Orontes I was a military officer of the Achaemenid Empire and satrap of the Armenia at the end of the 5th-century BC and first half of the 4th-century BC. He is notable for having led the unsuccessful Great Satraps' Revolt in Asia Minor against the Achaemenids from 362/1 BC to 360/359 BC.
Bronze coin of Orontes I, minted at Adramyteion between 357–352 BC
Coin minted by Evagoras I at Salamis
The gold coin attributed to Orontes I by some numismatists, minted at Lampsacus
The Great Satraps' Revolt, or the Revolts of the Satraps, was a rebellion in the Achaemenid Empire of several satraps in western Anatolia against the authority of the Great King Artaxerxes II. The Satraps who revolted were Datames, Ariobarzanes, Orontes, Autophradates, and Mausolus. The timing of their revolts varied, as did the circumstances that induced them to rebel. Though often portrayed as a general uprising, there was little coordination among them and at no time did they actually threaten Artaxerxes directly. Their efforts were aimed at secession rather than a takeover of the Empire.
Satrap Datames started to revolt in 372 BC.
Orontes, wearing the satrapal headdress, from his coinage.
Image: 360s Satrap Revolt