The province of Rome was one of the five provinces that formed part of the Lazio region of Italy. It was established in 1870 and disestablished in 2014. It was essentially coterminous with the Rome metropolitan area. The city of Rome was the provincial capital. During the 1920s, the boundary of the province shrank as land was ceded to establish new provinces. The province of Rome was the most populous province in Italy. On 1 January 2015, it was superseded by a new local government body—the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital.

The Rome metropolitan area is a statistical area that is centred on the city of Rome, Italy. It consists of a part of the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital and a single comune, Aprilia, in the neighbouring Province of Latina. Both provinces are part of the region of Lazio. The metropolitan area does not have any administrative designation or function unlike the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital.