A quatrefoil is a decorative element consisting of a symmetrical shape which forms the overall outline of four partially overlapping circles of the same diameter. It is found in art, architecture, heraldry and traditional Christian symbolism. The word 'quatrefoil' means "four leaves", from the Latin quattuor, "four", plus folium, "leaf"; the term refers specifically to a four-leafed clover, but applies in general to four-lobed shapes in various contexts. In recent years, several luxury brands have attempted to fraudulently assert creative rights related to the symbol, which naturally predates any of those brands' creative development. A similar shape with three rings is called a trefoil, while a shape with five is a cinquefoil.
Quatrefoil above the west door of Croyland Abbey showing in relief scenes from the life of Saint Guthlac
Quatrefoil window at the St. Petrus parish church in Peterslahr, Germany
Barbed quatrefoil containing relief of The Sacrifice of Isaac (1401) by Lorenzo Ghiberti for the Baptistry, Florence. Bargello Museum, Florence
Tracery is an architectural device by which windows are divided into sections of various proportions by stone bars or ribs of moulding. Most commonly, it refers to the stonework elements that support the glass in a window. The purpose of the device is practical as well as decorative, because the increasingly large windows of Gothic buildings needed maximum support against the wind. The term probably derives from the tracing floors on which the complex patterns of windows were laid out in late Gothic architecture. Tracery can be found on the exterior of buildings as well as the interior.
Plate tracery, Laon Cathedral, north rose window
Plate tracery, Lincoln Cathedral "Dean's Eye" rose window (c. 1225)
Rayonnant bar tracery, Notre-Dame de Paris, north rose window
Bar tracery with cusped circles, Reims Cathedral, apse chapel