The Political Constitution of 1899, informally known as the Malolos Constitution, was the constitution of the First Philippine Republic. It was written by Felipe Calderón y Roca and Felipe Buencamino as an alternative to a pair of proposals to the Malolos Congress by Apolinario Mabini and Pedro Paterno. After a lengthy debate in the latter part of 1898, it was promulgated on January 21, 1899.
General Aguinaldo (seated, center) and ten of the delegates to the first assembly that passed the constitution, in Barasoain Church, Malolos (Taken December 8, 1929)
Malolos Congress in 1898
The church where the constitution was ratified
Felipe Buencamino, a lawyer and revolutionary leader, was one of the writers of the Malolos Constitution
First Philippine Republic
The Philippine Republic, now officially remembered as the First Philippine Republic and also referred to by historians as the Malolos Republic, was established in Malolos, Bulacan during the Philippine Revolution against the Spanish Empire (1896–1898) and the Spanish–American War between Spain and the United States (1898) through the promulgation of the Malolos Constitution on January 22, 1899, succeeding the Revolutionary Government of the Philippines. It was formally established with Emilio Aguinaldo as president. It maintained governance until April 1, 1901.
First President of the Philippines, Emilio Aguinaldo, in the field.
The Inauguration of the First Philippine Republic in Malolos, January 23, 1899
The one peso of the Revolutionary Government.
The postage stamps of the Revolutionary Government.