Firestop
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A firestop or fire-stopping is a form of passive fire protection that is used to seal around openings and between joints in a fire-resistance-rated wall or floor assembly. Firestops are designed to maintain the fire-resistance rating of a wall or floor assembly intended to impede the spread of fire and smoke.
Fire test of mortar-based firestop
Pipe with metallic piping penetrations in a 2-hour fire-resistance rated concrete floor slab
Inadequate firestop with rockwool
Firestop mortar seal of a cable tray
Passive fire protection
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Passive fire protection (PFP) is components or systems of a building or structure that slows or impedes the spread of the effects of fire or smoke without system activation, and usually without movement. Examples of passive systems include floor-ceilings and roofs, fire doors, windows, and wall assemblies, fire-resistant coatings, and other fire and smoke control assemblies. Passive fire protection systems can include active components such as fire dampers.
Fire-resistance rated wall assembly with fire door, cable tray penetration and intumescent cable coating
This I beam has a fireproofing material sprayed onto it as a form of passive fire protection.