Rosario María Murillo Zambrana is a Nicaraguan politician and poet who has held the position of Vice President of Nicaragua, the country's second highest office, since January 2017 and First Lady of Nicaragua since 2007 and from 1985 to 1990 as the wife of President Daniel Ortega. Murillo has served as the Nicaraguan government's lead spokesperson, government minister, head of the Sandinista Association of Cultural Workers, and Communications Coordinator of the Council on Communication and Citizenry. She was sworn in as vice president of Nicaragua on 10 January 2017. In August 2021, she was personally sanctioned by the European Union, over alleged human rights violations.

The vice president of the Republic of Nicaragua is the second highest political position in Nicaragua. According to the current Constitution, the vice president is elected on the same ticket, and at the same time, as the president. The salary of the vice president has been US$3,100 per month.