Rowing, sometimes called crew in the United States, is the sport of racing boats using oars. It differs from paddling sports in that rowing oars are attached to the boat using oarlocks, while paddles are not connected to the boat. Rowing is divided into two disciplines: sculling and sweep rowing. In sculling, each rower holds two oars, one in each hand, while in sweep rowing each rower holds one oar with both hands. There are several boat classes in which athletes may compete, ranging from single sculls, occupied by one person, to shells with eight rowers and a coxswain, called eights. There are a wide variety of course types and formats of racing, but most elite and championship level racing is conducted on calm water courses 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) long with several lanes marked using buoys.
Image: Harvard Rowing Crew at Henley 2004 2
Image: Aviron 2015 World Championships 11
A rowing competition is recounted in the Aeneid, illustrated in this sixteenth-century plaque
The finish of the Doggett's Coat and Badge. Painting by Thomas Rowlandson.
Boat racing is a sport in which boats, or other types of watercraft, race on water. Boat racing powered by oars is recorded as having occurred in ancient Egypt, and it is likely that people have engaged in races involving boats and other water-borne craft for as long as such watercraft have existed.
The Head of the Schuylkill Regatta
Rowing, by Lucien Davis, 1898.
Britannia Boating Club Regatta 1895
A boat race seen from the International Space Station, 2006