Donoghue v Stevenson
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Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] AC 562 was a landmark court decision in Scots delict law and English tort law by the House of Lords. It laid the foundation of the modern law of negligence in common law jurisdictions worldwide, as well as in Scotland, establishing general principles of the duty of care.
Gilmour Street station where Donoghue arrived in Paisley
Parliament House in Edinburgh, where the Court of Session sits
The Palace of Westminster, where five Lords of Appeal in Ordinary heard Donoghue's appeal
The 1842 Versailles rail accident Lord Tomlin referred to, in which over 70 people died when a train derailed; the cause was a broken axle.
English tort law
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English tort law concerns the compensation for harm to people's rights to health and safety, a clean environment, property, their economic interests, or their reputations. A "tort" is a wrong in civil law, rather than criminal law, that usually requires a payment of money to make up for damage that is caused. Alongside contracts and unjust enrichment, tort law is usually seen as forming one of the three main pillars of the law of obligations.
Tort law concerns civil wrongs, damaging people's rights to health and safety, property, or a clean environment. Most accidents have become strictly regulated, and may require insurance, for workplaces, road accidents, products, or environmental harm such as the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.
19th century regulation limited child labour and working time in factories and mines, but employers were not always liable for accidents until 1937.
Strikers gathering in Tyldesley in the 1926 General Strike in the UK