Lili Ilse Elvenes, better known as Lili Elbe, was a Danish painter, transgender woman, and one of the earliest recipients of sex reassignment surgery.

Lili Elbe is an opera in two acts composed by Tobias Picker, with a libretto by Aryeh Lev Stollman, starring Lucia Lucas as Lili Elbe. Based on the life of Lili Elbe and the book Man into Woman: An Authentic Record of a Change of Sex, the opera premiered on 22 October 2023, and received "Best World Premiere" in the 2023 Oper! Awards.