The National Bank of Ukraine or NBU is the central bank of Ukraine – the government body responsible for a unified state policy in the field of the country's monetary circulation, including the strengthening of the national currency unit, the hryvnia. The National Bank of Ukraine employs over 12,000 people, making it one of the leading banks. It regulates and supervises activities, functions and the legal status of government and commercial banks based on the principles of the Constitution of Ukraine and the law of Ukraine.

A central bank, reserve bank, national bank, or monetary authority is an institution that manages the currency and monetary policy of a country or monetary union. In contrast to a commercial bank, a central bank possesses a monopoly on increasing the monetary base. Many central banks also have supervisory or regulatory powers to ensure the stability of commercial banks in their jurisdiction, to prevent bank runs, and in some cases also to enforce policies on financial consumer protection and against bank fraud, money laundering, or terrorism financing.