A knot garden is a garden style that was popularized in 16th century England and is now considered an element of the formal English garden. A knot garden consists of a variety of aromatic and culinary herbs, or low hedges such as box, planted in lines to create an intertwining pattern that is set within a square frame and laid on a level substrate. The spaces between these lines are often filled with stone, gravel, sand or flowering plants. Traditional plants used in knot gardens include germander, marjoram, thyme, southernwood, lemon balm, hyssop, costmary, acanthus, mallow, chamomile, rosemary, calendula, viola and santolina.
Knot Garden at St Fagans museum of country life, south Wales
The Knot Garden at the Red Lodge Museum, Bristol.
Knot Garden at Sudeley Castle, Gloucestershire, England
Garden Museum, London, England
A parterre is a part of a formal garden constructed on a level substrate, consisting of symmetrical patterns, made up by plant beds, plats, low hedges or coloured gravels, which are separated and connected by paths. Typically it was the part of the garden nearest the house, perhaps after a terrace. The view of a parterre from inside the house, especially from the upper floors, was a major consideration in its design. The word "parterre" was and is used both for the whole part of the garden containing parterres and for each individual section between the "alleys".
Restoration work on a parterre en broderie at Wrest Park, England
The palace at Oranienbaum, Russia, parterre en broderie with six colours of mineral base, and red flowers.
Cutwork parterre with only grass and gravels, Peterhof Palace
Victorian parterre at Waddesdon Manor (2016)