The English landscape garden, also called English landscape park or simply the English garden, is a style of "landscape" garden which emerged in England in the early 18th century, and spread across Europe, replacing the more formal, symmetrical French formal garden which had emerged in the 17th century as the principal gardening style of Europe. The English garden presented an idealized view of nature. Created and pioneered by William Kent and others, the "informal" garden style originated as a revolt against the architectural garden and drew inspiration from landscape paintings by Salvator Rosa, Claude Lorrain, and Nicolas Poussin.
Rotunda at Stowe Gardens (1730-38)
The paintings of Claude Lorrain inspired Stourhead and other English landscape gardens.
Castle Howard (1699–1712), a predecessor of the English garden modelled on the gardens of Versailles
Ionic Temple at Chiswick House in west London
Landscape architecture is the design of outdoor areas, landmarks, and structures to achieve environmental, social-behavioural, or aesthetic outcomes. It involves the systematic design and general engineering of various structures for construction and human use, investigation of existing social, ecological, and soil conditions and processes in the landscape, and the design of other interventions that will produce desired outcomes.
Stourhead in Wiltshire, England, designed by Henry Hoare (1705–1785), "the first landscape gardener, who showed in a single work, genius of the highest order"
A canal design focused on esthetical landscape architecture in Stockholm, Sweden.
A river with functional (flood preventing) landscape engineering in Houston, Texas, for comparison.
Orangery at the Palace of Versailles, outside Paris