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History
Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester
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Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester, KG, KB, FRS was an important commander of Parliamentary forces in the First English Civil War, and for a time Oliver Cromwell's superior.
Portrait of the Earl of Manchester by Sir Peter Lely, circa 1661–1665
Portrait of the Earl of Manchester by Sir Peter Lely, circa 1661–1665
Margaret Russell c. 1636 by Anthony van Dyck
Margaret Russell c. 1636 by Anthony van Dyck
First English Civil War
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The First English Civil War took place in England and Wales from 1642 to 1646, and forms part of the 1639 to 1653 Wars of the Three Kingdoms. An estimated 15% to 20% of adult males in England and Wales served in the military at some point between 1639 and 1653, while around 4% of the total population died from war-related causes. These figures illustrate the widespread impact of the conflict on society, and the bitterness it engendered as a result.
'Cavalier Troops Mustering outside the Guildhall, Exeter' by John Joseph Barker, 1886, from the Royal Albert Memorial Museum's collection
'Cavalier Troops Mustering outside the Guildhall, Exeter' by John Joseph Barker, 1886, from the Royal Albert Memorial Museum's collection
Edward Hyde, later Earl of Clarendon, ca 1643; originally part of the Parliamentary opposition, in 1642 he became Charles' chief advisor
Edward Hyde, later Earl of Clarendon, ca 1643; originally part of the Parliamentary opposition, in 1642 he became Charles' chief advisor
John Pym, who led the opposition to Charles from 1640 until his death in December 1643
John Pym, who led the opposition to Charles from 1640 until his death in December 1643
Charles' nephew and most talented general, Prince Rupert, popularised during the Victorian era as the archetypal Cavalier
Charles' nephew and most talented general, Prince Rupert, popularised during the Victorian era as the archetypal Cavalier