Opal card
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Opal is a contactless smartcard fare collection system for public transport services in the greater Sydney area and most other urban areas of New South Wales, Australia. Operation of the Opal system is managed by the New South Wales Government's transport authority, Transport for NSW. First launched in late 2012, Opal is valid on Transport for NSW's metro, train, bus, ferry and light rail services that operate in Sydney and the neighbouring Central Coast, Hunter Region, Blue Mountains, Illawarra and Southern Highlands areas. Opal equipment was designed from the start to support a variety of cards, but launched with the captive Opal cards.
Opal reader installed on a bus
Ticket gates at Kellyville station
A standard adult Opal card
An Opal machine for purchasing single trip tickets and topping up Opal cards.
Automated fare collection
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An automated fare collection (AFC) system is the collection of components that automate the ticketing system of a public transportation network – an automated version of manual fare collection. An AFC system is usually the basis for integrated ticketing.
The former AFC barrier gates at Southern Cross station in the Melbourne Metcard AFC System
The inside workings of a Japanese automated fare collection gate, 2015
Example of two fare cards, Presto and Bee, used in Ontario and New Zealand respectively.
General ticketing machines at the Expo station in Singapore, where commuters can add value to their EZ-Link card or purchase a single trip ticket.