force heavy B-17 Flying Fortress groups on several occasions in 1944, with the Allied ground forces advancing into the Dijon area, the Germans evacuated the base on 10 September 1944. On 12 September, the first American units arrived at the base, work began clearing the base of mines and destroyed Luftwaffe aircraft and repairing operational facilities for use by American aircraft. Their work paid off, as Dijon Air Base was declared ready on 25 September. It was designated as Advanced Landing Ground Y-9 as an American airfield, each of the bomb groups had three or four combat squadrons of aircraft assigned to the airfield. In addition to the American units, the Free French Air Force operated B-26 Marauders from Dijon beginning on 11 October 1944, Dijon was returned to the French Air Ministry by the Americans on 1 July 1945. The war had left the airbase in ruins, littered with rubble, debris, scrap metal
Dijon Air Base
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LFSD
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Media related to Bordeaux - Mérignac Airport at Wikimedia Commons
