A ram air turbine (RAT) is a small wind turbine that is connected to a hydraulic pump, or electrical generator, installed in an aircraft and used as a power source. The RAT generates power from the airstream by ram pressure due to the speed of the aircraft. It may be called an air driven generator (ADG) on some aircraft.
Ram air turbine on a Republic F-105 Thunderchief fighter-bomber
Convair F-102 Delta Dagger. The yellow circle highlights a ram air turbine with five blades
Ram air turbine in a Lockheed F-104 Starfighter fighter-bomber
Argus As 410 engine and ram air turbine used to power the actuator of the variable-pitch propeller, which is visible in front of the engine and behind the ram air turbine
An auxiliary power unit (APU) is a device on a vehicle that provides energy for functions other than propulsion. They are commonly found on large aircraft and naval ships as well as some large land vehicles. Aircraft APUs generally produce 115 V AC voltage at 400 Hz, to run the electrical systems of the aircraft; others can produce 28 V DC voltage. APUs can provide power through single or three-phase systems.
A Honeywell GTCP36 APU mounted in the tail of a business jet
The APU exhaust in the tailcone of an Airbus A380
The intake diverter of the Jumo 004, with pullcord starter handle for Riedel APU and its sparkplug access ports
The Riedel 2-stroke engine used as the pioneering example of an APU, to turn over the central shaft of both World War II-era German BMW 003 and Junkers Jumo 004 jet engines (pullcord starter variant shown).