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History
Per ardua ad astra
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Per ardua ad astra is a Latin phrase meaning "through adversity to the stars" or "through struggle to the stars" that is the official motto of the Royal Air Force and other Commonwealth air forces such as the Royal Australian Air Force and Royal New Zealand Air Force, as well as the Royal Indian Air Force until 1947. The Royal Canadian Air Force used it until 1968, when it adopted the motto sic itur ad astra, a similar phrase meaning "such is the pathway to the stars". It dates from 1912, when it was adopted by the newly formed Royal Flying Corps.
The motto carved into the shelter at Stonefall cemetery in Harrogate, which has Air Force graves from many Commonwealth air forces
The motto carved into the shelter at Stonefall cemetery in Harrogate, which has Air Force graves from many Commonwealth air forces
Per Ardua Ad Astra, a 1984 memorial sculpture by Oscar Nemon on University Avenue in Toronto, honouring fallen Canadian airmen and women
Per Ardua Ad Astra, a 1984 memorial sculpture by Oscar Nemon on University Avenue in Toronto, honouring fallen Canadian airmen and women
Per ardua ad astra badge on the Polish Air Force Memorial, London
Per ardua ad astra badge on the Polish Air Force Memorial, London
RAF badge on the 1918 headstone of Lieutenant J. D. Lightbody in Scheldewindeke, Belgium
RAF badge on the 1918 headstone of Lieutenant J. D. Lightbody in Scheldewindeke, Belgium
Royal New Zealand Air Force
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The Royal New Zealand Air Force is the aerial service branch of the New Zealand Defence Force. It was formed initially in 1923 as a branch of the New Zealand Army, being known as the New Zealand Permanent Air Force, becoming an independent air force on 1 April 1937.
Supermarine Walrus of the RNZAF's seaplane training flight
Supermarine Walrus of the RNZAF's seaplane training flight
The restored Mk IX Spitfire once flown by NZ ace Johnnie Houlton DFC. It was converted to a dual configuration in 1946.
The restored Mk IX Spitfire once flown by NZ ace Johnnie Houlton DFC. It was converted to a dual configuration in 1946.
P-51D preserved in No. 3 (Canterbury) TAF colours
P-51D preserved in No. 3 (Canterbury) TAF colours
Geoff Fisken
Geoff Fisken