Flying ointment is a hallucinogenic ointment said to have been used by witches in the practice of European witchcraft from at least as far back as the Early Modern period, when detailed recipes for such preparations were first recorded and when their usage spread to colonial North America.
Preparation for the Witches' Sabbath by David Teniers the Younger. Note on the left an older witch reading from a grimoire while anointing the buttocks of a young witch about to fly to the sabbath upon an inverted besom with a candle upon its twigs
A Witches' Sabbath by Frans Francken the Younger. Note on extreme right pots of magic ointment and older witch applying ointment to back of naked younger witch
Ingredient: Deadly Nightshade, Atropa belladonna
Ingredient: Black Henbane, Hyoscyamus niger
In folklore, a werewolf, or occasionally lycanthrope is an individual who can shape-shift into a wolf, either purposely or after being placed under a curse or affliction, with the transformations occurring on the night of a full moon. Early sources for belief in this ability or affliction, called lycanthropy, are Petronius (27–66) and Gervase of Tilbury (1150–1228).
Dolon wearing a wolf-skin. Attic red-figure vase, c. 460 BC.
Zeus turning Lycaon into a wolf, engraving by Hendrik Goltzius.
Vendel period depiction of a warrior wearing a wolf-skin (Tierkrieger).
A German woodcut from 1722