The Lachish Letters are a series of letters written in carbon ink containing ancient Israelite inscriptions in Ancient Hebrew on clay ostraca. The letters were discovered at the excavations at Lachish.
Lachish letters
Image: Steen met inscriptie in het Lahish schrift, Bestanddeelnr 255 6141
Image: Steen met inscriptie in het Lahish schrift, Bestanddeelnr 255 6140
Image: Lachish letter No. 3 LOC matpc.00257
Canaanite and Aramaic inscriptions
The Canaanite and Aramaic inscriptions, also known as Northwest Semitic inscriptions, are the primary extra-Biblical source for understanding of the society and history of the ancient Phoenicians, Hebrews and Arameans. Semitic inscriptions may occur on stone slabs, pottery ostraca, ornaments, and range from simple names to full texts.
The older inscriptions form a Canaanite–Aramaic dialect continuum, exemplified by writings which scholars have struggled to fit into either category, such as the Stele of Zakkur and the Deir Alla Inscription.
The Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar II was the first of this type of inscription found anywhere in the Levant (modern Jordan, Palestine, Israel, Lebanon and Syria).
Phoenician alphabet
Aramaic alphabet
Image: National Museum of Beirut – Ahiram sarcophagus inscription 1