Robert Wilhelm Eberhard Bunsen was a German chemist. He investigated emission spectra of heated elements, and discovered caesium and rubidium with the physicist Gustav Kirchhoff. The Bunsen–Kirchhoff Award for spectroscopy is named after Bunsen and Kirchhoff.
Robert Bunsen
Gustav Kirchhoff (left) and Robert Bunsen (right)
Bunsen's grave in Heidelberg's Bergfriedhof
Spectroscopy is the field of study that measures and interprets electromagnetic spectra. In narrower contexts, spectroscopy is the precise study of color as generalized from visible light to all bands of the electromagnetic spectrum.
An example of spectroscopy: a prism analyses white light by dispersing it into its component colors.
A huge diffraction grating at the heart of the ultra-precise ESPRESSO spectrograph.
UVES is a high-resolution spectrograph on the Very Large Telescope.
Atomic spectra comparison table, from "Spektroskopische Methoden der analytischen Chemie" (1922).