Mandarin (bureaucrat)
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A mandarin was a bureaucrat scholar in the history of China, Korea and Vietnam.
Three Ming Dynasty mandarins of varying ranks.
A 15th-century portrait of the Ming official Jiang Shunfu. The cranes on his mandarin square indicate that he was a civil official of the sixth rank.
A Qing photograph of a government official with mandarin square in the front
Nguyễn Văn Tường (chữ Hán: 阮文祥, 1824–1886) was a mandarin of the Nguyễn dynasty in Vietnam.
Bureaucrat
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A bureaucrat is a member of a bureaucracy and can compose the administration of any organization of any size, although the term usually connotes someone within an institution of government.
Statue of a Tang dynasty official, 7th–8th century